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KCipher-2 is a stream cipher jointly developed by Kyushu University and Japanese telecommunications company KDDI. It is standardized as ISO/IEC 18033–4
KCipher-2
Cryptography algorithm
for the next message is insecure (for example, this method was used by SSL 2.0). If an attacker knows the IV (or the previous block of ciphertext) before
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
NIST. National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2 October 2012. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015. Diffie, Whitfield;
Cryptography
Authenticated encryption with associated data algorithm
and 96-bit nonce) and a variant of the original Poly1305 (authenticating 2 strings) being combined in an IETF draft to be used in TLS and DTLS, and chosen
ChaCha20-Poly1305
Algorithm
non-repudiation purposes except by involving additional parties. See the ISO/IEC 13888-2 standard. Another application is to build hash functions from block ciphers
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Stream ciphers
1) // column 2 QR(10, 14, 2, 6) // column 3 QR(15, 3, 7, 11) // column 4 // Even round QR( 0, 1, 2, 3) // row 1 QR( 5, 6, 7, 4) // row 2 QR(10, 11, 8
Salsa20
Stream cipher
2020) Fluhrer; Mantin; Shamir (Summer–Fall 2002). "Attacks On RC4 and WEP". CryptoBytes. 5 (2). Archived from the original (PostScript) on 2 January 2015.
RC4
Japanese cryptography research project
128 bit block cipher as well as KCipher-2 (KDDI) and Enocoro-128v2 (Hitachi) as stream ciphers. However, only KCipher-2 has been listed on the "e-Government
CRYPTREC
Type of symmetric key cipher
ISBN 978-3-540-16076-2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-03-29. Christof Paar, Jan Pelzl, "Stream Ciphers", Chapter 2 of "Understanding Cryptography
Stream_cipher
Stream cipher
cipher have been identified. A5/1 is used in Europe and the United States. A5/2 was a deliberate weakening of the algorithm for certain export regions. A5/1
A5/1
Input to a cryptographic primitive
for the next message is insecure (for example, this method was used by SSL 2.0). If an attacker knows the IV (or the previous block of ciphertext) before
Initialization_vector
Ability to easily switch cryptographic primitives
that made it vulnerable to attacks, thus prompting the transition to SHA-2. With the rise of secure transport layer communication in the end of the 1990s
Cryptographic_agility
Stream cipher
multivariate system of quadratic equations. The first proof was done over field GF(2) for an old-fashioned stream cipher (where the key is the initial state).
QUAD_(cipher)
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Turing_(cipher)
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
MUGI
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
SOSEMANUK
Cryptographic attack
output is given by F ( x 1 , x 2 , x 3 ) = ( x 1 ∧ x 2 ) ⊕ ( ¬ x 1 ∧ x 3 ) {\displaystyle F(x_{1},x_{2},x_{3})=(x_{1}\wedge x_{2})\oplus (\neg x_{1}\wedge
Correlation_attack
Stream cipher algorithm
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
NLS_(cipher)
Stream cipher
differential attack. Phelix was selected as a Phase 2 Focus Candidate for both Profile 1 and Profile 2 by the eSTREAM project. The authors of Phelix classify
Phelix
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Scream_(cipher)
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
FISH_(cipher)
Cryptography primitive
uses a 256-bit key and the performance of the cipher is very good reaching 2 cycles per byte. As a hash function, collisions have been shown by Vincent
Panama_(cryptography)
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
SEAL_(cipher)
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Rabbit_(cipher)
Project to identify new stream ciphers for widespread adoption
ciphers for software applications with high throughput requirements" Profile 2: "Stream ciphers for hardware applications with restricted resources such
ESTREAM
Key that is easy to break with a specific cipher
and K2, and they have the property that: E K 1 ( E K 2 ( M ) ) = M {\displaystyle E_{K_{1}}(E_{K_{2}}(M))=M} where EK(M) is the encryption algorithm encrypting
Weak_key
Stream cipher
"Primitive Specification for SOBER-128 (Version 2.0)" (PDF). p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 April 2012. SOBER 128 page at Qualcomm Open Source
SOBER-128
Type of cryptographic attack
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Related-key_attack
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
WAKE_(cipher)
Stream cipher algorithm
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Polar_Bear_(cipher)
Concept in cryptography
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Keystream
Stream cipher
and Jennifer Seberry. It is one of the fastest eSTREAM candidates at around 2.6 cycles per byte on some platforms. It has a structure a little like RC4
Py_(cipher)
Stream cipher
selected as part of the portfolio for low area hardware ciphers (Profile 2) by the eSTREAM project. It is not patented and has been specified as an International
Trivium_(cipher)
Stream cipher
i − 55 + a i − 24 ( m o d 2 32 ) b i = b i − 57 + b i − 7 ( m o d 2 32 ) c i = c i − 58 + c i − 19 ( m o d 2 32 ) {\displaystyle
Pike_(cipher)
Cryptographic number generator
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
ISAAC_(cipher)
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
F-FCSR
Family of stream ciphers
SNOW 1.0, SNOW 2.0, and SNOW 3G use a shift register of 16 32-bit words, and a 32-bit add-rotate-XOR (ARX) output transformation with 2 or 3 words of state
SNOW
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
HC-256
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Crypto-1
Family of stream ciphers
Patent Number EP 1820295(B1), owned by Synaptic Laboratories. VEST was a Phase 2 Candidate in the eSTREAM competition in the hardware portfolio, but was not
VEST
Stream cipher
limited resources, and was one of the three ciphers accepted into Profile 2 of the eSTREAM portfolio. The algorithm is not patented and is free for any
MICKEY
Stream cipher
Willi Meier. It has been selected for the final eSTREAM portfolio for Profile 2 by the eSTREAM project. Grain is designed primarily for restricted hardware
Grain_(cipher)
Stream cipher
A5/2 is a stream cipher used to provide voice privacy in the GSM cellular telephone protocol. It was designed in 1992-1993 (finished March 1993) as a
A5/2
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
CryptMT
Methods to break a stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Stream_cipher_attacks
Stream cipher
of differing lengths (25, 31, 33, 39 bits) and two internal states, each 2 bits long. At each clock tick, the registers are shifted and the two states
E0_(cipher)
Stream cipher
+ s i + 93 + b i + 2 + b i + 15 + b i + 36 + b i + 45 + b i + 64 + b i + 73 + b i + 89 {\displaystyle y_{i}=h(x)+s_{i+93}+b_{i+2
Grain_128a
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Variably Modified Permutation Composition
Variably_Modified_Permutation_Composition
Mathematical function used in cryptography
light-weight T-functions that are balanced out after 2 rounds by the transposition layer making all the 2-round feedback functions of roughly the same width
T-function
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
LILI-128
128-bit IV. The claimed security level of 2 128 {\displaystyle 2^{128}} bits has been reduced to 2 88 {\displaystyle 2^{88}} . Anashin, Vladimir; Bogdanov,
ABC_(stream_cipher)
Family of stream ciphers
register turned out to be vulnerable to "guess and determine" attacks. SOBER-2 changed the position of the feedback and output taps to resist the above attacks
SOBER
Stream cipher algorithm
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
DICING
{\displaystyle y\gets y\lll 9} Step 2: x ← x ⊕ ( z ≪ 1 ) ⊕ ( ( y ∧ z ) ≪ 2 ) {\displaystyle x\gets x\oplus (z\ll 1)\oplus ((y\land z)\ll 2)} y ← y ⊕ x ⊕ ( ( x ∨ z
Gimli_(cipher)
{h}}j-1{\mathcal {i}}}(a_{2+i}^{{\mathcal {h}}j-1{\mathcal {i}}}+1)+1} , где 0 ⩽ i < 53 {\displaystyle 0\leqslant i<53} и 2 ⩽ j ⩽ 5 {\displaystyle 2\leqslant j\leqslant
MOSQUITO
Stream cipher algorithm
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
WG_(cipher)
Stream cipher algorithm
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
CJCSG
Stream cipher algorithm
network. It has not been selected for focus nor for consideration during Phase 2; it has been 'archived'. "TRBDK3 YAEA". eSTREAM. Archived from the original
TRBDK3_YAEA
Stream cipher algorithm
eCRYPT network. It has not been selected as a focus algorithm nor for Phase 2; it has been 'archived'. Moreau, Thierry (20 April 2005). The Frogbit cipher
Frogbit_(cipher)
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Mir-1
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Hermes8
{\displaystyle f(x_{1},x_{2},\ldots ,x_{n})} . A function f : F 2 n → F 2 {\displaystyle f:\mathbb {F} _{2}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb {F} _{2}} is k {\displaystyle
Correlation_immunity
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
SFINKS
Cipher algorithm
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Dragon_(cipher)
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
LEVIATHAN_(cipher)
resources with AES implementations. Designed by Alex Biryukov, LEX is a Phase 2 Focus candidate for the eSTREAM project. It is not patented. A new revision
LEX_(cipher)
Form of pseudorandom number generator
with asymptotic complexity O ( L 2 .2 2 L / 3 ) {\displaystyle O(L^{2}.2^{2L/3})} and O ( 2 2 L / 3 ) {\displaystyle O(2^{2L/3})} bits, where L {\displaystyle
Alternating_step_generator
sequence is the N-adic number a = a 0 + a 1 N + a 2 N 2 + … {\displaystyle a=a_{0}+a_{1}N+a_{2}N^{2}+\dots } The fundamental theorem of FCSRs says that
Feedback with Carry Shift Registers
Feedback_with_Carry_Shift_Registers
Stream cipher
⊕ Lt + 12 ⊕ Lt + 11 ⊕ Lt + 10 ⊕ Lt + 8 ⊕ Lt + 7 ⊕ Lt + 5 ⊕ Lt + 4 ⊕ Lt + 2 ⊕ Lt + 1 ⊕ Lt and Lt + 32 = Lt + 27 ⊕ Lt + 26 ⊕ Lt + 25 ⊕ Lt + 24 ⊕ Lt + 23
ORYX
Stream cipher
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
Achterbahn_(stream_cipher)
Stream cypher algorithm
network. It has not selected for focus nor for consideration during Phase 2; it has been 'archived'. Gregory Rose; Philip Hawkes; Michael Paddon; Miriam
SSS_(cipher)
Cipher Protocol
attacks on Decim v2 and Decim-128". Mathematical and Computer Modelling. 55 (1–2): 123–133. doi:10.1016/j.mcm.2011.01.057. Wu, Hongjun; Preneel, Bart (2006)
DECIM
Hardware Grain MICKEY Trivium Other ciphers Achterbahn F-FCSR FISH ISAAC KCipher-2 MUGI ORYX Panama Phelix Pike Py QUAD RC4+ RC4A Scream SEAL SNOW SOBER
MULTI-S01
KCIPHER 2
KCIPHER 2
Surname or Lastname
English
English : status name for a mayor, Middle English, Old French mair(e) (from Latin maior ‘greater’, ‘superior’; compare Mayor). In France the title denoted various minor local officials, and the same is true of Scotland (see Mair 1). In England, however, the term was normally restricted to the chief officer of a borough, and the surname may have been given not only to a citizen of some standing who had held this office, but also as a nickname to a pompous or officious person.German and Dutch : variant of Meyer 1.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant of Meyer 2.
Surname or Lastname
Variant of Nicolai 2.English
Variant of Nicolai 2.English : variant of Nicholas.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of Swiss German Bürki, or an altered spelling of Berke (see Berke 2).Possibly an Americanized spelling of Hungarian Berki, a habitational name from a village called Berki, in Pest county, or a topographic name from berek ‘marsh wi
Americanized spelling of Swiss German Bürki, or an altered spelling of Berke (see Berke 2).Possibly an Americanized spelling of Hungarian Berki, a habitational name from a village called Berki, in Pest county, or a topographic name from berek ‘marsh with groves’.English : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Melhuish in Devon, so called from Old English mǣl(e) ‘brightly colored’, ‘flowery’ + hīwisc ‘hide’ (a measurement of land).Scottish : variant of Mellis 2.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of or patronymic from Merritt 2.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by a meadow, from Mead 1 + the suffix -er, denoting an inhabitant.English : occupational name for a brewer or seller of mead, Middle English med(i)er (see Mead 2).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic meaning ‘son of the mayor’ (see Mayer 1).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : patronymic from the personal Meyer (see Meyer 2).American form of German Meyer, with excrescent -s.Irish : variant of Meyer 3.
Surname or Lastname
French
French : from a short form of the personal name Amaury (see Emery).Southern French (Occitan) : habitational name from Maury, in Basses Pyrénées.English : probably a variant of Morey 2.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Beiss(e), a variant of Beitz 2.English
Americanized spelling of German Beiss(e), a variant of Beitz 2.English : perhaps a variant of Biss. Compare Beese, Bise, Buys, Byce.Hungarian : nickname for someone with a limp or a peculiar gait, from bice ‘limp’.
Surname or Lastname
North German variant of Laas 2.Jewish (Ashkenazic)
North German variant of Laas 2.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : unexplained.English : nickname from Middle English lesse, lasse ‘smaller’ (from Old English lǣssa ‘less’), perhaps also used in the sense ‘younger’.
Surname or Lastname
English (Lancashire, Cheshire)
English (Lancashire, Cheshire) : unexplained; perhaps of Irish origin, a variant of Kehir, Keher, Munster and Connacht variants of Cahir, an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Cathaoir, from an old Irish personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Mellis 1.German : variant of Melius.Dutch ((van) Melis) : variant of Millis 2.Czech and Slovak (Meliš), and Hungarian : from a short form of the Biblical personal name Melichar (see Melchior).Greek : from the personal name Melis, a pet form of Meletios or Meliton (names of various early saints and martyrs). The personal names are derived from either meli ‘honey’ or meletan ‘care for’, ‘study’.Italian (Sardinia and southern Italy) : habitational name from a place so named in Sardinia.Lithuanian : nickname from melis ‘blue’.Latvian : unflattering nickname from melis ‘liar’.Latvian : variant of Mellis.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Mayer 1.German : patronymic from Mayer 2.Dutch : variant of Meyer 1 and 3.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places called Merton in London, Devon, Norfolk, and Oxfordshire, named in Old English with mere ‘lake’, ‘pool’ + tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’. Compare Marton, Martin 2.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Mixon 2.
Surname or Lastname
English (Lancashire)
English (Lancashire) : variant spelling of Mayer 1.Spanish and Jewish (Sephardic) : nickname for an older man or a distinguishing epithet for the elder of two bearers of the same personal name, from Spanish mayor ‘older’ (Latin maior (natus), literally ‘greater (by birth)’).Spanish and Jewish (Sephardic) : occupational or status name, from major ‘governor’, ‘chief’.Catalan : variant spelling of Major.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant of Meyer 2.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of Jewish Leykin (from Belarus), a metronymic from Leyke, a pet form of the Yiddish female personal name Leye, from the Hebrew female personal name Lea, from which English Leah is derived (see Genesis 29
Americanized spelling of Jewish Leykin (from Belarus), a metronymic from Leyke, a pet form of the Yiddish female personal name Leye, from the Hebrew female personal name Lea, from which English Leah is derived (see Genesis 29 : 16) + the Slavic possessive suffix -in.English : from a medieval personal name, a diminutive of Lawrence. Compare Law 1 and Larkin.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Miner.German : nickname, meaning ‘small(er)’, from Latin minor ‘less’, ‘smaller’.French : nickname meaning ‘younger’, from the same word as in 2.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : variant of Mill 1.English : either a metronymic form of Mill 2, or a variant of Miles.Irish : in Ulster this is the English name, but elsewhere in Ireland it may be a translation of a Gaelic topographic byname, an Mhuilinn ‘of the mill’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from a variant spelling of Mayer 1.English : variant of Myers.Spanish : variant of Mier 2.Dutch : variant of Mier 3.Dutch (van der Miers) : variant of Meers 2.
KCIPHER 2
KCIPHER 2
Boy/Male
Arabic, Farsi, Iranian, Muslim
The Universe; World
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Hebrew, Muslim
Patient; Feminine of Sabri
Boy/Male
Indian
Son of Karna
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Czechoslovakian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Latin, Swedish, Swiss
Reborn; Form of Reginald; Counsel Power; Rebirth
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Strong Deer
Male
Russian
(ИÌнна) Russian unisex name INNA means "strong water." The name was originally a male name, but became somewhat popular as a religious girl's name due to the misidentification of the sex of the Russian martyr Inna, a male student of the Apostle Andrei.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Servant of the Most Great
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Worthen.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Of Ambika; Mountain; Lord Ganesha
Boy/Male
Tamil
Alakshendra | அலகà¯à®·à¯‡à®¨à¯à®¤à¯à®°Â
Defender of humanity, Sanskrit for alexander
KCIPHER 2
KCIPHER 2
KCIPHER 2
KCIPHER 2
KCIPHER 2
n. & v.
See Cipher.
adv.
The arithmetical character 0; a cipher. See Cipher.
imp. & p. p.
of Cipher
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Decipher
n.
A combination or interweaving of letters, as the initials of a name; a device; a monogram; as, a painter's cipher, an engraver's cipher, etc. The cut represents the initials N. W.
n.
A cipher; naught.
v. t.
See Uncipher.
n.
Cipher; something written in cipher.
n.
A cipher; nothing; naught.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Kipper
v. t.
To get by ciphering; as, to cipher out the answer.
n.
A cipher; zero.
n.
A cipher writing. Same as Cryptograph.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Cipher
v. t.
To decipher.
n.
One who ciphers.
a.
Of the nature of a cipher; of no weight or influence.
imp. & p. p.
of Decipher
v. t.
To translate from secret characters or ciphers into intelligible terms; as, to decipher a letter written in secret characters.
v. t.
To decipher; as, to uncipher a letter.