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Force acting on charged particles in electric and magnetic fields
In electromagnetism, the Lorentz force is the force exerted on a charged particle by electric and magnetic fields. It determines how charged particles
Lorentz_force
Recoil force on accelerating charged particle
physics of electromagnetism, the Abraham–Lorentz force (also known as the Lorentz–Abraham force) is the reaction force on an accelerating charged particle
Abraham–Lorentz_force
Dutch physicist (1853–1928)
He derived the Lorentz transformation of the special theory of relativity, as well as the Lorentz force, which describes the force acting on a charged
Hendrik_Lorentz
Type of transducer
experiences Lorentz force. In a microscopic view, the Lorentz force is applied on the electrons in the eddy current. In a macroscopic view, the Lorentz force is
Electromagnetic acoustic transducer
Electromagnetic_acoustic_transducer
Fundamental interaction between charged particles
respectively. The force, F. on a charge particle of charge q moving at speed v in an electromagnetic field is given by the Lorentz force(SI definition of
Electromagnetism
Electromagnetic flow measurement technique
Lorentz force velocimetry (LFV) is a noncontact electromagnetic flow measurement technique. LFV is particularly suited for the measurement of velocities
Lorentz_force_velocimetry
Physical law
experiences a magnetic force as a consequence, following the Lorentz force law. The best-known and simplest example of Ampère's force law, which underlaid
Ampère's_force_law
Small-scale magnetometer
fields (magnetometer). Many of these operate by detecting effects of the Lorentz force: a change in voltage or resonant frequency may be measured electronically
MEMS_magnetic_field_sensor
Property of space that quantifies the magnetic influence at a given location
that, when used in the Lorentz force law, correctly predicts the force on a moving charged particle at that point: Lorentz force law (vector form, SI units)
Magnetic_field
Basic law of electromagnetism
magnetic field, and the emf arises from the magnetic component of the Lorentz force acting on the charges in the conductor. Historically, the differing
Faraday's_law_of_induction
Fundamental physical law of electromagnetism
test particles to be of the same form. This assumption is supported by Lorentz force law which, unlike Coulomb's law is not limited to stationary test charges
Coulomb's_law
Electromagnetism in general relativity
\end{aligned}}} where f μ {\displaystyle f_{\mu }} is the density of the Lorentz force, g α β {\displaystyle g^{\alpha \beta }} is the inverse of the metric
Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime
Maxwell's_equations_in_curved_spacetime
Form of electrically powered spacecraft propulsion
the Lorentz force (the force on a charged particle by an electromagnetic field) to generate thrust. It is sometimes referred to as a Lorentz Force Accelerator
Magnetoplasmadynamic_thruster
Algebra of 4D spacetime
potential A. Note: The differential equation of the Lorentz rotor that is consistent with the Lorentz force is d Λ d τ = e 2 m c F Λ , {\displaystyle {\frac
Algebra_of_physical_space
Electromagnetic method of non-destructive testing of conductive materials
Welds Using Eddy Current Array Official web page of Lorentz Force Velocimetry and Lorentz Force Eddy Current Testing Group Archived 2013-11-17 at the
Eddy-current_testing
Superseded theory of electromagnetism
direct currents such as the Biot–Savart law in combination with the Lorentz force. This is the point at which Weber electrodynamics and Maxwell electrodynamics
Weber_electrodynamics
Deviation of electrons from their original trajectories
external magnetic field is present, the electron may be deflected by the Lorentz force. This scattering typically happens with solids such as metals, semiconductors
Electron_scattering
Electrical action produced by a non-electrical source
In electromagnetism and electronics, electromotive force (emf, or EMF) or electromotance, denoted E {\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}} , is an energy transfer
Electromotive_force
Electromagnetic effect in physics
When a magnetic field is present, these charges experience a force, called the Lorentz force. When such a magnetic field is absent, the charges follow approximately
Hall_effect
Equations describing classical electromagnetism
fields are generated by electric charges and currents. Together with the Lorentz force law, they form the foundation of classical electromagnetism, classical
Maxwell's_equations
Apparent paradox with Faraday's law of induction
is valid in all circumstances, and when used in conjunction with the Lorentz force law it is consistent with correct application of Faraday's law. Outline
Faraday_paradox
Loops of electric current induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field
the magnetic field B → {\displaystyle {\vec {B}}} exerts a sideways Lorentz force on them given by F → = q v → × B → {\displaystyle {\vec {F}}=q{\vec
Eddy_current
Electric and magnetic fields produced by moving charged objects
the electromagnetic field is described by Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force law. Maxwell's equations detail how the electric field converges towards
Electromagnetic_field
Branch of theoretical physics
J. Hunt. The electromagnetic field exerts the following force (often called the Lorentz force) on charged particles: F = q ( E + v × B ) {\displaystyle
Classical_electromagnetism
Electromagnetic property of matter
electric and a magnetic field) is the source of the electromagnetic (or Lorentz) force, which is one of the four fundamental interactions in physics. The study
Electric_charge
Influence that can change motion of an object
how magnets can influence one another at a distance. The Lorentz force law gives the force upon a body with charge q {\displaystyle q} due to electric
Force
Class of physical phenomena
nucleus, a Lorentz force from the magnetic field. Depending on which direction the electron is orbiting, this force may increase the centripetal force on the
Magnetism
Motion of charged particles
experience a Lorentz force given by F → = q ( v → × B → ) . {\displaystyle {\vec {F}}=q({\vec {v}}\times {\vec {B}}).} The direction of the force is given
Cyclotron_motion
Vehicle propulsion using electromagnetic fields
fluid (which can be a liquid or an ionized gas called a plasma) by the Lorentz force, resulting from the cross product of an electric current (motion of
Magnetohydrodynamic_drive
Analogies between Maxwell's and Einstein's field equations
stationary system, the net (Lorentz) force acting on it due to a GEM field is described by the following GEM analog to the Lorentz force equation: where: v is
Gravitoelectromagnetism
Ways of writing certain laws of physics
particular, Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force) in a form that is manifestly invariant under Lorentz transformations, in the formalism of special
Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism
Covariant_formulation_of_classical_electromagnetism
Approximation in plasma physics
In plasma physics, a force-free magnetic field is a magnetic field in which the Lorentz force is equal to zero and the magnetic pressure greatly exceeds
Force-free_magnetic_field
Surface integral of the magnetic field
associated with a vector that determines what force a moving charge would experience at that point (see Lorentz force). Since a vector field is quite difficult
Magnetic_flux
Direct current electric motor
lines and Lorentz force on homopolar motor Video Video Railgun Ball bearing motor Magnet Homopolar generators Barlow's wheel Lorentz Force Lynn, L. (1949)
Homopolar_motor
Mathematical operation on vectors in 3D space
pseudovector or axial vector. The cross product is used to describe the Lorentz force experienced by a moving electric charge qe: F = q e ( E + v × B ) {\displaystyle
Cross_product
Group of four magnets
energy particle accelerators, the magnetic force term is larger than the electric term in the Lorentz force: F = q ( E + v × B ) , {\displaystyle \mathbf
Quadrupole_magnet
Production of voltage by a varying magnetic field
generated by a magnetic force on a moving wire (see Lorentz force), and the transformer emf that is generated by an electric force due to a changing magnetic
Electromagnetic_induction
\rho }\,f_{\rho }=0\,} where f ρ {\displaystyle f_{\rho }} is the (4D) Lorentz force per unit volume on matter. This equation is equivalent to the following
Electromagnetic stress–energy tensor
Electromagnetic_stress–energy_tensor
Physical concept
Joseph J. Thomson. Electromagnetic mass, like inductance or the Abraham–Lorentz force, is a self-interaction phenomenon, in the sense that a charged body
Electromagnetic_mass
Model of electrically conducting fluids
/\mu _{0}} is the magnetic diffusivity. In the equation of motion, the Lorentz force term J × B {\displaystyle \mathbf {J} \times \mathbf {B} } can be expanded
Magnetohydrodynamics
Law of electrical current and voltage
extra term must be added to account for the current induced by the Lorentz force on the charge carriers. J = σ ( E + v × B ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {J}
Ohm's_law
Energy density associated with a magnetic field
right hand side represents the Lorentz force and the second term represents pressure gradient forces. The Lorentz force can be expanded using Ampère's
Magnetic_pressure
Measure of directional electromagnetic energy flux
would be a Lorentz force on that wire while the capacitor is discharging due to the discharge current and the crossed magnetic field; that force would be
Poynting_vector
Magnetically-induced resistance change
of the page) a circular component of current flows as well, due to Lorentz force. Initial interest in this problem began with Boltzmann in 1886, and
Magnetoresistance
Concept in physics
In physics, the magnetomotive force (abbreviated mmf or MMF, symbol F {\displaystyle {\mathcal {F}}} ) is a quantity appearing in the equation for the
Magnetomotive_force
Type of direct current electrical generator
results from the Lorentz force on the free charges in the disk. The motion is azimuthal and the field is axial, so the electromotive force is radial. The
Homopolar_generator
Motor which works on direct current
an electrical motor that uses direct current (DC) to produce mechanical force. The most common types rely on magnetic forces produced by currents in the
DC_motor
Family of linear transformations
In physics, the Lorentz transformations are a six-parameter family of linear transformations from a coordinate frame in spacetime to another frame that
Lorentz_transformation
Relationship between relativity and pre-quantum electromagnetism
Lorentz force in frame S is: F = q E + q u × B {\displaystyle \mathbf {F} =q\mathbf {E} +q\mathbf {u} \times \mathbf {B} } In frame S′, the Lorentz force
Classical electromagnetism and special relativity
Classical_electromagnetism_and_special_relativity
Foundational law of classical magnetism
1209/epl/i2004-10545-2. S2CID 17729781. Moulin, F. (2001). "Magnetic monopoles and Lorentz force". Il Nuovo Cimento B. 116 (8): 869–877. arXiv:math-ph/0203043. Bibcode:2001NCimB
Gauss's_law_for_magnetism
expressed today as the force law equation, F = q(E + v × B), which sits adjacent to Maxwell's equations and bears the name Lorentz force, even though Maxwell
History of Maxwell's equations
History_of_Maxwell's_equations
Physical phenomenon in electromagnetic field theory
generators, motors, and lighting at first. The Coulomb force was generalized to the Lorentz force. For example, with this model transmission lines and power
Relativistic_electromagnetism
Form of electric spacecraft propulsion
By contrast, electromagnetic thruster ions are accelerated by the Lorentz force to accelerate all species (free electrons as well as positive and negative
Ion_thruster
Magnet that creates a magnetic field through an electric current
electromagnets, the magnetic field exerts a force on each turn of the windings, due to the Lorentz force q v × B {\displaystyle q\mathbf {v} \times \mathbf
Electromagnet
Difference in electric potential between two points in space
build-up of electric charge (e.g., a capacitor), and from an electromotive force (e.g., electromagnetic induction in a generator). On a macroscopic scale
Voltage
Equations that describe the behavior of a physical system
the least action S. In electrodynamics, the force on a charged particle of charge q is the Lorentz force: F = q ( E + v × B ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {F}
Equations_of_motion
Laws in physics about force and motion
According to the Lorentz force law, a charged body in an electric field experiences a force in the direction of that field, a force proportional to its
Newton's_laws_of_motion
Physical field surrounding an electric charge
electromagnetic fields. In general, the force experienced by a test charge in an electromagnetic field is given by the Lorentz force law: F = q E + q v × B . {\displaystyle
Electric_field
Theorem in physics showing the conservation of energy for the electromagnetic field
\cdot \mathbf {E} } is the density of electric power dissipated by the Lorentz force acting on charge carriers. The rate of work done by the electromagnetic
Poynting's_theorem
Electromagnetic opposition to change
induced in an inductor or wire loop by a changing current, or the drag force of eddy currents exerted on moving objects in the magnetic field. Lenz's
Lenz's_law
System of electromagnetic units
Heaviside–Lorentz units (or Lorentz–Heaviside units) constitute a system of units and quantities that extends the CGS with a particular set of equations
Heaviside–Lorentz_units
Charge transfer due to contact or sliding
positive, the other negative; the observations using sliding or Kelvin probe force microscope of inhomogeneous charge variations between nominally identical
Triboelectric_effect
Machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate Lorentz force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft. An electric generator
Electric_motor
Unified field theory
equations of motion provide the four-dimensional geodesic equation and the Lorentz force law, and one finds that electric charge is identified with motion in
Kaluza–Klein_theory
Mnemonic for 3D vectors orientations and rotations
the north pole. Lorentz force: If an electric charge moves across a magnetic field, it experiences a force according to the Lorentz force, with the direction
Right-hand_rule
the electric and magnetic fields exert a force on the charges that are flowing in currents (the Lorentz force). These effects can be combined in a partial
Earth's_magnetic_field
Type of cathode-ray tube
the Lorentz force. Charged particles in a uniform electric field follow a parabolic trajectory, since the electric field term (of the Lorentz force which
Teltron_tube
Model of electrical conduction
model or the Drude–Lorentz model of electrical conduction in metals was proposed in 1900 by Paul Drude, and refined by Hendrik Lorentz in 1905. The Drude
Drude_model
Line integral of the electric field
form a four-vector, so that the two kinds of potential are mixed under Lorentz transformations. Practically, the electric potential is a continuous function
Electric_potential
Property of a mass in motion
are mediated by electric and magnetic fields. The electromagnetic force (Lorentz force) on a particle with charge q due to a combination of electric field
Momentum
Electromagnetic stress
magnetic field, it is easy to calculate the forces on the charge from the Lorentz force law. When the situation becomes more complicated, this ordinary procedure
Maxwell_stress_tensor
Phenomena related to electric charge
produces a magnetic field. In most applications, Coulomb's law determines the force acting on an electrically charged particle. Electric potential is the work
Electricity
Object that has a magnetic field
invisible but is responsible for the most notable property of a magnet: a force that pulls on other ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, steel, nickel
Magnet
Theorem in classical electromagnetism
such theorem is Lorentz reciprocity (and its various special cases such as Rayleigh-Carson reciprocity), named after work by Hendrik Lorentz in 1896 following
Reciprocity (electromagnetism)
Reciprocity_(electromagnetism)
Object or material which allows the flow of electric charge with little energy loss
Electrodynamics Maxwell's equations Displacement current Electromagnetic field Lorentz force Retarded potentials Liénard–Wiechert potential Jefimenko's equations
Electrical_conductor
Assemblage of connected electrical elements
source. An active network contains one or more sources of electromotive force. Practical examples of such sources include a battery or a generator. Active
Electrical_network
English chemist and physicist (1791–1867)
modern theories of electromagnetic phenomena. On Faraday's uses of lines of force, Maxwell wrote that they show Faraday "to have been in reality a mathematician
Michael_Faraday
Aircraft launching system
carrier-based aircraft, employing the principles of electromagnetism and Lorentz force (similar to the propulsion used on maglev trains) to accelerate and
Electromagnetic_catapult
Law of classical electromagnetism
Alternatively, these can be derived by considering Lorentz transformation of Coulomb's force (in four-force form) in the source charge's inertial frame. When
Biot–Savart_law
Quantity in electromagnetism
{r} '|}}\mathrm {d} ^{3}r'} By equating Newton's second law with the Lorentz force law we can obtain m d v d t = q ( E + v × B ) . {\displaystyle m{\frac
Magnetic_vector_potential
Study of still or slow electric charges
operation. Coulomb's law states that: The magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is directly proportional
Electrostatics
Rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit
required to move a unit charge from one terminal to the other against the force of the electric field, so this equation can be derived as where: W is work
Electric_power
Expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor
Electrodynamics Maxwell's equations Displacement current Electromagnetic field Lorentz force Retarded potentials Liénard–Wiechert potential Jefimenko's equations
Meissner_effect
Lens for charged particles
charged particles, such as electrons or ions, by use of the magnetic Lorentz force. Its strength can often be varied by usage of electromagnets. Magnetic
Magnetic_lens
Electromagnetic effect of point charges
atomic orbital electrons Jefimenko's equations Larmor formula Abraham–Lorentz force Inhomogeneous electromagnetic wave equation Wheeler–Feynman absorber
Liénard–Wiechert_potential
Type of electric propulsion
glass soda bottle. Magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters (MPD) use the Lorentz force (a force resulting from the interaction between a magnetic field and an electric
Plasma_propulsion_engine
Object with trapped electrical charge
the material. When a magnet and an electret are near one another, the Lorentz force acts on them: while stationary, neither has any effect on one another
Electret
Description of large objects' physics
nonaccelerating frame of reference. When dealing with non-central forces like the Lorentz force, the weak form of Newton's third law is used by identifying conservation
Classical_mechanics
Sudden flow of electric current between two electrically charged objects by contact
Electrodynamics Maxwell's equations Displacement current Electromagnetic field Lorentz force Retarded potentials Liénard–Wiechert potential Jefimenko's equations
Electrostatic_discharge
Imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material
opposite polarity are attracted and move to the side facing the charge. As the force due to the interaction of electric charges falls off rapidly with increasing
Static_electricity
Thought experiment in physics
Lorentz transformation. A charge q in the conductor will be at rest in the conductor frame. Therefore, the magnetic force term of the Lorentz force has
Moving magnet and conductor problem
Moving_magnet_and_conductor_problem
Flow of electric charge
after whom the unit of electric current is named, in formulating Ampère's force law (1820). The notation travelled from France to Great Britain, where it
Electric_current
Hypothetical particle with one magnetic pole
equations, see section 6.11, equation (6.150), page 273, and for the Lorentz force law, see page 290, exercise 6.17(a). For the convention where magnetic
Magnetic_monopole
Procedure of coping with redundant degrees of freedom in physical field theories
quantization of the theory. The Coulomb gauge is, however, not Lorentz covariant. If a Lorentz transformation to a new inertial frame is carried out, a further
Gauge_fixing
Physical model of propagating energy
electrons are most sharply accelerated when they encounter a region of force, so they are responsible for producing much of the highest frequency electromagnetic
Electromagnetic_radiation
Mathematical object that describes the electromagnetic field in spacetime
product: If one forms an inner product of the field strength tensor a Lorentz invariant is formed F μ ν F μ ν = 2 ( B 2 − E 2 c 2 ) {\displaystyle F_{\mu
Electromagnetic_tensor
French physicist and mathematician (1775–1836)
Ampère's electrodynamics: analysis of the meaning and evolution of Ampère's force between current elements, together with a complete translation of his masterpiece:
André-Marie_Ampère
Resistance to magnetic flux
analysis of magnetic circuits. It is defined as the ratio of magnetomotive force (mmf) to magnetic flux. It represents the opposition to magnetic flux, and
Magnetic_reluctance
Technique to measure resistivity and Hall coefficient
material, which indicates that the force on the electrons due to the electric field balances the Lorentz force. Since the force on an electron from an electric
Van_der_Pauw_method
French physicist (1736–1806)
what is now called Coulomb's law, the description of the electrostatic force of attraction and repulsion. He also did important work on friction, and
Charles-Augustin_de_Coulomb
LORENTZ FORCE
LORENTZ FORCE
Male
English
Variant spelling of English unisex Lauren, LOREN means "of Laurentum."
Boy/Male
Latin
Laurel.
Male
Scandinavian
Scandinavian form of Roman Latin Laurentius, LORENS means "of Laurentum."
Girl/Female
English Latin
or Lora referring to the laurel tree or sweet bay tree symbolic of honor and victory.
Male
German
German form of Roman Latin Laurentius, LORENZ means "of Laurentum."
Boy/Male
Australian, Chinese, Danish, French, German, Greek, Italian, Latin, Polish, Swedish
Laurel; Man from Laurentum; Crowned with Laurels
Female
Italian
Feminine form of Italian Lorenzo, LORENZA means "of Laurentum."
Female
English
 Elaborated form of English Loren, LORENA means "of Laurentum." Compare with another form of Lorena.
Female
English
English form of Italian Lauretta, LORETTA means "little laurel tree."
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Loreen, LORENE means "little laurel tree."
Female
English
English form of French Laurette, LORETTE means "little laurel tree."
Male
Italian
Italian form of Roman Latin Laurentius, LORENZO means "of Laurentum."
Boy/Male
French
Flower.
Boy/Male
German Italian Swedish
Laurel.
Girl/Female
Spanish American English Anglo Saxon Italian Latin
Pure.
Female
Irish
From the Italian city name, Loreto, LORETO means "laurel wood." The city has been a Catholic place of pilgrimage since the 14th century, for it is where the Shrine of the Holy House is. According to legend, after the fall of Jerusalem, a basilica was erected over the Virgin Mary's house. After a threat of destruction by the Turks, angels carried the house from Nazareth to Tersatto, Croatia, then across the Adriatic to a forest near Recantai, and finally to Loreto. In use by the English and Irish.
Boy/Male
Danish, German, Latin, Swedish
Laurel; Man from Laurentum
Boy/Male
German, Hungarian, Latin
Laurel Trees; From Laurentium; Crowned with Laurels
Boy/Male
Latin Hungarian
Laurel.
Male
German
German form of Latin Florentius, FLORENZ means "blossoming."
LORENTZ FORCE
LORENTZ FORCE
Girl/Female
Spanish American
Born on Sunday. Of the Lord.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Lord Krishna
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Matyr of Islam
Girl/Female
Indian
Hope, Moonlight
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Un-perishable
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Dalling.
Girl/Female
Indian
Happy
Girl/Female
Irish
Girl.
Female
Scottish
Variant spelling of Scottish Gaelic Dolag, DOLLAG means "world ruler."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Arjun
LORENTZ FORCE
LORENTZ FORCE
LORENTZ FORCE
LORENTZ FORCE
LORENTZ FORCE
n.
To provide with forces; to reenforce; to strengthen by soldiers; to man; to garrison.
a.
Full of or processing force; exerting force; mighty.
a.
Done or produced with force or great labor, or by extraordinary exertion; hurried; strained; produced by unnatural effort or pressure; as, a forced style; a forced laugh.
n.
A Chilian apocynaceous tree (Aspidosperma Quebracho); also, its bark, which is used as a febrifuge, and for dyspn/a of the lung, or bronchial diseases; -- called also white quebracho, to distinguish it from the red quebracho, a Mexican anacardiaceous tree (Loxopterygium Lorentzii) whose bark is said to have similar properties.
v. i.
To make a difficult matter of anything; to labor; to hesitate; hence, to force of, to make much account of; to regard.
a.
Of the nature of a loment; having fruits like loments.
a.
Having little or no force; feeble.
v. i.
To be of force, importance, or weight; to matter.
n.
The caudal forceps-shaped appendage of earwigs and some other insects. See Earwig.
n.
One who, or that which, forces or drives.
n.
An elongated pod, consisting, like the legume, of two valves, but divided transversely into small cells, each containing a single seed.
obs. strong p. p.
of Lose.
n.
To exert to the utmost; to urge; hence, to strain; to urge to excessive, unnatural, or untimely action; to produce by unnatural effort; as, to force a consient or metaphor; to force a laugh; to force fruits.
n.
In France, a name for a woman who is supported by her lovers, and devotes herself to idleness, show, and pleasure; -- so called from the church of Notre Dame de Lorette, in Paris, near which many of them resided.
n.
One of a order of nuns founded in 1812 at Loretto, in Kentucky. The members of the order (called also Sisters of Loretto, or Friends of Mary at the Foot of the Cross) devote themselves to the cause of education and the care of destitute orphans, their labors being chiefly confined to the Western United States.
n.
One who travels far, or in strange lands, to visit some holy place or shrine as a devotee; as, a pilgrim to Loretto; Canterbury pilgrims. See Palmer.
n.
To put in force; to cause to be executed; to make binding; to enforce.
n.
The solid piston of a force pump; the instrument by which water is forced in a pump.
n.
To compel, as by strength of evidence; as, to force conviction on the mind.
n.
To allow the force of; to value; to care for.