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See searches and references containing OPERATING TEMPERATURE!OPERATING TEMPERATURE
Temperature range in which the equipment is expected to function reliably
An operating temperature is the allowable temperature range of the local ambient environment at which an electrical or mechanical device operates. The
Operating_temperature
Type of nuclear reactor that operates at high temperatures as part of normal operation
currently operates HTR-PM, a 250 MW HTGR power plant with two pebble-bed HTGRs, in Shandong province, China. The high operating temperatures of HTGR reactors
High-temperature gas-cooled reactor
High-temperature_gas-cooled_reactor
Physical quantity of hot and cold
In classical thermodynamics and kinetic theory, temperature reflects the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system, providing a quantitative
Temperature
Typical temperature range found in humans
sensors Temperature control (thermoregulation) is a homeostatic mechanism that keeps the organism at optimum operating temperature, as the temperature affects
Human_body_temperature
Reliability test applied to integrated circuits
High-temperature operating life (HTOL) is a reliability test applied to integrated circuits (ICs) to determine their intrinsic reliability. This test
High-temperature operating life
High-temperature_operating_life
Condition in diesel engines
running or other causes that prevent the engine from reaching proper operating temperature can cause a buildup of fuel due to incomplete burn that can result
Wet_stacking
Type of nuclear reactor cooled by molten salt
these tasks at operating temperatures up to about 700 °C. However, operating experience is limited. Still higher operating temperatures are desirable—at
Molten-salt_reactor
Material which exhibits superconductivity above 0 °C
capable of displaying superconductivity above 0 °C (273 K; 32 °F), operating temperatures which are commonly encountered in everyday settings. As of 2023[update]
Room-temperature superconductor
Room-temperature_superconductor
Fuel cell that produces electricity by oxidization
and relatively low cost. The largest disadvantage is the high operating temperature, which results in longer start-up times and mechanical and chemical
Solid_oxide_fuel_cell
Lamp that disperses scented alcohol
The lamp does not operate with an open flame, making it much safer to operate than scented candles. Its lower operating temperature also means that, unlike
Fragrance_lamp
Device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity
The operating temperature range is generally 60–100 °C for Low Temperature Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (LT-PEMFC). PEM fuel cell with operating temperature
Fuel_cell
Highest operating temperature of a semiconductor
Junction temperature, short for transistor junction temperature, is the temperature of the actual semiconductor in an electronic device. In operation,
Junction_temperature
temperature (CET) is the lowest anticipated temperature to which the vessel will be subjected, taking into consideration lowest operating temperature
Minimum design metal temperature
Minimum_design_metal_temperature
First synthetic plastic
electrical applications, moderate mechanical strength, continuous operating temperature of 250 °F (121 °C). Canvas-reinforced NEMA C per MIL-I-24768 TYPE
Bakelite
Encryption device
synchronous and 9.6 kbit/s asynchronous 24 V DC, 15 W 115 V AC 220 V AC Operating temperature: 0 to 55 °C 69,000 hours (7.9 years) NSA encryption systems More
KG-84
Heating element used to aid in starting diesel engines
cases switched off when the engine has reached a defined minimum operating temperature. Diesel engines, unlike common spark-ignition engines, do not use
Glow_plug
System for classifying electrical insulation based on maximum safe operating temperature
maximum hot-spot operating temperature is reached by adding the rated ambient temperature of the machine (often 40 °C), a temperature rise, and a 10 °C
Insulation_system
1990s safety scandal involving Ford Explorer SUVs fitted with Firestone tires
the tire failures. Ford argued that the tire design led to higher operating temperatures than similar tires manufactured by Goodyear; that Firestone tires'
Firestone and Ford tire controversy
Firestone_and_Ford_tire_controversy
Starting of a vehicle engine at a low ambient temperature
to start a vehicle's engine when ambient temperatures are much lower than its normal operating temperature. A cold start can be difficult for an engine
Cold_start_(automotive)
District heating with very low temperatures
technical variant of a district heating network that operates at low transmission temperatures well below those of conventional district heating systems
Cold_district_heating
Topics referred to by the same term
(automotive), the starting of a vehicle engine at a low temperature relative to its operating temperature. Cold start (computing), a startup problem in computer
Cold_start
Heat-transfer device that employs phase transition
the operating temperature range. The operating temperature of a given heat pipe system is critically important. Below the operating temperature, the
Heat_pipe
Topics referred to by the same term
Maximum temperature may refer to: Highest temperature recorded on Earth Maximum operating temperature, the highest temperature at which a piece of equipment
Maximum_temperature
Tool for smoothing cloth using heat and pressure
wrinkles and unwanted creases. Domestic irons generally range in operating temperature from 121 °C (250 °F) to 182 °C (360 °F). It is named for the metal
Clothes_iron
Series of Soviet anti-personnel mines
weight: 550 g (1.21 lb) Pressure plate diameter: 100 mm Operating pressure: 8–25 kg Operating temperature: −40 to +50 °C Fuze: MD-9 (stab-sensitive) Two PMN-1
PMN_mine
Chemical compound
zirconium titanate exhibits greater sensitivity and has a higher operating temperature. Piezoelectric ceramics are chosen for applications because of their
Lead_zirconate_titanate
Lamp using fluorescence to produce light
bulb and higher current operating at higher pressures. As a consequence of the current, the bulb operated at a higher temperature which necessitated the
Fluorescent_lamp
Inclinometer for measuring small tilts
digitally compensated and precisely calibrated for non-linearity and operating temperature variation, resulting in higher angular accuracy and stability performance
Tiltmeter
Component that discharges water to protect buildings
indicates the maximum ceiling temperature, nominal operating temperature of the sprinkler, color of the bulb or link and the temperature classification. There
Fire_sprinkler
Type of solid-state thermo-electrochemical heat engine
Carnot limit; however, this performance level assumes an extreme operating temperature gradient of approximately 600 °C (1,112 °F). Early development proposals
Johnson thermoelectric energy converter
Johnson_thermoelectric_energy_converter
NOx reduction technique used in gasoline and diesel engines
thereby reducing peak in-cylinder temperatures. The actual amount of recirculated exhaust gas varies with the engine operating parameters. In the combustion
Exhaust_gas_recirculation
Engine part
the engine to optimum operating temperature. Heated air intake systems operate on the principle of increasing the temperature of the air. The fuel will
Heated_air_inlet
Type of transducer
combustion engine cooling thermostat maintains the temperature of the engine near its optimum operating temperature by regulating the flow of coolant to an air-cooled
Wax_thermostatic_element
Alloy with higher durability than normal metals
by the temperature difference between the hot and cold reservoirs, higher operating temperatures increase energy conversion efficiency. Operating temperatures
Superalloy
Method to measure temperature quantitatively
temperature or temperature scale is a methodology of calibrating the physical quantity temperature in metrology. Empirical scales measure temperature
Scale_of_temperature
Fast rechargeable lithium ion battery
type of rechargeable battery with a longer cycle life, a wider operating-temperature range, and greater tolerance for rapid charging and discharging
Lithium-titanate_battery
Measure of temperature relative to absolute zero
reversible engines operating between the same heat reservoirs are equally efficient. Thus, any reversible heat engine operating between temperatures T1 and T2
Thermodynamic_temperature
Trade name for a family of PTFE plastics
coefficient of friction, excellent abrasion resistance, wide range of operating temperatures, and chemical inertness. Common applications for Rulon include seals
Rulon_(plastic)
exchanges. Vacuum tubes use significant amounts of power to maintain operating temperature, and large installations had substantial air-conditioning requirements;
Fetron
Particle accelerator at CERN, Switzerland
at their operating temperature of 1.9 K (−271.25 °C), making the LHC the largest cryogenic facility in the world at liquid helium temperature. LHC uses
Large_Hadron_Collider
Solar energy technology
adaption to operating temperatures, applications, and giving priority to either heat or electricity generation. For instance, operating the PVT collector
Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector
Photovoltaic_thermal_hybrid_solar_collector
Instrument aboard the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 spacecraft
CRS was rated to operate down to a temperature of minus 49 degrees F (minus 45 degrees C). Up until 2019 the instrument was operating on both Voyager 1
Cosmic_Ray_Subsystem
energy for the temperature-induced failure (most often 0.7 eV for electronics), k is the Boltzmann constant, To is the operating temperature in kelvins,
Highly accelerated stress test
Highly_accelerated_stress_test
Temperature monitoring device for cylinder heads of an engine
thermostats controlling air doors or flaps to help the engine reach operating temperature as quickly as possible. Any failure of the cooling system will cause
Cylinder Head Temperature gauge
Cylinder_Head_Temperature_gauge
Differential equation parameter in thermal physics
A temperature coefficient describes the relative change of a physical property that is associated with a given change in temperature. For a property R
Temperature_coefficient
Type of fuel cell
cells operate at temperatures which allow high-temperature electrolysis to occur, typically between 500 and 850 °C. These operating temperatures are similar
Solid_oxide_electrolyzer_cell
Tubular section or hollow cylinder made of plastic
chemical resistance across its operating temperature range, with a broad band of operating pressures. Max operating temperature is reported at 140 °F (60 °C)
Plastic_pipework
Topics referred to by the same term
Temperature range may refer to: Atmospheric temperature An aspect of climate classification Diurnal temperature variation Operating temperature Temperature
Temperature_range
Heat exchangers used for cooling internal combustion engines
similar, operating at an ambient air temperature of 20 °C. An all-liquid design might operate between 30 °C and 90 °C, offering 60 °C of temperature difference
Radiator_(engine_cooling)
Shrinkable plastic tube used to insulate wires
tubes are intended for high temperature applications.[citation needed] Teflon (PTFE) tubes have a wide operating temperature range (−55 to 175 °C), a low
Heat-shrink_tubing
Type of battery that uses molten salts
batteries operate at temperatures between 245 and 350 °C (470 and 660 °F). Research has investigated metal combinations with operating temperatures at 200 °C
Molten-salt_battery
Process unit to control air pollution
gases, most basic oxidizers are operated at much higher temperature levels. When catalyst is used, the operating temperature range may be lower. Residence
Thermal_oxidizer
Temperature control system
set temperature. The expansion of the chamber operates a rod which opens a valve when the operating temperature is exceeded. The operating temperature is
Thermostat
Gas desulfurizing process
typically recommended operating temperature of the first catalyst stage is 315 °C to 330 °C (bottom bed temperature). The high temperature hydrolyzes COS and
Claus_process
Electrical conductivity with exactly zero resistance
gradually as its temperature is lowered, even down to near absolute zero, a superconductor has a characteristic critical temperature below which the resistance
Superconductivity
Remotely controlled weapons system
adaptations Weight (kg): 135 Height (mm): 749 Operating temperature (in °Celsius): −46 to +65 Storage temperature (in °Celsius): −51 to +71 The system also
Protector_RWS
Type of nuclear reactor
primary system temperature returning to its previous steady-state value. The operator can control the steady state operating temperature by addition of
Pressurized_water_reactor
Type of molten-salt battery
fabricated from inexpensive and low-toxicity materials. Due to the high operating temperature required (usually between 300 and 350 °C), as well as the highly
Sodium–sulfur_battery
Electric light that produces light using LEDs
watts; the color temperature in kelvins or a color description such as "warm white," "cool white," or "daylight;" the operating temperature range; whether
LED_lamp
allowing the engine to heat up faster. When the coolant heated to operating temperature, the vacuum switch closed off the port (port S), turning off the
Vacuum_switch
Type of temperature sensor (thermometer)
copper (Cu) have a repeatable resistance versus temperature relationship (R vs T) and operating temperature range. The R vs T relationship is defined as
Resistance_thermometer
Device in internal combustion engines
until they reach operating temperature. The hydraulic lifter was designed to compensate for this, allowing the valve train to operate with zero clearance
Hydraulic_tappet
Process of removing waste heat from a computer
produced by computer hardware to keep components within permissible operating temperature limits. Components that are susceptible to temporary malfunction
Computer_cooling
Type of flow battery technology
evolution reaction, thus increasing coulombic efficiency. IRFBs can operate at lower temperatures (~ 5 °C), with reduced reaction kinetics, lowering voltaic efficiency
Iron_redox_flow_battery
Manufacturing styles of an electronic device
circuit and destroys the component, the operating voltage is lower than the breakdown voltage. The operating voltage is specified such that the voltage
Capacitor_types
Nuclear reactor component
high that boiling does not occur at the coolant temperatures experienced while the plant is operating or in any analyzed possible transient state. To
Pressurizer_(nuclear_power)
Highest power input allowed to flow through electrical or mechanical equipment
related to the maximum safe operating temperature, the ambient temperature or temperature range in which the device will be operated, and the method of cooling
Power_rating
Type of resistor whose resistance varies with temperature
typical operating temperature range of a thermistor is −55 °C to +150 °C, though some glass-body thermistors have a maximal operating temperature of +300 °C
Thermistor
High-temperature fuel cells
Molten-carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) are high-temperature fuel cells that operate at temperatures of 600 °C and above. Molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs)
Molten_carbonate_fuel_cell
High-pressure mercury arc lamp
can rise to as much as 200 atmospheres when the lamp reaches its operating temperature. It was developed by Philips in 1995 for use in commercial projection
Ultra-high-performance_lamp
Superconductive behavior at temperatures much higher than absolute zero
High-temperature superconductivity (high-Tc or HTS) is superconductivity in materials with a critical temperature (the temperature below which the material
High-temperature superconductivity
High-temperature_superconductivity
Type of computer intended for industrial purposes
Additional cooling with air filtering Wider operating temperature range than normal PCs, with the widest temperature ranges being -40 to 75°C Alternative cooling
Industrial_PC
dense electrolyte sandwiched between two porous electrodes. Their operating temperature ranges from 600 °C to 900 °C, hence they benefit from enhanced kinetics
Reversible_solid_oxide_cell
State in optics
nominally set to infinity, have thermal controls. Deviations from its operating temperature are actively compensated to prevent shifts of focus. Hyperfocal
Infinity_focus
Exhaust emission control device
needed for the catalytic converter to reach its "light-off" or operating temperature. Most newer vehicles have electronic fuel injection systems, and
Catalytic_converter
leakage with 50 psi (340 kPa) (or less if operating pressure is less) of air pressure at the operating temperature Class III valves have no more than 0.1%
Valve_leakage
Wax-based linear actuator device
inside the motor, one can be selected to match the range of ambient operating temperatures in a given application. In this way the wax can be melted and solidified
Wax_motor
Process of keeping all parts of a spacecraft within acceptable temperature ranges
batteries, etc., have a fixed operating temperature range. Keeping these instruments in their optimal operational temperature range is crucial for every
Spacecraft_thermal_control
Type of electrode and part of cold cathode fluorescent lamp
A cold cathode does not necessarily operate at a low temperature: it is often heated to its operating temperature by other methods, such as the current
Cold_cathode
contacts with rigid or float mounting, designed for −55 °C to +125 °C operating temperature range. Also called D-subminiature or D-sub connectors, they are
U.S. Military connector specifications
U.S._Military_connector_specifications
Power generation technology
not be electrically conductive so the half reactions do not mix. Operating temperatures above 100 °C are desired [citation needed] so the water byproduct
Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell
Proton-exchange_membrane_fuel_cell
Disposable recoilless gun
auto-destruction: 3 - 6 seconds Muzzle velocity: 189 metres per second Operating temperature: −40 to +50 °C Ammunition: projectile with HEAT warhead Algeria
RPG-75
Chemical which reduces air pollution from diesel engines
there is more than one), current ammonia filling level, engine operating temperature and speed.[citation needed] DEF is a 32.5% solution of urea, (NH
Diesel_exhaust_fluid
Energy storage technique
the superconducting state of the coil by cooling the coil to the operating temperature. Power conditioning system The power conditioning system typically
Superconducting magnetic energy storage
Superconducting_magnetic_energy_storage
the operating temperature of the PEM fuel cell to below 100 °C. In contrast, the flexibility of the solid acid is such that the fuel cell can operate at
Solid_acid_fuel_cell
Temperature point in liquids
the tendency of the oil to plug filters or small orifices at cold operating temperatures. An everyday example of cloud point can be seen in olive oil stored
Cloud_point
US military handheld intra-squad tactical radio
connection to an End User Device via USB or RS-232 Operating temperature: -40 to +55 °C Storage temperature: -51 to +71 °C Immersion: 2 m FY15 ARMY PROGRAMS:
AN/PRC-154
Anti-personnel mine
sides: up to 50 m (the bracket may project 300–400 m to the rear) Operating temperature: −50 to +50 °C MON-50 MON-90 MON-100 "Soviet MON-200 Anti-Personnel
MON-200
Technique for producing hydrogen from water
salts or hydroxides. Unlike electrolysis at room temperature, HTE operates at elevated temperature ranges depending on the thermal capacity of the material
High-temperature_electrolysis
Lubricant used for internal combustion engines
from being exposed to oxygen, inhibiting oxidation at elevated operating temperatures preventing rust or corrosion. Corrosion inhibitors may also be added
Motor_oil
Family of polymers
stress. PFA offers high melt strength, stability at high processing temperatures, excellent crack and stress resistance and a low coefficient of friction
Perfluoroalkoxy_alkane
Device that generates sparks in internal combustion engines
strongly influence spark plug operating temperature because the maximal temperature and pressure occur when the engine is operating near peak torque output
Spark_plug
Semicrystalline thermoplastic with high mechanical and chemical resistance
glass transition temperature of around 143 °C (289 °F) and melts around 343 °C (662 °F). Some grades have a useful operating temperature of up to 250 °C
Polyether_ether_ketone
Monitoring system in computer drives
probabilities of failure. Conversely, little correlation was found for increased temperature and no correlation for usage level. However, the research showed that
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology
Self-Monitoring,_Analysis_and_Reporting_Technology
Monocular night vision device
25 cm to infinity Voltage required: 1.5 Volts Operating temperature: −51 °C to +49 °C Storage temperature: −51 °C to +49 °C Electronics portal AN/PVS-7
AN/PVS-14
Soviet weapon system
depth 1.1–2 m; target-sensor depth 0.1–1 m below the water surface; operating temperature 0 to +30 °C. Soviet PDM-2: steel body; target-sensor depth below
PDM (series of amphibious mines)
PDM_(series_of_amphibious_mines)
Contamination inside an internal combustion engine
when engine oil oxidizes at high temperatures. Cold sludge is formed when engines don't get up to operating temperature, for example when the vehicle is
Oil_sludge
Type of air bearing
Increased reliability Higher speed capability Quieter operation Wider operating temperature range (40–2,500 K) High vibration and shock load capacity No scheduled
Foil_bearing
Form of exhaust heat management
materials systems usually applied to metallic surfaces on parts operating at elevated temperatures, such as gas turbine combustors and turbines, and in automotive
Thermal_barrier_coating
This is both an advantage and a disadvantage: it maintains a low operating temperature, helping to preserve the fragile piston rings and exhaust valves
Hopper_cooling
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OPERATING TEMPERATURE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
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