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Branch of ethics
1995. "Introduction: The Ages of Metaethics." Pp. 1–30 in On the Relevance of Metaethics: New Essays in Metaethics, edited by J. Couture and K. Nielsen
Metaethics
Philosophical study of morality
value. The epistemological side of metaethics discusses whether and how people can acquire moral knowledge. Metaethics overlaps with psychology because
Ethics
Study of general and fundamental questions
life meaning?" The main branches of ethics are metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics. Metaethics asks abstract questions about the nature and
Philosophy
Intelligence in machines
Anderson, Susan Leigh (2008). "Asimov's 'three laws of robotics' and machine metaethics". AI & Society. 22 (4): 477–493. doi:10.1007/s00146-007-0094-5. Anderson
Artificial_intelligence
American philosopher and academic
the Department of Philosophy at New York University. She specializes in metaethics, focusing in particular on how to reconcile our understanding of normativity
Sharon_Street
Swiss philosopher
interests revolve around the field of ethics, with a particular focus on metaethics, moral psychology, and emotion theory. Her main research interest is the
Christine_Tappolet
Australian philosopher (1917–1981)
metaphysics, and the philosophy of language. Mackie had influential views on metaethics, including his defence of moral scepticism and his sophisticated defence
J._L._Mackie
American feminist philosopher and theologian (1928–2010)
characterized her writing, she soon abandoned the latter. In Gyn/Ecology: The Metaethics of Radical Feminism (1978), Daly argues that men throughout history have
Mary_Daly
American moral philosopher (1934–2011)
philosophy Region Western philosophy School Analytic Main interests Normative ethics, metaethics, bioethics, Thomas Hobbes Notable ideas Ten moral rules
Bernard_Gert
Metaethical position that some actions are intrinsically right or wrong
Moral absolutism is a metaethical view that some or even all actions are intrinsically right or wrong, regardless of context or consequence. Moral absolutism
Moral_absolutism
Philosophical position
"Constructivism in Metaethics". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 4 December 2018. Jezzi, Nathaniel. "Constructivism in Metaethics". Internet Encyclopedia
Moral_constructivism
Meta-ethical view
(also called moral naturalism or naturalistic definism) is a position in metaethics that holds that moral properties or facts are reducible to, or constituted
Ethical_naturalism
British philosopher and economist (1838–1900)
a "fundamental contradiction" in our moral consciousness. Sidgwick's metaethics involve an explicit defence of a non-naturalist form of moral realism
Henry_Sidgwick
Meta-ethical theory
In metaethics, expressivism is a theory about the meaning of moral language. According to expressivism, sentences that employ moral terms – for example
Expressivism
2016 book by Catherine Wilson
0 license. Metaethics from a First Person Standpoint, p2 This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license. Metaethics from a First
Metaethics from a First Person Standpoint
Metaethics_from_a_First_Person_Standpoint
Purported fallacy in explaining good reductively
In metaethics, the naturalistic fallacy is the claim that it is possible to define good in terms of merely described entities, properties, or processes
Naturalistic_fallacy
Study of evolution on morality or ethics
implications in the fields of descriptive ethics, normative ethics, and metaethics. Descriptive evolutionary ethics consists of biological approaches to
Evolutionary_ethics
American philosopher (born 1948)
Arizona in Tucson. His areas of expertise include philosophy of mind and metaethics. Horgan obtained his bachelor's degree in philosophy in 1970 from Stanford
Terence_Horgan
German philosopher (born 1962)
Michael Quante (born 2 August 1962) is a German philosopher. He is currently a professor of philosophy with a focus on practical philosophy in the University
Michael_Quante
Philosophy and tradition inspired by David Hume
direct role regarding which ends to follow. Central to Hume's position in metaethics is the is-ought distinction. It states that is-statements, which concern
Humeanism
Metaphysical dependence relation between facts or entities
above” the physical because they are fully grounded by physical facts. In metaethics, grounding plays a central role in debates over moral realism and moral
Metaphysical_grounding
Overview of and topical guide to ethics
Applied ethics: How do we take moral knowledge and put it into practice? Metaethics: What does "right" even mean? Applied ethics – Using philosophical methods
Outline_of_ethics
Professor of philosophy
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. "On Being Social in Metaethics," Oxford Studies in Metaethics, Vol. 8, 2013, ed. Russ Shafer-Landau, Oxford: Oxford
Kate_Manne
Australian philosopher (born 1967)
Australian National University Main interests Philosophy of mind, metaphysics, metaethics Notable ideas Phenomenal concept strategy Website sites.google.com/site/danielstoljar
Daniel_Stoljar
British philosopher and honorary research professor (born 1957)
Lincoln. He is known for his expertise on moral philosophy, especially metaethics, and aesthetics, especially the philosophy of music and visual art. He
Nick_Zangwill
British philosopher
Society for Ethical Theory (2002-2008). James Lenman has published work on metaethics, where he defends a form of constructive expressivism, contractualism
James_Lenman
Chemical compound found in some species of mushrooms
Young L (June 2020). "Theory of mind network activity is associated with metaethical judgment: An item analysis". Neuropsychologia. 143 107475. doi:10.1016/j
Psilocybin
American philosopher
April 2021. Chang's principal research interests lie in normative ethics, metaethics, action theory and moral psychology. Her work focuses on practical conflict
Ruth_Chang
Philosophical study of knowledge
Metaphysics Possible? DeLapp, Lead section, § 6. Epistemological Issues in Metaethics Sayre-McCord 2023, § 5. Moral Epistemology Chignell 2018, Lead section
Epistemology
Logician and philosopher
include set theory, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of language, and metaethics. In set theory and philosophy of maths, Incurvati has argued for the iterative
Luca_Incurvati
Canadian philosopher (born 1952)
from 1978 to 2002, at the University of Calgary. He has published on metaethics, normative theory, political philosophy, and applied ethics. Hurka was
Thomas_Hurka
Children's picture book by Shel Silverstein
level of a good", which mirrors Mary Daly's analysis in Gyn/Ecology: the Metaethics of Radical Feminism. One college instructor discovered that the book caused
The_Giving_Tree
Philosophical dichotomy
ought to behave, applied ethics concerning particular moral issues, and metaethics concerning the nature of morality itself. Every language has a word expressing
Good_and_evil
American philosopher
Institutions Washington University in St. Louis Main interests epistemology, moral psychology, metaethics, aesthetics Website sites.google.com/site/allanhazlett/
Allan_Hazlett
British philosopher (born 1961)
His work falls principally within the field of ethics, in particular metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics. In addition, he is chairman of
Roger_Crisp
Hostility, prejudice, discrimination or racism against Finland and Finnish culture
The Routledge Handbook of Metaethics. Taylor & Francis. pp. 349–. ISBN 978-1-351-81791-2. The Routledge Handbook of Metaethics, 2017, p.934 "Finland Was
Anti-Finnish_sentiment
American philosopher (born 1963)
Kansas. He is the founder and editor of the periodical Oxford Studies in Metaethics. Shafer-Landau returned to UW after a brief stint at the University of
Russ_Shafer-Landau
British legal scholar
Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge. He writes mainly in the areas of metaethics, normative ethics, legal philosophy, and political philosophy. He is a
Matthew_Kramer
Awareness of facts, or competency
Vrije Universiteit. ISBN 978-90-819608-0-9. Sayre-McCord, Geoff (2023). "Metaethics". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford
Knowledge
American philosopher
Mark Schroeder is an American philosopher whose scholarship focuses on metaethics, particularly expressivism and other forms of noncognitivism. He is a
Mark_Schroeder_(philosopher)
Japanese philosopher (born 1951)
later at Nihon University. His main research fields are metaphysics and metaethics. His books include "Philosophy for Kids!" and "A Transfer Student and
Hitoshi_Nagai
Rejection of certain ideas about reality
Business Media. pp. 163–176. ISBN 978-94-007-6527-6. DeLapp, Kevin M. "Metaethics". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Archived from the original on January
Nihilism
Branch of philosophical ethics that examines standards for morality
one ought to act, in a moral sense. Normative ethics is distinct from metaethics in that normative ethics examines standards for the rightness and wrongness
Normative_ethics
Philosophical system developed by Ayn Rand
OCLC 49875339. Rand 1964, p. 13. Rand 1964, p. 18; for more on Rand's metaethics see Binswanger 1990, pp. 58–66, Smith 2000 and Gotthelf & Lennox 2010
Objectivism
English philosopher (1899–1973)
1947:The Definition of Good (an investigation primarily into problems of metaethics) and The Individual, the State, and World Government (a work on political
A._C._Ewing
English academic philosopher (born 1944)
Blackburn (born 12 July 1944) is an English philosopher known for his work in metaethics, where he defends quasi-realism, and in the philosophy of language. More
Simon_Blackburn
American philosopher (born 1960)
Professor of Philosophy at Brown University. He is known for his work in metaethics, especially on the subjects of expressivism and metametaethics. Dreier
James_Dreier
American philosopher
between emotions and rules simple enough to be learned at that early stage. Metaethics: Greenspan defends what she calls a "social artifact" version of moral
Patricia_Greenspan
Systematic study of values
"34. Conceptual Analysis in Metaethics". In McPherson, Tristram; Plunkett, David (eds.). The Routledge Handbook of Metaethics. Routledge. pp. 536–551.
Value_theory
Philosophical study of being
the original on 28 May 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023. DeLapp, Kevin M. "Metaethics". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Archived from the original on January
Ontology
American philosopher (born 1979)
Contemporary philosophy Region Western philosophy Institutions Cornell University MIT Main interests Metaethics, normative ethics, bioethics, philosophy of law
Julia_Markovits
British singer
Hunt was studying part-time towards a PhD in philosophy, in the area of metaethics. His thesis advisor was Jussi Suikkanen, and he finished in March 2020
Dave_Hunt_(musician)
Meta-ethical view
Ethical non-naturalism (or moral non-naturalism) is the meta-ethical view which claims that: Ethical sentences express propositions. Some such propositions
Ethical_non-naturalism
1944 book by C. L. Stevenson which was influential in furthering the metaethical view of emotivism first espoused by A. J. Ayer. Yale University, where
Ethics_and_Language
Metaphilosophical study of epistemology
in ethics, metaethics, which explores similar ideas like moral reasons, judgements and motivation. According to the parity thesis, metaethics and metaepistemology
Metaepistemology
American philosopher
retirement in 2013. His research primarily focused on normative ethics, metaethics, the nature of happiness, and justice. He had long been fascinated by
Fred_Feldman
Medical area for women's reproductive health
ISBN 978-0-8203-5475-0. Russ, Joanna; Daly, Mary (1979). "Gyn/Ecology: The Metaethics of Radical Feminism". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies. 4 (1): 68
Gynaecology
Standards of what ought to be
Retrieved 19 October 2025. Bagnoli, Carla (2024). "Constructivism in Metaethics". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford
Normativity
Philosophical position
instead of the simple "subjectivism" since there is an entrenched usage in metaethics for using the latter to denote the thesis that in making a moral judgment
Ethical_subjectivism
Totality of existing entities
Religious Leaders. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-95102-3. DeLapp, Kevin M. "Metaethics". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Archived from the original on January
Reality
Opposition to equality feminism
Suhonen, Marja (2000). "Toward Biophilic Be-ing: Mary Daly's Feminist Metaethics and the Question of Essentialism" in Feminist Interpretations of Mary
Difference_feminism
American philosopher
and Causes". International Philosophical Quarterly(1997):483-484 "The Metaethics of Pacifism and Just War Theory". Philosophical Forum Quarterly (2015):2-15
Robert_L._Holmes
Philosophical argument about metaethics
JSTOR 41635563. Chrisman, Matthew (2023). What Is This Thing Called Metaethics?. Routledge. pp. 21–23. ISBN 978-1-003-20589-0. Cline, Brendan (2016)
Deliberative indispensability argument
Deliberative_indispensability_argument
epistemology, logic, the philosophy of mind, metaphysics, ethics and metaethics, and continental philosophy in Canada. The Roman Catholic Church, one
Philosophy_in_Canada
American philosopher (born 1950)
2012. James Lindsey David Brown, "Propositions and Nondescriptivism in Metaethics", MPhil thesis, University College London, 2016, p. 51. Bernd Prien and
Robert_Brandom
Idea in ethics; many principles are true at the same time
form. Value-pluralism is a set of values in itself, and is a theory in metaethics rather than of normative ethics. Oxford philosopher and historian of ideas
Value_pluralism
Unwavering attachment to a set of irreducible beliefs
displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Moral absolutism – Metaethical position that some actions are intrinsically right or wrong New Independent
Fundamentalism
Israeli philosopher
by Israel’s 37th Government to change Israel’s democratic regime. In metaethics, Enoch defends "robust realism", the view according to which there are
David_Enoch_(philosopher)
British philosopher (1942–2017)
2006: "Normativity", in Russ Shafer-Landau (ed.). Oxford Studies in Metaethics, vol. I. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 2011: On What Matters, vols. 1 and 2
Derek_Parfit
Political situation in which everyone is subject to the law
is, or ought to be, determined by those in power Moral absolutism – Metaethical position that some actions are intrinsically right or wrong Ochlocracy –
Rule_of_law
Philosophical positions
philosophy 'relativism' is usually taken to suggest an empirical, a metaethical, or a normative position. Rorty, Richard (1982). Consequences of Pragmatism
Moral_relativism
British philosopher (born 1955)
to analytic philosophy of language, logic, metaphysics, epistemology, metaethics and metaphilosophy. On vagueness, he holds a position known as epistemicism
Timothy_Williamson
Movement originating within radical feminism
2021. Retrieved 3 July 2020. Daly, Mary (1981) [1978]. Gyn/Ecology: The Metaethics of Radical Feminism. London: The Women's Press. Bindel, Julie (2 July
Trans-exclusionary radical feminism
Trans-exclusionary_radical_feminism
Bearer of truth values
ISBN 978-1-315-38900-4. Copp, David; Morton, Justin (2022). "Normativity in Metaethics". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford
Proposition
American philosopher (born 1955)
focuses on philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, epistemology, and metaethics. She previously held positions at the University of Rochester and UNC-Chapel
Dorit_Bar-On
American philosopher and social choice theorist (1942-)
made major contributions to contemporary ethical theory, in particular metaethics, where he has developed a contemporary version of non-cognitivism. He
Allan_Gibbard
American analytic philosopher (1908–1979)
was not renewed in 1944 because the department did not approve of the metaethical views he espoused in his book Ethics and Language (1944). After a period
Charles Stevenson (philosopher)
Charles_Stevenson_(philosopher)
Conformity to reality
people have a duty to tell the truth and are prohibited from lying. In metaethics, philosophers discuss whether moral statements and principles can be true
Truth
Theory whose subject matter is itself a theory
Metacommunication Metadata Metadiscourse Metaeconomics Meta-emotion Metaepistemology Metaethics Metageography Metahistory Metaknowledge Metalanguage Metalearning Metalinguistics
Metatheory
Study of the development of philosophy
Fletcher et al. 2020, p. 15 McAfee et al. 2023, Lead Section Hurka 2021, 2. Metaethical Innovations, 3. Impersonal Consequentialism, 4. The Ideal Grayling 2019
History_of_philosophy
Canadian philosopher (born 1941)
Department Archived 2007-03-10 at the Wayback Machine 'Normative Ethics and Metaethics', Princeton University, 1965, 269 pages; available from ProQuest. Complete
L._W._Sumner
Canadian-American philosopher (1929–2010)
Immanuel Kant’s Philosophy of Morals Good and Gold: a Judgmental History of Metaethics from G. E. Moore through J. L. Mackie Words and Symbols, Proofs and Invalidations
Jordan_Howard_Sobel
American philosopher (born 1948)
interests include logic, philosophy of mathematics and selected topics in metaethics and philosophy of mind. He is the author of numerous articles on logic
John_P._Burgess
Scottish-American philosopher (1929–2025)
University University of Notre Dame Duke University Main interests Ethics metaethics history of ethics social philosophy political philosophy Notable works
Alasdair_MacIntyre
Philosophical view that nothing is morally right or wrong
Moral nihilism (also called ethical nihilism) is the metaethical view that nothing is morally right or morally wrong and that morality does not exist
Moral_nihilism
Philosophical position
implicitly—both in the traditional and contemporary philosophical literature on metaethics. In the minimal sense of realism, R. M. Hare could be considered a realist
Moral_realism
Meta-ethical view
Emotivism is a meta-ethical view that claims ethical sentences do not express propositions but emotional attitudes. Hence, it is colloquially known as
Emotivism
Sense or significance of an entity
ISBN 978-1-315-38900-4. Copp, David; Morton, Justin (2022). "Normativity in Metaethics". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford
Meaning_(philosophy)
State of being morally correct and justifiable
parts: normative ethics, which seeks to answer what is right or wrong, and metaethics, which seeks to explain the meaning and nature of moral judgements. The
Righteousness
American philosopher
issues on important topics in epistemology, philosophy of science, and metaethics, including those on Aristotle and Ayn Rand's epistemology. (See also,
Allan_Gotthelf
View in meta-ethics
Moral intellectualism or ethical intellectualism is a view in meta-ethics according to which genuine moral knowledge must take the form of arriving at
Moral_intellectualism
Chinese Confucian philosopher (c. 310 – after 238 BCE)
1007/978-94-017-7745-2_4. ISBN 978-94-017-7743-8. Wong, David B. (2016). "Xunzi's Metaethics". In Hutton, Eric L. (ed.). Dao Companion to the Philosophy of Xunzi.
Xunzi_(philosopher)
Statement supporting a conclusion
ISBN 978-1-351-38696-8. Copp, David; Morton, Justin (2022). "Normativity in Metaethics". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford
Premise
Branch of philosophy
philosophy of social science, political philosophy, philosophy of language, metaethics, feminist philosophy and critical race theory—as well as empirical disciplines
Social_ontology
Philosophical question
Design. W. W. Norton & Company. Adams, Robert Merrihew. "Divine Command Metaethics Modified Again." The Journal of Religious Ethics, vol. 33, no. 1, 2005
Existence_of_God
American philosopher
California/Irvine.[citation needed] Sayre-McCord has written widely on metaethics, David Hume, contractualism and on issues at the intersection of philosophy
Geoffrey_Sayre-McCord
American philosopher and writer (born 1942)
is the author of twenty-one books on a wide range of topics in ethics, metaethics and applied ethics. A number of his papers are translated into Chinese
Peter_A._French
Varying application boundaries
Ethics". In: Tristram McPherson & David Plunkett, The Routledge Handbook of Metaethics. Oxford: Routledge, 2017. Scott Soames, "The Value of Vagueness." Chapter
Fuzzy_concept
Meta-ethical theory
Non-cognitivism is the meta-ethical view that ethical sentences do not express propositions (i.e., statements) and thus cannot be true or false (they are
Non-cognitivism
English philosopher (1873–1958)
non-naturalism) and is partly responsible for the twentieth-century concern with metaethics. Moore asserted that philosophical arguments can suffer from a confusion
G._E._Moore
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