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Sub-branch of the Turkic language family
The Karluk or Qarluq languages are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family that developed from the varieties spoken by Karluks, an ancient people present
Karluk_languages
Medieval Turkic tribal confederacy of Central Asia
majority of Uzbeks and Uyghurs indeed descend from Karluk tribes, and their languages are part of the Karluk subgroup, making them linguistically and historically
Karluks
Karluk Turkic language
a Karluk Turkic language spoken by Uzbeks. It is the official and national language of Uzbekistan and formally succeeded Chagatai, an earlier Karluk language
Uzbek_language
(Eastern) Salar, an Oghuz language outlier strongly influenced by Karluk and Kipchak languages and also by non-Turkic languages like Tibetan and Chinese
List_of_Turkic_languages
of them belong to the Karluk languages branch of the Turkic language family. Uzbek language is the only official state language, and since 1992 is officially
Languages_of_Uzbekistan
Karluk Turkic language
language. Uyghur belongs to the Karluk branch of the Turkic language family, which includes languages such as Uzbek. Like many other Turkic languages
Uyghur_language
Extinct Karluk Turkic language
Uyghur languages. Kazakh and Turkmen, which are not within the Karluk branch but are in the Kipchak and Oghuz branches of the Turkic languages respectively
Chagatai_language
900s–1500s phase of the Turkic languages
Turkic language family, covering much of the Middle Ages (c. 900–1500 CE). In particular the term is used by linguists to refer to a group of Karluk, Oghuz
Middle_Turkic_languages
Topics referred to by the same term
the mouth of the Karluk River Karluk Airport Karluk (1884 ship), a ship crushed and sunk by Arctic ice in January 1914. Karluk languages, spoken in Central
Karluk
Turkic ethnic group
general region of Central Asia and East Asia. They speak Uyghur, a Karluk language that shares the same origin with Uzbek. The Uyghurs are recognized
Uyghurs
Endangered Karluk Turkic language
Ili Turki is an endangered Turkic language spoken primarily in China, of the Karluk branch of Turkic. In 2007, it was reported that there were around
Ili_Turki_language
Extinct Karluk Turkic language
vols.): Qiṣaṣ al-Anbiyā': An Eastern Turkish Version (Second ed.). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-29483-7. Johanson & Johanson, 2003, The Turkic Languages v t e
Khorezmian_Turkic
Classification of the Turkic language family
Turkic (Karluk) Northeastern Common Turkic (Siberian) Arghu (Khalaj) In that classification scheme, Common Turkic is opposed to the Oghuric languages (Lir-Turkic)
Common_Turkic_languages
Karluk Turkic cryptolect
Iranian languages. Some linguists call it a mixed language, but other linguists argue that it does not meet the technical requirements of a mixed language. The
Äynu_language
Extinct Siberian Turkic language of Central and East Asia
Uyghur language that is the official language of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region is not descended from Old Uyghur. It is a descendant of the Karluk languages
Old_Uyghur
Turkic-speaking people of the Tarim Basin
the Tarim Basin in today's Xinjiang, China, whose native language is one of the Karluk languages and whose ancestral heritages include Tocharians, Iranic
Taranchi
Siberian Turkic language of Gansu, China
branches of the Turkic language family, respectively the Karluk languages spoken in the Kara-Khanid Khanate (such as the Xākānī language described in Mahmud
Western_Yugur_language
Sub-branch of the Turkic language family
of Central Asiatic Turkic languages (including Karluk and Kipchak). Oghuz languages apparently originate from the language of the people known as "Western
Oghuz_languages
Turkic language of the Oghuz sub-branch
from other non-Oghuz Turkic languages such as Chagatai, Kipchak and the Karluk languages, along with non-Turkic languages belonging to the Sino-Tibetan
Salar_language
Extinct Turkic dialect
extinct dialect of the Uyghur language in the Karluk group of Turkic languages. Khotons use the Oirat dialect of Mongolic languages in daily life. Khoton is
Khoton_language
Extinct Karluk Turkic language
language. It is sometimes classified under the Old Turkic category, rather than Middle Turkic, as it is contemporary to the East Old Turkic languages
Karakhanid_language
Ethnic history
Uyghurs. The modern Uyghur language is not descended from Old Uyghur; rather, it is a descendant of the Karluk languages spoken by the Kara-Khanid Khanate
History_of_the_Uyghur_people
Language family
Argu, or the Arghu languages, are a branch of Common Turkic languages along with Oghuz, Kipchak, Karluk and Siberian Turkic. Unlike other branches, this
Argu_languages
Language policy in the Soviet Union
The languages of the Soviet Union consist of hundreds of different languages and dialects from several different language groups. In 1922, it was decreed
Languages_of_the_Soviet_Union
Hazara tribe
Qarlugh (Persian: قرلغ), Qarluq (Persian: قرلق) or Karluk is a tribe of the Hazaras. Initially, the Qarluq Hazaras are reported to have followed Tengriism
Qarlugh_(Hazara_tribe)
14th-century ethnocultural synthesis in Asia
and the Chagatai Ulus began to adopt Islam and use Turkic languages (of the Kipchak or Karluk groups) as a lingua franca. By the 15th century, these Muslim
Turco-Mongol_tradition
756–840 Karluk Turkic polity in Central Asia
The Karluk Yabghu (simplified Chinese: 葛逻禄叶护国; traditional Chinese: 葛邏祿葉護國; pinyin: Géluólù Yèhùguó) was a polity ruled by Karluk tribes, estimated to
Karluk_Yabghu
Turkic ethnic group of Central Asia
Shaybanids then opted to assimilate with the Karluk majority and eventually adopted the Karluk language; since the 17th century, their elite designation
Uzbeks
non-Indo-European languages, most speak languages within either the Uralic or Turkic families. Still smaller groups — such as Basque (language isolate), Semitic
Languages_of_Europe
Turkic state in Central Asia from 840 to 1212
آل افراسیاب, romanized: Āl-i Afrāsiyāb, lit. 'House of Afrasiab'), was a Karluk Turkic khanate that ruled Central Asia from the 9th to the early 13th century
Kara-Khanid_Khanate
Scripts used to write the Uyghur language
to Western Yugur, while modern Uyghur is descended from one of the Karluk languages. In the 5th century Old Uyghur was written for the first time using
Uyghur_alphabets
Zhuang Southern Zhuang Bouyei Dai Tai Lü language Tai Nüa language Tai Dam language Tai Ya language Karluk Ili Turki Uyghur Uzbek Kipchak Kazakh Kyrgyz
Languages_of_China
Language family of Eurasia
The Turkic languages may be divided into six branches: Turkic Common Turkic Oghuz Turkic (Southwestern) Kipchak Turkic (Northwestern) Karluk Turkic (Southeastern)
Turkic_languages
Medieval ethnohistorical term used for the people of Oghuz Turkic origin
non-Oghuz Turks such as Karluks also have been called Turkomans and Turkmens; Kafesoğlu (1958) proposes that Türkmen might be the Karluks' equivalent of the
Turkoman_(ethnonym)
11th-century work by Yūsuf Balasaguni
written in a Karluk language known as the "Karakhanid language" but often simply referred to as "Middle Turkic". It's similar to the language of the Orkhon
Kutadgu_Bilig
Geographic range of dialects that vary more strongly at the distant ends
the Turkic languages are very close to one another, and they share basic features such as SOV word order, vowel harmony (except the Karluk sub-branch
Dialect_continuum
751 battle between the Abbasid Caliphate and the Tang dynasty
by the Abbasid army under Ziyad ibn Salih and Karluk mercenaries. Sources differ on whether the Karluks defected to the Abbasids or if they were Abbasid
Battle_of_Talas
Iranic ethnic group in Xinjiang, China
language. Sarikoli and Wakhi are Iranian languages, commonly classified in the Pamir or Eastern Iranian areal groups. The Tor Tajiks speak a Karluk language
Tajiks_in_China
Assimilation towards Mongolic culture
reign marked the Mongolization of the Karluk Turkic people at some aspects, such as the development of Chagatai language and the fusion of Mongol to Turco-Persian
Mongolization
Turkic ethnic group in Xinjiang, China
Xinjiang, China. They speak the Ili Turki language, which belongs to the Karluk branch of the Turkic languages. The oral history of the Ili Turks says that
Ili_Turks
Turkic people in Inner Asia
other East Asian languages, Rouran To̤ro̤x/Türǖg, Manchu Tule/Turuhe, Korean 돌궐/Dolgwol, and Old Tibetan Drugu. In Indo-Iranian languages Turks were recorded
Göktürks
Census-designated place in Alaska, United States
Karluk (Kal’uq or Kal’ut in Alutiiq; Russian: Карлук) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kodiak Borough, Kodiak Island, Alaska, United States. As of
Karluk,_Alaska
Historical sinicized empire in Central Asia
Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The Anushtegin dynasty, the Karluks, Qocho kingdom, the Kankalis, and the Kara-Khanid Khanate were vassal states
Qara_Khitai
766–1055 Turkic state in Central Asia
time the bulk of the Uch-Karluk (Three Karluks) confederation had left the Altai, and the supremacy in Zhetysu passed to the Karluk tribes. After the Oghuz
Oghuz_Yabgu_State
Oghur Turkic language
languages (Karluk): adaq, qod- z - languages (Kypchak): azaq, qoz- r - languages (Oghur): ura, hur- (dial. ora, hor-) Often in the Chuvash language,
Chuvash_language
Turkic nomadic people in Eurasia
Bashkir, Bulgar and other origin; the eastern Kipchak merged with the Kimek, Karluk, Kara-Khitai and others. They were all identified by the ethnonym Kipchak
Kipchaks
Empire existed). The other Anatolian languages included Luwian and later Lycian, Lydian and Milyan. All these languages are believed to have become extinct
Languages_of_Turkey
Region of Uzbekistan
speak in Khwarazmian, which is an Oghuz dialect of Turkic Languages that is different from Karluk (in which most of other Uzbek regions' people speak). The
Khorazm_Region
Battle between the Umayyad Caliphate and the Tang dynasty
and their Turgesh and Tibetan allies, against the Tang dynasty, and their Karluk and Western Turk allies. In 717 AD, the Umayyads, guided by their Turgesh
Battle_of_Aksu_(717)
699–766 Turkic tribal confederation of Central Asia
established a khaganate in 699. The Türgesh Khaganate lasted until 766 when the Karluks defeated them. Türgesh and Göktürks were related through marriage. Tekin
Türgesh
Japanese manga series by Kaoru Mori
Amir, who travels from a distant village across the mountains to marry Karluk, a young man eight years her junior. The series follows their relationship
A_Bride's_Story
Historical expansion of Turkic tribes and languages
Göktürk Empire like the Bulgars and even central ones like the Oghuz and Karluks migrated autonomously with migrating traders, soldiers and townspeople
Turkic_migration
Kipchak Turkic language
language. // Languages of the World: Turkic languages. pp. 242–254. ISBN 5-85759-061-2. Kenesbaev & Karasheva (1966). Kazakh language. // Languages of
Kazakh_language
Bilateral relations
2021. Both Kazakhs and Uzbeks are descended from the ancient Kipchaks and Karluks, who also turned to be descendants of the ancient Western Turkic Khaganate's
Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan relations
Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan_relations
Turkic tribe
sources, originating from the Lop Nor region. They were a core part of the Karluk confederacy located in the Altai Mountains. Many of them migrated to the
Bulaqs
Topics referred to by the same term
kyk may refer to: Karluk Airport (IATA and FAA LID code), Alaska, United States Kamayo language (ISO 639-3 language code), a language native to Philippines
KYK
Demographic and cultural assimilation process
culture that, while carrying Turco-Mongol traditions, became very much Karluk Turkified nation. The Shaybanids, also known as Uzbeks, were led by Muhammad
Uzbekisation
Indigenous structure
Barabaras in Karluk, Alaska with steeple in background Barabaras in Karluk Group of men in front of structures including a barabara at center, Karluk Village
Barabara
744–840 Turkic empire in East Asia
to exist as a people. Hostilities between the Uyghurs and Karluks then forced the Karluks to migrate west into Zhetysu and conflict with the Türgesh
Uyghur_Khaganate
Abbasid caliph from 748 to 754
due to the defection of Karluk mercenaries and the retreat of Ferghana allies who originally supported the Chinese. The Karluk mercenaries, two-thirds
Al-Saffah
Western Turkic people
confederation migrated westward from the Jetisu area after a conflict with the Karluk allies of the Uyghurs. In the 9th century, the Oghuz from the Aral steppes
Oghuz_Turks
Extinct Turkic people
to a series of intertribal confrontations in the Eurasian steppes. The Karluks attacked the Oghuz Turks, forcing them to launch a westward migration towards
Pechenegs
Dialect of the Uyghur language
government. Lop belongs to the Karluk branch of Turkic languages, along with Uyghur and Uzbek. Its status as a distinct language from Uyghur is disputed. Although
Lop_dialect
State office in the early Turkic states, roughly equivalent to viceroy
Khaganate in the 740s. Another prominent example was the Karluk Yabghu, the head of the Karluks which, in the 766, occupied Suyab in the Jeti-su area, and
Yabghu
Turkic ethnic group
the 13th to the 14th centuries. These peoples speak Turkic languages of the Kipchak-Karluk branch and their admixture ages postdate the presumed migrations
Bashkirs
History of the Turkic peoples
dissolution of the Türgesh Khanate by the Karluks of the Uyghur Khanate, the establishment of the autonomous Karluk Khanate, the laying of the foundations
Turkic_history
Monarchical state ruled by a khan
Khanate of Bukhara Khanate of Khiva Kyrgyz Khaganate Kara-Kyrgyz Khanate Karluk Khanate Khanate of Kashgaria – Kashgaria was founded in 1514 as part of
Khanate
Family of ethnic groups of Eurasia
as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages. According to historians and linguists, the Proto-Turkic language originated in Central-East Asia, potentially
Turkic_peoples
Country in Central Asia
Uzbek language is one of the Turkic languages. It belongs to the Karluk branch of the Turkic language family, which also includes the Uyghur language. It
Uzbekistan
Early history Tele Rouran Khaganate Göktürks Kangar union Kimek Khanate Karluks Oghuz Yabgu State Xueyantuo Khaganate Uyghur Khaganate Kyrgyz Khaganate
List of regions of Kazakhstan by GDP
List_of_regions_of_Kazakhstan_by_GDP
Historical semi-nomadic Turkic ethnic group
theories of their languages, but analysis of their languages' origins is difficult, since no indigenous records in the Khazar language survive, and the
Khazars
Bilateral relations
medieval and pre-modern Ottoman Empire and Timurid Empire (as well as the Karluk branch in India). As for the result, their relations had been a mix of both
Turkey–Uzbekistan_relations
Turkic ethnic group in Pakistan
Uzbeks are a small community in Pakistan. They were one of the first Karluk tribes to arrive in the modern-day region of Pakistan; they ruled the area
Uzbeks_in_Pakistan
Ethnic group
the region as the Karluks, who established their kingdom in Zhetysu, the "Land of the Seven Rivers" beneath Lake Balkhash. The Karluks most likely converted
Turkic_Christians
Island off the coast of Alaska, United States
airline. Other settlements include the villages of Akhiok, Old Harbor, Karluk, Larsen Bay, Port Lions, and an unorganized community near Cape Chiniak
Kodiak_Island
Uzbek dialect spoken in Afghanistan and Pakistan
writing of loanwords from Arabic, Persian, or any of the European languages. Chagatai language Uzbek literature "Southern Uzbek". ethnologue.com. Retrieved
Southern_Uzbek_language
Literary works written in the Uyghur language
language is a Karluk language from the Turkic language family. It is not descended from Old Uyghur. From the late 15th century, the Chagatai language
Uyghur_literature
Earliest attested Turkic language
the Transeurasian Languages. Oxford University Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-19-880462-8. The Oxford Guide to the Transeurasian Languages. p. 413. Robbeets
Old_Turkic
850–1050 AD Turkic-speaking tribe of the Kimak confederation
CHAM- PA NAN- ZHAO TURK SHAHIS TANG DYNASTY SILLA Khitans Jurchens Tungus KARLUK YABGHU Tatars CHENLA DVARA- VATI SRIVIJAYA Kyrgyzs Paleo-Siberians Samoyeds
Yemek
Series of military campaigns (1209–1236)
threatened his new empire. The Uyghur kingdom Qocho and leaders of the Karluks submitted voluntarily to the Mongol Empire and married into the imperial
Mongol campaigns in Central Asia
Mongol_campaigns_in_Central_Asia
Bilateral relations
forging into the Karluks and the Siberian Turkic peoples, with the latter experienced stronger Mongolian influence later on. Later, the Karluks and Mongols
Mongolia–Uzbekistan_relations
552–603 khaganate founded by the Göktürks
diffusion model over a demic diffusion model for the spread of Turkic languages" and refutes "the western Eurasian origin and multiple origin hypotheses"
First_Turkic_Khaganate
Persian dialect spoken by the Hazara people
Daykundi, the local dialect of Dari contains some Turkic loanwords via Karluk. Najib Mayel Heravi about the Hazaragi dialects: "The Hazaragi dialects
Hazaragi_dialects
Topics referred to by the same term
to: Turkoman (ethnonym), ethnonym used for the Oghuz Turks, and partially Karluk Turks, during the Middle Ages Turkmen in Anatolia and the Levant (Seljuk
Turkmen
Turkic ethnic group
these "Türkmens" might be Karluks instead of modern Türkmens' Oghuz-speaking ancestors; as Türkmen might be the Karluks' equivalent of the Göktürks'
Turkmens
2016 Polish film
Stanislawa Beksinska Danuta Nagórna [pl] - Stanislawa Stankiewicz Alicja Karluk - Patrycja Magdalena Boczarska - Ewa Agnieszka Michalska [pl] - Helena On
The_Last_Family
Distinctive culture in West Asia
further by conquering peoples, mainly the two key Turkic groups Oghuz and Karluk tribes, to neighbouring regions, eventually becoming the predominant culture
Turco-Persian_tradition
Turco-Mongol conqueror (1320s–1405)
fragmented shortly after his death. He spoke several languages, including the Karluk Turkic language Chagatai (an ancestor of modern Uzbek and Uyghur),
Timur
1238–1266 Karluk Turkic dynasty
principality and dynasty that lasted between 1236 and 1266. The Qarlughids (Karluk Turks) arrived from the north to settle in the regions of Hazarajat together
Qarlughids
Canadian anthropologist
from yellow fever contracted while in New Guinea, Jenness boarded HMCS Karluk, a brigantine formerly used as a whaling ship, along with 12 other scientists
Diamond_Jenness
Indigenous Alaska Natives
Alutiiq language. It is one of the Eskaleut languages, belonging to the Yup'ik branch of these languages. The Kodiak dialect of the language was being
Alutiiq
1920–1936 autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR
Early history Tele Rouran Khaganate Göktürks Kangar union Kimek Khanate Karluks Oghuz Yabgu State Xueyantuo Khaganate Uyghur Khaganate Kyrgyz Khaganate
Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic
Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic
Turkic ethnic group indigenous to Siberia
Kypchak–Kyrgyz group of Kypchak languages. Beginning in the 12th century, the Siberian Tatar language received some Karluk influences. Those Siberian Tatars
Siberian_Tatars
Pan-Turkic auxiliary language with statistical vocabulary
language family. They demonstrated this for Turkic, Slavonic, Iranian and Romance languages, but it is applicable to any group of related languages.
Ortatürk
Historic church in Alaska, United States
in Karluk, Alaska. Now it is under Diocese of Alaska of the Orthodox Church in America It is believed that an original church was built in Karluk in the
Ascension_of_Our_Lord_Chapel
13th-15th century Mongol horde
Early history Tele Rouran Khaganate Göktürks Kangar union Kimek Khanate Karluks Oghuz Yabgu State Xueyantuo Khaganate Uyghur Khaganate Kyrgyz Khaganate
White_Horde
Historic church in Alaska, United States
deteriorate. Its design was based on that of the 1888 Russian Orthodox church at Karluk, which itself was based upon the church at Belkofski. This church has a
Nativity_of_Our_Lord_Chapel
Ancient Iranian civilization (6th century BCE – 11th century CE)
region experienced a significant religious-political development when the Karluk Turks conquered Zhetysu in 766 and then, most likely, converted to Syriac
Sogdia
Medieval Turkic tribe
They were one component of a confederation which consisted of Yagma, the Karluks, the Chigils and other tribes which founded the Kara-Khanid Khanate. From
Yagma
Early history Tele Rouran Khaganate Göktürks Kangar union Kimek Khanate Karluks Oghuz Yabgu State Xueyantuo Khaganate Uyghur Khaganate Kyrgyz Khaganate
2026_in_Kazakhstan
KARLUK LANGUAGES
KARLUK LANGUAGES
Girl/Female
American, French, German, Latin
Little and Womanly; Womanly; Strength; Female Version of Charles; Form of Karley
Girl/Female
American, British, Christian, English, French, German, Latin, Scandinavian
Womanly; Strength; Little and Womanly; Female Version of Karl
Girl/Female
Scandinavian American German
Womanly; strength. Feminine of Karl.
Female
English
Feminine form of German Karl, KARLA means "man."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Telugu
Son of Lord Shiva and Leader of Deva Army; Kartik is a Hindu Month
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Carly, KARLY means "man."
Girl/Female
Scandinavian German
Womanly; strength. Feminine of Karl.
Girl/Female
Scandinavian American German
Womanly; strength. Feminine of Karl.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Son of Lord Shiva and leader of Deva army, Kartik means Hindu month
Girl/Female
Scandinavian American German
Womanly; strength. Feminine of Karl.
Girl/Female
Scandinavian American German
Womanly; strength. Feminine of Karl.
Girl/Female
Scandinavian German
Womanly; strength. Feminine of Karl.
Girl/Female
American, British, Chinese, Christian, English, German, Scandinavian
A Form of Karley; Womanly and Strength; Variant of Carly; Womanly; Strength; Female Version of Karl
Girl/Female
Scandinavian American German
Womanly; strength. Feminine of Karl.
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Carlie, KARLEE means "man."
Girl/Female
German, Scandinavian
Womanly; Strength; Female Version of Karl; Tiny and Womanly
Girl/Female
Scandinavian German
Womanly; strength. Feminine of Karl.
Girl/Female
American, British, Chinese, English, German, Scandinavian
Womanly Strong; Little and Womanly; Strength; Female Version of Karl; Man; Free Man
Male
Native American
Native American Pawnee name KURUK means "bear."
Girl/Female
German, Scandinavian
Womanly; Strength; Female Version of Karl; Tiny and Womanly
KARLUK LANGUAGES
KARLUK LANGUAGES
Female
English
Pet form of English Kimberly, KIMBRA means "King's City Meadow."
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit, Tamil
Blissful
Girl/Female
French, German, Italian, Latin
Ruler of All; Queen of All; Total Monarch
Boy/Male
Tamil
Shiv Kumar | ஷிவகà¯à®®à®¾à®°
Son of Lord Shiva (Ganesh, Kartikeya) shivanandan
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Wise
Boy/Male
British, English
Place Name; Lake with the Hares
Boy/Male
Indian
Boy/Male
Muslim
Guardian, Protector
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
A Man who Dedicated to Arts; A Connoisseur
Girl/Female
Hindu
Sacrifice, Offer
KARLUK LANGUAGES
KARLUK LANGUAGES
KARLUK LANGUAGES
KARLUK LANGUAGES
KARLUK LANGUAGES
a.
Resting upon columns; constructed by means of columns; -- especially applied to the great hall at Karnak.
n.
A sound, of consonantal character, made with a rapid succession of partial or entire intermissions, by the vibration of some one part of the organs in the mouth -- tongue, uvula, epiglottis, or lip -- against another part; as, the r is a trill in most languages.
a.
Of or pertaining to any of the Teutonic languages, or the peoples who speak these languages.
n.
Same as Tsetse. U () the twenty-first letter of the English alphabet, is a cursive form of the letter V, with which it was formerly used interchangeably, both letters being then used both as vowels and consonants. U and V are now, however, differentiated, U being used only as a vowel or semivowel, and V only as a consonant. The true primary vowel sound of U, in Anglo-Saxon, was the sound which it still retains in most of the languages of Europe, that of long oo, as in tool, and short oo, as in wood, answering to the French ou in tour. Etymologically U is most closely related to o, y (vowel), w, and v; as in two, duet, dyad, twice; top, tuft; sop, sup; auspice, aviary. See V, also O and Y.
n.
One of the three surd mutes /, /, /; -- so called in relation to their respective middle letters, or medials, /, /, /, and their aspirates, /, /, /. The term is also applied to the corresponding letters and articulate elements in other languages.
a.
Of or pertaining to the Urals and the Altai; as the Ural-Altaic, or Turanian, languages.
n.
Alt. of Taluk
n.
The language of the ancient Germans; the Teutonic languages, collectively.
n.
A large estate; esp., one constituting a revenue district or dependency the native proprietor of which is responsible for the collection and payment of the public revenue due from it.
a.
Containing, or consisting of, three languages; expressed in three languages.
n.
A change of the natural order of words in a sentence; as, the Latin and Greek languages admit transposition, without inconvenience, to a much greater extent than the English.
n.
The yak.
superl.
Applied to forms in Anglo-Saxon, etc., which retain the old declensional endings. In the Teutonic languages the vowel stems have held the original endings most firmly, and are called strong; the stems in -n are called weak other constant stems conform, or are irregular.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or designating, an extensive family of languages of simple structure and low grade (called also Altaic, Ural-Altaic, and Scythian), spoken in the northern parts of Europe and Asia and Central Asia; of pertaining to, or designating, the people who speak these languages.
n.
A bovine mammal (Poephagus grunnies) native of the high plains of Central Asia. Its neck, the outer side of its legs, and its flanks, are covered with long, flowing, fine hair. Its tail is long and bushy, often white, and is valued as an ornament and for other purposes in India and China. There are several domesticated varieties, some of which lack the mane and the long hair on the flanks. Called also chauri gua, grunting cow, grunting ox, sarlac, sarlik, and sarluc.
n.
The languages, or rather the several dialects, which were originally forms of popular or vulgar Latin, and have now developed into Italian. Spanish, French, etc. (called the Romanic languages).
n.
Alt. of Sarlyk
sing.
A Bible consisting of four different Greek versions arranged in four columns by Origen; hence, any version in four languages or four columns.
n.
Of or pertaining to any or all of the various languages which, during the Middle Ages, sprung out of the old Roman, or popular form of Latin, as the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Provencal, etc.
n.
The ancient language of the Hindoos, long since obsolete in vernacular use, but preserved to the present day as the literary and sacred dialect of India. It is nearly allied to the Persian, and to the principal languages of Europe, classical and modern, and by its more perfect preservation of the roots and forms of the primitive language from which they are all descended, is a most important assistance in determining their history and relations. Cf. Prakrit, and Veda.