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American theoretical computer scientist (born 1954)
Michael Fredric Sipser (born September 17, 1954) is an American theoretical computer scientist who has made early contributions to computational complexity
Michael_Sipser
Venezuelan computer scientist
Impagliazzo, Silvio Micali, Gary Miller, Moni Naor, Steven Rudich, Michael Sipser, Ronitt Rubinfeld, Umesh Vazirani, Vijay Vazirani, Luis von Ahn, and
Manuel_Blum
Bounded-error probabilistic polynomial time is contained in the polynomial time hierarchy
polynomial time hierarchy, and more specifically Σ2 ∩ Π2. In 1983, Michael Sipser showed that BPP is contained in the polynomial time hierarchy. Péter
Sipser–Lautemann_theorem
1997 computer science textbook
(ISBN 0-534-95097-3) is a textbook in theoretical computer science, written by Michael Sipser and first published by PWS Publishing in 1997. The third edition appeared
Introduction to the Theory of Computation
Introduction_to_the_Theory_of_Computation
American computer scientist (born 1963)
a doctorate in applied mathematics from MIT in 1989, supervised by Michael Sipser. Since graduation, he has been on the faculty of the University of Chicago
Lance_Fortnow
Abstract machine that models computation
abstract Archived 2006-06-23 at the Wayback Machine Shafi Goldwasser and Michael Sipser. Private coins versus public coins in interactive proof systems Archived
Interactive_proof_system
Form of source code, without regard to meaning
Programming Languages. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 0-201-65697-3. Michael Sipser (1997). "2.2 Pushdown Automata". Introduction to the Theory of Computation
Syntax (programming languages)
Syntax_(programming_languages)
American computer scientist
dissertation, Property Testing: Theory and Applications, was supervised by Michael Sipser. After postdoctoral research at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and
Sofya_Raskhodnikova
prior super-polynomial lower bounds of Merrick Furst, James Saxe and Michael Sipser and independently Miklós Ajtai. This is done by applying the switching
Switching_lemma
Notation for context-free formal grammars
Wisconsin-Madison. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-07-19. Sipser, Michael (2006). Introduction to the theory of computation (2nd ed.). Boston:
Chomsky_normal_form
American mathematician
his doctoral degree in mathematics in 2007 under the supervision of Michael Sipser and Ronald Rivest, winning the George M. Sprowls prize for his thesis
Andrew Sutherland (mathematician)
Andrew_Sutherland_(mathematician)
Computational problem
depth-first search. The following proof is due to David Lichtenstein and Michael Sipser. To establish the PSPACE-hardness of GG, we can reduce the FORMULA-GAME
Generalized_geography
American computer scientist
October 1, 2012. SIAM: George Pólya Prize "National Academy of Sciences – Michael and Sheila Prize". Archived from the original on April 15, 2017. Brief
Daniel_Spielman
Function in Boolean algebra
by Håstad (1998). In the early 1980s, Merrick Furst, James Saxe and Michael Sipser and independently Miklós Ajtai established super-polynomial lower bounds
Parity_function
Table in automata theory and sequential logic
317428 {{citation}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help) Michael Sipser: Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing Co., Boston
State-transition_table
North American high school competition
Problem Solving, Inc. and Director of the USA Mathematical Talent Search Michael Sipser, Professor of Applied Mathematics and Dean of Science at MIT Gigliola
Math_Prize_for_Girls
Set of decision problems
Computer Science. 11 (1): 71–77. doi:10.1016/0304-3975(80)90037-7. Michael Sipser (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing. ISBN 0-534-94728-X
EXPSPACE
British theoretical physicist
Samuel Gutmann. Since 1997, he has been working, with Farhi, Gutmann, Michael Sipser and Andrew Childs, on quantum computation algorithms. Fellow of the
Jeffrey_Goldstone
Function used in computer cryptography
Introduction to Modern Cryptography. CRC Press. ISBN 1-58488-551-3. Michael Sipser (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing.
One-way_function
Revised Selected Papers, LNCS 3317, pp. 156–166. doi:10.1007/b105090 Michael Sipser. 2006. Introduction to the Theory of Computation (2nd ed.). International
Generalized nondeterministic finite automaton
Generalized_nondeterministic_finite_automaton
Language for controlling a computer
and 3D games with Visual Scripting in Unity. Packt Publishing Ltd. Michael Sipser (1996). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing.
Programming_language
1979 computer science textbook
this edition of the book. Introduction to the Theory of Computation by Michael Sipser, another standard textbook in the field Solutions to Selected Exercises
Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation
Introduction_to_Automata_Theory,_Languages,_and_Computation
Transformation of one computational problem to another
noncomputable function can reduce an undecidable problem to a decidable one. As Michael Sipser points out in Introduction to the Theory of Computation: "The reduction
Reduction_(complexity)
Computational Geometry Michael Garey and David S. Johnson – Computers and Intractability Michael Halvorson – Learn BASIC Now Michael Sipser – Introduction to
List_of_computer_books
American high school summer research program
Akamai Technologies co-founder and CEO Tom Leighton, and mathematician Michael Sipser. RSI's staff is generally composed primarily, if not entirely, of alumni
Research_Science_Institute
Ability to solve a problem by an effective procedure
undecidable problems Computational complexity theory Computability logic Michael Sipser (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing. ISBN 0-534-94728-X
Computability
Abstract machine in computer science
undecidable. Michael Sipser (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing. p. 102. ISBN 0-534-94728-X. Soltys-kulinicz, Michael (2018).
Deterministic pushdown automaton
Deterministic_pushdown_automaton
Complexity class from interactive proofs
1016/s0022-0000(05)80084-4. Furer Martin, Goldreich Oded, Mansour Yishay, Sipser Michael, Zachos Stathis (1989). "On Completeness and Soundness in Interactive
IP_(complexity)
Given more time, a Turing machine can solve more problems
316. doi:10.1109/FOCS.2004.33. ISBN 0-7695-2228-9. S2CID 5555450. Sipser, Michael (27 June 2012). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (3rd ed.)
Time_hierarchy_theorem
Computational complexity
Space". Computational Complexity. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-53082-1. Michael Sipser (27 June 1997). "Sections 8.4–8.6: The Classes L and NL, NL-completeness
NL_(complexity)
On collapse of the polynomial hierarchy if NP is in non-uniform polynomial time class
original proof collapsed PH to Σ 3 {\displaystyle \Sigma _{3}} , but Michael Sipser improved it to Σ 2 {\displaystyle \Sigma _{2}} .) Variants of the theorem
Karp–Lipton_theorem
Bernard Haykel،Thomas. Introduction to the Theory of Computation – Michael Sipser. 500 Most Powerful Muslims Archived 1 September 2017 at the Wayback
Issa_Al-Ghaith
Concept in computer science
Random Sources. Pages 269–271 of section 11.4: Circuit complexity. Michael Sipser (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing. ISBN 0-534-94728-X
BPP_(complexity)
Undecidable decision problem introduced by Emil Post
PCP cannot be decidable either. The following discussion is based on Michael Sipser's textbook Introduction to the Theory of Computation. In more detail
Post_correspondence_problem
Creationist argument by William Dembski
intelligence Archived 2007-07-28 at the Wayback Machine (loc. cit. p. 16) Michael Sipser (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation, PWS Publishing Company
Specified_complexity
Abstract computation model
Theory of Computation. Springer-Verlag. p. 58. ISBN 978-1-84628-297-3. Michael Sipser (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (2nd ed.). PWS Publishing
Alternating_Turing_machine
Greek mathematician and logician (born 1947)
ISBN 978-3-540-18625-0. Fürer, Martin; Oded Goldreich; Yishay Mansour; Michael Sipser; Stathis Zachos (1989). "On completeness and soundness in interactive
Stathis_Zachos
Bet on the outcome of a scientific question
at least he would have the consolation of winning the bet. In 1975, Michael Sipser wagered an ounce of gold with Leonard Adleman that the P versus NP problem
Scientific_wager
Computational Complexity. Addison-Wesley, 1994. ISBN 0-201-53082-1. Michael Sipser. Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing Co., Boston
SL_(complexity)
American physicist
algorithms based on quantum walks. Along with Jeffrey Goldstone and Michael Sipser, they introduced an early proposal for adiabatic quantum computation
Edward_Farhi
American mathematician
computation Scientific career Fields Computer science, applied mathematics Workplaces California Institute of Technology Doctoral advisor Michael Sipser
Leonard_Schulman
Scofidio Steven Shapin Neil H. Shubin Beth Ann Simmons Robert H. Singer Michael Sipser Dan I. Slobin Alfred Z. Spector Susan Levitt Stamberg Stephen Peter
List of American Academy of Arts and Sciences members (2006–2019)
List_of_American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences_members_(2006–2019)
Ramamoorthi Yvonne Rogers Yong Rui Bernhard Schölkopf Steven M. Seitz Michael Sipser Anand Sivasubramaniam Mani B. Srivistava Alexander Vardy Geoffrey M
List of fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
List_of_fellows_of_the_Association_for_Computing_Machinery
Chinese-American mathematician
computational learning theory and online algorithms; it was supervised by Michael Sipser. She worked as a researcher at RSA Laboratories from 1994 to 1999, and
Yiqun_Lisa_Yin
(1978–1984) Hu Shih (B.A. 1914) – chancellor of Peking University (1946–1948) Michael Sipser (B.A. 1974 mathematics) – Donner Professor of Mathematics and dean of
List of Cornell University alumni (education)
List_of_Cornell_University_alumni_(education)
Boolean satisfiability is NP-complete and therefore that NP-complete problems exist
equivalent, and the proof can be found in many textbooks, for example Michael Sipser's Introduction to the Theory of Computation (section 7.3.), as well as
Cook–Levin_theorem
Formal language in mathematics and computer science
Sipser, Michael (1997). "Decidability". Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing. pp. 151–170. ISBN 978-0-534-94728-6. Sipser, Michael
Recursive_language
Notion of the "hardest" or "most general" problem in a complexity class
problems. For example, Sipser showed that there is a language M such that BPPM (BPP with oracle M) has no complete problems. Sipser, Michael (1982). "On relativization
Complete_(complexity)
theory of automatic groups. Graded lexicographic order Level order Sipser, Michael (2012). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (3 ed.). Boston,
Shortlex_order
Type of finite automaton in automata theory
ISBN 978-3-662-44521-1. ISSN 0302-9743. Sakoda, William J.; Sipser, Michael (1978). Nondeterminism and the Size of Two Way Finite Automata. STOC
Two-way_finite_automaton
Complexity class of bounded-depth circuits
Descriptive Complexity. Springer. p. 85. Furst, Merrick; Saxe, James B.; Sipser, Michael (1984). "Parity, circuits, and the polynomial-time hierarchy". Mathematical
AC0
Complexity class (logarithmic space)
Wesley. Chapter 16: Logarithmic space, pp. 395–408. ISBN 0-201-53082-1. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing.
L_(complexity)
Parsing algorithm for context-free grammars
algorithmically transformed into a CNF grammar expressing the same language (Sipser 1997). The importance of the CYK algorithm stems from its high efficiency
CYK_algorithm
Academic subfield of computer science
formal language and automata. Narosa Publishing. ISBN 9788173197819. Sipser, Michael (2013). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (3rd ed.). Cengage
Theory_of_computation
Mathematical model of computation
testing, suggests that randomness may add power. Randomized algorithm Sipser, Michael (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (2nd ed.). USA: Thomson
Probabilistic_Turing_machine
Unsolved problem in computer science
445–450. doi:10.1142/9789812794499_0033. ISBN 978-981-02-1462-3. Sipser, Michael: Introduction to the Theory of Computation, Second Edition, International
P_versus_NP_problem
American computer scientist
FSS. Furst, Merrick; Saxe, James B.; Sipser, Michael (1984), "Parity, circuits, and the polynomial-time hierarchy", Mathematical Systems Theory, 17 (1):
James_B._Saxe
decidable for context-free grammars. Intersection non-emptiness problem Sipser, Michael (2012). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. Cengage Learning
Emptiness_problem
Computation model defining an abstract machine
McGraw–Hill) ed.). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-68052-1. Sipser, Michael (2012) [1997]. "Chapter 3: The Church–Turing Thesis". Introduction
Turing_machine
{\displaystyle \psi } true, no matter what choice Player A makes. Sipser, Michael. (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. Boston: Thomson
Formula_game
1948 chess program
(2009). How Computers Play Chess. Ishi Press. ISBN 978-4-87187-801-2. Sipser, Michael (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing.
Turochamp
Complexity class
Theoretical Computer Science. Elsevier. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-262-72014-4. Sipser, Michael (2012). Introduction to the theory of computation (Third ed.). Cengage
NP-completeness
Formal language that can be expressed using a regular expression
Language Theory. Pitman Publishing. ISBN 0-273-08522-0. Zbl 0487.68064. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing.
Regular_language
Abstract machine used to study decision problems
and effective computability. New York: McGraw-Hill. OCLC 559483934. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the theory of computation. Boston: PWS Publishing
Oracle_machine
Sequence of characters that forms a search pattern
2019-10-22. Kerrisk, Michael. "grep(1) - Linux manual page". man7.org. Retrieved 31 January 2023. Hopcroft, Motwani & Ullman (2000) Sipser (1998) Gelade &
Regular_expression
Sequence of operations for a task
Scott, Michael L. (2009). Programming Language Pragmatics (3rd ed.). Morgan Kaufmann Publishers/Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-12-374514-9. Sipser, Michael (2006)
Algorithm
Interactive proof system in computational complexity theory
are constrained to be public (i.e. known to the prover too). Goldwasser & Sipser (1986) proved that all (formal) languages with interactive proofs of arbitrary
Arthur–Merlin_protocol
Model of computational complexity
{\displaystyle i\in \{1,\ldots ,n\}} . Circuit minimization See proof. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the theory of computation (1 ed.). Boston,
Circuit_complexity
Lemma that defines a property of regular languages
automata. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN 978-1-58488-255-8. Zbl 1086.68074. Sipser, Michael (1997). "1.4: Nonregular Languages". Introduction to the Theory of
Pumping lemma for regular languages
Pumping_lemma_for_regular_languages
Formal language generated by context-free grammar
Theory of Context-Free Languages. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill. Sipser, Michael (1997). "2: Context-Free Languages". Introduction to the Theory of
Context-free_language
UK student exchange programme
and Impact. Waltham: Elsevier. pp. 481–485. ISBN 978-0-12-386980-7. Sipser, Michael (2012). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. Cengage Learning
Turing_scheme
List of concepts in artificial intelligence
understanding tasks" — Jeffrey Dean, minute 0:47 / 2:17 from YouTube clip Sipser, Michael (2013). Introduction to the Theory of Computation 3rd. Cengage Learning
Glossary of artificial intelligence
Glossary_of_artificial_intelligence
Mathematical model of computation
(1st ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. ISBN 978-0-7637-3834-1. Sipser, Michael (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (2nd ed.). Boston
Finite-state_machine
Problem in computer science
those who personally knew Hilbert, and Hilbert's letters and papers. Sipser, Michael (2006). "Section 4.2: The Halting Problem". Introduction to the Theory
Halting_problem
English computer scientist (1912–1954)
Park War Diaries: July 1939 – August 1945 (2.6 ed.). Wynne Press. Sipser, Michael (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing.
Alan_Turing
Class of computational complexity
Wesley. ISBN 0-201-53082-1. Chapter 19: Polynomial space, pp. 455–490. Sipser, Michael (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (2nd ed.). Thomson
PSPACE
Task of transforming a deterministic finite automaton
Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-84425-3, Zbl 1188.68177 Sipser, Michael (2013), Introduction to the Theory of Computation (PDF), Course Technology
DFA_minimization
Amount of resources to perform an algorithm
Computational Complexity (1st ed.), Addison Wesley, ISBN 0-201-53082-1 Sipser, Michael (2006), Introduction to the Theory of Computation (2nd ed.), USA: Thomson
Computational_complexity
doi:10.1016/0022-0000(88)90030-X. Furst, Merrick; Saxe, James B.; Sipser, Michael (1984), "Parity, circuits, and the polynomial-time hierarchy", Mathematical
TC_(complexity)
Complexity class used to classify decision problems
Algorithmics: The Spirit of Computing (3rd ed.). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Sipser, Michael (2013) [1997]. "Chapter 7 / Time complexity". Introduction to the Theory
NP_(complexity)
Type of pumping lemma
Information and Control. 3 (4): 372–375. doi:10.1016/s0019-9958(60)90965-7. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing.
Pumping lemma for context-free languages
Pumping_lemma_for_context-free_languages
Type of finite-state machine in automata theory
Research and Development. 3 (2): 114–125. doi:10.1147/rd.32.0114. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (1st ed.). PWS Publishing
Nondeterministic finite automaton
Nondeterministic_finite_automaton
Hierarchy of classes of formal grammars
of the Royal Society B. 367: 1933–1955. doi:10.1098/rstb.2012.0103. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (1st ed.). Cengage
Chomsky_hierarchy
Formal language
{\displaystyle L} is also recursive. Computably enumerable set Recursion Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (1st ed.). PWS Publishing
Recursively enumerable language
Recursively_enumerable_language
alternating graphs, the problem is P-complete (Immerman 1999, p. 54). Sipser, Michael (2006), Introduction to the Theory of Computation, Thompson Course
St-connectivity
Inherent difficulty of computational problems
Computational Complexity (1st ed.), Addison Wesley, ISBN 978-0-201-53082-7 Sipser, Michael (2006), Introduction to the Theory of Computation (2nd ed.), USA: Thomson
Computational complexity theory
Computational_complexity_theory
Study of abstract machines and automata
Languages, and Computation (3rd ed.). Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-321-45536-3. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (1st ed.). PWS Publishing
Automata_theory
Describes approximate behavior of a function
Annali di Matematica. Series 2. 4: 338–353. doi:10.1007/BF02420041. Sipser, Michael (2012). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (3 ed.). Boston,
Big_O_notation
Method for making finite automata deterministic
Development. 3 (2): 114–125. doi:10.1147/rd.32.0114. ISSN 0018-8646. Sipser, Michael (1997). "Theorem 1.19". Introduction to the Theory of Computation.
Powerset_construction
Problem of finding a cycle through all vertices of a graph
Wikimedia Commons Sipser, Michael (2013). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (3rd ed.). Cengage Learning. pp. 292–314. Garey, Michael R; Johnson, David
Hamiltonian_path_problem
Class of problems solvable in polynomial time
American Mathematical Society. pp. 153–175. doi:10.1090/psapm/019. Sipser, Michael (2006). "Section 7.2: The Class P". Introduction to the Theory of Computation
P_(complexity)
Type of automaton
Dominion University (cs.odu.edu). Retrieved 7 April 2024.[dead link] Sipser, Michael (1997). "2.2: Pushdown Automata". Introduction to the Theory of Computation
Pushdown_automaton
Finite-state machine
Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-84425-3. Zbl 1188.68177. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (1st ed.). PWS Publishing
Deterministic finite automaton
Deterministic_finite_automaton
Set of problems in computational complexity theory
ISBN 978-0132288064. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 21, 2022. Sipser, Michael (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (PDF) (2nd ed.).
Complexity_class
Type of decision problem in computer science
Peters Eppstein, David, Computational Complexity of Games and Puzzles Sipser, Michael (1997), "Section 8.3: PSPACE-completeness", Introduction to the Theory
PSPACE-complete
Quantum computing company
11828. PMID 9948016. Farhi, Edward; Goldstone, Jeffrey; Gutmann, Sam; Sipser, Michael (2000). "Quantum Computation by Adiabatic Evolution". arXiv:quant-ph/0001106
D-Wave_Systems
Field of knowledge
LCCN 2014000240. OCLC 867717052. S2CID 19315498. Retrieved 2024-02-09. Sipser, Michael (Jul 1992). The History and Status of the P versus NP Question. STOC
Mathematics
Rule system for formal languages
Languages, and Computation (3rd ed.). Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-321-45536-3. Sipser, Michael (1997). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (1st ed.). PWS Publishing
Context-free_grammar
Model of computation
Introduction to Circuit Complexity. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 3-540-64310-9. Sipser, Michael (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation (2nd ed.). USA: Thomson
Boolean_circuit
Computer science concept
therefore act as "representatives" of the class for which they are complete. Sipser–Lautemann theorem: B P P ⊂ Σ 2 P ∩ Π 2 P {\displaystyle \mathrm {BPP} \subset
Polynomial_hierarchy
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MICHAEL SIPSER
MICHAEL SIPSER
MICHAEL SIPSER
MICHAEL SIPSER
MICHAEL SIPSER
MICHAEL SIPSER
MICHAEL SIPSER
MICHAEL SIPSER
MICHAEL SIPSER
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