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Ice that forms in the interstellar medium
Interstellar ice consists of grains of volatiles in the ice phase that form in the interstellar medium. Ice and dust grains form the primary material
Interstellar_ice
2014 film by Christopher Nolan
Interstellar is a 2014 epic science fiction drama film directed by Christopher Nolan, who co-wrote the screenplay with his brother, Jonathan Nolan. It
Interstellar_(film)
Frozen water; the solid state of water
Oort cloud objects, and as interstellar ice. As a naturally occurring crystalline inorganic solid with an ordered structure, ice is considered to be a mineral
Ice
Matter and radiation in the space between the star systems in a galaxy
The interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy. This matter includes gas in ionic
Interstellar_medium
Dust floating in space
dense clouds have acquired a mantle of ice and on average are larger than dust particles in the diffuse interstellar medium. Interplanetary dust particles
Cosmic_dust
Study of molecules in the Universe and their reactions
The term may refer to studies within both the Solar System and the interstellar medium. The investigation of elemental abundances and isotope ratios
Astrochemistry
States of matter for water as a solid
fairly common in interstellar space, with small 'nucleation seeds' spreading through space and converting regular ice, much like the fabled ice-nine mentioned
Phases_of_ice
Interstellar object that passed near Earth in 2017
1I/ʻOumuamua is the first confirmed interstellar object detected passing through the Solar System. Formally designated 1I/2017 U1, it was discovered by
1I/ʻOumuamua
2014 soundtrack album by Hans Zimmer
Interstellar: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album composed and arranged by Hans Zimmer for the 2014 film Interstellar by Christopher
Interstellar_(soundtrack)
Swedish astrochemist
the chemistry and dynamics of interstellar ice. This research led to a thesis, titled "Complex processes in simple ices: Laboratory and observational
Karin_Öberg
Pseudoscientific cosmological theory by Hanns Hörbiger
fragments of the smaller star out into interstellar space where the water condensed and froze into giant blocks of ice. A ring of such blocks formed, that
Welteislehre
2014 book by Kip Thorne
The Science of Interstellar is a non-fiction book by American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate Kip Thorne, with a foreword by Christopher Nolan
The_Science_of_Interstellar
Interstellar comet in 2025
3I/ATLAS, also known as C/2025 N1 (ATLAS) and previously as A11pl3Z, is an interstellar comet discovered on 1 July 2025 by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last
3I/ATLAS
Type of interstellar cloud
a stellar nursery if star formation is occurring within—is a type of interstellar cloud of which the density and size permit absorption nebulae, the formation
Molecular_cloud
Chemical detected in space
Interstellar formaldehyde (a topic relevant to astrochemistry) was first discovered in 1969 by L. Snyder et al. using the National Radio Astronomy Observatory
Interstellar_formaldehyde
Form of water
producing radioactive carbon-14. Water portal Deuterium-depleted water Interstellar ice Parpart, Arthur K. (December 1935). "The permeability of the mammalian
Heavy_water
Israeli-American theoretical physicist (born 1962)
System. He has argued that ʻOumuamua and other interstellar objects, including the reputedly interstellar meteor CNEOS 2014-01-08, are potential examples
Avi_Loeb
Chemical compound
Kaiser (2024). "Bottom-Up Formation of Antiaromatic Cyclobutadiene in Interstellar Ice Analogs". J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 15: 1211. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03524
Cyclobutadiene
Ongoing NASA interstellar program
The Voyager program is an American scientific program that employs two interstellar probes, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2. They were launched in 1977 to take advantage
Voyager_program
Molecule with an amine directly attached to formic acid
-Y. R. (2007). "Carbamic acid produced by the UV/EUV irradiation of interstellar ice analogs". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 464 (1): 253–257. doi:10
Carbamic_acid
Oxygen found in the interstellar medium
atomic gas and as a constituent of molecular gas, volatile ices, and minerals in dust. Interstellar oxygen in dust is primarily found in the form of silicates
Interstellar_oxygen
Hypothesis about the origin of life
which could be one of the reasons "for the lack of PAH detection in interstellar ice grains, particularly the outer regions of cold, dense clouds or the
PAH_world_hypothesis
NASA space probe launched in 1977
was to study the outer planets and its extended mission is to study interstellar space beyond the Sun's heliosphere. Voyager 2 successfully fulfilled
Voyager_2
Hydrocarbon composed of multiple aromatic rings
which could be one of the reasons "for the lack of PAH detection in interstellar ice grains, particularly the outer regions of cold, dense clouds or the
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Polycyclic_aromatic_hydrocarbon
Study of the chemical composition of matter in the universe
surfaces of ice grains in interstellar space. NASA ALMA scientist Anthony Remijan stated that finding these molecules in an interstellar gas cloud means
Cosmochemistry
Chemical compound
matrix at 10 K (−263 °C). Recently, this molecule was synthesized in interstellar ice analogs composed of carbon monoxide (CO) and water (H2O) upon exposure
Acetylenediol
German chemist (born 1967)
M. (28 March 2002). "Amino acids from ultraviolet irradiation of interstellar ice analogues". Nature. 416 (6879): 403–406. Bibcode:2002Natur.416..403M
Uwe_Meierhenrich
Planetary system consisting of the Sun and objects orbiting it
wind is halted by the interstellar medium, resulting in the heliopause and the border of the interplanetary medium to interstellar space. The theorized
Solar_System
Interstellar is a 2014 epic and science fiction film directed by Christopher Nolan, who wrote the screenplay with his brother Jonathan. Christopher Nolan
List of accolades received by Interstellar
List_of_accolades_received_by_Interstellar
Greenberg, JM (2002). "Amino acids from ultraviolet irradiation of interstellar ice analogues". Nature. 416 (6879): 403–406. Bibcode:2002Natur.416..403M
Diamino_acid
Restaurant in Austin, Texas, U.S.
jalapeno sausage. The drinks menu consists of brown sugar iced tea, sodas, and beers. InterStellar BBQ opened in January 2019 at 12233 Ranch Road 620. Co-founders
InterStellar_BBQ
Chemical compound
(2022). "Formation of Thioformic Acid (HCOSH)─The Simplest Thioacid─in Interstellar Ice Analogues". The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 126 (51): 9699–9708
Thioformic_acid
Chemical compound
"Experimental investigation of nitrile formation from VUV photochemistry of interstellar ices analogs: Acetonitrile and amino acetonitrile". Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ethanimine
Type of climbing with ice tools
"world's technically hardest ice climbing routes", starting with Spray On at WI10 in 2010, Wolverine at WI11 in 2011, Interstellar Spice at WI12 in 2016, and
Ice_climbing
Proposed concepts for the human colonization of trans-Neptunian objects
by using natural objects as slow interstellar vessels with substantial natural resources; and that such interstellar colonies could also serve as way-stations
Colonization of trans-Neptunian objects
Colonization_of_trans-Neptunian_objects
European mission to study Jupiter and its moons since 2023
pointing it toward the Sun. The interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, discovered in July 2025 as only the third known interstellar object in the Solar System, made
Jupiter_Icy_Moons_Explorer
Science-based program founded in 2015
The conceptual principles to enable this interstellar travel project were described in "A Roadmap to Interstellar Flight", by Philip Lubin of UC Santa Barbara
Breakthrough_Initiatives
Island country in the Atlantic Ocean
(2002) is set for a large part in Iceland. Christopher Nolan's film Interstellar (2014) was also filmed in Iceland for some of its scenes, as was Ridley
Iceland
Interstellar absorption and scattering of light
the interstellar material, e.g. dust grains. Known absorption features include the 2175 Å bump, the diffuse interstellar bands, the 3.1 μm water ice feature
Extinction_(astronomy)
Branch of astronomy
will analyze interstellar and interplanetary dust on cruise to Phaethon The Interstellar Dust Experiment (IDEX) will fly on the Interstellar Mapping and
Dust_astronomy
This is a list of molecules that have been detected in the interstellar medium and circumstellar envelopes, grouped by the number of component atoms. The
List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules
List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules
2003 television film directed by Winrich Kolbe
space phenomenon. After traveling through interstellar space, the vessel is drawn towards an unidentified ice planet where it lands automatically in a
Ice_Planet_(film)
Absorption features in astronomical spectra
Diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are absorption features seen in the spectra of astronomical objects in the Milky Way and other galaxies. They are caused
Diffuse_interstellar_bands
Chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen
Clouds consist of suspended droplets of water and ice, its solid state. When finely divided, crystalline ice may precipitate in the form of snow. The gaseous
Water
1977 radio signal detected as part of SETI
from a non-tectonic cryoseism (ice quake) Fast radio burst – Astronomical high energy transient pulse List of interstellar radio messages Oh-My-God particle –
Wow!_signal
Performances by the American actress Anne Hathaway
Supporting Actress. In 2014, she played a NASA scientist in Nolan's Interstellar, and she was nominated for a Drama League Award for Distinguished Performance
List of Anne Hathaway performances
List_of_Anne_Hathaway_performances
1984 film by Stewart Raffill
screen. Jason (Robert Urich) leads a band of spacemen who steal ice from a fleet of interstellar refrigerators. The water in the galaxy is controlled by the
The_Ice_Pirates
Cosmic dust that originates from a comet
ratios of comet and of interstellar dust are very similar, indicating a common origin. The 1) interstellar model says that ices formed on dust grains in
Comet_dust
Chemical compound
synthesis of prebiotic molecules via nonequilibrium reactions on interstellar ices initiated by energetic galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and photons. Methyl
Methyl_azide
Organic compound with the formula H2C=C=O
Reggie L.; Loeffler, Mark J. (31 July 2013). "Ketene Formation in Interstellar Ices: A Laboratory Study". The Astrophysical Journal. 773 (2): 109. Bibcode:2013ApJ
Ethenone
Icelandic glacier
background in the movie Interstellar, directed and produced by Christopher Nolan. Vatnajökull has around 30 outlet glaciers flowing from the ice cap. The Icelandic
Vatnajökull
Antarctic base
for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA)". European Science Foundation. Archived from the original on 2012-06-12. Koll, D.; et., al. (2019). "Interstellar 60Fe
Kohnen_Station
American-Dutch astrochemist
optical properties of interstellar dust and for founding the first laboratory dedicated to simulating interstellar dust and ice grains under realistic
J._Mayo_Greenberg
of these studies deal with the formation of prebiotic molecules on interstellar ices and cometary surfaces. For this, UV is sourced from lamps or synchrotrons
Stellar influences on an origin of life setting
Stellar_influences_on_an_origin_of_life_setting
1974 science fiction novel by Alan Dean Foster
only hope of reaching the planet's sole interstellar outpost—a year's perilous journey away by local wind-driven ice-rafts—lies in actively supporting their
Icerigger
of planet formation is the nebular hypothesis, which posits that an interstellar cloud collapses out of a nebula to create a young protostar orbited by
Lists_of_planets
Discrepancy of the lack of evidence for alien life despite its apparent likelihood
civilizations may have developed interstellar travel, a step that humans are investigating. Even at the slow pace of envisioned interstellar travel, the Milky Way
Fermi_paradox
Hypothetical gas giant ejected out of the Solar System
The Fifth Giant is a hypothetical ice giant proposed as part of the five-planet Nice model, an extension of the Nice model of Solar System evolution.
Fifth_Giant
Supported hypothesis for the origin of life
space is, however, well-supported. Interstellar molecules are formed by chemical reactions within very sparse interstellar or circumstellar clouds of dust
Pseudo-panspermia
Chemical compound
"Radical-Molecule Reaction C3H + H2O on Amorphous Water Ice: A Promising Route for Interstellar Propynal", The Astrophysical Journal, 670 (1): 449–456
Propiolaldehyde
Super-Earth ice exoplanet
OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb (known sometimes as Hoth by NASA) is a super-Earth ice exoplanet orbiting OGLE-2005-BLG-390L, a star 21,500 ± 3,300 light-years (6
OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb
2025 studio album by Andy Bell
(composed with Harry, Luciana Caporaso, and Nick Clow) and "Put Your Empathy on Ice" (composed with Sisely Treasure). On 12 December 2025, Bell released a limited-edition
Ten_Crowns
American actor (born 1978)
Economics (2021–2023) and has had supporting roles in films such as Interstellar (2014), BlacKkKlansman (2018), and Heretic (2024). Christopher John Grace
Topher_Grace
Planetary object disrupted by other body
Formation and evolution of the Solar System Giant-impact hypothesis Interstellar medium List of stars that have unusual dimming periods Nebular hypothesis
Disrupted_planet
Scientific projections regarding the far future
on trajectories that will take them out of the Solar System and into interstellar space. Barring an extremely unlikely collision with some object, all
Timeline_of_the_far_future
Video game protagonist
conflicts and the conspiracies of the antagonistic Abyss Order. They are an interstellar traveler from outside of Teyvat with the ability to manipulate elemental
Traveler_(Genshin_Impact)
American actor, choreographer, clown and comedian (born 1950)
Christmas, Rachel Getting Married (2008), and the Christopher Nolan films Interstellar (2014) and The Odyssey (2026). On television, he recurred as Dr. Peter
Bill_Irwin
American pro-contact astrobiologist (born 1961)
civilizations. Douglas Vakoch grew up in rural Minnesota. He created his first interstellar message as a high school student—a series of two-dimensional pictures
Douglas_Vakoch
Chemical compound
Erickson, E. F.; Kraetschmer, W. (September 1982). "Observation of interstellar ammonia ice". The Astrophysical Journal. 260: 141. Bibcode:1982ApJ...260..141K
Ammonia
British-Canadian recording artist, film, and television score composer and producer
Porcaro, and a solo album on Capitol Records "Cinema label" called The Interstellar Suite, which launched his career in music for film and television. Bhatia
Amin_Bhatia
Interstellar comet in 2019
(Borisov), is the first observed rogue comet and the second observed interstellar interloper, after ʻOumuamua. It was discovered by the amateur astronomer
2I/Borisov
Indian film and Television actress
Retrieved 19 September 2019. "Tik Tik Tik, not a complex film like Interstellar, assures Rethika Srinivas". The New Indian Express. 24 June 2018. Archived
Rethika_Srinivas
Natural object in space that releases gas
A comet is an icy, small Solar System body or interstellar object that warms and begins to release gases when passing close to the Sun, a process called
Comet
Character in A Song of Ice and Fire and Game of Thrones
Lord Varys is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin, and its television
Varys
NASA sample-return mission to Comet 81P/Wild 2 (1999–2011)
14 August 2014, scientists announced the identification of possible interstellar dust particles from the Stardust capsule returned to Earth in 2006. Beginning
Stardust_(spacecraft)
Space propulsion method using Sun radiation
possibility of solar radiation pressure distributing life spores across interstellar distances, providing one means to explain the concept of panspermia.
Solar_sail
Accumulation of matter around a star
Within this disc, the formation of small dust grains made of rocks and ices can occur, and these can coagulate into planetesimals. If the disc is sufficiently
Circumstellar_disc
2026 video game
story progresses. A space station colony is caught in the middle of an interstellar storm. A colonist named Togen brings a young Maki and Omura and puts
Orbitals_(video_game)
Upcoming video game
particularly due to the involvement of Academy Award-winning actor and Interstellar lead Matthew McConaughey, who voices character C.C. Orlev. The game focuses
Exodus_(2027_video_game)
The Grand Budapest Hotel Won The Imitation Game Nominated Hans Zimmer Interstellar Nominated Gary Yershon Mr. Turner Nominated Jóhann Jóhannsson The Theory
List of European Academy Award winners and nominees
List_of_European_Academy_Award_winners_and_nominees
Protostar in the constellation Sagittarius
G. M.; Van Dishoeck, E. F.; Kerkhof, O. (2000). "An Inventory of Interstellar ICES toward the Embedded Protostar W33A". The Astrophysical Journal. 536
W33A
British adventure climber
(Wolverine, in 2011 with Klemen Premrl, at Helmcken Falls), at grade W12 (Interstellar Spice, in 2016 with Klemen Premrl, at Helmcken Falls), and at grade W13
Tim_Emmett
Concept of permanent human habitation outside of Earth
technology. At average speeds of even 0.1% of the speed of light (c) interstellar expansion across the entire Milky Way galaxy would take up to one-half
Space_colonization
Infinity was released in September 1972, Five years after his death. Interstellar Space, an album containing his last recordings was released in September
List of music released posthumously
List_of_music_released_posthumously
1995 novel by Charles R. Pellegrino and George Zebrowski
Sun, inside asteroids, beneath the crusts of moons, within ice rings, and in interstellar space. Most are however hunted down and slaughtered. The last
The_Killing_Star
Knight Trilogy films, as well as The Prestige (2006), Inception (2010), Interstellar (2014), Dunkirk (2017) and Tenet (2020). Caine announced his retirement
Michael_Caine_filmography
Seventh planet from the Sun
cyan-coloured ice giant. Most of the planet is made of water, ammonia, and methane in a supercritical phase of matter, which astronomers call "ice" or "volatiles"
Uranus
Star in the constellation Cetus
Interplanetary space Interstellar cloud Interstellar dust Interstellar medium Interstellar space Kuiper belt List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules
LHS_1140
Character from A Song of Ice and Fire
Brienne of Tarth is a fictional character in George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels and its television adaptation, Game of
Brienne_of_Tarth
Circumbinary gas giant orbiting the Kepler-1647 star system
Interplanetary space Interstellar cloud Interstellar dust Interstellar medium Interstellar space Kuiper belt List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules
Kepler-1647b
outside the Solar System could also be catastrophic to life on Earth. Interstellar objects, including asteroids, comets, and rogue planets, are difficult
Global_catastrophe_scenarios
American actor (born 1939)
(2014). Devane had a cameo role as Williams, as part of NASA, in the film Interstellar (2014), and was also part of the regular cast of the sitcom The Grinder
William_Devane
Fictional artefacts from Arthur C. Clarke's ''Space Odyssey'' novels
of non-human origin. The species that built the Monoliths developed interstellar travel millions or billions of years before the present time. In the
Monolith_(Space_Odyssey)
Class of molecules formed by ultraviolet irradiation of organic compounds
to convert carbon-containing ice grains entirely to complex organics in less than the lifetime of the typical interstellar cloud. Some researchers have
Tholin
Galaxy containing the Solar System
The mass of the Milky Way's interstellar gas is equal to between 10% and 15% of the total mass of its stars. Interstellar dust accounts for an additional
Milky_Way
alternatives to conventional laboratory spectrometers. 23 January – The largest interstellar organosulfur molecule (2.5-cyclohexadiene-1-thione) so far is identified
2026_in_science
Fictional universe created by Isaac Asimov
century (2236) in a star system about 2 light years from Earth, when interstellar travel was new Robot series (II): "Mother Earth" (1949) — short story
Foundation_universe
Holtzman, scientist who discovered the Holtzman effect, which makes interstellar space travel possible Lord Niko Bludd, Holtzman's greedy patron Seurat
List_of_Dune_characters
Largest moon of Saturn
2021. Retrieved November 21, 2021. Bell, Jim (February 24, 2015). The Interstellar Age: Inside the Forty-Year Voyager Mission. Penguin Publishing Group
Titan_(moon)
Theme in science fiction
to the future, a form of forward-only time travel, or to facilitate interstellar space travel, which necessitates an extended journey for months or years
Suspended animation in fiction
Suspended_animation_in_fiction
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