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Ability of a digital electronic system to remain in unstable equilibrium forever
designed to allow the system to proceed only after the metastability has resolved, so the metastability is a normal condition, not an error condition. In synchronous
Metastability_(electronics)
Electronic circuit with two stable states
the probability of a metastable event can be reduced to a negligible value, but never to zero. The probability of metastability gets closer and closer
Flip-flop_(electronics)
Metastable excited state of a nuclide
A nuclear isomer is a metastable state of an atomic nucleus in which one or more nucleons (protons or neutrons) occupy excited state levels (higher energy
Nuclear_isomer
Philosophical paradox regarding free will
equally good dates. A version of this situation appears as metastability in digital electronics, when an electric circuit must decide between two states
Buridan's_ass
Electronic circuits that utilize digital signals
Digital electronics Digital electronics is a field of electronics involving the study of digital signals and the engineering of devices that use or produce
Digital_electronics
Model of concurrent computation
takes a computational circuit called an arbiter to settle (see metastability (electronics)). Arbiters are used in computers to deal with the circumstance
Actor_model
Electronic device that allocates access to shared resources
New York University. Retrieved 25 July 2023. Digital Logic Metastability Metastability Performance of Clocked FIFOs The 'Asynchronous' Bibliography
Arbiter_(electronics)
Crossing in digital electronic design
domain. CDC metastability issues can occur between asynchronous clock domains; this is in contrast to reset domain crossing metastability, which can occur
Clock_domain_crossing
Topics referred to by the same term
Arbiter (electronics), which orders signals in asynchronous circuit Synchronizer, an electronic circuit technique; see metastability in electronics Synchronizer
Synchronizer
Electrical circuit with active components
design comprises the analysis and synthesis of electronic circuits. In electronics, prototyping means building an actual circuit to a theoretical design
Electronic_circuit
Buffer in digital electronics
In digital electronics, a tri-state or three-state buffer is a type of digital buffer that has three stable states: a high voltage output state (logical
Three-state_logic
corruption due to metastability. This problem is avoided by passing the data through an asynchronous FIFO, which eliminates metastability and thus ensures
FIFO_(electronic)
Failure mode in MOSFET circuits
Technology SCR Latchup Video Tutorial Shirriff, Ken (August 2025). "Here be dragons: Preventing static damage, latchup, and metastability in the 386".
Latch-up
Phenomenon in electronics
switching outputs to limit the current flow during the gate switch. Metastability in electronics Unbounded nondeterminism Buridan's ass "High-Speed Board Designs"
Ground_bounce
Serializer/deserializer pair in network equipment
Implementations may also make use of a double-buffered register to avoid metastability when transferring data between clock domains. The SIPO (serial input
SerDes
Steel alloy resistant to corrosion
Industrial machinery 29% 26% 25 20% 8% 92% 95% 5% Household appliances & electronics 10% 10% 15 20% 30% 70% 95% 5% Metal goods 23% 27% 15 25% 40% 60% 80%
Stainless_steel
Digital signal that does not reach a valid high or low level
recombined to form a glitch; or when the output of a flip-flop becomes metastable. Some oscilloscopes provide a method for triggering on runt pulses. The
Runt_pulse
When a system's behavior depends on timing of uncontrollable events
A race condition or race hazard is the condition of an electronics, software, or other system where the system's substantive behavior is dependent on
Race_condition
Type of electronic noise that occurs in semiconductors
defects in HfO2 with experimental evidence of the clustering model and metastable vacancy defect state". 2016 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium
Burst_noise
Return of a perturbed system into equilibrium
which can be quantified as the average relaxation time for the solid in a metastable supercooled liquid or glass to approach the molecular motion characteristic
Relaxation_(physics)
Chemical element with atomic number 14 (Si)
portion of very highly purified elemental silicon used in semiconductor electronics (<15%) is essential to the transistors and integrated circuit chips used
Silicon
octal FET bus switch, dual output enable (20) SN74CBT3345 74x3374 1 8-bit metastable-resistant D-type flip-flop three-state 20 SN74AS3374 74x3383 1 5-bit 4-port
List of 7400-series integrated circuits
List_of_7400-series_integrated_circuits
Electromechanical device
be synchronized to the interface clock, both to avoid errors due to metastability and to coerce the signals into the clock domain of the quadrature decoder
Incremental_encoder
Chemical element with metallic and nonmetallic properties
Texas, ISBN 0884152200 Kolobov AV & Tominaga J 2012, Chalcogenides: Metastability and Phase Change Phenomena, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, ISBN 978-3-642-28705-3
Metalloid
Chemical compound
resistance to radiation damage, GaAs is an excellent material for outer space electronics and optical windows in high power applications. Because of its wide band
Gallium_arsenide
Techniques for crystallizing substances
practice, the hotter part of the vessel was at the top. A shortage in the electronics industry of natural quartz crystals from Brazil during World War 2 led
Hydrothermal_synthesis
Synthetic blue pigment from the group of phthalocyanine dyes
colorants. CuPc has often been investigated in the context of molecular electronics. It is potentially suited for organic solar cells because of its high
Copper_phthalocyanine
Chemical compound
short molybdenum-oxygen bond to a non-bridging oxygen. Also known is a metastable (β) form of MoO3 with a WO3-like structure. MoO3 is produced industrially
Molybdenum_trioxide
Diamond created by controlled processes
negligible electrical conductivity. This combination is invaluable for electronics where diamond is used as a heat spreader for high-power laser diodes
Synthetic_diamond
Electronic measuring instrument
is delayed one clock after the time gate ends to allow cycle count metastability to dissipate before transferring the count to the holding register.
Frequency_counter
Device storing number of times an event or process occurred
In digital electronics, a counter is a sequential logic circuit that counts and stores the number of positive or negative transitions of a clock signal
Counter_(digital)
February 1999). "Hydrogen collision model: Quantitative description of metastability in amorphous silicon". Physical Review B. 59 (8). American Physical
Staebler–Wronski_effect
Chemical element with atomic number 73 (Ta)
are attractive for portable telephones, personal computers, automotive electronics and cameras. Tantalum is also used to produce a variety of alloys that
Tantalum
Chemical element with atomic number 31 (Ga)
Gallium is predominantly used in electronics. Gallium arsenide, the primary chemical compound of gallium in electronics, is used in microwave circuits,
Gallium
Part of a Geiger counter
energetic radiation starts to produce pulses which can be detected by the electronics. This is the "starting voltage". Increasing the voltage still further
Geiger–Müller_tube
Chemical element with atomic number 44 (Ru)
sebaceous contaminants and producing brown/black ruthenium dioxide pigment. Electronics is the largest use of ruthenium. Ru metal is particularly non-volatile
Ruthenium
Chemical element with atomic number 74 (W)
instruments that use field emission guns, such as electron microscopes. In electronics, tungsten is used as an interconnect material in integrated circuits
Tungsten
Science and technology of creating objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials
of ceramics were developed in response to advances in atomic energy, electronics, communications, and space travel. The discovery of ceramic superconductors
Ceramic_engineering
Atmospheric electrical phenomenon
closer to the globe than any other part of my body. Jennison, of the Electronics Laboratory at the University of Kent, described his own observation of
Ball_lightning
Array of logic gates that are reprogrammable
must be taken when building clock domain crossing circuitry to avoid metastability. Some FPGAs contain dual port RAM blocks that are capable of working
Field-programmable_gate_array
Form of carbon
stable form of carbon at room temperature and pressure, but diamond is metastable and converts to it at a negligible rate under those conditions. Diamond
Diamond
Type of artificial neural network
technology was not scalable and was eventually abandoned as solid-state electronics became mature. In 1989 Carver Mead published his book Analog VLSI and
Physical_neural_network
Nitride of aluminum
addition to the thermodynamically stable wurtzite phase, AlN can also form a metastable cubic zincblende phase, typically realized in thin films grown under non-equilibrium
Aluminium_nitride
Chemical element with atomic number 55 (Cs)
it has a range of applications in the production of electricity, in electronics, and in chemistry. The radioactive isotope caesium-137 has a half-life
Caesium
Method for converting signals between digital and analog
it is to 0 V (ignoring issues of sample-and-hold time violations and metastability). Whenever a sampling event occurs: if Ɛ(t) is above the 0 V threshold
Delta-sigma_modulation
Battery with solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte
research and development in the 2010s included: solid-state batteries for electronics by Qing Tao announced in 2018; and a solid-state glass battery by John
Solid-state_battery
(or metastable) electronic state in a reversible and detectable fashion, makes these molecular systems appealing in the field of molecular electronics. When
Spin_transition
Type of molecule
state, photoswitches have the potential to replace transistors used in electronics. Through the attachment of photoswitches onto the surfaces of various
Photoswitch
Coordination of events to operate a system in unison
Synchronizers, unlike arbiters, are prone to failure. (See metastability in electronics). Encryption systems usually require some synchronization mechanism
Synchronization
Chemical compound
which results in increased leakage and reduced sensitivity. In digital electronics, transistors control current flow throughout an integrated circuit and
Molybdenum_disulfide
Chemical element with atomic number 29 (Cu)
power transmission, electric power distribution, telecommunications, electronics circuitry, and countless types of electrical equipment. Electrical wiring
Copper
The lasing state I* is produced by near-resonant energy transfer with metastable singlet oxygen O2(a1Δ) [denoted hereafter as O2(a)]. EOIL technology represents
ElectricOIL
Device that emits light via optical amplification
(ISSN 0733-8724) IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics (ISSN 0018-9197) IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics (ISSN 1077-260X) IEEE Photonics Technology
Laser
Chemical compound
1103/PhysRev.32.349. Callear, A. B.; Hedges, R. E. M. (16 September 1967). "Metastability of Rotationally Hot Dihelium at 77° K". Nature. 215 (5107): 1267–1268
Helium_dimer
Cleaning method using gas
activated species include atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, free radicals, metastables, and photons in the short wave ultraviolet (vacuum UV, or VUV for short)
Plasma_cleaning
Type of material
Qiming; Su, Cong; Lin, Yuxuan Cosmi (2024-08-01). "The rise of semi-metal electronics". Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering. 1 (8): 497–515. doi:10.1038/s44287-024-00068-z
Metal
Type of battery
stretch 300% of their original length. Applications for stretchable electronics include energy storage devices and solar cells. Researchers at the University
Nanobatteries
semiconductor reliability include: voltage, power, and current derating; metastability; logic timing margins (logic simulation); timing analysis; temperature
Reliability_(semiconductor)
Stage of electronic circuit design validation
circuits used at these asynchronous boundaries to prevent issues like metastability and data corruption. Specialized static analysis and formal verification
Functional_verification
Electrical discharge between two electrodes separated by an insulating dielectric barrier
Discharge lamp". The 2010 International Power Electronics Conference – ECCE ASIA -. Power Electronics Conference (IPEC) 2010 International (published
Dielectric_barrier_discharge
Oxide of silicon
untold important facts. International series on advances in solid state electronics and technology. World Scientific. pp. 96–97. ISBN 9789812814456. "Martin
Silicon_dioxide
compounds, metal-polymer mixtures (e.g., magnesium/teflon/viton-like), metastable intermolecular composites (MIC), matrix materials, and hydrides. These
Reactive_material
signal should stay stable. Violating a hold constraint can result in metastability or unwanted behaviors. Hold time constraint: t l o g i c > t h − t c
Timing_closure
Category of chemical elements
widespread. Industrial uses of nonmetals as the dominant component include in electronics, combustion, lubrication and machining. Most nonmetallic elements were
Nonmetal
Solar-cell architecture
Biswas, R; Pan, B.C (April 2002). "Defect kinetics in new model of metastability in a-Si:H". Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. 299–302: 507–510. Bibcode:2002JNCS
Heterojunction_solar_cell
Chemical element with atomic number 50 (Sn)
Daly, Tom (5 December 2021). "Tin surge worsens supply chain woes for electronics, solar and auto firms". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-12-07. "Tin demand to
Tin
Materials made only out of carbon
suitable to build microchips from, or the use of diamond as a heat sink in electronics. Significant research efforts in Japan, Europe, and the United States
Allotropes_of_carbon
Physical phenomenon
nanoparticles at liquid interfaces is essential for integrating them into electronics, optics, sensing, and catalysis devices. Molecular arrangements at liquid/liquid
Self-assembly of nanoparticles
Self-assembly_of_nanoparticles
American chemical engineer (born 1966)
crystallization using laser backscattering and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy: Metastability, agglomeration, and control", Crystal Growth & Design, 2 (5): 363–370
Richard_D._Braatz
Chemical element with atomic number 13 (Al)
capita stock of aluminium in use in society (i.e. in cars, buildings, electronics, etc.) is 80 kg (180 lb). Much of this is in more-developed countries
Aluminium
Quantum mechanical phenomenon
is a source of current leakage in very-large-scale integration (VLSI) electronics and results in a substantial power drain and heating effects that plague
Quantum_tunnelling
Type of gas laser
state) are long-lived metastable states. Because of a fortuitous near-coincidence between the energy levels of the two He metastable states and the 5s2 and
Helium–neon_laser
Smallest unit of a chemical element
Haacke, E.M. (1999). Webster, J.G. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering: Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Vol. 2. John Wiley & Sons. pp
Atom
Chemical element with atomic number 9 (F)
associated with oil-filled devices. Several fluorine compounds are used in electronics: rhenium and tungsten hexafluoride in chemical vapor deposition, tetrafluoromethane
Fluorine
Chemical compound
lies in the infrared region. It has potential use as a semiconductor in electronics or an infrared detector. MoTe2 is black. Although sometimes described
Molybdenum_ditelluride
Chemical compound
rings connected by Si−O−Si bridges within the layer. The Wöhler form is metastable and slowly converts to the Kautsky form via hydrolysis, with oxygen inserting
Siloxene
Chemical element with atomic number 30 (Zn)
other chalcogenides (ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe) have varied applications in electronics and optics. Pnictogenides (Zn 3N 2, Zn 3P 2, Zn 3As 2 and Zn 3Sb 2),
Zinc
Digital circuit without clock cycles
and power present several advantages. Robust and cheap handling of metastability of arbiters. Average-case performance: an average-case time (delay)
Asynchronous_circuit
Transparent non-crystalline solid material
packaging is sustainable, readily recycled, reusable and refillable. For electronics applications, glass can be used as a substrate in the manufacture of
Glass
American electrical engineer
group at RCA Laboratories in 1980. He later worked for Thomson Consumer Electronics and was the manager of the Materials Science Branch at the National Renewable
David_L._Staebler
Refractory compound of boron and nitrogen with formula BN
it a candidate for high-power, deep-ultraviolet, and two-dimensional electronics. Boron nitride exists in multiple forms that differ in the arrangement
Boron_nitride
Chemical element with atomic number 34 (Se)
Selenium is a semiconductor and is used in photocells. Applications in electronics, once important, have been mostly replaced with silicon semiconductor
Selenium
South Korean chemist and physicist (born 1950)
WJ; Kim, J; Lee, J; Keyes, T; Straub, JE; Kim, KS (2014). "Limit of Metastability for Liquid and Vapor Phases of Water". Physical Review Letters. 112
Kwang_Soo_Kim
Chemical element with atomic number 82 (Pb)
use is decreasing as lead is being phased out. Its use in solder for electronics is also being phased out by some countries to reduce the amount of environmentally
Lead
Metal alloys made by combining titanium with other elements
expensive sports cars and some premium sports equipment and consumer electronics. Although "commercially pure" titanium has acceptable mechanical properties
Titanium_alloys
Crystalline form of carbon
graphite in the late 1980s and early 1990s – a growth driven by portable electronics, such as portable CD players and power tools. Laptops, mobile phones
Graphite
Device that measures magnetism
Noise is the random fluctuations generated by the magnetometer sensor or electronics. Noise is given in the unit nT/√Hz, where frequency component refers
Magnetometer
results and can even push the indeterminacy elsewhere. e.g., see metastability in electronics and arbiters. Instead of observing the internals of arbitration
Indeterminacy in concurrent computation
Indeterminacy_in_concurrent_computation
Chemical compound
reactive sputtering enabled high-quality NbN films for superconducting electronics. In the early 2000s, NbN became the foundational material for superconducting
Niobium_nitride
Reversible transition in amorphous materials
flexibility for a variety of applications like packaging, automotive parts and electronics. There are various different classifications of polymer blends but in
Glass_transition
Crystalline chemical element or compound formed by geologic processes
insulators and can be split into very thin flakes. Micas can be used in electronics as insulators, in construction, as optical filler, or even cosmetics
Mineral
Force distributed over an area
Palgrave Macmillan. p. 106. ISBN 9781137443243. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (1992). 268-1992 (Technical report). "Gas Pressure Study Guide
Pressure
State of matter with properties of both conventional liquids and crystals
Nash JA (1973). "New family of nematic liquid crystals for displays". Electronics Letters. 9 (6): 130. Bibcode:1973ElL.....9..130G. doi:10.1049/el:19730096
Liquid_crystal
Luminescent substance
impurity centers exciting certain metastable states not accessible to the excitons. The delayed de-excitation of those metastable impurity states, slowed by
Phosphor
Chemical compound
Pnma). It is also known that hafnia may adopt two other orthorhombic metastable phases (space group Pca21 and Pmn21) over a wide range of pressures and
Hafnium(IV)_oxide
Ejecta from the Sun's corona
(GSE) which built up the image onto Polaroid print. David Roberts, an electronics technician working for NRL who had been responsible for the testing of
Coronal_mass_ejection
clockless logic and doing extra testing to ensure the design avoids metastability problems. Even so, several asynchronous CPUs have been built, including
History of general-purpose CPUs
History_of_general-purpose_CPUs
Lamp using fluorescence to produce light
shapes and sizes. Many compact fluorescent lamps integrate the auxiliary electronics into the base of the lamp, allowing them to fit into a regular light
Fluorescent_lamp
produced X-rays as a technically unavoidable by-product in the high-voltage electronics of the equipment. In the 1960s and 1970s, German soldiers and technicians
History of radiation protection
History_of_radiation_protection
Alloys with high proportions of several metals
N. Sargent, J. Stokes, W. Xiong, T.M. Smith, A. Moridi, Harnessing metastability for grain size control in multiprincipal element alloys during additive
High-entropy_alloy
METASTABILITY ELECTRONICS
METASTABILITY ELECTRONICS
METASTABILITY ELECTRONICS
METASTABILITY ELECTRONICS
Girl/Female
American, Australian
Valley; Church Leader
Girl/Female
Indian
Friend
Girl/Female
Indian
Infinite, Divine
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu
Lake of Lotuses
Girl/Female
Spanish
From Briseis, the woman Achilles loved in Homer's Iliad.
Girl/Female
French, German
Spear Ruler
Girl/Female
Indian
Sun
Girl/Female
Latin
Wonderful; extraordinary.
Boy/Male
Indian
Success, Unconquerable, Invincible
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Easily Pleased; Lord Shiva
METASTABILITY ELECTRONICS
METASTABILITY ELECTRONICS
METASTABILITY ELECTRONICS
METASTABILITY ELECTRONICS
METASTABILITY ELECTRONICS
n.
Capacity of being odious.