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Non-standard language usage
In sociolinguistics, hypercorrection is the nonstandard use of language that results from the overapplication of a perceived rule of language-usage prescription
Hypercorrection
Hypercorrection is the higher likelihood of correcting a general knowledge error when originally certain that their information is accurate, as opposed
Hypercorrection_(psychology)
Type of linguistic hypercorrection
§ Brackets and transcription delimiters. A hyperforeignism is a type of hypercorrection where speakers identify an inaccurate pattern in loanwords from a foreign
Hyperforeignism
Eighth letter of the Latin alphabet
example "an H-bomb" or "a H-bomb". The pronunciation /heɪtʃ/ may be a hypercorrection formed by analogy with the names of the other letters of the alphabet
H
Sign pointing to or indexing an object in its context
mother-in-law. Hypercorrection is defined by Wolfram as "the use of speech form on the basis of false analogy." DeCamp defines hypercorrection in a more precise
Indexicality
Phrase that transgresses the rules of grammar
is just between you and I" for "This is just between you and me" (hypercorrection to avoid the correct "you and me" form in the predicate of copulative
Solecism
Bite-sized hors d'œuvre
amuse-bouche is not even listed in most dictionaries, being a euphemistic hypercorrection that appeared in the 1980s on restaurant menus and used almost only
Amuse-bouche
Purposeful use of lower-status speech to appear less intelligible or strike rapport
two types of phonetically motivated mechanisms: hypocorrection and hypercorrection. A hypocorrective sound change occurs when a listener fails to identify
Hypocorrection
Phrase
you and me'], but that did not make it any more correct". The term hypercorrection, in this context, refers to grammatically incorrect usage, and is typically
Between_you_and_I
Pronunciation change in English between 1350 and 1700
of French loanwords was a major factor in the shift. Middle-class hypercorrection: Yet others assert that because of the increasing prestige of French
Great_Vowel_Shift
Tenth letter of the Latin alphabet
pronunciation, making the use of /ʒ/ an instance of hyperforeignism, a type of hypercorrection. Occasionally, ⟨j⟩ represents its original /j/ sound, as in Hallelujah
J
Lack of confidence about one's way of speaking
English but did so unsuccessfully and thus engaged in hypercorrection. In addition to hypercorrection, code-switching may also be performed by people who
Linguistic_insecurity
Process of not pronouncing an "h" sound
H-adding, is found in certain situations, sometimes as an allophone or hypercorrection by H-dropping speakers, and sometimes as a spelling pronunciation or
H-dropping
Modern writing system of 33 letters
usual after vowels; but the pronunciation is counter-etymological: a hypercorrection that has become standard). But many other words are pronounced with
Russian_alphabet
Linguistic concept
from OE hūs-wīf 'house-wife' > hussif (> 'hussy') > LME house-wife. Hypercorrections may also become established in a language, leading to a further kind
Analogical_change
Numbers in the Roman numeral system
German legions including 'XVIII PR'—surely here the stonecutter's hypercorrection for IIXX PR. Bede: The Reckoning of Time. Translated by Wallis, Faith
Roman_numerals
Accent and dialect of English in the Liverpool City Region
Welsh English-like strut–schwa merger. However, this often leads to hypercorrection, so that good luck may be pronounced [ˌɡəd ˈɫʊk]. Words such as grass
Scouse
Comune in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
sense to mean 'hill'. The Slovene name Videm (with final -m) is a hypercorrection of the local Slovene name Vidan (with final -n), based on settlements
Udine
Persian religion founded in the 3rd century AD
and fragmentary texts have survived. The spelling Manichaeism is a hypercorrection of Manichaism, which derives from Koine Greek Μανιχαϊσμός(Manikhaïsmós)
Manichaeism
Summary of career
claim that the Latin plural should be curricula vitarum is in fact a hypercorrection based on superficial knowledge of Latin; although it would be technically
Curriculum_vitae
Outline and summary of topics to be covered in an education or training course
source?] The apparent change from sitty- to sylla- is explained as a hypercorrection by analogy to συλλαμβάνω (syllambano 'bring together, gather'). Chambers
Syllabus
Process of reinterpretive word formation
Expressive loan False etymology False friend Folk linguistics Hobson-Jobson Hypercorrection Hyperforeignism Johannes Goropius Becanus Nirukta Okay Phono-semantic
Folk_etymology
buses are often called "camioneta" or "trambilla" (the latter being a hypercorrection of "tranvía"). They are often modified and brightly decorated to transport
Bus transport in Central America
Bus_transport_in_Central_America
Disputes over "correct" grammar and style
instead of "He gave the ball to Bob and me". This is often called a hypercorrection, since it is perceived as related to avoidance of the stigmatized incorrect
English_usage_controversies
Lect associated with a certain ethnic or cultural subgroup
linguistic choice is apparent in ethnic hypercorrection. Ethnic hypercorrection is a subclass of linguistic hypercorrection, and refers to the over-application
Ethnolect
Personal pronoun that is used as the subject of a verb
the store.) This is corrected so often that it has led to cases of hypercorrection, where the subject pronoun is used even in object position under coordination
Subject_pronoun
Heated red wine with spices
in the north (navegado, lit. 'sailor'; 'navigated' is considered a hypercorrection). Navega'o is a hot drink made from red wine, orange peels, cinnamon
Mulled_wine
English pronoun
overt prestige in writing." Whom is also sometimes used by way of hypercorrection, in places where it would not even be considered correct according
Who_(pronoun)
Stable natural languages that have developed from a pidgin
post-creole speech continuum characterized by large-scale variation and hypercorrection in the language. It is generally acknowledged that creoles have a simpler
Creole_language
Conclusion made on the basis of one or few instances of a phenomenon
redirect targets Generalization error – Measure of algorithm accuracy Hypercorrection – Non-standard language usage Package-deal fallacy – Logical fallacy
Faulty_generalization
Alphabet of the Arabic language
tanwīn sign on the final r, but actually pronouncing it would be a hypercorrection. Also, it is never correct to write a sukūn on that r, even though
Arabic_alphabet
Gnostic religion
Jean-Baptiste Tavernier from the 1650s. The English spelling Mandaeism is a hypercorrection of Mandaism, which is built on manda using the suffix -ism. The word
Mandaeism
Island in the Mediterranean Sea
was later modified by central Catalan scribes through a process of hypercorrection, resulting in the form Mallorca, which eventually became the standard
Mallorca
Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
be pronounced, although in French it is often mispronounced due to hypercorrection. Chamonix is the fourth-largest commune in metropolitan France, with
Chamonix
Germanic language
pronouncing them very difficult for native speakers. That often causes hypercorrection of the /h/ sounds to a /x/ or /ɣ/. Standard Dutch also has many words
West_Flemish
Pronouncing "l" sounds as vowels
to /o/, resulting in pronunciations like /ˈbɒto/ (for bottle). By hypercorrection, however, some words originally ending in /o/ were given an /l/: the
L-vocalization
Pidgin-style saying
existed in Europe since the Middle Ages. Cargo cult science Echolalia Hypercorrection Imitation Mimic octopus Mirror neurons in monkeys Three wise monkeys
Monkey_see,_monkey_do
American English writing style guide
The Elements of Style for promoting linguistic prescriptivism and hypercorrection among Anglophones, and called it "the book that ate America's brain"
The_Elements_of_Style
Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998
simplistic language, and (slight) local Palatinate dialect including hypercorrections. Similar to historical French cartoons of Louis-Philippe of France
Helmut_Kohl
Cluster of varieties of Arabic spoken in Yemen and southwestern Saudi Arabia
instance of the relevant phonemes, in Sudan, it is usually a form of hypercorrection that takes place only in certain classical words. In Sudan, the phoneme
Yemeni_Arabic
Furthermore, the process was also influenced by interdialectal forms, hypercorrections and spelling pronunciations. Highland English has been influenced by
Languages_of_Scotland
Grammatical usage debate
language practices. Descriptive grammarians consider this to be a case of hypercorrection as explained in Pocket Fowler's Modern English Usage. In 2008, British
Fewer_versus_less
Club of less than arm's length
Romani kašt, piece of wood, timber; akin to Sanskrit kāṣṭham, perhaps hypercorrection of Prakrit kaṭṭha, from earlier Indic *kṣṭa {{cite web}}: |last= has
Baton_(law_enforcement)
Surname list
pronounced. Nevertheless, it is often pronounced in French through hypercorrection. Notable people with the surname include: Jean-Baptiste Bernaz (born
Bernaz
Surname list
the place names such as Zalewo, Zalewsze, or Zalew. It may also be a hypercorrection of the surname Zaleski. The Germanised version of this surname is Salewski
Zalewski
Punctuation or diacritical mark (')
possessive forms of most English nouns. It is often criticised as a form of hypercorrection coming from a widespread ignorance of the proper use of the apostrophe
Apostrophe
Variety of English language
English words. This is why approximations are very common, along with hypercorrections and hyperforeignisms. The most distinguishable feature of Philippine
Philippine_English
Variety of English spoken in Malta
"basically" is pronounced [ˈbeɪzɪkəli]. Another reason for this voicing is hypercorrection: "based" is often pronounced as [beɪzd]. Dark L (velarised /l/) is
Maltese_English
Surname list
family name is normally written Keïta, sometimes Kéita. Kéïta is a hypercorrection. In reference to non-modern figures, or in anglophone countries such
Keita_(surname)
personality and starts speaking in an excessively formal way, complete with hypercorrections. Sonia makes offhanded negative comments about his weight, and fails
List of Gavin & Stacey episodes
List_of_Gavin_&_Stacey_episodes
Surname list
pronounced. Nevertheless, it is often pronounced in French through hypercorrection. Notable people with the surname include: Jean-Denis Délétraz (born
Deletraz
Misinterpretation of a spoken phrase
phenomena include: Earworm Eggcorn Holorime Homophonic translation Hypercorrection Phono-semantic matching Rebracketing Spoonerism Syntactic ambiguity
Mondegreen
Pronunciation of a latent word-final consonant immediately before a following vowel sound
semi-conscious application of prescriptive rules leads to errors of hypercorrection in formal speech situations (see discussion below). Conversely, in
Liaison_(French)
List of erroneous Latin words
/-tl-/ to /-kl-/. The diminutive of auris is auricula. An example of hypercorrection (Elcock 1960: 30), in this case the improper insertion of a silent
Appendix_Probi
Omission of sounds in words or phrases
standard Spanish. The perceived vulgarity of the silent d may lead to hypercorrections like *bacalado for bacalao (cod) or *Bilbado for Bilbao. Tamil has
Elision
to /o/, resulting in pronunciations like /ˈbɒto/ (for bottle). By hypercorrection, however, some words originally ending in /o/ were given an /l/: the
English-language vowel changes before historical /l/
English-language_vowel_changes_before_historical_/l/
South Slavic language
between definite and indefinite variants of the adjective, leading to hypercorrection when speakers try to use Standard Slovene. Slovene, like most other
Slovene_language
Set of varieties of Spanish language
and elision, hypercorrections are frequent. For example, speakers may say catorces año for catorce años '14 years'. These hypercorrections are called hablar
Caribbean_Spanish
Dialect of the Polish language
of -’ev in soft stems with -’ov in the 16th century, and occasional hypercorrection to adding -’ev after hard stems: synev́i establishment of od(-) (<*otъ)
Masovian_dialect_group
Variety of Mandarin Chinese
8 June 2021. Retrieved 5 July 2020. Chung, Karen Steffen (2006b). "Hypercorrection in Taiwan Mandarin" (PDF). Journal of Asian Pacific Communication.
Taiwanese_Mandarin
Latin-script digraph
machine, chivalry and nonchalant. Through hyperforeignism, a type of hypercorrection, this pronunciation also occurs in a few loanwords from other sources
Ch_(digraph)
sometimes using a leading apostrophe ('til); this should be considered a hypercorrection as till predates the use of until); and others where the connection
American and British English spelling differences
American_and_British_English_spelling_differences
Pronunciation of a word influenced by its spelling
spelt: /ɛiʃaɨ/. Language portal Acronym Folk etymology Heterography Hypercorrection Hyperforeignism Orthography Spelling reform The Chaos Padonkaffsky
Spelling_pronunciation
Dialect of English spoken in Wales
vowel of "bus" /ʌ/ is usually pronounced [ɜ~ə] and is encountered as a hypercorrection in northern areas for foot. It is sometimes manifested in border areas
Welsh_English
Prestige dialect of the pluricentric Serbo-Croatian language
in some vernaculars is based on a substratum. The word pljesma is a hypercorrection (instead of pjesma) because many vernaculars have changed lj to j.
Shtokavian
Digraph
similar situation occurred with the Spanish-language digraph ch.) Hypercorrection leads some to wrongly capitalize ⟨ll⟩ as a single letter, as with the
Ll
Eastern South Slavic language
where the standard language has "e" (e.g. vidyal, vidyali). The latter hypercorrection is called свръхякане (svrah-yakane ≈"over-ya-ing").[citation needed]
Bulgarian_language
Anique BH (April 14, 2015). "Refutations in science texts lead to hypercorrection of misconceptions held with high confidence". Contemporary Educational
List of common misconceptions about science, technology, and mathematics
List_of_common_misconceptions_about_science,_technology,_and_mathematics
Merger of sibilants in Polish dialects
of every modern /ʐ/ to /z/, regardless of etymology, is a case of hypercorrection stemming from an attempt to imitate mazuration. Below are some examples
Mazuration
Topics referred to by the same term
Overcompensation may refer to: Overcompensation (linguistics) or hypercorrection, non-standard language use resulting from over-application of a perceived
Overcompensation
Lingusitic variety of Italian language used in film and television dubbing
variation. Another phenomenon stemming from doppiaggese is the usage of hypercorrections of some forms of prose, due to the poor attempts of the translators
Doppiaggese
Comparison of languages
non-diphthongization is not incorrect, but may sound like a Thai-influenced hypercorrection or very pedantic. As it is the normal pronunciation in Laos and Isan
Comparison_of_Lao_and_Thai
Closed lexical category of the English language
of the subjective form in object position) is seen as an example of hypercorrection, resulting from an awareness that many instances of and me (like that
Personal_pronouns_in_English
Sound system of New York City English
/ɜːr/ (e.g., [ˈt̪ʰɝɫɨt] toilet, [ɝɫ] oil), apparently as a result of hypercorrection. While the following consonantal features are central to the common
New_York_accent
Book by Bill Bryson
pathological extremes of prescription (valueless pedantry such as hypercorrection) while also making use of its helpful side (which encourages critical
Bryson's Dictionary of Troublesome Words
Bryson's_Dictionary_of_Troublesome_Words
Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
be pronounced, although in French it is often mispronounced due to hypercorrection. Communes of the Haute-Savoie department "Répertoire national des élus:
Excenevex
English construction used in the 16th–17th centuries
already saying "his" after a masculine noun in later Middle English by hypercorrection, and the "his" genitive may therefore have been an orthographic anomaly
His_genitive
Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
be pronounced, although in French it is often mispronounced due to hypercorrection. Communes of the Savoie department Canal de Savières "Répertoire national
Chanaz
System for writing in Spanish
cannot find me.' The use of ⟨ó⟩ in the word o (meaning 'or') is a hypercorrection. Up until 2010, ⟨ó⟩ was used when applied to numbers: 7 ó 9 ('7 or
Spanish_orthography
Surname list
be pronounced, although in French it is often mispronounced due to hypercorrection.[citation needed] Notable people with the surname include: Candide
Thovex
Borough in Pennsylvania, US
latter pronunciation may now be waning and may now in some cases be a hypercorrection by people who take pride in knowing it as a shibboleth. "ArcGIS REST
Mahanoy_City,_Pennsylvania
Surname list
pronounced. Nevertheless, it is often pronounced in French through hypercorrection. Notable people with the surname include:. Alexis Vuillermoz (born
Vuillermoz
Municipality in Uri, Switzerland
is due to Germanic i-umlaut, changed to ö in modern spelling is a hypercorrection based on the phonology of the dialect of Uri. Göschenen has an area
Göschenen
Surname list
pronounced. Nevertheless, it is often pronounced in French through hypercorrection. Notable people with the surname include: Hector Berlioz (1803–1869)
Berlioz_(surname)
Non-standard spelling emphasizing a pronunciation
Rhyme where words are spelled similarly but pronounced differently Hypercorrection – Non-standard language usage Inventive spelling – Use of unconventional
Eye_dialect
Variation in the English language spoken in India
with a front vowel and a w to words starting with a rounded vowel. Hypercorrection is also common, e.g., the letter "s" as "yes" and "yes" as "es". [citation
Regional differences and dialects in Indian English
Regional_differences_and_dialects_in_Indian_English
Tamil poet-saints of South India
Palaniappan, S. (2004). "Āḻvār or Nāyaṉār: The Role of Sound Variation, Hypercorrection and Folk Etymology in Interpreting the Nature of Vaiṣṇava Saint-Poets"
Alvars
German-based creole of Papua New Guinea
languages has to led to a lack of distinction between /i/ and /ɪ/. A hypercorrection of /ʊ/ to /y/ in some speakers. As in German and English the schwa
Unserdeutsch
Type of water pipe
water pipe is called Persian: غلیان, romanized: ghalyān which is a hypercorrection of Arabic: غليون, romanized: ghalyūn, lit. 'pipe'. It is included in
Hookah
American linguist
of /s/ insertion in Dominican Spanish: A case study in qualitative hypercorrection. Perspectives on Spanish Linguistics, 3, 79-96. Laeufer, C. & Morgan
Terrell_A._Morgan
Italic tribe in the Valle Peligna
discrepancy: the variation aetatu may reflect an archaism, or perhaps a hypercorrection intentionally utilized to distinguish the Paelignian text from Latin
Paeligni
Prescriptive rules of grammar and usage
of English grammars History of linguistic prescription in English Hypercorrection – Non-standard language usage Language policy – Body of practices intended
Linguistic_prescription
Diacritic used in Latin alphabets
vowels i and e (çinco, "five"). This was later regarded as a form of hypercorrection, since c alone was sufficient (cinq and çinq are pronounced identically)
Cedilla
Phenomenon in Spanish grammar relating to complementizer use
peculiar to less educated speakers, most likely as an instance of hypercorrection in the attempt to avoid queísmo or perhaps a conflation with the reflexive
Dequeísmo
Phonology of the Malayalam language
t Intervocalically and s before another t, there are also cases of hypercorrection like kaḻa < katha, but they are only attested in writing and was not
Malayalam_phonology
Spanish dialect feature
to be attached to loísmo and those who use it. This often leads to hypercorrection, with loístas choosing the le pronoun even for direct objects as a
Loísmo
Concept in Hebrew morphology
syntactic or phonological rule that is not consistently applied because of hypercorrection, etc. Recent inquiries suggest that the paragogic nun conveys the dependent
Paragogic_nun
Standard pronunciation of the German language
be confused or merged with /ʃ/ altogether, secondarily leading to hypercorrection effects where /ʃ/ is replaced with /ç/, for instance in Fisch [fɪʃ]
Standard_German_phonology
Collection of Latin glosses on the Vulgate Bible
same word after liquid dissimilation. The extra ⟨o⟩ appears to be a hypercorrection. PR. */ˈkriβru/ Fr. crible Ara. gribafem Sp. cribo Pt. crivo Pie. cribi
Reichenau_Glossary
Dialect of the English language used in Trinidad and Tobago
Sociolinguistic Situation of Trinidad and Tobago. 1997. Phonological Hypercorrection in the Process of Decreolization--the Case of Trinidadian English.
Trinidadian and Tobagonian English
Trinidadian_and_Tobagonian_English
HYPERCORRECTION
HYPERCORRECTION
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from the personal name (Greek Nikolaos, from nikÄn ‘to conquer’ + laos ‘people’). Forms with -ch- are due to hypercorrection (compare Anthony). The name in various vernacular forms was popular among Christians throughout Europe in the Middle Ages, largely as a result of the fame of a 4th-century Lycian bishop, about whom a large number of legends grew up, and who was venerated in the Orthodox Church as well as the Catholic. In English-speaking countries, this surname is also found as an Americanized form of various Greek surnames such as Papanikolaou ‘(son of) Nicholas the priest’ and patronymics such as Nikolopoulos.The colonial official and revolutionary patriot Robert Carter Nicholas was from a prominent VA family on both sides. His father was a British navy surgeon who emigrated in about 1700 from Lancashire, England, to Williamsburg, VA.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Merriott in Somerset, named in Old English as ‘boundary gate’ or ‘mare gate’, from (ge)mǣre ‘boundary’ or miere ‘mare’ + geat ‘gate’.English : variant (as a result of hypercorrection) of Marriott, or of Marryat, which is from a Middle English personal name, Meryet, Old English Mǣrgēat, composed of the element mǣr ‘boundary’ + the tribal name Gēat (see Joslin).
HYPERCORRECTION
HYPERCORRECTION
Male
Native American
Native American Hopi name QALETAQA means "guardian of the people."
Boy/Male
American, Australian, Chinese, French, German, Latin, Portuguese, Spanish
Conquering
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Destined to be Heroic
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
A Garland Made of Champa Flowers
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
One of the Legend
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Unique; First
Girl/Female
Muslim
Intelligent one who reasons
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Desire Light
Boy/Male
Indian
Sword
Girl/Female
Tamil
The Moon
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