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Type of polymerization occurring at the interface of two immiscible phases
Interfacial polymerization is a type of step-growth polymerization in which polymerization occurs at the interface between two immiscible phases (generally
Interfacial_polymerization
Chain-growth polymerization without the ability to terminate
In polymer chemistry, living polymerization is a form of chain growth polymerization where the ability of a growing polymer chain to terminate has been
Living_polymerization
Interfacial layer of nanoparticles
A nanoparticle interfacial layer is a well structured layer of typically organic molecules around a nanoparticle. These molecules are known as stabilizers
Nanoparticle interfacial layer
Nanoparticle_interfacial_layer
Scientific experiment
nylon 610 polymer forms as a flexible film at the interface of the water and cyclohexane layers, in an example of an interfacial polymerization. The experimentalist
Nylon_rope_trick
Technologies for targeted drug delivery
polymeric nanoparticles include microfluidic approaches, electrodropping, high pressure homogenization, and emulsion-based interfacial polymerization
Nanoparticle_drug_delivery
Membrane used for water purification
Menachem Elimelech. "Fabrication of desalination membranes by interfacial polymerization: history, current efforts, and future directions." Royal Society
Thin-film_composite_membrane
Water purification process
particularly high flux and low salt passage could be made by interfacial polymerization of m-phenylene diamine and trimesoyl chloride. Cadotte's patent
Reverse_osmosis
non-covalent polymerization in supramolecular chemistry is highly dependent on the interactions during the self-assembly process. The degree of polymerization depends
Two-dimensional_polymer
Polymerization reaction among monomers suspended in a liquid
suspension polymerization have diameters usually exceeding 10 μm. In polymer chemistry, suspension polymerization is a heterogeneous radical polymerization process
Suspension_polymerization
Tiny device in which chemical reactions take place
polymer network of polyacrylamide and a triarylphosphine formed by interfacial polymerization: The combustion of propane was demonstrated to occur at temperatures
Microreactor
Reversible-deactivation radical polymerization
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is an example of a reversible-deactivation radical polymerization. Like its counterpart, ATRA, or atom transfer
Atom transfer radical polymerization
Atom_transfer_radical_polymerization
Hydraulic binder used in the composition of mortar and concrete
insolation, elevated temperature, low relative humidity and wind. The interfacial transition zone (ITZ) is a region of the cement paste around the aggregate
Cement
Composite material composed of fibers in a polymer matrix
carbon nanotube loading due to viscosity increases. In-situ polymerization can be used for polymers that are not solvent or heat compatible. In this method
Polymer_matrix_composite
Materials that can retain several shapes
acid and sulfuric acid, with the purpose of improving the interfacial bonding between the polymers and the conductive fillers. The shape-memory effect in
Shape-memory_polymer
determined by solving the Young's equation for the interfacial force balance. At equilibrium three interfacial tensions corresponding to solid/gas (γSG), solid/liquid
Synthetic_membrane
Electric charges present on the surface of a solid
charged amino acid at the surface, which would create an interfacial potential). Interfacial potential is responsible for the formation of the electric
Surface_charge
Category of polymers, in which the monomers are joined together by ester links
of interfacial polycondensation. The procedure is applied to the commercial production of bisphenol-A-based polyarylates like Unitika's U-Polymer. Water
Polyester
control porosity. For in-situ polymerization of PNCs, the nanoparticles are dispersed within a monomer solution and polymerization starts with heat, UV-light
Polymer_nanocomposite
Type of rechargeable battery
fabrication method for the gel polymer electrolyte is critical to the battery's final performance, particularly its interfacial resistance. In the ex-situ
Semi-solid-state_battery
Type of concrete that uses polymers to replace lime-type cements as a binder
expansion coefficient induces interfacial shear stresses. In high temperature environments, the elastic modulus of these polymer matrices are greatly reduced
Polymer_concrete
Study of flow of matter at interfaces
Interfacial rheology is a branch of rheology that studies the flow of matter at the interface between a gas and a liquid or at the interface between two
Interfacial_rheology
Excess energy at the surface of a material relative to its interior
In surface science, surface energy (also interfacial free energy or surface free energy) quantifies the disruption of intermolecular bonds that occurs
Surface_energy
Diode that emits light from an organic compound
water have been prepared via ring opening metathesis polymerization. These water-soluble polymers or conjugated poly electrolytes (CPEs) also can be used
OLED
Chemical process
polyaniline nanofibers, (nanofiber seeds could be prepared from interfacial polymerization) the bulk morphology changes dramatically from granular to nano-fibrillar
Nanofiber_seeding
Process which surrounds tiny particles or droplets with a coating
Condensed polymer walls form instantaneously at the interface of the emulsion droplets. Interfacial cross-linking is derived from interfacial polycondensation
Micro-encapsulation
Engineered component of a biological cell
through the collodion, it is coated with a membrane due to the interfacial polymerization properties of the collodion. The cell later settles into paraffin
Artificial_cell
Extraction of otherwise nonviable crude oil
soap that may lower the interfacial tension enough to increase production. Injection of a dilute solution of a water-soluble polymer to increase the viscosity
Enhanced_oil_recovery
American scientist and author
Cheng and others, he studied polymer nanocomposite (PNC) interfacial properties by revealing a reduction in interfacial layer thickness with increased
Jimmy_Mays
Filtration method that uses nanometer sized pores in biological membranes
which consist of a number of extremely thin selective layers interfacially polymerized over a microporous substrate, have had commercial success in industrial
Nanofiltration
Phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules
(May 22, 2018). "Hygroscopic compounds in spider aggregate glue remove interfacial water to maintain adhesion in humid conditions". Nature Communications
Hygroscopy
Resin that cures when exposed to light of appropriate wavelengths
advantages of photopolymerization over thermally cured polymerization include higher rates of polymerization and environmental benefits from elimination of volatile
Photopolymer
Thermodynamically stable, isotropic mixture of oil, water, and surfactant
polymerization: Emulsion polymerization in which the starting system is a micro-emulsion and the final latex comprises colloidal particles of polymer
Microemulsion
Study of the flow of matter, primarily in a fluid state
the filler-polymer interface. The interfacial adhesion can be substantially enhanced via a coupling agent that adheres well to both the polymer and the filler
Rheology
Type of organic solar cell
organic solar cells under highly damp conditions: Comparison with the same interfacial layers". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 128: 41–47. doi:10.1016/j
Polymer-fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cell
Polymer-fullerene_bulk_heterojunction_solar_cell
fraction of each polymer, and x is the number of segments of each polymer. x1 and x2 increase with higher degrees of polymerization and thus molecular
Reactive_compatibilization
American scientist
copolymers,” Nature, Commun., 2020, 11: 5743. "Entropy and Interfacial Energy Driven Self-healable Polymers,” Nature Commun., 2020, 11:1028 "Key-and-Lock Commodity
Marek_W._Urban
Type of solid ionic conductor electrolyte
well as soften the electrolyte for improved interfacial contact. The matrix of GPEs consist of a polymer network swollen in a solvent that contains the
Solid-state_electrolyte
Type of photovoltaic
; Katz, Howard E. (2012). "Next-Generation Polymer Solar Cell Materials: Designed Control of Interfacial Variables". ACS Nano. 6 (4): 2865–70. Bibcode:2012ACSNa
Organic_solar_cell
Nanostructures of protein-polymer conjugates
magnetic signal response. Generally, Polymer-Protein hybrids can be synthesized by interfacial self-assembly of protein–polymer conjugates in emulsions. Grafting
Polymer-protein_hybrid
American chemical engineer
include network polymerization, nanoparticle reinforced polymer composites, interfacial reaction during polymer blending, and polymerization with phase separation
Christopher_Macosko
British physicist (born 1961)
separation in active systems, including phenomena such as nucleation, interfacial fluctuations, and wetting. At Edinburgh, Cates was the principal investigator
Michael_Cates
Composite materials made of wood fiber and thermoplastics
Hendriks, Cris L.; Isaksson, Per (January 2017). "Characterization of interfacial stress transfer ability in acetylation-treated wood fibre composites
Wood–plastic_composite
Substances that can repair themselves
to construct the polymer, not as a link. For polymerization and healing processes of a DA-step-growth furan-maleimide based polymer (3M4F) were demonstrated
Self-healing_material
Academic journal
surfactants and soft matter; adsorption, catalysis and electrochemistry; interfacial processes, capillarity and wetting; biomaterials and nanomedicine; and
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
Journal_of_Colloid_and_Interface_Science
groups affects the ability to form more interfacial bonds and permits a better adhesion between fillers and polymers. A large number of pretreatments exist
Lignocellulosic filler reinforced polymer
Lignocellulosic_filler_reinforced_polymer
characteristics caused by excessive solvent use. Plasma processing provides interfacial energies and injected monomer fragments larger than comparable processes
Polymeric_surface
Adding a chemical substance to a mix of polymers to increase their stability
Thermodynamically, two polymers are fully miscible when the mixture's Gibbs free energy is negative, and the interfacial tension between the components
Compatibilization
Copolymer in which the transition between different types of monomer is gradual
transfer radical polymerization and Reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer polymerization as well as other living polymerization techniques including
Gradient_copolymer
Chemical compound
PMID 10941915. Enkelmann, Volker; Wegner, Gerhard (1976-11-01). "Mechanism of interfacial polycondensation and the direct synthesis of stable polyamide membranes"
Sebacoyl_chloride
Angle between a liquid–vapor interface and a solid surface
If the solid–vapor interfacial energy is denoted by γSG, the solid–liquid interfacial energy by γSL, and the liquid–vapor interfacial energy (i.e. the surface
Contact_angle
high-throughput synthesis (synthesis of polymers in parallel), ring opening polymerization (removal of cyclic monomers), interfacial condensation (high temperature
Polyanhydride
Physical phenomenon
will occur in numerous high temperature applications with carbohydrate polymers, including biomass conversion to biofuels, preparation and cooking of food
Leidenfrost_effect
Battery with solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte
accomplished via rapid heating to crystallize the Li3PS4 glass. High interfacial resistance between a cathode and solid electrolyte has been a long-standing
Solid-state_battery
Molecular property
γ2 are the surface energies of the two new surfaces, and γ12 is the interfacial energy. This methodology can also be used to discuss cleavage that happens
Adhesion
Form of polyaniline
for the polymerization of polyaniline nanofibers seen in literature primarily include [redox|chemical oxidative] polymerization, interfacial synthesis
Polyaniline_nanofibers
Electrokinetic potential in colloidal dispersions
theoretical viewpoint, the zeta potential is the electric potential in the interfacial double layer (DL) at the location of the slipping plane relative to a
Zeta_potential
Subgroup of polymers
hydrochloric acid as a byproduct. This synthesis is commonly carried out via interfacial polycondensation. However, low temperature and high temperature solution
Cardo_polymer
Mixture of two or more immiscible liquids
Penczek, Stanisław; Stepto, Robert F. T. (2011). "Terminology of polymers and polymerization processes in dispersed systems (IUPAC Recommendations 2011)"
Emulsion
American chemist who invented Kevlar (1923–2014)
Kwolek, S. L. (1959). "Interfacial polycondensation. II. Fundamentals of polymer formation at liquid interfaces". Journal of Polymer Science. 40 (137): 299–327
Stephanie_Kwolek
Substance that lowers surface tension
surfactant is a chemical compound that decreases the surface tension or interfacial tension between two liquids, a liquid and a gas, or a liquid and a solid
Surfactant
Type of polymer material
conform to complex or uneven surfaces without introducing excessive interfacial stresses. Various studies have been conducted to synthesise bio-based
Polyimine
Overview article
}} - Interfacial energy between solid and vapor ( J / m 2 ) {\displaystyle {(J/m^{2})}} γ S L {\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {SL} }} - Interfacial energy
Chemistry_of_photolithography
Ion which negates another oppositely-charged ion in an ionic molecule
polymers and colloids. Ion-exchange resins are polymers with a net negative or positive charge. Cation-exchange resins consist of an anionic polymer with
Counterion
between the rubber and polymer can reduce toughness. It is difficult to state the specific effects of a given particle size or interfacial adhesion parameter
Rubber_toughening
American chemist
professor. He is known for researching frontal polymerization, nonlinear chemical dynamics, and polymeric systems. He is the Patricia Senn and William Senn
John_A._Pojman
Heterogeneous mixture of solid particles dispersed in a medium
Penczek, Stanisław; Stepto, Robert F. T. (2011). "Terminology of polymers and polymerization processes in dispersed systems (IUPAC Recommendations 2011)"
Suspension_(chemistry)
Irish chemist
needed] In addition to many published articles Vos was joint author of : Interfacial Supramolecular Assemblies : Electrochemical and Photophysical Properties
Johannes_G._Vos
Type of lithium-ion cell
various metal fluoride, metal oxide, carbon, lithium-ion conductor, and polymer. Among them, TiO2 was claimed to have channels that could be utilized to
Lithium ion manganese oxide battery
Lithium_ion_manganese_oxide_battery
Type of emulsion
r is the particle radius, γ O W {\displaystyle \gamma _{OW}} is the interfacial tension, and θ O W {\displaystyle \theta _{OW}} is the contact angle
Pickering_emulsion
and phase separate, so surfactants are added to lower interfacial tension and stabilize polymer particles to prevent demulsification. Anionic surfactants
Surfactants_in_paint
Multiphase chemical reactor
bubble dimensions ( a fundamental local flow property), it determines the interfacial area for the heat and mass transfer rate between the phases. In multiphase
Bubble_column_reactor
Method of measuring a liquid's surface tension
factors include Zuidema–Waters correction factors (for liquids with low interfacial tension), Huh–Mason correction factors (which cover a wider range than
Du_Noüy_ring_method
sophorolipids as building blocks via ring-opening metathesis polymerization for a new type of polymers, known as polysophorolipids which show promising potentials
Sophorolipid
British researcher
specialize in the area of polymer and colloid science, with research in nitroxide-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP), and obtained
Stefan_Bon
American academic
Aspects of Polymer Surfaces (1988) Artificial Organs: The W J Kolff Festschrift (1987) Surface and Interfacial Aspects of Biomedical Polymers Vol. 1 – Surface
Joseph_D._Andrade
Materials researcher and academic
Gregory M. (April 15, 2021). "Interfacial modeling of flattened CNT composites with cyanate ester and PEEK polymers". Composites Part B: Engineering
Gregory_Odegard
Fibers made with ethers or esters of cellulose
properties to engineered fibers, being another option for biocomposites and polymer composites. Cellulose was discovered in 1838 by the French chemist Anselme
Cellulose_fiber
Type of nanoparticle or microparticle
acrylate. The polymerization did not require additives or miniemulsion polymerization techniques, as do other Pickering emulsion polymerizations. Also, by
Janus_particles
Substance whose dissolved ions conduct electricity
mechanical flexibility as well as an improved electrode-electrolyte interfacial contact. In particular, protic organic ionic plastic crystals (POIPCs)
Electrolyte
Retraction of a fluid from a surface it was forced to cover
more energetically favorable to migrate to the surface, decreasing the interfacial tension and thus increasing the spreading coefficient (i.e. making S
Dewetting
Solid material with nano-scale structure
dispersion of nanotubes in the metallic matrix, and (c) lead to strong interfacial adhesion between the metallic matrix and the carbon nanotubes. In addition
Nanocomposite
investigated the polymerization process and charge transport properties, polymer film growth on gold electrode surface, and polymerization process of polypyrrole
Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance
Electrochemical_quartz_crystal_microbalance
two biological materials are held together by interfacial forces. The mucoadhesive properties of polymers can be evaluated via rheological synergism studies
Mucoadhesion
Fluid used to maximize thermal contact
compounds is the separation of the polymer and filler matrix components occurs under high temperatures. The loss of polymeric material can result in poor wettability
Thermal_paste
for Complex Fluids and Interfacial Physics Paulo Arratia's Complex Fluids Laboratory at Penn Complex Fluids & Computational Polymer Physics at ETH Zurich
Complex_fluid
Relative motion of a fluid at a solid boundary
where virtually all velocity gradient is localized in a nanometer-scale interfacial layer. Molecular theories for these transitions have been proposed by
Wall_Slip
Description of phase separation
applications in diverse fields: in complex fluids and soft matter (interfacial fluid flow, polymer science and in industrial applications). The solution of the
Cahn–Hilliard_equation
Material used in dentistry as a filling material
toughness dictated by changing atomic cohesion, fluctuating interfacial configurations and interfacial terahertz (THz) dynamics. It is on the World Health Organization's
Glass_ionomer_cement
Organic Polymer
during polymerization. Exhaustive Soxhlet extraction after polymerization with polar solvents was found to effectively fractionate the polymer and remove
Polythiophene
interactions. The strengthening of interfacial molecular interactions in w/w emulsions results in the formation of a layer of polymer that coats the surface of
Water-in-water_emulsion
Aqueous phase rich in macromolecules
on coacervates, including results on self-coacervation, salt effects, interfacial tension, multiphase coacervates and surfactant-based coacervates. In
Coacervate
Study of organic compounds containing metal(s)
(2018). "Metalorganic Functionalization in Vacuum". Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry. pp. 761–768. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-409547-2.13135-X. ISBN 978-0-12-809894-3
Organometallic_chemistry
Additive and high resolution metal printing technique
principle of surface chemistry - chemically modified surfaces act as interfacial "release" or "glue" layers to aid in transfer printing nano-structured
Nanotransfer_printing
Byproducts from the production of wood pulp
for use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) due to their ability to reduce interfacial tension in foams, allowing for improved sweep efficiency, and hence increased
Lignosulfonates
Technique used to study the properties of some materials
138 (1996) 199–206. G.M. Doris and D.G. Gray, Journal of Colloids and Interfacial Science. 56 (1964) 353. J. Schultz, L. Lavielle, and C. Martin, Journal
Inverse_gas_chromatography
Basic structure used in microtechnology
and biochemical industries due to short diffusion distances, higher interfacial area, and higher heat/mass transfer rates. Micro process engineering
Microchannel (microtechnology)
Microchannel_(microtechnology)
electron and energy transfer processes, excited state evolution, as well as interfacial charge separation and charge transport in nanoscale energy conversion
Quantum_photoelectrochemistry
Class of chemicals and interactions
in the table below. The properties of the polymers vary with molecular weight and degree of polymerization. The two main types of emulsions are oil-in-water
Emulsion stabilization using polyelectrolytes
Emulsion_stabilization_using_polyelectrolytes
Water-soluble self-doped conducting polyaniline derivative
water-soluble, self-doped conducting polymer belonging to the polyaniline family. It is produced by oxidative polymerization of the monomer N-(3-sulfopropyl)aniline
Poly-N-(3-sulfopropyl)aniline
Materials scientist and academic
www.kau.se. Retrieved 2022-10-07. Moons, Ellen (1995). Linking the interfacial chemistry and physics of CuInSe2- and CdTe-based photovoltaic cells and
Ellen_Moons
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
Boy/Male
Native American
Slim face.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Telugu
Lord of the Universe
Boy/Male
German English
Powerful. Abbreviation of Oswald.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Revolving
Boy/Male
Indian
Silence; Pure; Pure: Lord Subramanya Swamy
Biblical
my son
Girl/Female
Indian
Abode, Existence
Male
Scottish
Scottish surname transferred to forename use, derived from Irish Munro, MONROE means "from the mount on the river Roe," in Ireland, where the family came from.Â
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Lord Vishnu
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
INTERFACIAL POLYMERIZATION
v. i.
To change into another substance having the same atomic proportions, but a higher molecular weight; to undergo polymerization; thus, aldehyde polymerizes in forming paraldehyde.
n.
A white crystalline substance isomeric with, and obtained from, acetic aldehyde by polymerization, and reconvertible into the same.
a.
Included between two plane surfaces or faces; as, an interfacial angle.
v. t.
To cause polymerization of; to produce polymers from; to increase the molecular weight of, without changing the atomic proportions; thus, certain acids polymerize aldehyde.
a.
Between the radii, or rays; -- in zoology, said of certain parts of radiate animals; as, the interradial plates of a starfish.
n.
Any one of two or more substances related to each other by polymerism; specifically, a substance produced from another substance by chemical polymerization.
n.
The act or process of changing to a polymeric form; the condition resulting from such change.
v. i.
To undergo polymerization.
a.
Pertaining to the mutual intercourse or relations of persons in society; social.