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Principal bundle formulation of the Higgs field
breaking, a vacuum Higgs field, and its associated fundamental particle the Higgs boson are quantum phenomena. A vacuum Higgs field is responsible for
Higgs_field_(classical)
Mechanism that explains the generation of mass for gauge bosons
The Higgs field resolves this conundrum. The simplest description of the mechanism adds to the Standard Model a quantum field (the Higgs field), which
Higgs_mechanism
Elementary particle involved with rest mass
The Higgs boson, sometimes called the Higgs particle, is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics produced by the quantum excitation
Higgs_boson
Physical theory describing classical fields
equations Quantum field theory Classical unified field theories Variational methods in general relativity Higgs field (classical) Lagrangian (field theory) Hamiltonian
Classical_field_theory
Topics referred to by the same term
Higgs field, a quantum field Higgs field (classical) Higgs mechanism, an explanation for electroweak symmetry breaking Higgs phase Higgs sector Higgs
Higgs
Symmetry breaking through the vacuum state
gravitation theory Goldstone boson Grand Unified Theory Higgs mechanism Higgs boson Higgs field (classical) Irreversibility Magnetic catalysis of chiral symmetry
Spontaneous_symmetry_breaking
Classical field theories on fiber bundles
In mathematical physics, covariant classical field theory represents classical fields by sections of fiber bundles, and their dynamics is phrased in the
Covariant classical field theory
Covariant_classical_field_theory
Field theory in physics that aims to unify the fundamental forces and particles
fundamental scalar field, the Higgs field, the quanta of which are called Higgs bosons. The first successful classical unified field theory was developed by
Unified_field_theory
Attempt to extend Yang–Mills theory to gravity
X. These sections are treated as classical Higgs fields. The idea of the pseudo-Riemannian metric as a Higgs field appeared while constructing non-linear
Gauge_gravitation_theory
Alternative models to the Standard Higgs Model are models which are considered by many particle physicists to solve some of the Higgs boson's existing problems
Alternatives to the Standard Higgs Model
Alternatives_to_the_Standard_Higgs_Model
Book by Leonard Susskind
four of six core courses devoted to classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, special relativity and classical field theory, general relativity, cosmology
The_Theoretical_Minimum
Most basic type of physical force
the short-range weak interaction, and the Higgs boson. In the Higgs mechanism, the Higgs field manifests Higgs bosons that interact with some quantum particles
Fundamental_interaction
Field theory of scalar fields
scalar quantum field that has been observed in nature is the Higgs field. However, scalar quantum fields feature in the effective field theory descriptions
Scalar_field_theory
Scientific field of study
the Higgs boson. In July 2012 CERN, the European laboratory for particle physics, announced the detection of a particle consistent with the Higgs boson
Physics
Theoretical framework in physics
acquire mass through spontaneous symmetry breaking of the Higgs boson, a process called the Higgs mechanism. All experimentally known symmetries in nature
Quantum_field_theory
values of the electromagnetic field that differ from the classically "allowed" values distant from the sources of the field. Their analysis was crucial
History of quantum field theory
History_of_quantum_field_theory
Lowest possible energy of a quantum system or field
turn gives rise to the Higgs mechanism and triggers the acquisition of mass by those particles interacting with the field. The Higgs mechanism occurs whenever
Zero-point_energy
Effort to prove or disprove the existence of particle
the Higgs boson was a 40-year effort by physicists to prove the existence or non-existence of the Higgs boson, first theorised in the 1960s. The Higgs boson
Search_for_the_Higgs_boson
Field with an imaginary mass
least one field with imaginary mass, the Higgs field, is believed to exist. Under no circumstances do any excitations of tachyonic fields ever propagate
Tachyonic_field
Application of Lagrangian mechanics to field theories
Lagrangian field theory is a formalism in classical field theory. It is the field-theoretic analogue of Lagrangian mechanics. Lagrangian mechanics is used
Lagrangian_(field_theory)
Mathematics of a particle physics model
{\displaystyle W_{3}} , and B; the gluon field, Ga; and the Higgs field, φ. That these are quantum rather than classical fields has the mathematical consequence
Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model
Mathematical_formulation_of_the_Standard_Model
Theory of fundamental physics
Higgs boson itself; Higgs boson does not exist: then the weak bosons acquire mass by directly interacting with the vacuum condensate. Thus, the Higgs
Superfluid_vacuum_theory
Gauge symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken
the validity of the Higgs mechanism. In the usual presentation, the Higgs field has a potential that appears to give the Higgs field a non-vanishing vacuum
Elitzur's_theorem
Hypothetical vacuum, less stable than true vacuum
of the masses of the theoretical Higgs boson and the heaviest fermion. Discovery of the top quark in 1995 and the Higgs boson in 2012 have allowed physicists
False_vacuum
Category of theories
Classical physics consists of scientific theories in the field of physics that are non-quantum or both non-quantum and non-relativistic, depending on the
Classical_physics
Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale
biology, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science. Quantum mechanics can describe many systems that classical physics cannot
Quantum_mechanics
Class of subatomic particle
bosons: One scalar boson (spin = 0) H0 Higgs boson – the particle that contributes to the phenomenon of mass via the Higgs mechanism Four vector bosons (spin
Boson
Function that encodes the dependence of a coupling parameter on the energy scale
theories is conformal field theory. The coupling parameters of a quantum field theory can run even if the corresponding classical field theory is scale-invariant
Beta_function_(physics)
Controversies around the Nobel Prize in Physics
discovery of the Higgs mechanism and Higgs boson. These PRL papers were written by 1) Robert Brout and François Englert, 2) Peter Higgs, and 3) Gerald Guralnik
Nobel Prize in Physics controversies
Nobel_Prize_in_Physics_controversies
Scalar–fermion interaction
acquire a mass proportional to the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field. This Higgs–fermion coupling was first described by Steven Weinberg in 1967
Yukawa_coupling
Interaction between subatomic particles
instead those "extra" three Higgs bosons become incorporated into the three weak bosons, which then acquire mass through the Higgs mechanism. These three composite
Weak_interaction
Timeline of electromagnetism and classical optics lists, within the history of electromagnetism, the associated theories, technology, and events. 28th
Timeline of electromagnetism and classical optics
Timeline_of_electromagnetism_and_classical_optics
Physics theory about the origin of mass
the unhiggs models posit that the Higgs sector and Higgs boson are scaling invariant. UV-Completion by Classicalization, in which the unitarization of the
Mass_generation
excitations of these fields. To differentiate from quantum field theory, previously developed field theories were called classical field theories. The first
History of classical field theory
History_of_classical_field_theory
Space of vacuum states
of all possible string backgrounds. In general quantum field theories, even if the classical potential energy is minimized over a large set of possible
Moduli_(physics)
theory with the Higgs-Mechanism of Symmetry Breakdown for mass generation, which led to a scalar-tensor theory with Higgs field as scalar field, in which the
Scalar theories of gravitation
Scalar_theories_of_gravitation
Historical development of physics
Chicago Peter Higgs was one of six physicists, working in three independent groups, who, in 1964, invented the notion of the Higgs field ("cosmic molasses")
History_of_physics
American-born Belgian physicist (1928–2011)
all-pervasive field that is now known as the Higgs field, and that the interactions occur via particles that are widely known as Higgs bosons. These Higgs bosons
Robert_Brout
Peter Higgs was one of six physicists, working in three independent groups, who in 1964 invented the notion of the cosmic molasses, or Higgs field. The
History_of_subatomic_physics
Italian physicist (born 1968)
discovery of the Higgs boson, with Giovanni Ridolfi and Alessandro Strumia, he performed the first analysis of the stability of the Higgs potential beyond
Gino_Isidori
British computer scientist (born 1959)
University of Edinburgh, with a thesis on quantum field theory supervised by David Wallace and Peter Higgs. Bishop investigates machine learning, in which
Christopher_Bishop
Potential arising from loop effects
of the Higgs mechanism. On the other hand, if the squared mass is positive, m 2 > 0 {\displaystyle m^{2}>0} the vacuum expectation of the field ϕ {\displaystyle
Coleman–Weinberg_potential
American mathematician (born 1937)
mathematical proof of an aspect of the abelian Higgs mechanism. Namely, he showed that symmetry breaking in the abelian Higgs model induces a gap in the mass spectrum
Arthur_Jaffe
Process in quantum mechanical theories
quantizing the shifted field. This construction is utilized in the Higgs mechanism in the Standard Model of particle physics. The classical theory is described
Canonical_quantization
British physicist (1932–2016)
that can be formed. He is most noted for his co-discovery of the Higgs mechanism and Higgs boson with Gerald Guralnik and C. R. Hagen. As part of Physical
Tom_Kibble
Process in particle physics
classical interpretation of an imaginary mass, the mass is not quantized. Rather, the scalar field is; even for tachyonic quantum fields, the field operators
Tachyon_condensation
Energy difference between ground state and lightest excited state(s)
for massless theories, already at the classical level, can be seen in spontaneous breaking of symmetry or the Higgs mechanism. In the former case, one has
Mass_gap
Electric and magnetic fields produced by moving charged objects
of the Cosmos. New York: Random House. Ch. 3, §§ "Force", "Matter", and "The Higgs Field". Media related to Electromagnetic field at Wikimedia Commons
Electromagnetic_field
2009 – Planck begins observations of cosmic microwave background 2012 – Higgs boson found by the Compact Muon Solenoid and ATLAS experiments at the Large
Timeline of fundamental physics discoveries
Timeline_of_fundamental_physics_discoveries
Hypothetical elementary particle that mediates gravity
et al. (Particle Data Group) (2024). "Review of Particle Physics: Gauge and Higgs bosons" (PDF). Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics. Archived
Graviton
Type of integrable system
{\displaystyle L} -twisted Higgs bundles is recovered as the section stack H i g g s = S e c t ( C , ( g / G ) L ) {\displaystyle Higgs=Sect(C,({\mathfrak {g}}/G)_{L})}
Hitchin_system
Physical theory with fields invariant under the action of local "gauge" Lie groups
true gauge principle with new gauge fields. Historically, these ideas were first stated in the context of classical electromagnetism and later in general
Gauge_theory
Extension of quantum field theory to curved spacetime
quantum gravity. This approach studies the interaction of quantum fields in a fixed classical spacetime and among other things predicts the creation of particles
Quantum field theory in curved spacetime
Quantum_field_theory_in_curved_spacetime
by way of the Higgs mechanism, provides mass to all the elementary subatomic particles that interact with it. While the Higgs field is postulated to
Timeline of atomic and subatomic physics
Timeline_of_atomic_and_subatomic_physics
Scientific research articles
François Englert; Peter Higgs; and Gerald Guralnik, C. Richard Hagen, and Tom Kibble (GHK). They are credited with the theory of the Higgs mechanism and the
1964 PRL symmetry breaking papers
1964_PRL_symmetry_breaking_papers
pointing up, down, or somewhere in between, in classical mechanics, a magnet thrown through a magnetic field may be deflected a small or large distance upwards
History_of_quantum_mechanics
Lower energy limit in string theory
In the classical bosonic sector of a supersymmetric field theory, the Bogomol'nyi–Prasad–Sommerfield (BPS) bound (named after Evgeny Bogomolny, M.K. Prasad
Bogomol'nyi–Prasad–Sommerfield bound
Bogomol'nyi–Prasad–Sommerfield_bound
Quantum version of the classical action
In quantum field theory, the quantum effective action is a modified expression for the classical action taking into account quantum corrections while
Effective_action
Quantum field theory
mass but the classical waves of the field travel at the speed of light. More unsolved problems in physics Yang–Mills theory is a quantum field theory for
Yang–Mills_theory
Physics developed since 1900
physics Classical physics Distinction between classical and modern physics Quantum mechanics Theory of relativity Quantum field theory Unified field theory
Modern_physics
Rule forbidding the coherence of certain states
sectors of the vacuum are labeled by the direction of the Higgs field. Since different Higgs directions are related by an exact symmetry, they are all
Superselection
developed before 1900 so the term classical mechanics refers to that historical era as well as the approximations. Other fields of physics that were developed
History of classical mechanics
History_of_classical_mechanics
Branons, scalar fields predicted in brane world models. Composite Higgs, models that consider the Higgs boson to be a composite particle. Higgs doublets are
List of hypothetical particles
List_of_hypothetical_particles
Amount of matter present in an object
believed to be a result of their coupling with the Higgs boson in what is known as the Brout–Englert–Higgs mechanism. There are several distinct phenomena
Mass
Hypothetical particle
speculate on the view of the apparent resemblance between the dilaton and the Higgs boson. However, there needs more experimentation to resolve the relationship
Dilaton
Physical field theory with no forces/interactions
a free field is a field without interactions, which is described by the terms of motion and mass. In classical physics, a free field is a field whose equations
Free_field
Comprehensive physical model
theories predict that for each electroweak Higgs doublet, there is a corresponding colored Higgs triplet field with a very small mass (many orders of magnitude
Grand_Unified_Theory
Theory in physics with scalars and tensors both describing a force or interaction
particles interacting with the Higgs field). Zee proposed the Higgs field of SM as scalar field and so the Higgs field to generate the gravitational constant
Scalar–tensor_theory
Theory of quantum gravity merging quantum mechanics and general relativity
that, at the classical level, solving the admissibility conditions and evolution equations was equivalent to solving all of Einstein's field equations,
Loop_quantum_gravity
1920 debate between Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis on whether there were other galaxies
Classical physics Astronomy timeline Electromagnetism timeline Electrical engineering Maxwell's equations Fluid mechanics timeline Aerodynamics Field
Great_Debate_(astronomy)
British theoretical physicist
Mathematical Physics from Edinburgh University under supervision of Peter Higgs, and later an SERC fellowship. In 1967 he went to the University of Kent
Lewis_Ryder
Breakdown of conformal symmetry at the quantum level
quantum phenomenon that breaks the conformal symmetry of the classical theory. In quantum field theory when we set Planck constant ℏ {\displaystyle \hbar
Conformal_anomaly
Topological quantum field theory
"Hamiltonian, path integral and BRST formulations of the Chern-Simons-Higgs theory under appropriate gauge fixing". Physica Scripta . 79 (4) 045001
Chern–Simons_theory
Part of the history of physics
the mid-20th century, the concept of entropy has found application in the field of information theory, describing an analogous loss of data in information
History_of_entropy
Particle smaller than an atom
The Higgs boson. All of these have now been discovered through experiments, with the latest being the top quark (1995), tau neutrino (2000), and Higgs boson
Subatomic_particle
Relativistic quantum mechanical wave equation
arises in describing the time evolution of a spinor field in classical field theory. Such a field theory would have to lift the Lorentz group to the special
Dirac_equation
Possible outcome of renormalization in physics
positive role in motivation of experiments for searching the Higgs boson. At present, when the Higgs boson is discovered, the triviality bound is not actual
Quantum_triviality
Force resulting from the quantisation of a field
a classical description, the lack of an external field means that no field exists between the plates, and no force connects them. When this field is
Casimir_effect
Hypothetical physical concept
approach can reproduce features of the Standard Model, including the Higgs field, from purely geometric data. Asymptotic safety, a concept developed by
Theory_of_everything
kinematics, avoiding the need for any reference to a luminiferous aether in classical electrodynamics. Before Einstein's paper Galilean relativity applied to
History_of_special_relativity
and Abdus Salam incorporated the Higgs mechanism into Glashow's electroweak theory, giving it its modern form. The Higgs mechanism is believed to give rise
History of electromagnetic theory
History_of_electromagnetic_theory
List of important events in the history of astronomy
described motion of physical objects based on their affinity with one of four classical elements: earth, water, air, or fire. The astronomer Shi Shen is believed
Timeline_of_astronomy
diffractive optics began. These earlier studies on optics are now known as "classical optics". The term "modern optics" refers to areas of optical research
History_of_optics
Newton published his Principia, which not only laid the foundations for classical mechanics and gravitation but also explained a variety of geophysical
History_of_geophysics
Public dispute between Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz (beginning 1699)
16–20. Арнольд 1989, p. 33. Boyer 1949, pp. 99–112. THE GEOMETRY OF STATIC FIELDS. Archived from the original on 3 March 2024. Retrieved 11 May 2025. Blank
Leibniz–Newton calculus controversy
Leibniz–Newton_calculus_controversy
Technique in quantum field theory
background field method is a useful procedure to calculate the effective action of a quantum field theory by expanding a quantum field around a classical "background"
Background_field_method
Aspect of astrophysics history
Work on the semi-classical limit, the continuum limit, and dynamics was intense after this, but progress was slower. On the semi-classical limit front, the
History of loop quantum gravity
History_of_loop_quantum_gravity
The following is a timeline of the history of classical mechanics: 4th century BC – Aristotle invents the system of Aristotelian physics, which is later
Timeline of classical mechanics
Timeline_of_classical_mechanics
to predict the Higgs boson mass around 170 GeV and postdict the top quark mass. In August 2008, Tevatron experiments excluded a Higgs mass of 158 to 175 GeV/c2
Noncommutative_standard_model
Theory of the strong nuclear interactions
symmetry UA(1) is exact in the classical theory, but broken in the quantum theory, an occurrence called an anomaly. Gluon field configurations called instantons
Quantum_chromodynamics
Phenomenon within general relativity
mechanically than classically, which Poisson and Balbinot theorized could in turn influence the mass function. The existence of the Higgs field also affects
Mass_inflation
Symmetry between bosons and fermions
the Higgs mass squared in the Standard Model, the quantum mechanical interactions of the Higgs boson causes a large renormalization of the Higgs mass
Supersymmetry
helping Isaac Newton formulate his law of universal gravitation. Newton's classical mechanics were superseded in the early 20th century, when Einstein developed
History of gravitational theory
History_of_gravitational_theory
original on 2015-05-19. Retrieved 2015-04-23. Castelvecchi, Davide (2014). "Higgs hunter will be CERN's first female director: Italian physicist Fabiola Gianotti
Women_in_physics
Type of massless subatomic particle
degree of freedom. This is described in the Standard Model through the Higgs mechanism. An analogous phenomenon occurs in superconductivity, which served
Goldstone_boson
Conjectured dark matter in cosmology
In astrophysics and cosmology scalar field dark matter is a classical, minimally coupled, scalar field postulated to account for the inferred dark matter
Scalar_field_dark_matter
1938 achievement in physics
Classical physics Astronomy timeline Electromagnetism timeline Electrical engineering Maxwell's equations Fluid mechanics timeline Aerodynamics Field
Discovery_of_nuclear_fission
Wave equations respecting special and general relativity
the field-theoretic Euler–Lagrange equations (see classical field theory for background). In the Schrödinger picture, the wave function or field is the
Relativistic_wave_equations
Formulation of the quantum many-body problem
rather than a classical spinor field which, when quantized (like the scalar field), yielded a fermionic quantum field (vs. a bosonic quantum field). One is
Second_quantization
Group of scientists
Classical physics Astronomy timeline Electromagnetism timeline Electrical engineering Maxwell's equations Fluid mechanics timeline Aerodynamics Field
Via_Panisperna_boys
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HIGGS FIELD-CLASSICAL
HIGGS FIELD-CLASSICAL
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Wigg.
Boy/Male
English
In the field.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Digges.
Girl/Female
Indian
Hay field
Boy/Male
English
Gathering field; meeting field.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Figg.
Boy/Male
African, American, Anglo, Australian, British, Christian, English, Jamaican
Battlefield; Spear Field; Triangular Field
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived on land which had been cleared of forest, but not brought into cultivation, from Old English feld ‘pasture’, ‘open country’, as opposed on the one hand to æcer ‘cultivated soil’, ‘enclosed land’ (see Acker) and on the other to weald ‘wooded land’, ‘forest’ (see Wald).Possibly also Scottish or Irish : reduced form of McField (see McPhail).Jewish (American) : Americanized and shortened form of any of the many Jewish surnames containing Feld.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English
A Field
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a large or stout person, Middle English bigge + unexplained -s.English : records of names such as William de Bigges (Cambridgeshire 1327) and Laurentia atte Bigge (Somerset 1327) suggest that it must also have a topographic or habitational origin, but the etymology is obscure.Scottish and northern Irish : variant of Beggs.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Hay field
Surname or Lastname
English
English : apparently a variant of Tigg, itself a variant of Tagg.
Boy/Male
English
Pasture; field.
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Son of Rigg
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Hick.
Surname or Lastname
English (Leicester)
English (Leicester) : perhaps a variant of Higgs.
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English
Field with Ferns; Fern Field
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from Middle English feldes, plural or possessive of feld ‘open country’. This name is also found as a translation of equivalent names in other languages, in particular French Deschamps, Duchamp.
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English
Field with Ferns; Fern Field
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Field.
HIGGS FIELD-CLASSICAL
HIGGS FIELD-CLASSICAL
HIGGS FIELD-CLASSICAL
HIGGS FIELD-CLASSICAL
HIGGS FIELD-CLASSICAL
HIGGS FIELD-CLASSICAL
HIGGS FIELD-CLASSICAL
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