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Hypothesis that inertial and gravitational masses are equivalent
The equivalence principle is the hypothesis that the observed equivalence of gravitational and inertial mass is a consequence of nature. The weak form
Equivalence_principle
Theorem in electromagnetism
surface. It is also known as field equivalence principle, Huygens' equivalence principle or simply as the equivalence principle. Being a more rigorous reformulation
Surface_equivalence_principle
Probabilistic optimal control
centralized systems with only additive uncertainty is the certainty equivalence property: that the optimal control solution in this case is the same
Stochastic_control
Topics referred to by the same term
Principle of equivalence may refer to: The relativistic equivalence principle Carl Jung's second principle relating to the libido#Analytical psychology
Principle_of_equivalence
Topics referred to by the same term
Matrix equivalence in linear algebra Turing equivalence (recursion theory) Elementary equivalence, in mathematical logic Equivalence principle in the
Equivalence
Physics principle
order to build a consistent theory including gravity. These are the Equivalence Principle and locality. Locality means that the laws apply only within a small
Principle_of_relativity
under fifth force and weak equivalence principle. A version of the equivalence principle, called the strong equivalence principle, asserts that self-gravitation
Tests_of_general_relativity
Physics concept expressed as E = mc²
but massless free particles have both momentum and energy. The equivalence principle implies that when mass is lost in chemical reactions or nuclear
Mass–energy_equivalence
Albert Einstein's hypothetical situations to argue scientific points
inertial mass? Using the equivalence principle, Einstein concluded that this must be so. To show that the equivalence principle necessarily implies the
Einstein's thought experiments
Einstein's_thought_experiments
Mathematical theory of the geometry of space and time
are the same regardless of the coordinate system used, and the equivalence principle, which states that the effects of gravity are indistinguishable
Curved_spacetime
Test of gravitational redshift
tested Albert Einstein's 1907 and 1911 predictions, based on the equivalence principle, that photons would gain energy when descending a gravitational
Pound–Rebka_experiment
Two interrelated physics theories by Albert Einstein
1907–1915. The development of general relativity began with the equivalence principle, under which the states of accelerated motion and being at rest
Theory_of_relativity
Amount of matter present in an object
the equivalence principle. The particular equivalence often referred to as the "Galilean equivalence principle" or the "weak equivalence principle" has
Mass
Proposed theories of gravity
Equivalence Principle. Will tempers that by explaining experimental criteria for testing non-metric theories against Einstein's Equivalence Principle
Alternatives to general relativity
Alternatives_to_general_relativity
Compact astronomical body
proposing his equivalence principle, the hypothesis that inertial mass and gravitational mass have a common cause. Using the principle, Einstein predicted
Black_hole
Generalization of straight line to a curved space time
derivation of the geodesic equation of motion directly from the equivalence principle. The first step in such a derivation is to suppose that a free falling
Geodesics in general relativity
Geodesics_in_general_relativity
Field-equations in general relativity
of the fields. Conformastatic spacetimes Einstein–Hilbert action Equivalence principle Exact solutions in general relativity General relativity resources
Einstein_field_equations
Space-based experiment to test the theory of general relativity
Gravity Probe A (GP-A) was a space-based experiment to test the equivalence principle, a feature of Einstein's theory of relativity. It was performed
Gravity_Probe_A
Physical effect in general relativity
Gravitational redshift can be interpreted as a consequence of the equivalence principle (that gravitational effects are locally equivalent to inertial effects
Gravitational_redshift
Book by Stephen Wolfram
experimental results, Wolfram developed the principle of computational equivalence (PCE): the principle says that systems found in the natural world
A_New_Kind_of_Science
Method of analysis applied to problems wave propagation
reformulation of the Huygens–Fresnel principle for radiating current sources is known as surface equivalence principle. Issues in Huygens–Fresnel theory
Huygens–Fresnel_principle
German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)
also made important contributions to quantum theory. His mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which arises from special relativity, has been called
Albert_Einstein
Theory of gravity by Albert Einstein
theory of general relativity, formalized in his equivalence principle. Roughly speaking, the principle states that a person in a free-falling elevator
Introduction to general relativity
Introduction_to_general_relativity
Speculative physics theory
One way to search for a fifth force is with tests of the strong equivalence principle, one of the most powerful tests of general relativity, also known
Fifth_force
Mathematical model combining space and time
sense. Einstein resolved this problem through the principle of equivalence. The equivalence principle states that in any sufficiently small region of space
Spacetime
Theory of gravity on antimatter
test of the weak equivalence principle. Many of these early theoretical objections were later overturned. The equivalence principle predicts that mass
Gravitational interaction of antimatter
Gravitational_interaction_of_antimatter
Proposed ESA mission
Explorer and Quantum Equivalence Principle Space Test (STE-QUEST) was a proposed satellite mission to test the Einstein Equivalence Principle to high precision
STE-QUEST
Way of organizing classes in larger systems
In computer programming, package principles are a way of organizing classes in larger systems to make them more organized and manageable. They aid in understanding
Package_principles
Theory of gravitation as curved spacetime
non-rotating) reference frames, is known as the Einstein equivalence principle, a crucial guiding principle for generalizing special-relativistic physics to include
General_relativity
Property of a statement that can be logically contradicted
different. It is, as described by Popper, a valid falsifier for the equivalence principle, a concept associated with Albert Einstein. In a discussion of the
Falsifiability
Hypothetical shielding of an object from gravity
Gravitational shielding is considered to be a violation of the equivalence principle and therefore inconsistent with both Newtonian theory and general
Gravitational_shielding
Concept of absolute rotation
gravitation should rest: The principle of relativity as expressed by general covariance. The principle of equivalence. Mach's principle (the first time this term
Mach's_principle
Topics referred to by the same term
Equivalence theorem may refer to: Economics Ricardian equivalence, a principle in economics Revenue equivalence, a concept in auction theory Mathematics
Equivalence_theorem
Hypothetical FTL transportation by warping space
unobtainably large. However, Alexey Bobrick and Gianni Martire claim that, in principle, a class of subluminal, spherically symmetric warp drive spacetimes can
Alcubierre_drive
General-relativistic effect
manifested in accelerated frames of reference or, by virtue of the equivalence principle, in the gravitational field of massive objects. According to general
Gravitational_time_dilation
Attraction of masses and energy
Newton's second law is the same as the gravitational mass. This equivalence principle is a scientific hypothesis that has been tested experimentally to
Gravity
Region in spacetime from which nothing can escape
horizon, which is not possible for quasilocal observers (not even in principle). In other words, there is no experiment and/or measurement that can be
Event_horizon
Concept in physical models
active and passive gravitational mass be identical. Einstein's equivalence principle postulates that inertial mass must equal passive gravitational mass
Negative_mass
Experiment at the Antiproton Decelerator
normal hydrogen, GBAR is testing the equivalence principle proposed by Albert Einstein. The equivalence principle says that the gravitational force on
GBAR_experiment
Thought experiment in special relativity
result was already before obtained by Einstein (1918), who used the equivalence principle to show that a homogeneous gravitational field appears in the rest
Twin_paradox
Time delay caused by space-time distortion near massive objects
M. Krauss; Scott Tremaine (January 18, 1988). "Test of the Weak Equivalence Principle for Neutrinos and Photons". Physical Review Letters. 60 (3): 176–177
Shapiro_time_delay
Apparent paradox in the context of general relativity
supported by a force to prevent it from falling. According to the equivalence principle, it should be indistinguishable from a particle in flat spacetime
Paradox of radiation of charged particles in a gravitational field
Paradox_of_radiation_of_charged_particles_in_a_gravitational_field
Millisecond pulsar with two orbiting white dwarfs in the constellation Taurus
provides an opportunity to test the nature of gravity and the strong equivalence principle, with a sensitivity several orders of magnitude greater than before
PSR_J0337+1715
Physical and science fiction concept
challenging. For matter particles, the equivalence of inertial and gravitational mass, known as the weak equivalence principle, has been demonstrated to a precision
Anti-gravity
Theory of interwoven space and time by Albert Einstein
postulates of special relativity predict the equivalence of mass and energy, as expressed in the mass–energy equivalence formula E = m c 2 {\displaystyle E=mc^{2}}
Special_relativity
Set of spacetime events, light-connected to a given event
formulation Fundamental concepts Equivalence principle Riemannian geometry Penrose diagram Geodesics Mach's principle Formulation ADM formalism BSSN formalism
Light_cone
English mathematician, mathematical physicist (born 1931)
after chapter, that human thought cannot be based on any known scientific principle." Minsky's position is exactly the opposite – he believed that humans
Roger_Penrose
Diagram of different points in spacetime
formulation Fundamental concepts Equivalence principle Riemannian geometry Penrose diagram Geodesics Mach's principle Formulation ADM formalism BSSN formalism
Penrose_diagram
Family of linear transformations
by deriving the Lorentz transformation under the assumptions of the principle of relativity and the constancy of the speed of light in any inertial
Lorentz_transformation
Path of an object through spacetime
formulation Fundamental concepts Equivalence principle Riemannian geometry Penrose diagram Geodesics Mach's principle Formulation ADM formalism BSSN formalism
World_line
Light bending by mass between source and observer
value as Soldner's was calculated by Einstein in 1911 based on the equivalence principle alone. However, Einstein noted in 1915, in the process of completing
Gravitational_lens
Aspect of relativity in physics
scientists to test more thoroughly the general theory of relativity. In principle, gravitational waves can exist at any frequency. Very low frequency waves
Gravitational_wave
Branch of differential geometry
formulation Fundamental concepts Equivalence principle Riemannian geometry Penrose diagram Geodesics Mach's principle Formulation ADM formalism BSSN formalism
Riemannian_geometry
Effect of general relativity
will balance and her rate of rotation will not change. Due to the equivalence principle, gravitational effects are locally indistinguishable from inertial
Frame-dragging
Hypothesis proposing a modification of Newton's laws
implies a fundamental break with the strong equivalence principle (but not the weak equivalence principle which is required by the Lagrangian). The effect
Modified_Newtonian_dynamics
Effect in theoretical astrophysics
mass. If observed, the Nordtvedt effect would violate the strong equivalence principle, which indicates that an object's movement in a gravitational field
Nordtvedt_effect
Celebrated demonstration of gravity
basic premise behind these experiments is now known as the (weak) equivalence principle. Galileo's hypothesis that inertial mass (resistance to acceleration)
Galileo's Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment
Galileo's_Leaning_Tower_of_Pisa_experiment
Topics referred to by the same term
seismic imaging of the Earth Standard electrode potential Strong equivalence principle, in General Relativity physics IS-1 Sęp, a 1947 Polish glider Somatic
SEP
Vector field representing a mass's effect on surrounding space
Gravity is distinguished from other forces by its obedience to the equivalence principle. In classical mechanics, a gravitational field is a physical quantity
Gravitational_field
Satellite for testing the principle of equivalence (2016–18)
d'Equivalence (Micro-Satellite with Compensated Drag for Observing the Principle of Equivalence, MICROSCOPE) is a 300-kilogram (660 lb) class minisatellite operated
MICROSCOPE
Exact solution for the Einstein field equations
frame-dragging effects will balance and her spin will not change. Due to the equivalence principle, gravitational effects are locally indistinguishable from inertial
Kerr_metric
Energy driving the accelerated expansion of the universe
uncertainty principle in the energy–time formulation, has been often invoked as the main contribution to dark energy. The mass–energy equivalence postulated
Dark_energy
Condition in which spacetime itself breaks down
History Timeline Tests Mathematical formulation Fundamental concepts Equivalence principle Special relativity World line Pseudo-Riemannian manifold Phenomena
Gravitational_singularity
Description of gravity using discrete values
supercommute for spacelike separated points. (This is a way of imposing a principle of locality.) However, in quantum gravity, the metric is dynamical, so
Quantum_gravity
Equations describing classical electromagnetism
(see Heaviside–Lorentz units, used mainly in particle physics). The equivalence of the differential and integral formulations are a consequence of the
Maxwell's_equations
Proposed theory of gravitation
by the metric tensor. All metric theories satisfy the Einstein equivalence principle, which in modern geometric language states that in a very small
Brans–Dicke_theory
Measured time difference as explained by relativity theory
subject to relativistic time dilation. This illustrates the fundamental principle that time dilation is a universal feature of special relativity, independent
Time_dilation
Graph of space and time in special relativity
geometry of special relativity. E. T. Whittaker has pointed out that the principle of relativity is tantamount to the arbitrariness of what hyperbola radius
Spacetime_diagram
French mathematician, physicist and engineer (1854–1912)
experiments of Marie Curie. It was Albert Einstein's concept of mass–energy equivalence (1905) that a body losing energy as radiation or heat was losing mass
Henri_Poincaré
Metric based on the exact solution of Einstein's field equations of general relativity
velocities run backwards until the clocks coincide in space. The equivalence principle applied to each galaxy means distance measurements can be made using
Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric
Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker_metric
American theoretical physicist (1911–2008)
"Participatory Anthropic Principle" (PAP), a version of a strong anthropic principle. In developing the participatory anthropic principle, an interpretation
John_Archibald_Wheeler
Solution of Einstein field equations
body, energy has to be applied to the system. Due to the mass–energy equivalence, this energy also has a mass-equivalent; therefore M is always higher
Kerr–Newman_metric
Theoretical physics term
In theoretical physics, a local reference frame (local frame) refers to a coordinate system or frame of reference that is only expected to function over
Local_reference_frame
Satellite Test of the Equivalence Principle (STEP) is a proposed (as of 2014[update]) space science experiment to test the equivalence principle of general relativity
STEP_(satellite)
Hypothetical astrophysical effect
direction. Hawking radiation is dependent on the Unruh effect and the equivalence principle applied to black-hole horizons. Close to the event horizon of a
Hawking_radiation
Change in wavelength of light
can be derived from the assumptions of special relativity and the equivalence principle; the full theory of general relativity is not required. The effect
Redshift
Theory in physics with scalars and tensors both describing a force or interaction
theories with a scalar field and the relation to the equivalence principle and Mach's principle. P. G. Bergmann (1968). "Comments on the scalar-tensor
Scalar–tensor_theory
Speed of electromagnetic waves
c interrelates space and time and appears in the famous mass–energy equivalence, E = mc2. The speed of light in vacuum is usually denoted by a lowercase
Speed_of_light
Equations in physical cosmology
universe is spatially homogeneous and isotropic, that is, the cosmological principle; empirically, this is justified on scales larger than the order of 100
Friedmann_equations
Physics experiment
demonstrated the same equivalence in mass. In turn, these experiments led to the modern understanding of the equivalence principle encoded in general relativity
Eötvös_experiment
Hypothetical object of spacetime
History Timeline Tests Mathematical formulation Fundamental concepts Equivalence principle Special relativity World line Pseudo-Riemannian manifold Phenomena
White_hole
Solution of Einstein field equations
can be taken as illustrating an alternative universe, which would in principle be allowed by general relativity (if one admits the legitimacy of a negative
Gödel_metric
Type of inertial force
create artificial gravity) and gravitational forces led to the equivalence principle of general relativity. Centrifugal force is an outward force apparent
Centrifugal_force
Equation explaining structure of a spherical body of isotropic material
History Timeline Tests Mathematical formulation Fundamental concepts Equivalence principle Special relativity World line Pseudo-Riemannian manifold Phenomena
Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation
Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff_equation
Approximation method for general relativity in physics
theories of gravitation in which all bodies satisfy the Einstein equivalence principle (EEP). The speed of light remains constant in PPN formalism and
Parameterized post-Newtonian formalism
Parameterized_post-Newtonian_formalism
Indian-American astrophysicist (1910–1995)
formulation Fundamental concepts Equivalence principle Riemannian geometry Penrose diagram Geodesics Mach's principle Formulation ADM formalism BSSN formalism
Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar
Concept in auction theory
Revenue equivalence is a concept in auction theory that states that given certain conditions, any mechanism that results in the same outcomes (i.e. allocates
Revenue_equivalence
Hypothetical black-hole event-horizon phenomenon
forced to give up one of three time-tested principles: Einstein's equivalence principle, unitarity, or existing quantum field theory. However, it is now
Firewall_(physics)
Book by Albert Einstein and Leopold Infeld
the early tests of special relativity. Mass–energy equivalence is discussed. The equivalence principle is returned to, leading to the general theory of
The_Evolution_of_Physics
Law of physics and chemistry
but were imprecise enough to leave room for doubt. The mechanical equivalence principle was first stated in its modern form by the German surgeon Julius
Conservation_of_energy
measurements, APOLLO will test: the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) to a part in 1014, the Strong Equivalence Principle (SEP) to a few parts in 105, de Sitter
Apache Point Observatory Lunar Laser-ranging Operation
Apache_Point_Observatory_Lunar_Laser-ranging_Operation
Antimatter gravitation experiment
similar to regular matter, supporting a prediction of the weak equivalence principle. Working with antimatter presents several experimental challenges
ALPHA_experiment
Trace radiation from the early universe
CMB anisotropy. This difference is in conflict with the cosmological principle. Assuming the universe keeps expanding and it does not suffer a Big Crunch
Cosmic_microwave_background
Topics referred to by the same term
between simplicial sets Weak equivalence (formal languages) Weak equivalence principle This disambiguation page lists mathematics articles associated with
Weak_equivalence
Abstract coordinate system
Laboratory frame of reference Lorentz transformation Mach's principle Orthogonal coordinates Principle of relativity Quantum reference frame Here is a quotation
Frame_of_reference
American astronomer and physicist (1916–1997)
Brans, an equivalence-principle violating modification of general relativity. A highlight experiment was the test of the equivalence principle by Roll,
Robert_H._Dicke
Use of circular rotational force to mimic gravity
opposed to the force experienced in linear acceleration, which by the equivalence principle is indistinguishable from gravity. In a more general sense, "artificial
Artificial_gravity
Mathematical description of spacetime used in relativity
relativity General relativity Spacetime concepts Spacetime manifold Equivalence principle Lorentz transformations Minkowski space General relativity Introduction
Minkowski_spacetime
American physicist, writer, and Nobel Laureate (born 1940)
formulation Fundamental concepts Equivalence principle Riemannian geometry Penrose diagram Geodesics Mach's principle Formulation ADM formalism BSSN formalism
Kip_Thorne
Physics principle that simultaneity depends on choice of reference frame
assuming that the speed of light is invariant within the aether. Due to the "principle of relative motion", moving observers within the aether also assume that
Relativity_of_simultaneity
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EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Elijah is the English language equivalent.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Jethro is the English language equivalent.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Jacob is the English language equivalent.
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Equivalent to a God
Boy/Male
Scandinavian
Royalty title approximately equivalent to the English Earl.
Boy/Male
Muslim American Biblical English Hebrew
The Biblical Adam is the English language equivalent.
Girl/Female
Hawaiian
Sound. Also the Hawaiian equivalent of Sandy.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Elijah is the English language equivalent.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Ezekiel (English language equivalent).
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Ezekiel is the English language equivalent.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Adam is the English language equivalent.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Ezra is the English language equivalent.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Areran is the English language equivalent.
Girl/Female
American, British, English
Feminine Equivalent of Count; Titled
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Elijah is the English language equivalent.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Abel is the English language equivalent.
Girl/Female
Hawaiian American Latin Slavic Spanish
Equivalent of English Lara: famous;cheerful.
Girl/Female
English
Titled. Feminine equivalent of Count.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Equivalent to Ten Heavens; Very Powerful
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Jacob is the English language equivalent.
EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE
v. t.
To make of equal weight; to balance equally; to counterbalance; to equiponderate.
n.
Equal weight; equiponderance.
a.
Equal in measure but not admitting of superposition; -- applied to magnitudes; as, a square may be equivalent to a triangle.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Equibalance
n.
The quantity of the combining power of an atom, expressed in hydrogen units; the number of hydrogen atoms can combine with, or be exchanged for; valency. See Valence.
a.
Contemporaneous in origin; as, the equivalent strata of different countries.
n.
That comparative quantity by weight of an element which possesses the same chemical value as other elements, as determined by actual experiment and reference to the same standard. Specifically: (a) The comparative proportions by which one element replaces another in any particular compound; thus, as zinc replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric acid, their equivalents are 32.5 and 1. (b) The combining proportion by weight of a substance, or the number expressing this proportion, in any particular compound; as, the equivalents of hydrogen and oxygen in water are respectively 1 and 8, and in hydric dioxide 1 and 16.
a.
Equivalent in value, signification, or effect.
v. t.
To be equivalent or equal to; to counterbalance.
n.
The condition of being equivalent or equal; equality of worth, value, signification, or force; as, an equivalence of definitions.
n.
Equal power or force; equivalent amount.
n.
A combining unit, whether an atom, a radical, or a molecule; as, in acid salt two or more equivalents of acid unite with one or more equivalents of base.
prep.
Denoting identity or equivalence; -- used with a name or appellation, and equivalent to the relation of apposition; as, the continent of America; the city of Rome; the Island of Cuba.
a.
Equal; equivalent; adequate.
imp. & p. p.
of Equibalance
n.
Something equivalent; that which is equal in value, worth, weight, or force; as, to offer an equivalent for damage done.
a.
Equal in wortir or value, force, power, effect, import, and the like; alike in significance and value; of the same import or meaning.
n.
Same as Equivalence.
n.
The degree of combining power as determined by relative weight. See Equivalent, n., 2.
v. t.
To make the equivalent to; to equal; equivalence.
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