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Molar concentration divided by equivalence factor
In chemistry, equivalent concentration or normality (N) is the number of equivalents of solute (eq) per liter of solution (L). N = e q L {\displaystyle
Equivalent_concentration
Chemical compound
(230,000x at equivalent concentration) Carrelame (200,000x at equivalent concentration) Bernardame (188,000x at equivalent concentration) Sucrooctate
Sucrononic_acid
standard convention, Stiff diagrams are created by plotting the equivalent concentration of the cations to the left of the center axis and anions to the
Stiff_diagram
Metric of alcohol concentration in blood
equivalent to 1 kilogram. In pharmacokinetics, concentrations may be expressed in moles. As the molar mass of ethanol is 46.07 g/mol, a concentration
Blood_alcohol_content
human toxicity in up to 71% of cases. The human equivalent dose (HED) or human equivalent concentration (HEC) is the quantity of a chemical that, when
Human_equivalent
Potential heat absorbed by a greenhouse gas
dioxide equivalent concentration. It is the atmospheric concentration of CO2 which would warm the earth as much as a particular concentration of some
Global_warming_potential
Conductivity per molar concentration of electrolyte
consider the conductivity divided by the equivalent ion concentration in terms of equivalents per litre, where 1 equivalent is the quantity of ions that have
Molar_conductivity
Capacity of water to resist changes in pH that would make the water more acidic
molar equivalent concentration of bases in a solution that can be converted to uncharged species by a strong acid. Molar equivalent concentration means
Alkalinity
Concentration camps operated by Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany built and operated a system of concentration camps (German: Konzentrationslager) between 1933 and 1945. In these camps, prisoners were held
Nazi_concentration_camps
Common human medical data ranges for blood test results
and using the same distance from the concentration to be converted to determine the equivalent concentration in terms of the other unit. For example
Reference ranges for blood tests
Reference_ranges_for_blood_tests
Topics referred to by the same term
the property of conforming to a norm Normality (chemistry), the equivalent concentration of a solution Principle of normality, in solid mechanics Normality
Normality
0.9877^{a}} As an example, given a concentration of 260 mg/m3 at sea level, calculate the equivalent concentration at an altitude of 1,800 meters: Ca
Useful conversions and formulas for air dispersion modeling
Useful_conversions_and_formulas_for_air_dispersion_modeling
Nazi concentration camp in Austria (1938–1945)
Mauthausen was a Nazi concentration camp on a hill above the market town of Mauthausen (roughly 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Linz) in Upper Austria.
Mauthausen_concentration_camp
Mass of one equivalent
In chemistry, equivalent weight (more precisely, equivalent mass) is the mass of one equivalent, that is the mass of a given substance which will combine
Equivalent_weight
Process of removing impurities from water
Escherichia coli than an equivalent concentration of bromine, and over six times more effective than an equivalent concentration of iodine. Iodine is commonly
Water_purification
Quantification of the electrical interactions between ions in solution
leading to an ionic strength that is four times higher than an equivalent concentration of sodium chloride: I = 1 2 [ c ( + 2 ) 2 + c ( − 2 ) 2 ] = 1 2
Ionic_strength
in a single number – the toxic equivalency (TEQ). It is a single figure resulting from the product of the concentration and individual TEF values of each
Toxic_equivalency_factor
Metric for oxygen available at different pressures
atmospheric concentration by volume of O2, although FO2 and Patm vary for extraterrestrials. Calculations occur as follows: Let O2E be oxygen equivalent, FO2
Oxygen_equivalent
Water that contains a high concentration of dissolved salts
water (more commonly known as salt water) is water that contains a high concentration of dissolved salts (mainly sodium chloride). On the United States Geological
Saline_water
example, given an air pollutant concentration of 260 mg/m3 at sea level, calculate the equivalent pollutant concentration at an altitude of 2800 meters:
Air_pollutant_concentrations
German SS officer (1905–1946)
Obersturmbannführer (paramilitary rank equivalent to lieutenant colonel) in charge of executions at Dachau concentration camp; he was, along with others, responsible
Wilhelm_Ruppert
Galvanic cell
concentration cell is a limited form of a galvanic cell that has two equivalent half-cells of the same composition differing only in concentrations.
Concentration_cell
Paramilitary rank of the SS
Unteroffizier. Rank comparisons list the rank of Unterscharführer as equivalent to a corporal in other services, but the rank held responsibilities of
Unterscharführer
Statistical parameter
{\displaystyle \alpha (\cdot )} is called the concentration rate of the space X {\displaystyle X} . The following equivalent definition has many applications: α
Concentration_of_measure
Atmospheric constituent and greenhouse gas
increase in hydrogen ion concentration in the world's oceans (the pH scale is logarithmic, so a change of one in pH units is equivalent to a tenfold change
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Earth
Carbon_dioxide_in_the_atmosphere_of_Earth
Concept in marketing and retailing
macro version of the patronage concentration ratio. Or alternatively, patronage concentration is the micro equivalent of market share. In retailing, it
Patronage_concentration
Chemical compound
the free, fluorescent Fluo-4. It loads faster, is brighter at equivalent concentrations and is well-excited by the 488 nm line of the argon-ion laser
Fluo-4
Measure of the level of acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution
logarithmic scale, a difference of one in pH is equivalent to a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration. Neutrality is not exactly 7 at 25 °C, but
PH
Topics referred to by the same term
Channel, an audiovisual technology HEC syndrome, a condition Human equivalent concentration Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, a test of insulin resistance
HEC
Exchange of ions between an electrolyte solution and a solid
wastewater contains all of the removed ions plus 2.5–5 times their equivalent concentration as sodium sulfate. Alkali anion-exchange membrane Ion Ion chromatography
Ion_exchange
'female SS overseer') was the position title for a female guard in Nazi concentration and extermination camps. Female camp personnel were members of the SS-Gefolge
Female guards in Nazi concentration camps
Female_guards_in_Nazi_concentration_camps
used in this sense, it is equivalent to “concentration overpotential”. the changes in concentration (emergence of concentration gradients in the solution
Concentration_polarization
Imprisonment or confinement of groups of people without trial
prisons or in facilities known as internment camps or concentration camps. The term concentration camp originates from the Spanish–Cuban Ten Years' War
Internment
Sufficient amount to kill
(abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt50 (lethal concentration and time) of a toxin, radiation, or pathogen is the
Lethal_dose
One of the three main camps in the Auschwitz concentration camp system
Monowitz (also known as Monowitz-Buna, Buna and Auschwitz III) was a Nazi concentration camp and labor camp (Arbeitslager) run by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland
Monowitz_concentration_camp
Measure of ionizing radiation in the environment
committed dose may be calculated by multiplying the equilibrium equivalent concentration (EEC) of radon by a factor of 8 to 9 nSv·m3/Bq·h and the EEC
Background_radiation
Dust-free room for research or production
cleanroom or clean room is an engineered space that maintains a very low concentration of airborne particulates. It is well-isolated, well-controlled from
Cleanroom
Soviet penal labor camp system
voiced in Terrorism and Communism. These concentration camps were not identical to the Stalinist or Nazi concentration camps but were introduced to isolate
Gulag
International scientists' environmentalist group
travel via container ships and land routes to save 4.5 tonnes of CO2 equivalent. His employer, Kiel Institute, threatened termination of his employment
Scientist_Rebellion
Mathematical inequality explaining concentration of random variables
In probability theory, concentration inequalities provide mathematical bounds on the probability of a random variable deviating from some value (typically
Concentration_inequality
Officer's rank in the Schutzstaffel (SS)
doctor assigned to Auschwitz; Joseph Kramer, commandant of Bergen-Belsen concentration camp; Franz Stangl, commandant of Sobibor and Treblinka; Alois Brunner
Hauptsturmführer
Concept for energy flows to and from Earth
415 ppm and all long-lived greenhouse gases exceeded a 500 ppm CO2-equivalent concentration due to continued growth in human emissions. Lorenz energy cycle
Earth's_energy_budget
Numerical parameter in probability theory
dimension k is equivalent to a uniform distribution over a k-1-dimensional simplex. This is not the same as what happens when the concentration parameter tends
Concentration_parameter
Concentration of a compound where 50% of its maximal effect is observed
for its vagueness. EC50 is a measure of concentration, expressed in molar units (M), where 1 M is equivalent to 1 mol/L. The EC50 of a graded dose response
EC50
Measure of sugar in grape juice
refractive indices having been pre-converted to their must weight equivalents. Concentration Sugars in wine Winemaking Deutsches Weininstitut: Must weights
Must_weight
1995 genocidal killing of Bosniak men
by international actors and observers reflected the prism of "moral equivalency" through which the conflict in Bosnia was viewed by too many for too
Srebrenica_massacre
Nazi Party paramilitary rank
that of Scharführer. Within the Waffen-SS, Rottenführer was considered equivalent to an Obergefreiter in the German Wehrmacht. For pay purposes, a Rottenführer
Rottenführer
Method and the Federal Equivalent Method. The Federal Reference Method (FRM) was the original method of measuring ozone concentration in the air, being used
Ozone_monitor
Radioactive isotope of potassium
proportionally less in children). The normal potassium-40 concentration in the human body is equivalent to 55 Bq per kilogram, corresponding to an effective
Potassium-40
Rule of thumb in toxicology
the concentration will halve the time, for example. It makes equivalent any two groupings of dose concentration and exposure time that have equivalent mathematical
Haber's_rule
Projections used in climate change modeling
Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) are climate change scenarios to project future greenhouse gas concentrations. These pathways (or trajectories)
Representative Concentration Pathway
Representative_Concentration_Pathway
Chemical element with atomic number 86 (Rn)
released from soil annually worldwide. This is equivalent to some 15.3 kilograms (34 lb). Radon concentration can differ widely from place to place. In the
Radon
Properties of steel and cast iron
The equivalent carbon content concept is used on ferrous materials, typically steel and cast iron, to determine various properties of the alloy when more
Equivalent_carbon_content
Paramilitary officer's rank in Nazi Germany
[ˈʃtʊʁmbanˌfyːʁɐ]; lit. 'assault unit leader') was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank equivalent to major that was used in several Nazi organizations, such as the SA,
Sturmbannführer
Measure of the relative size of firms
Adelman, M. A. (February 1969). "Comment on the "H" Concentration Measure as a Numbers-Equivalent". The Review of Economics and Statistics. 51 (1). The
Herfindahl–Hirschman_index
Net amount of acid excreted in urine per unit time
acid concentration, and the concentration of bicarbonate in the urine (the loss of bicarbonate, a buffering agent, is physiologically equivalent to a
Net_acid_excretion
Electric potential difference between interior and exterior of a biological cell
Electrophysiologists model the effects of ionic concentration differences, ion channels, and membrane capacitance in terms of an equivalent circuit, which is intended to
Membrane_potential
Branch of the SS that managed the Nazi camps (1936–1945)
were adopted by all concentration camps of Nazi Germany as of 1 January 1934. Eicke was promoted to SS-Brigadeführer (equivalent to a major-general in
SS-Totenkopfverbände
Genocide of European Jews by Nazi Germany
deserve a respectful hearing." Equivalent to $400 million at the time, or $8 billion in 2025. The Nazi concentration camp system administered by the
The_Holocaust
1965 book
Śūraṃgamasamādhisūtra, The Concentration of Heroic Progress: An Early Mahayana Buddhist Scripture, originally titled in French as La concentration de la marche héroïque
Śūraṃgamasamādhisūtra, The Concentration of Heroic Progress
Śūraṃgamasamādhisūtra,_The_Concentration_of_Heroic_Progress
German V12 petrol engine
Leitmeritz concentration camp. List of WWII Maybach engines Kharkiv model V-2, equivalent contemporary Soviet tank engine Rolls-Royce Meteor, equivalent contemporary
Maybach_HL230
Ranking of cities in the U.S.
government that includes the entire population of a county, or county equivalent. Some consolidated city-counties, however, include multiple incorporated
List of United States cities by population
List_of_United_States_cities_by_population
Cloth emblems; part of the system of identification in Nazi camps
Badges, primarily triangles, were used in Nazi concentration camps in German-occupied countries to identify the reason the prisoners were there. The triangles
Nazi_concentration_camp_badge
Spatial area with high crime incidents
A Crime concentration is a spatial area to which high levels of crime incidents are attributed. A crime concentration can be the result of homogeneous
Crime_concentration
Paramilitary officer's rank in Nazi Germany
concentration camp supervisor, and Waffen-SS platoon commander. Within both the SS and SA, the rank of Obersturmführer was considered the equivalent of
Obersturmführer
Energy-carrying molecule in living cells
with Mg2+ concentration, from ΔG°' = −35.7 kJ/mol at a Mg2+ concentration of zero, to ΔG°' = −31 kJ/mol at [Mg2+] = 5 mM. Higher concentrations of Mg2+
Adenosine_triphosphate
German industrialist and humanitarian (1908–1974)
the easternmost concentration camps and deporting the remaining prisoners westward. Many were murdered at the Auschwitz concentration camp and the Gross-Rosen
Oskar_Schindler
German Nazi leader of the SS (1900–1945)
of the Nazis' racial policies, Himmler was responsible for operating concentration and extermination camps as well as forming the Einsatzgruppen death
Heinrich_Himmler
Time for exponential decay to remove half of a quantity
this kind of reaction does not depend on the substrate concentration, [A]. Thus the concentration decreases linearly. d [ A ] / d t = − k {\displaystyle
Half-life
Measurement of lethal dose of substance
lethal dose, LD50 (abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt50 is a toxic unit that measures the lethal dose of a given
Median_lethal_dose
In the wake of the "Röhm-Putsch", the SS officially took over the concentration camps from the SA and police. Soon thereafter, camp guards began wearing
Uniforms and insignia of the Schutzstaffel
Uniforms_and_insignia_of_the_Schutzstaffel
Carbon-oxygen gas
increase in hydrogen ion concentration in the world's oceans (the pH scale is logarithmic, so a change of one in pH units is equivalent to a tenfold change
Carbon_dioxide
Chemical compound
incorporate the use of "ppm" as another measure for saxitoxin equivalent concentration in mentioned foods. Paradoxically, the chronic and/or repeated
Neosaxitoxin
Country in Northwestern Europe
with 434 people per square kilometre in mid-2021, with a particular concentration in London, the capital, and the south-east. London's wider metropolitan
United_Kingdom
Class of 8 chemically related vitamins
the presence and equivalent concentrations of vitamin E in many substances. For example, they measured the presence, concentration, and rate of decay
Vitamin_E
Concentration camp run by Italy during WWII
transferred to this camp from another Italian concentration camp, the Rab concentration camp, which served as equivalent of the final solution in Mario Roatta's
Gonars_concentration_camp
Units of measure for alcoholic drinks
of measurement for determining amounts of beverage alcohol. Alcohol concentration in beverages is commonly expressed as alcohol by volume (ABV), ranging
Alcohol_measurements
German SS officer (1892–1943)
him to SS-Oberführer (equivalent to senior colonel). On 26 June 1933, Himmler appointed Eicke commandant of the Dachau concentration camp after complaints
Theodor_Eicke
Measuring instrument used in electroplating
allows for a quantitative optimization of additive concentration: 1 gram addition to 267 mL is equivalent to 0.5 oz/gal in the plating tank. Wikimedia Commons
Hull_cell
Capital city of the United States
include El Salvador, Ethiopia, Mexico, Guatemala, and China, with a concentration of Salvadorans in the Mount Pleasant neighborhood. As of 2010, there
Washington,_D.C.
Flavor enhancer (621 or E621)
is combined with food in normal concentrations, and are inconclusive when MSG is added to broth in large concentrations. The European Union classifies
Monosodium_glutamate
Chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react quantitatively
reacts with an equivalent amount of a weak base, HA + B ⇌ A− + BH+ complete neutralization does not always occur. The concentrations of the species in
Neutralization_(chemistry)
Movement of molecules to lower concentration
potential (region of lower solute concentration) to a region of low water potential (region of higher solute concentration), in the direction that tends to
Osmosis
Global conflict from 1939 to 1945
Commissar Order, and subjecting the remainder to forced marches to open-air concentration camps, where they were to be deliberately starved to death. By the end
World_War_II
Country in Eastern Europe and North Asia
dates back to 45,000 years, in Western Siberia. The discovery of high concentration cultural remains of anatomically modern humans, from at least 40,000
Russia
Chemical reagent
concentration; yellow precipitate indicates 1 g% concentration; orange indicates 1.5 g% concentration; and red indicates 2 g% or higher concentration
Benedict's_reagent
Chinese prison camps in the Xinjiang region
vast network of Concentration Camps, prisons, and labor camps were uncovered in East Turkistan. ETNAM uncovered at least 124 concentration camps, 193 prisons
Xinjiang_internment_camps
English actor and filmmaker (1889–1977)
evolve during the whole rest of his career." equivalent to $33,000 in 2025 equivalent to $40,000 in 2025 equivalent to $321,000 in 2025 After leaving Essanay
Charlie_Chaplin
Country in South America
Brazil. In Brazil, forest cover is around 59% of the total land area, equivalent to 496,619,600 hectares (ha) of forest in 2020, down from 588,898,000
Brazil
Chemical compound
(or equivalently 35 Pa). The last equation above fixes the concentration of dissolved CO2 as a function of PCO2, independent of the concentration of dissolved
Calcium_carbonate
Type of probability distribution
\mathbb {P} (|X|\geq t)\leq 2\exp {(-t^{2}/C^{2})}} . There are many equivalent definitions. For example, a random variable X {\displaystyle X} is sub-Gaussian
Sub-Gaussian_distribution
Term used among Jewish prisoners in Nazi concentration camps during World War II
term spread from Auschwitz-Birkenau to other concentration camps. Its equivalent in the Majdanek concentration camp was "Gamel" (derived from the German
Muselmann
German war criminal (1909–1948)
war criminal and SS-Unterscharführer (the SS equivalent to a corporal) serving at Auschwitz concentration camp during the Holocaust in occupied Poland
Fritz_Buntrock
Branch of pharmacology
that places great emphasis on the relationship between drug plasma concentration and the time elapsed since the drug's administration. Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics
Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
a People's Democracy!, promoted Stalin's positions. The Cominform's concentration on Europe meant a deemphasis on world revolution in Soviet foreign policy
Soviet_Union
Stock investor and founder of Baron Capital Group Inc.
2014, the firm had raised its stake to 9.2 percent of the entire club, equivalent to 37.8 percent of the publicly traded shares. In 2014, Baron Capital
Ronald_S._Baron
removed from the human system. It is often abbreviated K or Ke. It is equivalent to the fraction of a substance that is removed per unit time measured
Elimination_rate_constant
Ethnoreligious group
shootings, deportations, concentration camps, and death camps. In Poland, three million were murdered in gas chambers in all concentration camps combined, with
Jews
Derogatory term used in USA
for such European migrants in the United States or other areas with a concentration of wealthy Europeans. Some consider Eurotrash a derogatory term, whereas
Eurotrash_(term)
Chemical compound
advantame water solution is estimated to reach a maximum at a concentration that is equivalent to a 15.8 wt% sucrose water solution. Advantame is formally
Advantame
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EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATION
EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATION
EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATION
EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATION
EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATION
EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATION
EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATION
EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATION
EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATION
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