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Concept in quantum electronics
an exciton. The carrier multiplication effect in a dot can be understood as creating multiple excitons, and is called multiple exciton generation (MEG)
Multiple_exciton_generation
Maximum theoretical efficiency of a solar cell
way to utilise multiple exciton generation is a process called singlet fission (or singlet exciton fission) by which a singlet exciton is converted into
Shockley–Queisser_limit
Alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics
processes that could exceed conventional efficiency limits. Multiple exciton generation (MEG), also termed carrier multiplication, represents a quantum
Perovskite_solar_cell
Type of solar cell based on quantum dot devices
(exciton) can be generated per incoming photon. Multiple exciton generation (MEG) is an exciton relaxation pathway which allows two or more excitons to
Quantum_dot_solar_cell
Nano-scale semiconductor particles
produce more than one exciton from one high-energy photon via the process of carrier multiplication or multiple exciton generation (MEG). This compares
Quantum_dot
Topics referred to by the same term
Gamma experiment, a particle physics experiment in muon decay Multiple exciton generation, a concept in quantum electronics Musée d'ethnographie de Genève
MEG
Type of second-generation solar cell
more than one electron-hole pair per photon in a process called multiple exciton generation (MEG) which could allow for a theoretical maximum conversion
Thin-film_solar_cell
Device used to produce electricity from light
high extinction coefficients and have shown the possibility of multiple exciton generation. In a QDSC, a mesoporous layer of titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Solar_cell
Property of photosensitive devices
energy conversion efficiency value. Note that in the event of multiple exciton generation (MEG), quantum efficiencies of greater than 100% may be achieved
Quantum_efficiency
Heat-activated light emission
results in 25% singlet excitons and 75% triplet excitons. In other words, the corresponding exciton states, 1CT(exciton) and 3CT(exciton), are populated accordingly
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence
Thermally_activated_delayed_fluorescence
incorporate CNT-Silicon heterojunctions to leverage efficient multiple-exciton generation at p-n junctions formed within individual CNTs. In the nearer
Potential applications of carbon nanotubes
Potential_applications_of_carbon_nanotubes
Device that emites acoustic radiation
for electrons and holes to be bound into an exciton: indirect exciton and direct exciton. In indirect exciton, electrons and holes are in different quantum
Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
Sound_amplification_by_stimulated_emission_of_radiation
Ukrainian–American physical chemist (born 1970)
of the phonon-bottleneck, and demonstrated a new mechanism of multiple exciton generation. The latter process was compared to singlet fission in molecular
Oleg_Prezhdo
Research in the field of photovoltaics
able to achieve up to 42% energy conversion efficiency due to multiple exciton generation (MEG). MIT researchers have found a way of using a virus to improve
Solar_cell_research
Phenomenon in solid-state physics of semiconductors
material, it can either be absorbed (generating a pair of free carriers or an exciton) or it can stimulate a recombination event. The generated photon has similar
Carrier generation and recombination
Carrier_generation_and_recombination
Ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 10–121nm
can be closer to each other. The exciton itself diffuses quite a large distance (>10 nm). As the name implies, an exciton is an excited state; only when
Extreme_ultraviolet
American (of Greek origin) physicist
S.; Rao, B. T.; Sathe, V. G.; Shukla, D. K. (2023-09-21). "Multiple exciton generation in ${\mathrm{VO}}_{2}$". Physical Review B. 108 (12) 125133.
Efstratios_Manousakis
Effect in quantum electronics
presence of the potential barriers around the quantum well, meaning that excitons are able to exist in the system even under the influence of an electric
Quantum-confined_Stark_effect
Molecule investigation technique
electrons and holes can be bound to excitons that are hydrogen-like states of matter. At the same time, the exciton binding energy is few to hundreds of
Terahertz_spectroscopy
absorber and exciton donor. The other facilitates exciton dissociation at the junction. Charge is transferred and then separated after an exciton created in
Hybrid_solar_cell
Diode that emits light from an organic compound
and that the conducting level of anthracene is higher in energy than the exciton energy level. Also in 1965, Wolfgang Helfrich and W. G. Schneider of the
OLED
Maximum possible efficiency of electrical power from sunlight
exciton states unlike inorganic and crystalline solar cells. The efficiency of the excitonic solar cells and inorganic solar cells (with less exciton-binding
Thermodynamic efficiency limit
Thermodynamic_efficiency_limit
Elementary particle, fundamental constituent of matter
Elementary fermions are grouped into three generations, each comprising two leptons and two quarks. The first generation includes up and down quarks, the second
Quark
Class of semiconductor nanocrystals
triplet state. Several effects have been suggested to play a role on the exciton fine structure such as electron-hole exchange interactions, crystal field
Perovskite_nanocrystal
Device that switches or amplifies optical signals
a system of microcavity polaritons (exciton-polaritons inside an optical microcavity) where, similar to exciton-based optical transistors, polaritons
Optical_transistor
Type of angular momentum in light
supporting an excitonic state whose symmetry is such that in the course of the exciton relaxing, a radiation mode of non-zero topological charge is created directly
Orbital angular momentum of light
Orbital_angular_momentum_of_light
Electricity generating device
array of single particles between the electrodes, each separated by ~1 exciton diffusion length, was proposed to improve the device efficiency and research
Nanocrystal_solar_cell
Ignitron rectifiers just like the WAM-1 but some were later refitted with Exciton rectifiers. Some even had the Mitsubishi logo painted on their sides. 38
Indian_locomotive_class_WAM-2
Topological bound state of an electron
Hall states are excitons of composite fermions, that is, particle hole pairs of composite fermions. The energy dispersion of these excitons has been measured
Composite_fermion
Type of photovoltaic
be regarded as an exciton, or an electron-hole pair bound together by electrostatic interactions. In photovoltaic cells, excitons are broken up into
Organic_solar_cell
Technique in quantum optics
single photon at 1,550 nm with preserved antibunching. Exciting atoms and excitons to highly interacting Rydberg levels prevents more than one excitation
Single-photon_source
Subatomic particle having no substructure
the ordinary particles. The 12 fundamental fermions are divided into 3 generations of 4 particles each. Half of the fermions are leptons, three of which
Elementary_particle
Material which glows when excited by ionizing radiation
3) at 750 nm which is attributed to exciton emission near the band gap of the compounds. In this first generation of Pb-halide perovskites the emission
Scintillator
Practical physics application
and holes to move into the quantum dot layer and recombine forming an exciton that excites a QD. This scheme is commonly studied for quantum dot display
Light-emitting_diode_physics
Theory of forces and subatomic particles
grouped into generations (see the table). Each member of a generation has a greater mass than the corresponding particle of generations prior. Thus, there
Standard_Model
American physicist (born 1970)
1998, both also in physics. Her doctoral research focused on "Coupled Exciton-Photon Modes in Semiconductor Optical Microcavities". Lipson then spent
Michal_Lipson
Non-linear optical imaging modality
Benjamin L.; Noriega, Rodrigo; Wu, Hao; Ginsberg, Naomi S. (2013). "Revealing Exciton Dynamics in a Small-Molecule Organic Semiconducting Film with Subdomain
Pump–probe_microscopy
photostability. The luminescent properties of quantum dots arise from exciton decay (recombination of electron hole pairs) which can proceed through
Core–shell semiconductor nanocrystal
Core–shell_semiconductor_nanocrystal
Theory of a quantum origin of consciousness
that "anesthetic molecules can impair π-resonance energy transfer and exciton hopping in 'quantum channels' of tryptophan rings in tubulin, and thus
Orchestrated objective reduction
Orchestrated_objective_reduction
Materials that convert light to energy
organic solar cells, a photon is absorbed by the donor and an exciton is generated. The exciton diffuses to a donor/acceptor interface, or heterojunction
Light_harvesting_materials
Class of atomically thin materials
emerging direction came from the rather unexpected observation of magnetic exciton in NiPS3. Gong, C.; et al. (2017). "Discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism
Magnetic_2D_materials
Elementary particle involved with rest mass
very unstable, decaying into other particles almost immediately upon generation. The Higgs field is a scalar field with two neutral and two electrically
Higgs_boson
Anti-particle to the electron
decay can be considered both artificial and natural production, as the generation of the radioisotope can be natural or artificial. Perhaps the best known
Positron
Equipment using an organic dye to emit coherent light
Modern Communications, Fifth Edition, page 266 "Tuning Curves" (PDF). Exciton. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-20. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
Dye_laser
Photovoltaic materials used to replace conventional building materials
efficiencies have resulted due to a variety of challenges. These include small exciton diffusion lengths, scaling of transparent electrodes without jeopardizing
Building-integrated photovoltaics
Building-integrated_photovoltaics
Award
effects in biomolecular systems – in particular, to the understanding of exciton-vibration interactions and the emergence of nontrivial quantum behaviour
James Clerk Maxwell Medal and Prize
James_Clerk_Maxwell_Medal_and_Prize
Chinese American physicist
monograph by Springer Publishing. She and co-workers proposed a novel exciton-polariton light-emitting diode. After receiving her PhD degree from Stanford
Hui_Cao
Subset of language
particles, such as a quark. Another group of physics terminology terms, exciton, magnon, phonon, plasmon, phason, polaron, roton etc., refers to quasiparticles –
Scientific_terminology
Electromagnetic waves that travel along an interface
dielectric medium. Other applications are photonic data storage, light generation, and bio-photonics. SPPs can be excited by both electrons and photons
Surface_plasmon_polariton
Physics phenomenon
confine and mix photons, photons emitted from decay cascade of the bi-exciton in a quantum dot, or the use of the Hong–Ou–Mandel effect. Quantum entanglement
Quantum_entanglement
Elementary particle with negative charge
accelerators that generate synchrotron radiation. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family, elementary particles that do not feel the
Electron
Type of quark
Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa predicted the existence of a third generation of quarks to explain observed CP violations in kaon decay. They did not
Top_quark
Bosonic superpartner of a fermion
arXiv:hep-ph/9709356. doi:10.1142/9789812839657_0001. ISBN 978-981-02-3553-6. S2CID 118973381.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Sfermion
Hexagonal lattice made of carbon atoms
Barlas, Yafis; Côté, R.; Lambert, J.; MacDonald, A. H. (2010). "Anomalous Exciton Condensation in Graphene Bilayers". Physical Review Letters. 104 (9) 96802
Graphene
Information storage technology
possibility of studying quantum effects and collective excitations such as excitons, phonons, and polarizabilities at an atomic and sub femtosecond scale.
Electronic_quantum_holography
Biological process to convert light into chemical energy
a chromophore, it is converted into a quasiparticle referred to as an exciton, which jumps from chromophore to chromophore towards the reaction center
Photosynthesis
Surface coated by antimicrobials to inhibit microbial growth
band-gap resulting in the formation of electron-hole pairs (excitons) and the secondary generation of radical species through reaction with adsorbates at the
Antimicrobial_surface
film. In aligned CNT film, the transport distance is shortened, and the exciton quenching rate is also reduced. Additionally aligned nanotube film has
Carbon nanotubes in photovoltaics
Carbon_nanotubes_in_photovoltaics
Belgian mathematician
A, Snaith HJ. Recombination kinetics in organic-inorganic perovskites: excitons, free charge, and subgap states. Physical Review Applied. 2014 Sep 11;2(3):034007
Alain_Goriely
Photoluminescent particles
(2020-11-26). "Lanthanide-doped inorganic nanoparticles turn molecular triplet excitons bright". Nature. 587 (7835): 594–599. Bibcode:2020Natur.587..594H. doi:10
Upconverting_nanoparticles
Technologies for targeted drug delivery
surface chemistry. Their diameters (2 - 10 nm) are on the order of the exciton Bohr radius, resulting in quantum confinement effects analogous to the
Nanoparticle_drug_delivery
Optical technique for characterizing thin films
region and electronic properties, for instance, band-to-band transitions or excitons. When measuring thickness, lower wavelength ranges are utilized for thinner
Ellipsometry
Mathematical description of quantum state
crystallite whose radius is smaller than the size of its exciton Bohr radius, the excitons are squeezed, leading to quantum confinement. The energy levels
Wave_function
American chemist (1932–2024)
Following this work he helped to develop the theory of electronic excitations (excitons) in molecular crystals and liquids, eventually moving into the area of
Stuart_A._Rice
Category of chemical elements
Sakamoto H, Kanzaki H, Akahama Y, Endo S, Terada S & Narita S 1984, "Core-exciton induced resonant photoemission in the covalent semiconductor black phosphorus"
Nonmetal
Quasiparticle of mechanical vibrations
shown that phonon flow is responsible for nanoscale electrical current generation when a liquid is flowing above a graphene surface. Physics portal Acoustics
Phonon
Branch of physics
University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-505329-6. Kragh, Helge (2002). Quantum Generations: A History of Physics in the Twentieth Century (Reprint ed.). Princeton
Condensed_matter_physics
internet. 5 August – Research from Brown University discovered fractional excitons in bilayer graphene under the fractional quantum Hall effect, expanding
Timeline of quantum computing and communication
Timeline_of_quantum_computing_and_communication
Spectroscopic technique
Sergei; Kilina, Svetlana; Doorn, Stephen K. (2007-01-19). "Determination of Exciton-Phonon Coupling Elements in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Raman Overtone
Raman_spectroscopy
Mathematics of a particle physics model
the following fields. These describe one generation of leptons and quarks, and there are three generations, so there are three copies of each fermionic
Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model
Mathematical_formulation_of_the_Standard_Model
Physicist and engineer
2025-09-03. Kahen, K. B.; Leburton, J. P. (1986-09-22). "Exciton effects in the index of refraction of multiple quantum wells and superlattices". Applied Physics
Jean-Pierre_Leburton
Nanoclusters
Rongchao (2022). "Atomically Precise Au42 Nanorods with Longitudinal Excitons for an Intense Photothermal Effect". Journal of the American Chemical Society
Monolayer-protected cluster molecules
Monolayer-protected_cluster_molecules
Component of an atomic nucleus
together into protons and neutrons (and all the other hadrons). However, when multiple nucleons are assembled into an atomic nucleus (nuclide), these fundamental
Nucleon
Crystalline materials consisting of a single layer of atoms
gap and shows strong photoluminescence in UV regime due to tightly bound excitons. It also exhibits excellent in-plane thermal conductivity and outsanding
Single-layer_materials
Allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure
JD, Doyle CD, Tour JM, Weisman RB (8 June 2007). "Stepwise Quenching of Exciton Fluorescence in Carbon Nanotubes by Single-Molecule Reactions". Science
Carbon_nanotube
Number of available physical states per energy unit
Field-Driven Disruption of a Native beta-Sheet Protein Conformation and Generation of a Helix-Structure". Biophysical Journal. 99 (2): 595–599. Bibcode:2010BpJ
Density_of_states
Type of atomic force microscopy
probability that an electron is able to travel distances on the order of exciton diffusion length within the applied electric field. Many of the organic
Photoconductive atomic force microscopy
Photoconductive_atomic_force_microscopy
Subfield of condensed matter physics
Jongejan, Mahthild G. M.; Pijper, Dirk; Feringa, Ben L. (2010). "Spontaneous generation and patterning of chiral polymeric surface toroids". Chemical Science
Soft_matter
Hypothetical particle that interacts only via gravity
anomalies, which must be exactly 3: the number of charged leptons and quark generations. The search for sterile neutrinos is an active area of particle physics
Sterile_neutrino
Italian physicist (born 1976)
D.; Crochet, J.; Hertel, T.; Lanzani, G. (2009). "Size and mobility of excitons in (6, 5) carbon nanotubes". Nature Physics. 5 (1): 54–58. Bibcode:2009NatPh
Dario_Polli
Symmetry between bosons and fermions
exists a partner particle with different spin properties. There have been multiple experiments on supersymmetry that have failed to provide evidence that
Supersymmetry
German physicist (born 1972)
and received his Ph.D. there in 2001 on the energy level statistics of excitons in semiconductors. During postdoctoral stays at the Research Center Karlsruhe
Georg_von_Freymann
polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) report a way to control properties of excitons and change the polarisation of light they generate, which could lead to
2019_in_science
Chemical compound
aggregation leading to a red-shifted fluorescence, reduced intensity, exciton migration and relaxation through excimers. Researchers have attempted to
Polyfluorene
Sub-discipline of chemistry
behind an electron hole (h+); the resulting electron-hole pair is called an exciton. The excited electron and hole can reduce and oxidize, respectively, species
Photogeochemistry
MULTIPLE EXCITON-GENERATION
MULTIPLE EXCITON-GENERATION
Girl/Female
Hindu
Exciting
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Excited
Male
Native American
Native American Omaha name EDITON means "standing as a sacred object."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Multiple lights. Luster.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Exciting
Boy/Male
Australian, Vietnamese
Many; Multiple
Boy/Male
Hindu
Exciting
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Multiple
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Excited
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Un Countable; Multiple; Countless
Boy/Male
Hebrew
God will multiply.
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Telugu
Exciting
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit
Excited
Boy/Male
Hebrew American Latin
God will multiply.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Exciting
Boy/Male
Hebrew
God shall multiply.
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
King Richard The Second' Sir Pierce of Exton.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Exciting
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Exciting
Boy/Male
Tamil
Exciting
MULTIPLE EXCITON-GENERATION
MULTIPLE EXCITON-GENERATION
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Coming; Next; Following
Girl/Female
Tamil
Chavishka | சாவீஷà¯à®•à®¾Â
Water, Sky
Boy/Male
Indian
Silence; Pure; Pure: Lord Subramanya Swamy
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi
The Abode of Hari
Female
Egyptian
, the daughter of Mert-hapi.
Boy/Male
Biblical
All.
Boy/Male
German, Hebrew
Gift from God
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess Parvati
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Star Name
Girl/Female
Indian, Kannada
Joyful; Beautiful
MULTIPLE EXCITON-GENERATION
MULTIPLE EXCITON-GENERATION
MULTIPLE EXCITON-GENERATION
MULTIPLE EXCITON-GENERATION
MULTIPLE EXCITON-GENERATION
n.
One who, or that which, excites.
v. t.
To add (any given number or quantity) to itself a certain number of times; to find the product of by multiplication; thus 7 multiplied by 8 produces the number 56; to multiply two numbers. See the Note under Multiplication.
n.
The number by which another number is multiplied; a multiplier.
v. t.
To call to activity in any way; to rouse to feeling; to kindle to passionate emotion; to stir up to combined or general activity; as, to excite a person, the spirits, the passions; to excite a mutiny or insurrection; to excite heat by friction.
a.
Calling or rousing into action; producing excitement; as, exciting events; an exciting story.
n.
That which excites; an excitant.
a.
Tending to excite; exciting.
a.
Having power to awaken or excite; exciting.
a.
Manifold; multiple.
imp. & p. p.
of Multiply
a.
Having many flues; as, a multiflue boiler. See Boiler.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Multiply
n.
One who, or that which, multiplies or increases number.
n.
Motion excited by reflex nerves. See Excito-motory.
a.
Excito-motory; as, excito-motor power or causes.
a
Exciting nutrition; said of the reflex influence by which the nutritional processes are either excited or modified.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Excite
a.
Exciting secretion; -- said of the influence exerted by reflex action on the function of secretion, by which the various glands are excited to action.
imp. & p. p.
of Excite
n.
The number by which another number is multiplied. See the Note under Multiplication.