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c. 1000 CE Rus' palimpsest in Slavonic
The Novgorod Codex (Russian: Новгородский кодекс, romanized: Novgorodskij kodeks) or the Novgorod Psalter (Новгородская псалтирь, Novgorodskaja psaltir')
Novgorod_Codex
Russian linguist (1935–2017)
in Old Russian Enclitics (2008). In 2000, the 11th-century book the Novgorod Codex was found during an expedition. It had multiple barely visible texts
Andrey_Zaliznyak
City in Novgorod Oblast, Russia
the death of Novgorod's elder Gostomysl, while the copy of the Primary Chronicle found in the Laurentian Codex first mentions Novgorod under the year
Veliky_Novgorod
Russian city-state (1136–1478)
The Novgorod Republic (Russian: Новгородская республика, romanized: Novgorodskaya respublika), formally known as Lord Novgorod the Great, was a city-state
Novgorod_Republic
Oldest dated book of Kievan Rus'
the oldest dated Russian manuscript. Archaeologists have dated the Novgorod Codex, a wax writing tablet with excerpts from the Psalms, discovered in 2000
Ostromir_Gospels
City in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia
Nizhny Novgorod, colloquially shortened to Nizhny and from 1932 to 1990 known as Gorky, is the administrative centre and largest city of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny_Novgorod
Old Russian dialect
word. North Slavic languages Novgorod Codex Old Pskov dialect Onfim "A HISTORY OF THE PRONOMINAL DECLENSION IN THE NOVGOROD DIALECT OF OLD RUSSIAN FROM
Old_Novgorod_dialect
Topics referred to by the same term
the controversial criminal case Novgorod Codex, the oldest book of Kievan Rus' 3799 Novgorod, a minor planet Old Novgorod dialect Novgorodsky (disambiguation)
Novgorod_(disambiguation)
Rus' literary work
The Novgorod First Chronicle (Russian: Новгородская первая летопись, romanized: Novgoródskaya pérvaya létopisʹ, IPA: [nəvɡɐˈrot͡skəjə ˈpʲervəjə ˈlʲetəpʲɪsʲ]
Novgorod_First_Chronicle
Reused manuscript with visible prior text
the 5th century, British Museum. The only known hyper-palimpsest: the Novgorod Codex, where potentially hundreds of texts have left their traces on the wooden
Palimpsest
Varangian chieftain of the Rus'
Laurentian Codex of 1377, which contains the oldest surviving version of the Primary Chronicle, states that Rurik first settled in Novgorod ("newtown")
Rurik
List of pre-modern handwritten books
Codex Boxer Codex Codex Bezae Codex Boernerianus Codex Borbonicus Aztec codices#Boturini Codex Carmina Burana Codex Cairensis Codex Calixtinus Codex Chimalpahin
List_of_codices
10th-century Bulgarian neo-Gnostic sect
Crusade Constantine Chrysomalus Euchites Hypsistarians Nada Miletić Novgorod Codex Restorationism Synod of Tarnovo (1211) Peters, Edward (1980). Heresy
Bogomilism
Prince of Novgorod from 1036 to 1052
Old Norse: Valdamarr Jarizleifsson; 1020 – 4 October 1052) was Prince of Novgorod from 1036 until his death in 1052. He was the eldest son of Yaroslav I
Vladimir_of_Novgorod
Slavic language used in the 7th–14th centuries
different variations evolved of the Russian language in the regions of Novgorod, Moscow, South Russia and meanwhile the Ukrainian language was also formed
Old_East_Slavic
Rostislavich Khrabry), was Prince of Smolensk (r. 1175–1177) and Prince of Novgorod (r. 1179–1180). Mstislav was the fourth of five sons (and the eighth of
Mstislav Rostislavich of Smolensk
Mstislav_Rostislavich_of_Smolensk
Christian sect formed in 7th century Armenia
Bulgarian dialect Bogomilism Edmund Hamer Broadbent - The Pilgrim Church Novgorod Codex Paulician dialect Pavlikeni Restorationism Roman Catholicism in Bulgaria
Paulicianism
12th and 13th-century family of Rurik dynasty
Principality of Novgorod-Seversk (r. 1097–1115). He was the grandson of Yaroslav the Wise; ruling dynasty in the Chernigov principality, Novgorod-Seversky principality
Olgovichi
Gennadius (Gennady, Russian: Геннадий; died 4 December 1505) was Archbishop of Novgorod the Great and Pskov from 1484 to 1504. He was most instrumental in fighting
Gennady_of_Novgorod
has survived to this day is the Novgorod Codex or Novgorod Psalter written c. 1000, unearthed in 2000 at Veliky Novgorod, containing four wooden tablet
Russian_literature
Manuscript
the codex: "i. The book of the servant of the Ipatiev Monastery Tikhon Mizhuev. ii. The book of the monk of the Ipatiev Monastery Tarasij." Novgorod First
Hypatian_Codex
Inscription consisting of the letters of an alphabet
Folio 1 of the Codex Gigas, showing Hebrew, Greek, Latin, Glagolitic, and Early Cyrillic abecedaria
Abecedarium
1242 battle of the Northern Crusades on the frozen Lake Peipus
fought on the frozen Lake Peipus when the united forces of the Republic of Novgorod and Vladimir-Suzdal (also referred to by the proper noun as simply Vladimir)
Battle_on_the_Ice
Laurentian Codex Legal Code of Pskov Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans Novgorod Codex Novgorod First Chronicle Ostromir Gospel Peresopnytsia Gospels Primary Chronicle
List of Belarus-related topics
List_of_Belarus-related_topics
Viking ring fortress; Trelleborg 988–1030 (999–1036+) (1036 dated) Novgorod Codex ~1042 and 11th century See Skuldelev ships; Skuldelev 2 dated to 1042
Timeline of dendrochronology timestamp events
Timeline_of_dendrochronology_timestamp_events
c. 880–1240 East Slavic state in Europe
Varangian prince Oleg the Wise (r. 879–912). He extended his control from Novgorod south along the Dnieper river valley to protect trade from Khazar incursions
Kievan_Rus'
1377 collection of chronicles
The Laurentian Codex or Laurentian Letopis (Russian: Лаврентьевский список, Лаврентьевская летопись) is a collection of chronicles that includes the oldest
Laurentian_Codex
Grand Prince of Kiev (r. 1236–1239; 1241–1243)
was also Prince of Pereyaslavl (1206), Novgorod-Seversk (1219–1226), Chernigov (1223–1235; 1242–1246), Novgorod (1225–1226; 1229–1230), and Galicia (1235–1236)
Michael_of_Chernigov
Type of medieval Slavic literature
preserved as part of the Laurentian Codex. In 1118, its third edition was written by an unknown author on behalf of Novgorod knyaz Mstislav I of Kiev. It was
Rus'_chronicles
1169 siege
the Iziaslavichi of Volhynia (senior Mstislavichi; in control of Kiev, Novgorod, Volynia and Halych) on the one hand, and the Rostislavichi of Smolensk
Sack_of_Kiev_(1169)
City in Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine
Новгород-Сіверський, IPA: [ˈnɔu̯ɦorod ˈs⁽ʲ⁾iwersʲkɪj] ; Russian: Новгород-Северский, Novgorod-Severskiy), is a historic city in Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. It
Novhorod-Siverskyi
illuminated Russian manuscript codex of the Psalter in Old Church Slavonic, probably produced in the late 14th century in Novgorod. It is named after Tsar Ivan
Psalter_of_Ivan_the_Terrible
12th-century chronicle of Kievan Rus'
scholars who count only "five main witnesses") The Laurentian Codex was compiled in Nizhny Novgorod-Suzdal by the Nizhegorodian monk Laurentius for the Prince
Primary_Chronicle
Prince of Chernigov
Sviatoslav Olgovich (died February 14, 1164) was Prince of Novgorod (1136–1138); Novgorod-Seversk (1139); Belgorod (1141–1154); and Chernigov (1154–1164)
Sviatoslav_Olgovich
Prince of Moscow (1261–1303)
Gorodets — struggle for the right to govern Vladimir-Suzdal and Nizhny Novgorod, respectively. The Mongol warlords Nogai Khan and Tokhta grew in power
Daniel_of_Moscow
Chronicle of Kievan Rus'
known from two manuscripts: a copy in the Hypatian Codex (c. 1425), and a copy in the Khlebnikov Codex (c. 1560s); in both codices, it is sandwiched between
Kievan_Chronicle
Office and other central agencies. The "Novgorod occupation archives" (Swedish: Ockupationsarkivet från Novgorod) is the name used since the 1960s for a
National_Archives_of_Sweden
13th-century manuscript about the Livonian Crusade
society where merchants from the Hanseatic League encountered merchants of Novgorod, and where the Christian Teutonic, Scandinavian, and Slavic trade, culture
Livonian_Chronicle_of_Henry
Consonant in the Cyrillic alphabet, written as Н
Bulgaria, 10th century Birch-bark letter no. 109, c. 12th century, Veliky Novgorod En, from Karion Istomin's 1694 alphabet book The letter И like an H can
En_(Cyrillic)
Analysis of Primary Chronicle textual witnesses
prepared the publication of the Laurentian Codex for the first edition of the PSRL of 1846, whereby he divided the Codex text into "Nestor Chronicle" (up to
Textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle
Textual_criticism_of_the_Primary_Chronicle
Subgroup of the Volga Tatars
Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Ryazan, Penza, Ulyanovsk, Orenburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara regions of Russia. Many have since relocated to Moscow. Mishars
Mishar_Tatars
Prince of Galicia and Volhynia (1152–1205)
April 1152 – 19 June 1205), also known as Roman the Great, was Prince of Novgorod (1168–1170), Volhynia (1170–1189; 1189–1205), and Galicia (1189; 1198/99–1205)
Roman_the_Great
Mongol siege of a Rus' city
Galician–Volhynian Chronicle (GVC, as transmitted in the Hypatian Codex, Khlebnikov Codex, and other manuscripts). This account 'gives the fullest and the
Siege_of_Kiev_(1240)
14th-century Rus' chronicle from Vladimir-Suzdal, covering 1111 to 1305
of which are very similar in four surviving manuscripts: the Laurentian Codex, the Radziwiłł Chronicle, the Academic Chronicle, and the Chronicler of
Suzdalian_Chronicle
Prince of Minsk (c. 1090 – 1176)
translation of the Kievan Chronicle based on the Hypatian Codex with comments from the Khlebnikov Codex. Garcia de la Puente, Inés (2012). "Gleb of Minsk's
Volodar Glebovich, Prince of Minsk
Volodar_Glebovich,_Prince_of_Minsk
History of Kyiv 1240–1363
first redaction of the vita of Michael of Chernigov (as preserved in the Novgorod First Chronicle). When Yaroslav II died in 1246, the khan confirmed the
Kiev in the Golden Horde period
Kiev_in_the_Golden_Horde_period
Ongoing publications of medieval texts
also Hustyn Chronicle) Volume 3. Novgorod First Chronicle. Saint Petersburg, 1841 Volume 4. Chronicles of Novgorod and Pskov. Saint Petersburg, 1848
Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles
Complete_Collection_of_Russian_Chronicles
Country in Northern Europe
(Pärnu), and Fellin (Viljandi). Reval acted as a trade intermediary between Novgorod and western Hanseatic cities, while Dorpat filled the same role with Pskov
Estonia
Herald and announcer in Kievan Rus'
the announcement. The biritch is mainly known from later sources, and in Novgorod, he played a prominent role and is mentioned as a judicial officer. The
Biritch
Noble lineage and rulers of Kievan Rus'
was founded by the Varangian prince Rurik, who established himself at Novgorod in 862. Following the disintegration of Kievan Rus', the house split into
Rurikids
Novel in verse by Alexander Pushkin
an audiobook of the novel in the translation by James E. Falen. "Nizhny Novgorod Regional Government || Bolshoe Boldino". Archived from the original on
Eugene_Onegin
Russian writer, poet and painter (1814–1841)
The poet was transferred to the Grodno cavalry regiment based at Nizhny Novgorod. His voyage back was a prolonged one, he made a point of staying wherever
Mikhail_Lermontov
Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1157 to 1174
other parts of Kievan Rus' were barely successful either; his Siege of Novgorod (1170) was a failure, and the Suzdalians were defeated. Although he managed
Andrey_Bogolyubsky
1173 conflict in the Kievan succession crisis
The coalition army, consisting of Yurievichi princes of Suzdalia, the Novgorod Republic, Olgovichi of Chernigov (modern Chernihiv) and various princes
Battle_of_Vyshgorod
Erzya prince, ruler of the Erzya country in the 1200s
defeated the Mokshan prince Puresh. In April 1229, he tried to regain Nizhny Novgorod from the hands of the Russians, which was formerly the Erzyan settlement
Purgaz
Prince of Polotsk (r. 1044–1101) and Kiev (r. 1068–1069)
Lavrentevskaia letopis (PSRL 1), 171–2. The Novgorod First Chronicle as well as the Laurentian Codex and Hypatian Codex mention his death, but not the place
Vseslav_of_Polotsk
Former settlement and historic area on the lower Dnieper
The city under Kievan Rus' is last mentioned sub anno 6732 (1224) in the Novgorod First Chronicle, during its narration of the Battle of Oleshia and the
Oleshia
Continuation of the Roman Empire (330–1453)
interior were imitated as far north as the Cathedral of Saint Sophia in Novgorod and the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev. The Hagia Sophia's creators, the
Byzantine_Empire
Golden Horde military campaign against Galicia–Volhynia in 1252–1258
Galician–Volhynian Chronicle (GVC; as preserved in the Hypatian Codex and Khlebnikov Codex). Phrases combining the Church Slavonic word рать with the name
Kuremsa_War
Earliest known Norse rulers of Kiev
mentioned in both the Primary Chronicle and the Younger Redaction of the Novgorod First Chronicle, are the earliest recorded Varangian rulers of Kiev (modern
Askold_and_Dir
German-language chronicle about Livonia
1242 Battle on the Ice against the Novgorod Republic led by Aleksandr Nevsky: There is a city in Russia called Novgorod, and when its king [Alexandre] heard
Livonian_Rhymed_Chronicle
wars and battles involving Galicia–Volhynia List of wars involving the Novgorod Republic List of wars involving the Principality of Moscow List of wars
List of wars involving Kievan Rus'
List_of_wars_involving_Kievan_Rus'
Slavic state in present day Belarus (1101-1326)
translation of the Kievan Chronicle based on the Hypatian Codex with comments from the Khlebnikov Codex. Fennell, J. (2014). The Crisis of Medieval Russia 1200-1304
Principality_of_Minsk
Title of the ruler of Kievan Rus' (10th–13th centuries)
just a knyaz by the Novgorod First Chronicle and the Laurentian and Hypatian Codices. There is one exception: the Hypatian Codex writes Volodimir knyaz
Grand_Prince_of_Kiev
16th-century Russian set of household rules
of the Domostroy to the 15th century Novgorod Republic, where it could have been used as a kind of moral codex for the wealthy. As such, it has some
Domostroy
Differences in Primary Chronicle manuscripts
Chronicle and the Testament of Vladimir Monomakh in the Laurentian Codex, and the Novgorod First Chronicle. 1111 campaign against the Polovtsi Lav (Suzdalian
Textual variants in the Primary Chronicle
Textual_variants_in_the_Primary_Chronicle
Old monastery in the Moscow Kremlin
Slavinetsky and Karion Istomin. Gennady, who as Archbishop of Novgorod, patronized the first complete codex of the Bible in Slavic in 1499, was hegumen of the monastery
Chudov_Monastery
860s to restore order in three towns – either Novgorod (most texts) or Staraya Ladoga (Hypatian Codex); Beloozero; and Izborsk (most texts) or "Slovensk"
History_of_Russia
Margrave of Brandenburg
of Brandenburg-Stendal Margrave Otto IV of Brandenburg, depicted in the Codex Manesse (c. 1300) Born c. 1238 Died 27 November 1308 or 1309 Noble family
Otto IV of Brandenburg-Stendal
Otto_IV_of_Brandenburg-Stendal
Rus' people origin legend
the Laurentian (Lav.), Hypatian (Ipat.), and Radziwiłł (Rad.)) and the Novgorod First Chronicle (NPL), as well as later textual witnesses such as the Sofia
Calling_of_the_Varangians
Mordvin principality in 13th-century Russia
a result of this colonisation, the city of Nizhny Novgorod was established. Per the Laurentian Codex, Mordvins were taken as slaves. Further campaigns
Principality_of_Purgaz
Day in the Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar
Wonderworker of All Russia (1392) Saint Pimen (Cherny), archbishop of Novgorod (1571) Saint Dosithea the Recluse, of the Kiev Caves (1776) Saint Nicholas
September 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
September_25_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)
11th-14th century European wars in the Baltic region
Republic of Novgorod from the 11th or 12th century to the early 14th century. The terms used in Russian chronicles to refer to Novgorod's enemy, the Yem'
Finnish–Novgorodian_wars
throughout Eurasia. Many of these slaves were shipped to the slave market in Novgorod. Slave commerce during the Late Middle Ages was mainly in the hands of
History_of_slavery
Grand Princess consort of Kiev
addition, Roman is named jątrew (wife's brother) of Leszek in the Hypatian Codex. Therefore, if Mstislav was to marry any of Bolesław III's daughters, the
Agnes_of_Poland
(Chernihiv), Drutsk, Halych (Galicia), Jersika, Koknese, Murom, the Novgorod Republic, Novgorod-Seversk (Novhorod-Siversk), Peremyshl (Przemyśl), Pereyaslavl
List of wars involving Ukraine
List_of_wars_involving_Ukraine
Princess of Polotsk (c. 960–c. 1000)
Vladimir in revenge. Around the year 980, Vladimir, then the prince of Novgorod, was entangled in a war of succession with his brother Yaropolk, the prince
Rogneda_of_Polotsk
13th-century Mongol military campaign in Europe
the form of tribute – as in the case of Galicia–Volhynia, Polotsk and Novgorod – if not outright vassalage, of the Golden Horde, until well into the 14th
Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
Mongol_invasion_of_Kievan_Rus'
Day to promote women's rights worldwide
Syktyvkar, Smolensk, Luga, Lytkarino, Izhevsk, Volgograd, Irkutsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Ufa, Omsk, Mytishchi, Gelendzhik, Perm, Kazan, Zelenograd, Balashov, Saratov
International_Women's_Day
Turkic nomadic people
to Qun." In the Hypatian Codex, a certain individual is called Kuman, while in the parallel account of the Laurentian Codex he is called Kun ("Polovčinu
Cumans
Kingdom in Eastern Europe (1199–1349)
parts in Belarus, Poland, Romania, Moldova, and Lithuania. Along with Novgorod and Vladimir-Suzdal, it was one of the three most important powers to emerge
Kingdom_of_Galicia–Volhynia
p. 39. Włodarski 1927, p. 50. Włodarski 1927, p. 88. Galician-Volhynian Codex. Years 1245-1260. Dnipro. 1989. ISBN 5-308-00052-2. Meanwhile, Daniel and
List of armed conflicts between Poland and Ukraine
List_of_armed_conflicts_between_Poland_and_Ukraine
Apostle of Jesus
with many churches. Then, "he came to the [land of the] Slovenians where Novgorod now [stands]" and observed the locals, before eventually arriving in Rome
Andrew_the_Apostle
Legendary founders of Kyiv
Khlebnikov Codex writes а мы сѣдим д рѡд их, "and we, their clan/descendants, live [here]". The other manuscripts including the Laurentian Codex omit these
Kyi,_Shchek_and_Khoryv
Dutch statesman (1641–1717)
Jacob Boreel. By boat, they went to Riga, then Swedish, and overland to Novgorod and Moscow. There he met with Andrew Vinius, who became his life long friend
Nicolaes_Witsen
American archaeologist and anthropologist (1857–1933)
manuscripts of this type in private collections, one of them being the Codex Zouche-Nuttall. She decoded the Aztec calendar stone and was one of the
Zelia_Nuttall
Manuscript or document written in the author's handwriting
example, the Novgorodsko-Sofiysky Svod is the hypothetical protograph of the Novgorod Fourth Chronicle (NPL) and Sofia First Chronicle, both of which are extant
Autograph_(manuscript)
Ukrainian history website
Ruthenians Hypatian Codex, containing the Primary Chronicle, Kyivan Chronicle and Galician–Volhynian Chronicle Laurentian Codex, containing the Primary
Izbornyk
translation of the Kievan Chronicle based on the Hypatian Codex with comments from the Khlebnikov Codex. Garcia de la Puente, Inés (2012). "Gleb of Minsk's
Princess Yaropolkovna of Minsk
Princess_Yaropolkovna_of_Minsk
Saint Catherine's Monastery (see Codex Sinaiticus) and later sold to the British by the Soviets in 1933. Parts of the codex are still considered stolen by
History of the Eastern Orthodox Church
History_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church
Blue Horde commander Mamai to the eastern Russian principality of Nizhny Novgorod in 1374 to undermine the influence of the prince of Moscow in the latter's
Sary-Aka's_embassy
or shawm, cymbals, rota. Skylitzes Manuscript, Madrid, National Library, codex vitr. 26-2, page 173 (folio 78r). 13th century, Russia. King David (center)
List of European medieval musical instruments
List_of_European_medieval_musical_instruments
Akulova found the first of a series of birch bark writings in the Old Novgorod dialect from the 11th to 15th centuries. The writings are letters in the
Evolution_of_languages
Conflicts involving Finnish tribes
Chronicle, the Nikon Chronicle and in the Laurentian Codex. Finnic groups and the Republic of Novgorod waged a series of wars between the 11th and 14th centuries
Early_Finnish_wars
Break of communion between the Western and Eastern churches
(1240) to conquer the Eastern Orthodox Russian Republics of Pskov and Novgorod, an enterprise somewhat endorsed by Pope Gregory IX (r. 1227–1241). One
East–West_Schism
Town in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia
originally given the title as it was the center of a principality; the Hypatian Codex refers to it as Rostov Veliky in 1151 when describing events. However, it
Rostov_Veliky
First royal family of Lithuania
Slavic and Livonian chronicles, most important of these being the Hypatian Codex. Mindaugas and his brother Dausprungas are first mentioned among the 5 elder
House_of_Mindaugas
Fundamental principles that govern a state
reorganized into a single code until the Codex Theodosianus (438 AD); later, in the Eastern Empire, the Codex repetitæ prælectionis (534) was highly influential
Constitution
child saint[citation needed] Gennadius of Novgorod, compiler of the first[citation needed] complete codex of the Bible in Slavic, the Gennady Bible German
List of saints in the Russian Orthodox Church
List_of_saints_in_the_Russian_Orthodox_Church
Byzantine emperor in 1204
Russian Account of the Fourth Crusade - A New Annotated Translation". (Novgorod Chronicle) Hendrickx and Matzukis, pp. 120–122 Choniates, pp.311–312 Giarenis
Alexios_V_Doukas
travel, tourism, insurance
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