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Electronic control system
A frequency-lock, or frequency-locked loop (FLL), is an electronic control system that generates a signal that is locked to the frequency of an input
Frequency-locked_loop
Electronic control system
behavior. Costas loop Delay-locked loop (DLL) Direct conversion receiver Direct digital synthesizer Frequency-locked loop Kalman filter PLL multibit Shortt–Synchronome
Phase-locked_loop
Parameter of phase-locked loop engineering
(acquisition range), and lock-in range are widely used by engineers for the concepts of frequency deviation ranges within which phase-locked loop-based circuits
Phase-locked_loop_range
Pseudo-digital circuit
In electronics, a delay-locked loop (DLL) is a pseudo-digital circuit similar to a phase-locked loop (PLL), with the main difference being the absence
Delay-locked_loop
Circuit
of a frequency: f o u t = f i n N {\displaystyle f_{out}={\frac {f_{in}}{N}}} where N {\displaystyle N} is an integer. Phase-locked loop frequency synthesizers
Frequency_divider
Charge-pump phase-locked loop (CP-PLL) is a modification of phase-locked loops with phase-frequency detectors and square waveform signals. A CP-PLL allows
Charge-pump_phase-locked_loop
Improved phase-locked loop
A PLL multibit or multibit PLL is a phase-locked loop (PLL) which achieves improved performance compared to a unibit PLL by using more bits. Unibit PLLs
PLL_multibit
Electrical circuit detecting phase difference
the difference frequency. The Type I detector always produces an output waveform, which must be filtered to control the phase-locked loop voltage-controlled
Phase_detector
Electronic system for generating any of a range of frequencies
synthesis, frequency mixing, and phase-locked loops to generate its frequencies. The stability and accuracy of the frequency synthesizer's output are related
Frequency_synthesizer
Phase-locked loop-based demodulator circuit
A Costas loop is a phase-locked loop (PLL) based circuit which is used for carrier frequency recovery from suppressed-carrier modulation signals (e.g
Costas_loop
Effect on frequency of interacting oscillators
can degrade the performance of phase-locked loops and RF integrated circuits. Injection pulling and injection locking can be observed in numerous physical
Injection_locking
Laser source with equal intervals of spectral lines
mode-locked laser's repetition rate or, alternatively, the modulation frequency), and f 0 {\displaystyle f_{0}} is the carrier offset frequency, which
Frequency_comb
Oscillator with frequency controlled by a voltage input
voltage-controlled. Analog phase-locked loops typically contain VCOs. High-frequency VCOs are usually used in phase-locked loops for radio receivers. Phase
Voltage-controlled_oscillator
Electrical configuration allowing electricity to cross between grounded devices
Phase lock loop circuits are particularly vulnerable because the VCO loop filter circuit is working with sub-microvolt signals when the loop is locked, and
Ground_loop_(electricity)
Small form factor atomic clock
photodetector is used as feedback in a frequency locked loop circuit to keep the oscillator at the correct frequency. Conventional vapor cell atomic clocks
Chip-scale_atomic_clock
Topics referred to by the same term
United States Four Letter Lie, an American post-hardcore band Frequency-locked loop Lebanese Liberation Front (French: Front de Liberation Libanais)
FLL_(disambiguation)
Clock drift Phase noise Automatic frequency control (AFC) Phase-locked loop (PLL) "Frequency Drift". Time and Frequency from A to Z. Boulder, CO, USA: National
Frequency_drift
Process where information about current status is used to influence future status
axis frequency ω and the vertical axis gain. In amplifiers, the loop gain is the difference between the open-loop gain curve and the closed-loop gain
Feedback
Electronic circuit
designing frequency multiplier circuits. Graphene can work over a large frequency range due to its unique characteristics. A phase-locked loop (PLL) uses
Frequency_multiplier
Amplifier design technique
amplifier will oscillate at the frequency at which its open loop gain equals its closed loop gain if, at that frequency, The open loop gain of the amplifier is
Frequency_compensation
Oscillator whose frequency can be tuned over some range
techniques) and a phase detector, a control-loop can be set up so that the VCO's output is frequency-locked to a crystal-controlled reference oscillator
Variable-frequency_oscillator
Way to produce very short laser bursts
to be "phase-locked" or "mode-locked". Although laser light is perhaps the purest form of light, it is not of a single, pure frequency or wavelength
Mode_locking
Two-terminal electronic component
PLL (phase-locked loop) and FLL (frequency-locked loop) circuits, allowing tuning circuits, such as those in television receivers, to lock quickly on
Diode
Method for creating waveforms
synthesizers and as part of a digital phase-locked loop. A basic Direct Digital Synthesizer consists of a frequency reference (often a crystal or SAW oscillator)
Direct_digital_synthesis
Type of radio design
oscillator frequency keeping it in lock with the wanted signal. This type of feedback circuit evolved into what is now known as a phase-locked loop. While
Direct-conversion_receiver
Radio circuit
These maintained sufficiently stable frequencies that AFCs were no longer needed. Frequency drift Phase-locked loop (PLL) Automatic gain control (AGC) Rider
Automatic_frequency_control
Specialty of electronic engineering
the circuit. List of radio electronics topics: RF oscillators: Phase-locked loop, voltage-controlled oscillator Transmitters, transmission lines, transmission
Radio-frequency_engineering
Type of electronic circuit
oscillation frequency can be varied over some range by an input voltage or current. These voltage-controlled oscillators are widely used in phase-locked loops, in
Electronic_oscillator
Device which extracts info from a modulated radio frequency current or voltage
producing a voltage directly proportional to the frequency. A phase-locked loop detector requires no frequency-selective LC network to accomplish demodulation
Detector_(radio)
shift with the additional use of a delay-locked loop. Eliminating clock skew within an FPGA design. Phase-locked loop "Using Digital Clock Managers (DCMs)
Digital_clock_manager
Analog multiplexing technique used in early telephone systems
the two terminals), crystal oscillators with a frequency-locked loop were used. The variable frequency oscillator was implemented with a motor driving
Carrier_telephony
Author
(1929 – 2021) was a well-known expert and author in the area of phase locked loops (PLLs). The first, second, and third editions of his book Phaselock Techniques
Floyd_M._Gardner
Circuit for shortwave receivers to improve reception
drift-canceling loop, also known as a Wadley loop, is a system of two oscillators, a frequency synthesizer, and two frequency mixers in the radio-frequency signal
Wadley_loop
Swedish-American physicist (1889–1976)
generator, and feedback- all the elements of a phase-locked loop. Histories of the phase-locked loop usually begin instead with Henri de Bellescize’s 1932
Harry_Nyquist
Combination of a GPS receiver and a stable oscillator
oscillator by locking the output to a GPS signal via a tracking loop. The disciplining mechanism works in a similar way to a phase-locked loop (PLL), but
GPS-disciplined_oscillator
Frequencies used by electrical components
dividers, frequency multipliers and phase locked loop circuits, it is practical to derive a wide range of frequencies from one reference frequency. The UART
Crystal oscillator frequencies
Crystal_oscillator_frequencies
Extracting timing information in serial communication
from an approximate frequency reference, and then phase-aligns the clock to the transitions in the data stream with a phase-locked loop (PLL). This is one
Clock_recovery
Electronic method of transmitting information with a carrier wave
phase-locked loop can be used as an FM demodulator. Slope detection demodulates an FM signal by using a tuned circuit which has its resonant frequency slightly
Frequency_modulation
Loop that increases an initial effect
feedback, self-reinforcing feedback) is a process that occurs in a feedback loop where the outcome of a process reinforces the inciting process to build momentum
Positive_feedback
Signal generator that produces multiple harmonic outputs
references; the outputs can be used directly, or to synchronize phase-locked loop oscillators. It may be also used to generate a complete set of substitution
Comb_generator
Control concept
a negative feedback loop is used to repeatedly correct accumulated quantization error during conversion. In a phase locked loop (1932), feedback is used
Negative_feedback
Counting circuit component
are typically used at very high frequency to extend the upper frequency range of frequency counters, phase locked loop (PLL) synthesizers, and other counting
Prescaler
Method in digital signal processing
into the DDS. These include: Decision directed carrier recovery phase locked loops in which the I and Q are compared to the nearest ideal constellation
Digital_down_converter
voltage and frequency are set by the performance manager. The phase-locked loop accomplishes the frequency scaling depending on the target frequency set by
Adaptive_voltage_scaling
Radio communications concept
circuit to regenerate a strong carrier or at least synchronise a phase-locked loop but there are forms where the carrier is removed completely, producing
Sideband
Device which uses electromagnetic induction to sense objects
voltage value, while a frequency change may be detected by one of several kinds frequency discriminator circuits, like a phase lock loop detector, to see in
Inductive_sensor
Structurally stable features in coupled oscillation dynamical systems.
Arnold tongues. Sometimes the frequency of oscillation depends on, or is constrained (i.e., phase-locked or mode-locked, in some contexts) based on some
Arnold_tongue
Mixed-signal microcontroller family
controlled oscillator (DCO) with frequency-locked loop (FLL) which provided a stable system clock (1 to 4 MHz) using a low-frequency crystal (32 kHz). This generation
TI_MSP430
Topics referred to by the same term
Hong Kong Tuluksak Airport, Alaska (IATA code TLT) Test loop translator, a type of radio frequency converter Timor Leste Time, the time zone of East Timor
TLT
System in electronic signal processing
accomplished with a simple band-pass filter at the carrier frequency or with a phase-locked loop, or both. However, many modulation schemes make this simple
Carrier_recovery
Tracking and communication system developed by NASA and JPL
frequency ratio was exactly 221/240, with a coherent transponders used. A phase locked loop on the spacecraft multiplied the uplink carrier frequency
Unified_S-band
Electronic tracking technology
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. An RFID system consists
Radio-frequency identification
Radio-frequency_identification
Type of microscopy using a physical probe
a phase-locked loop) to always drive the sensor on resonance (frequency modulation). The two most common modes of nc-AFM operation, frequency modulation
Non-contact atomic force microscopy
Non-contact_atomic_force_microscopy
Laser points of light in the sky for astronomical reference
mesospheric upper atmosphere. The FASOR consists of two single-frequency injection-locked Nd:YAG lasers close to 1064 and 1319 nm that are both resonant
Frequency addition source of optical radiation
Frequency_addition_source_of_optical_radiation
American electrical engineer
Phase-Locking in High-Performance Systems, IEEE Press, (2003) Fundamentals of Microelectronics, Wiley, (2006) Design of CMOS Phase-Locked Loops, Cambridge
Behzad_Razavi
Factor influencing processor clock speed
Boost and Precision Boost. This may be implemented with phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency multiplier circuitry. A CPU with a 10x multiplier will thus see
CPU_multiplier
Crossing in digital electronic design
highest frequency in a synchronous digital system), CPUs that run faster than that speed invariably are single-chip CPUs with a phase-locked loop (PLL)
Clock_domain_crossing
Fundamental building block of control systems
A control loop is the fundamental building block of control systems in general and industrial control systems in particular. It consists of the process
Control_loop
Radar performance enhancement strategy
the track data. Doppler frequency provides an additional feedback signal similar to the feedback used in a phase-locked loop. This improves the accuracy
Pulse-Doppler signal processing
Pulse-Doppler_signal_processing
3–30 kHz range of the electromagnetic spectrum
Very low frequency or VLF is the ITU designation for radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 3–30 kHz, corresponding to wavelengths from 100 to 10 km,
Very_low_frequency
Clock deviation from perfect periodicity
converter. Examples of anti-jitter circuits include phase-locked loop and delay-locked loop. Jitter buffers or de-jitter buffers are buffers used to counter
Jitter
Sub-nanosecond accuracy time transfer using Ethernet
frequency information in data streams, and all other nodes in the system extract this information from the data stream and have a phase-locked loop which
White_Rabbit_Project
Type of FM detector circuit
the amplitude. Slope detector Ratio detector Quadrature detector Phase-locked loop detector Foster, D. E.; Seeley, S. W. (March 1937), "Automatic tuning
Foster–Seeley_discriminator
High-gain voltage amplifier with a differential input
dominant-pole frequency compensation reduces the bandwidth of the op amp even further. When the desired closed-loop gain is high, op-amp frequency compensation
Operational_amplifier
Device used in the transmission of satellite signals
intermediate frequency (IF) to Ku band or C band. Most BUCs use phase-locked loop local oscillators and require an external 10 MHz frequency reference to
Block_upconverter
Electronic circuit
the feedback loop of the system. The modulus of a prescaler is its frequency divisor. A dual-modulus prescaler has two separate frequency divisors, usually
Dual-modulus_prescaler
Effect that limits performance of advanced atomic clocks
and a feedback loop to correct the frequency errors in the LO based on the results of that interrogation; thus locking the frequency of the LO to that
Dick_effect
Electronic test equipment used to generate electrical waveforms
appropriate. Some function generators can be phase-locked to an external signal source (which may be a frequency reference) or another function generator. Function
Function_generator
Relativistic effect due to rotation
beams can result in injection locking, so that the standing wave "gets stuck" in a preferred phase, locking the frequency of each beam to each other rather
Sagnac_effect
Line code used in early magnetic data storage
was the first to directly support MFM using an internal analog phase-locked loop, but it required a number of simple external components to implement
Modified_frequency_modulation
phase-locked loop, a property of the laser oscillator such as the optical path length can be adjusted correspondingly to the obtained offset frequency and
Carrier-envelope_phase
Light-stabilizing technique
used and powerful approach for stabilizing the frequency of light emitted by a laser by means of locking to a stable cavity. The PDH technique has a broad
Pound–Drever–Hall_technique
Kuo-Ken; Wentzloff, David D. (2011-05-24). "A 60GHz Antenna-Referenced Frequency-Locked Loop in 0.13μm CMOS for Wireless Sensor Networks" (PDF). eecs.umich.edu
2011_in_science
Control loop feedback mechanism
PID loop tuning induces an impulse in the system and then uses the controlled system's frequency response to design the PID loop values. In loops with
PID_controller
Type of AC motor
most widely used AC motors. Synchronous motors rotate at a rate locked to the line frequency since they do not rely on induction to produce the rotor's magnetic
Synchronous_motor
Swiss measurement hardware company
operating frequencies up to 8.5 GHz, and system scalability up to 448 channels. Zurich Instruments products include impedance analyzers, phase-locked loops, digitizers
Zurich_Instruments
oscillator "phase synchronized" with a remote transmitter uses a phase-locked loop. Algebraic connectivity Coherence (physics) Kuramoto model Synchronization
Phase_synchronization
Aviation navigation system
separation of the two deviations is small, however, the phase locked loop will become less likely to lock on to the true signal for a larger percentage of the
VHF_omnidirectional_range
Lock opened with a plastic keycard
in case of loss of power. RFID cards contain a small chip and induction loop which the transmitter on the keycard reader can access. The main advantages
Keycard_lock
Device attached to a key or several keys
form of the keyring is a single piece of metal in a 'double loop'. Either end of the loop can be pried open to allow a key to be inserted and slid along
Keychain
Costas loop – Coulomb's law – Counter (digital) – Coupling – Covert channel – Covert listening device – CPU design – CQD – C-QUAM – Critical frequency – Cross
Index_of_electronics_articles
Method of radio direction finding
introduction of practical circuits for the quadrature detector and phase-locked loop, both introduced after the war, which greatly simplified the reception
Doppler radio direction finding
Doppler_radio_direction_finding
Electronic oscillator
Modern continuous spectrometers use automatic frequency control to lock the oscillator to the resonator frequency. In many applications, continuous-wave NMR
Robinson_oscillator
Synthesizer feature
oscillator frequency when they both have similar phases, similar to a phase-locked loop. This form of oscillator sync is less common. This form is very similar
Oscillator_sync
Spreading the frequency domain of a signal
Principal among these is clock/data misalignment, or clock skew. A phase-locked loop on the receiving side needs a high enough bandwidth to correctly track
Spread_spectrum
High-frequency AC generator for radio transmission
motor slows down. Thus the alternator output frequency is "locked" to the tuned circuit resonant frequency. The sets were built to operate at wavelengths
Alexanderson_alternator
Type of radio receiver
remnants of the intermediate frequency. FM signals may be detected using a discriminator, ratio detector, or phase-locked loop. Continuous wave and single
Superheterodyne_receiver
Device in signal processing
usually relatively low frequency, such as 10 MHz (or 100 ns resolution). To obtain higher resolution, a phase-locked loop frequency multiplier is sometimes
Time-to-digital_converter
Type of demodulator
local oscillator can be synchronized with the carrier using a phase-locked loop in a synchronous detector arrangement. For SSB, the only solution is
Product_detector
Electronic device/component that increases the strength of a signal
indicates an integrated feedback loop to actively control the output at some desired level. A DC servo indicates use at frequencies down to DC levels, where the
Amplifier
Phenomenon in nonlinear optics
interfering frequencies are produced, three of which lie on one of the original incoming frequencies. Note that these three frequencies which lie at
Four-wave_mixing
Brainwaves with frequencies larger than 80 Hz
High-frequency oscillations (HFO) are brain waves of the frequency faster than ~80 Hz, generated by neuronal cell population. High-frequency oscillations
High-frequency_oscillations
acquired while in locked operation, to control its output. The stored data are used to control phase and frequency variations, allowing the locked condition to
Holdover in synchronization applications
Holdover_in_synchronization_applications
Type of radar system
Track mode works like a phase-locked loop, where Doppler velocity is compared with the range movement on successive scans. Lock indicates the difference between
Pulse-Doppler_radar
though the FSB clock speed is only 400 MHz (cycles per second). A phase-locked loop in the CPU then multiplies the FSB clock by a factor in order to get
Pumping_(computer_systems)
Oscillator used to change Signal frequency in electronics
the result. Phase-locked loops are an alternative means of generating precise LO frequencies. By synchronizing with another frequency source, this method
Local_oscillator
Electronic oscillator circuit
receivers now use other frequency crystals for the color decoder). Using frequency dividers, frequency multipliers and phase-locked loop circuits, it is practical
Crystal_oscillator
The final solution to the synchronization problem came with the phase-locked loop. Once available, analog TVs, modems, tape drives, VCRs, and other common
Synchronization in telecommunications
Synchronization_in_telecommunications
Type of radio antenna
higher frequency (smaller) quad loops can be nested in lower frequency (bigger) quad loops, allowing operation on as many bands as there are nested loops. Lower
Quad_antenna
Brainwaves, repetitive patterns of neural activity in the central nervous system
intervals. One notable mechanism for achieving this is the neuronal phase-locked loop (NPLL). In this mechanism, cortical oscillators undergo modulation influenced
Neural_oscillation
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FREQUENCY LOCKED-LOOP
FREQUENCY LOCKED-LOOP
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English
Lives by the Stronghold; Surname Referring to a Lock; Locksmith; Woods; Fortified Place
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly Dorset)
English (mainly Dorset) : occupational name for a locksmith, from an agent derivative of Middle English, Old English loc ‘lock’, ‘fastening’ (see Lock, and compare Locker).
Surname or Lastname
English (also frequent in Wales)
English (also frequent in Wales) : patronymic from the personal name Watkin.
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon and Somerset)
English (Devon and Somerset) : from a diminutive of Cocke.
Boy/Male
English
Lives by tbe stronghold. Surname referring to a lock or locksmith.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a locksmith, from an agent derivative of Middle English, Old English loc ‘lock’, ‘fastening’ (see Lock).English : topographic name for someone who lived by a lock or enclosure, from a derivative of Middle English loke (see Lock 2).English : variant of Luker.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for someone who had to watch or look after something (see Luker).
Surname or Lastname
German (Blöcker)
German (Blöcker) : occupational name for a jailer (see Block 1).English : occupational name for a shoemaker or bookbinder (see Block); a person called Henry le Blocker is recorded in York in 1212. However, in some cases the English name is of German origin (see 1 above); the census of 1881 records, amongst others, a Herman Blocker and a John Blocker, both born in Germany.
Surname or Lastname
English, Dutch, and German
English, Dutch, and German : variant of Lock.Dutch (van Locke) : habitational name from any of various places called Loock, from look ‘enclosure’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a spinner or a maker of distaffs, from an agent derivative of Middle English rok ‘distaff’ (see Rock).German : from a Germanic personal name based on hrÅd ‘renown’.habitational name from a farm named Rokken in Pustertal, south Tyrol (Italy).German (Röcker) : from a topographic name or a place name Röcke (formerly Roke) near Bückeburg, Lower Saxony.
Surname or Lastname
English (Somerset)
English (Somerset) : apparently a habitational name from an unidentified place, probably in southern England.
Surname or Lastname
English (West Midlands)
English (West Midlands) : habitational name from some minor place, such as Lockleywood in Hinstock, Shropshire, which is named from Old English loc(a) ‘enclosure’ + lēah ‘wood’, ‘glade’.
Surname or Lastname
North German (Lücken)
North German (Lücken) : patronymic from the personal name Lück (see Luck 2).English : variant of Lovekin, from a pet form of Love 1 or 2.
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
Scottish and English
Scottish and English : variant of Lockhart 1 and 2.English : from Middle English Locward ‘keeper of the fold’, from Old English, Middle English loc ‘enclosure’, ‘fold’ + Middle English ward ‘guardian’, ‘keeper’ (Old English weard)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a topographic name for someone living in the Lickey Hills, southwest of Birmingham.Perhaps an altered spelling of Scottish Leckie.
Male
Scottish
Pet form of Scottish Lùcas, LOCKIE means "from Lucania."Â
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Luker.Belgian (van Loker) : habitational name from Loker in West Flanders.
Girl/Female
British, English
Stronghold
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a bellicose person, from Middle English cock ‘to fight’, ‘to wrangle’ (a derivative of Old English cocc ‘cock’).English : occupational name for someone who was skilled in building haystacks, from Middle English cock ‘heap of hay’ (of Old Norse origin, or from an Old English cocc ‘mound’, ‘hill’).Probably an Americanized spelling of German Kocher.
FREQUENCY LOCKED-LOOP
FREQUENCY LOCKED-LOOP
FREQUENCY LOCKED-LOOP
FREQUENCY LOCKED-LOOP
FREQUENCY LOCKED-LOOP
FREQUENCY LOCKED-LOOP
FREQUENCY LOCKED-LOOP
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