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Ancestor of the Uralic languages
Proto-Uralic is the unattested reconstructed language ancestral to the modern Uralic language family. The reconstructed language is thought to have been
Proto-Uralic_language
Location where the Proto-Uralic language originated
The Proto-Uralic homeland is the earliest location in which the Proto-Uralic language was spoken, before its speakers dispersed geographically causing
Proto-Uralic_homeland
Elements of a Proto-Uralic religion can be recovered from reconstructions of the Proto-Uralic language. According to linguist Ante Aikio, although "evidence
Proto-Uralic_religion
Language family
language-family proposal uniting the Uralic and the Altaic (in the narrow sense) languages. It is now generally agreed that even the Altaic languages
Ural-Altaic_languages
Hypothetical language family consisting of Indo-European and Uralic
pronoun comes from *ti(H), whereas in the non-Anatolian languages it comes from *tu(H); in Proto-Uralic it was *ti, which agrees with evidence from internal
Indo-Uralic_hypothesis
Language family of Northern Eurasia
The Uralic languages (/jʊəˈrælɪk/ yoor-AL-ik), sometimes called the Uralian languages (/jʊəˈreɪliən/ yoor-AY-lee-ən), are spoken predominantly in Europe
Uralic_languages
Reconstructed ancestor of the Sámi languages
Proto-Sámi is the hypothetical, reconstructed common ancestor of the Sámi languages. Its reconstructed ancestor is the Proto-Uralic language. Proto-Sámi
Proto-Sámi_language
Subdivision of the Uralic languages
etymology. Two common phonetic features of the Ugric languages are a rearrangement of the Proto-Uralic (PU) system of sibilant consonants and a lenition
Ugric_languages
Disputed subdivision of the Uralic languages
of all languages in the Uralic language family except for the Samoyedic languages. Its once commonly accepted status as a subfamily of Uralic is based
Finno-Ugric_languages
Proposed language family including Uralic and Eskaleut languages
The Eskimo–Uralic hypothesis posits that the Uralic and Eskimo–Aleut language families belong to a common macrofamily. Eskimo-Uralic is the oldest proposal
Eskimo–Uralic_languages
Reconstructed proto-language
Proto-Indo-Iranian, also called Proto-Indo-Iranic or Proto-Aryan, is the reconstructed proto-language of the Indo-Iranian branch of Indo-European. Its
Proto-Indo-Iranian_language
Type of synthetic language
agglutinative languages. For example, the Proto-Uralic language, the ancestor of the Uralic languages, was agglutinative, and most descendant languages inherit
Agglutinative_language
Proposed language family
Uralic–Yukaghir, also known as Uralo-Yukaghir, is a hypothetical proposed language family composed of Uralic and Yukaghir. Uralic is a large and diverse
Uralic–Yukaghir_hypothesis
Ancestor of the Finnic languages
linguists. Proto-Finnic is itself descended ultimately from Proto-Uralic. Three stages of Proto-Finnic are distinguished in literature. Early Proto-Finnic
Proto-Finnic_language
Proto-Georgian–Zan Proto-Turkic Proto-Mongolic Proto-Tungusic Proto-Yeniseian Proto-Uralic Proto-Finno-Ugric [ru] Proto-Mordvinic Proto-Permic Proto-Mansi
List_of_proto-languages
Proposed superfamily of Eurasian and African languages
languages Indo-Uralic languages Proto-Human language Proto-Uralic language Ural-Altaic languages Uralic-Yukaghir languages Uralo-Siberian languages Campbell
Nostratic_languages
Finnic language
[ˈsuo̯mi] or suomen kieli [ˈsuo̯meŋ ˈkie̯li]) is a Finnic language of the Uralic language family, spoken by the majority of the population in Finland
Finnish_language
Ancestor of the Samoyedic languages
the principal branches of the Uralic language family, and its ancestor is Proto-Uralic. It has been suggested that Proto-Samoyedic greatly influenced the
Proto-Samoyedic_language
Pair of Uralic languages of Russia
languages, also known as the Mordvin, Mordovian or Mordvinian languages (Russian: мордовские языки, mordovskiye yazyki), are a subgroup of the Uralic
Mordvinic_languages
Convergence zone and proposed language family
in favor of language contact, although it continues to be supported by a smaller, yet stable scholarly minority. Like the Uralic language family, which
Altaic_languages
Uralic is a language family whose languages are spoken in Central Europe, Northern Europe, Eastern Europe, and northern Asia, in the countries of Finland
List_of_Uralic_languages
Uralic languages of northern Russia
They derive from a common ancestral language called Proto-Samoyedic, and form a branch of the Uralic languages. Having separated perhaps in the last
Samoyedic_languages
Proposed language macrofamily
these languages spread from a "refuge" area at the Last Glacial Maximum. Indo-Semitic languages Indo-Uralic languages Nostratic languages Proto-Human
Eurasiatic_languages
Reconstructed ancestor of the Eskimo–Aleut languages
between Proto-Eskaleut and other language families. A substantial case for a genetic relationship between Proto-Eskaleut, Yukaghir and Uralic was published
Proto-Eskaleut_language
Ugric languages spoken in Siberia
Traditionally considered a single language, they constitute a branch of the Ugric languages, within the broader Uralic language family. They are often considered
Mansi_languages
Ugric language spoken in Siberia
also the original Proto-Ob-Ugric situation. Palatalization of consonants is phonemic in Khanty, as in most other Uralic languages. Retroflex consonants
Khanty_languages
British linguist (born 1946)
from 12 reconstructible in Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan to 16 in Proto-Uralic. Frequently the modern-day descendant languages have diverged further from
Michael_Fortescue
Reconstructed ancestor of Turkic languages
topic of: Proto-Turkic Proto-Turkic is the linguistic reconstruction of the common ancestor of the Turkic languages that was spoken by the Proto-Turks before
Proto-Turkic_language
Group of languages in Siberia
items in proto-languages reconstructed for Paleo-Siberian languages and language families. Proto-Eskimo, Proto-Uralic, Proto-Ainu, Ainu, Proto-Korean and
Paleo-Siberian_languages
Ancestor of the Indo-European languages
characters. Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. No direct record of Proto-Indo-European
Proto-Indo-European_language
Uralic languages spoken by the Sami people
deriving from a common Proto-Sami-Finnic language (M. Korhonen 1981). However, reconstruction of any basic proto-languages in the Uralic family have reached
Sámi_languages
Language family of Northeastern Europe
The Finnic languages, also known as Baltic Finnic languages, constitute a branch of the Uralic language family spoken around the Baltic Sea by the Baltic
Finnic_languages
Proto-Germanic sound law
gradation has been viewed as inheritance from Proto-Uralic, as it occurs also in other Uralic languages. In particular, suffixal gradation under identical
Verner's_law
Ugric language
is a Ugric language of the Uralic language family spoken in Hungary and parts of several neighboring countries. It is the official language of Hungary
Hungarian_language
Language group
The Permic or Permian languages are a branch of the Uralic language family. They are spoken in several regions to the west of the Ural Mountains within
Permic_languages
Thirteenth letter of the Latin alphabet
equivalents in other languages.) M with diacritics: Ḿ ḿ Ṁ ṁ Ṃ ṃ M̃ m̃ ᵯ IPA-specific symbols related to M: ɱ ɰ Ɱ : Capital M with hook Uralic Phonetic Alphabet-specific
M
Language family native to Eurasia
Indo-Semitic languages – Obsolete language hypothesis Indo-Uralic languages – Hypothetical language family consisting of Indo-European and UralicPages displaying
Indo-European_languages
Ancestor of the Germanic languages
characters. Proto-Germanic (abbreviated PGmc; also called Common Germanic) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Germanic languages. A defining
Proto-Germanic_language
Language where one kind of inflection indicates multiple changes of aspect
thereby has stayed closer to the mainstream Uralic type. However, Sámi languages, while also part of the Uralic family, have gained more fusionality than
Fusional_language
Theory in historical linguistics
correspondences with overt dorsal or laryngeal consonants in the Proto-Uralic and Proto-Kartvelian forms, in effect suggesting that these forms result from
Laryngeal_theory
Hungarian is a Uralic language of the Ugric group. It has been spoken in the region of modern-day Hungary since the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian
History of the Hungarian language
History_of_the_Hungarian_language
Uralic language spoken in Russia
a Mordvinic language of the Uralic family, spoken by Mokshas, with around 130,000 native speakers in 2010. Moksha is the majority language in the western
Moksha_language
Geographic region where the proto-Indo-European language originated
Secondly, the words borrowed at an early date by Proto-Uralic, as well as those borrowed from Caucasian languages, indicate a homeland geographically between
Proto-Indo-European_homeland
Language family of Eurasia
and West Asia. The Turkic languages originated in a region of East Asia spanning from Mongolia to Northwest China, where Proto-Turkic is thought to have
Turkic_languages
Common ancestor of a language family
linguistics. Some universally accepted proto-languages are Proto-Afroasiatic, Proto-Indo-European, Proto-Uralic, and Proto-Dravidian. In a few fortuitous instances
Proto-language
Proposed language family
some other extinct languages of the ancient Near East, Eurasiatic (a proposal of Joseph Greenberg that includes Indo-European, Uralic, Altaic, and several
Borean_languages
Migrations out of the Proto-Indo-European homeland
to other language families, including the Uralic languages, have been proposed but remain controversial. There is no written evidence of Proto-Indo-European
Indo-European_migrations
Branch of the Indo-European language family
a Finnic language of the Uralic language family and is not related to the Baltic languages, which are Indo-European. The Mordvinic languages, spoken mainly
Baltic_languages
Last common ancestor of all varieties of Greek
The Proto-Greek language, also known as Proto-Hellenic, is the Indo-European language which was the last common ancestor of all varieties of Greek, including
Proto-Greek_language
Magyar history (c. 800 BC–c. 895 AD)
trees – including larch and elm – in the daughter languages suggests the speakers of the Proto-Uralic language lived in the wider region of the Ural Mountains
Hungarian_prehistory
Beliefs of Proto-Germanic speakers
neighbouring language families such as Uralic, or via a combination of those methods. This allows linguists to project some terms back to the Proto-Germanic
Proto-Germanic_folklore
Language family of the Arctic and sub-Arctic
Animals Other nouns Adjectives Numbers Eskimo-Uralic Eskimology Proto-Eskaleut language Proto-Eskimoan language Uralo-Siberian "Due to the pejorative nature
Eskaleut_languages
Sixteenth letter of the Latin alphabet
English is a Germanic language and thus has undergone Grimm's law; a native English word with an initial /p/ would reflect Proto-Indo-European initial
P
Languages of the Nordic countries
same region, which belong to the completely unrelated Uralic language family. The modern languages and their dialects in this group are: East Scandinavian
North_Germanic_languages
Samoyedic languages spoken in Russia
rivers. The Nenets languages are classified in the Uralic language family, making them distantly related to some national languages spoken in Europe –
Nenets_languages
Group of peoples around the Baltic Sea
kantakielten absoluuttista kronologiaa" [The absolute chronology of the Proto-Uralic language]. Virittäjä (in Finnish and English). 110 (1): 2. ISSN 2242-8828
Baltic_Finnic_peoples
Subdivision of the Uralic languages
Finno-Permian languages, sometimes just Finnic languages, are a proposed subdivision of the Uralic languages which comprise the Balto-Finnic languages, Sámi languages
Finno-Permic_languages
Branch of the Indo-European language family
one language and not material from several languages, but if "Illyrian" is defined as the ancient precursor of Albanian or the sibling of Proto-Albanian
Albanoid_languages
Language family of Siberia and Manchuria
spread of the Transeurasian languages, Nature 599, 616–621 Georg, Stefan (2023). "Connections between Uralic and Other Language Families". In Daniel Abondolo;
Tungusic_languages
Scientific study of language
linking, for example, Indo-European, Uralic, and other language families to a hypothetical Nostratic language group.[unreliable source?] These attempts
Linguistics
European languages prior to the Bronze Age
the Indo-European and Uralic families of languages. The vast majority of modern European populations speak Indo-European languages. However, until the Bronze
Paleo-European_languages
Ancestor of modern Karelian
Proto-Karelian, also known as Old Karelian, was a language once spoken on the western shore of Lake Ladoga in Karelia, from which the dialects of the Karelian
Proto-Karelian_language
Indigenous Languages of the Americas. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 365. ISBN 978-0-19-767346-1. Aikio, Ante (January 2022). "Proto-Uralic". In Bakró-Nagy
List of proposed language families
List_of_proposed_language_families
Hypothetical unclassified language of late Neolithic Mesopotamia
Proto-Euphratean is a hypothetical unclassified language or languages which was considered by some Assyriologists (such as Samuel Noah Kramer) to be the
Proto-Euphratean_language
Phonetic phenomenon in Uralic languages
crucial. The language groups differ in regard to their treatment sequences of a vowel followed by j or w in Proto-Uralic. In the Samic languages, the second
Consonant_gradation
The Finnish language is a Finnic language spoken mostly in Finland that descends from Proto-Finnic and in turn from Proto-Uralic. It is closely related
History of the Finnish language
History_of_the_Finnish_language
Group of Western Siberian languages
languages are a commonly proposed branch of the Uralic languages, grouping together the Khanty (Ostyak) and Mansi (Vogul) languages. Both languages are
Ob-Ugric_languages
Reconstructed culture of Proto-Indo-Europeans
other Caucasian languages, particularly Proto-Kartvelian. Proto-Indo-European probably also had trade relationships with Proto-Uralic speakers around
Proto-Indo-European_society
Fifteenth letter of the Latin alphabet
Alphabet IPA-specific symbols related to O: ɔ IPA superscript letters: 𐞢 𐞣 Uralic Phonetic Alphabet-specific symbols related to O: U+1D0F ᴏ LATIN LETTER SMALL
O
Finnic language of Karelia, in Russia and Finland
language from the Uralic language family, and is closely related to Finnish. Finnish and Karelian have common ancestry in the Proto-Karelian language
Karelian_language
Extinct Oghur Turkic language
consonant stems. Recalling that Danube- Bulgarian was a Hunnic language. Ramer, Alexis Manaster. "Proto-Bulgarian/Danube Bulgar/Hunno-Bulgar Bekven". Academia
Bulgar_language
Language family of central Siberia
genetic linguistics. In addition to the Yeniseian languages it also includes the Uralic languages of Khanty and Selkup. The term "Yenisei-Ostyak" typically
Yeniseian_languages
Permian ethnic group of Udmurtia, Russia
counted fewer Udmurts than had the 1926 census. The Udmurt language belongs to the Uralic family. The Udmurts have a national epic called Dorvyzhy. Their
Udmurts
Reconstructed ancestor of the Afroasiatic language family
Proto-Afroasiatic (PAA), also known as Proto-Hamito-Semitic, Proto-Semito-Hamitic, and Proto-Afrasian, is the hypothetical proto-language from which all
Proto-Afroasiatic_language
Figure in traditional Finnic culture
to leave their bodies in spirit form. Such people were, in the Proto-Uralic language, probably denoted with the word *nojta (cf. Finnish noita 'witch'
Tietäjä
Language family
Slavic language), but also by the Turkic and Uralic languages. For example: What's more, all three languages do also have false friends, that sometimes
East_Slavic_languages
Language of the Basque people
Aquitania preserve a number of words with cognates in the reconstructed proto-Basque language, for instance, the personal names Nescato and Cison (neskato and
Basque_language
Hypothetical proto-language
Anatolian languages split off a Pre-Proto-Indo-European language considerably earlier than the separation of the remaining Indo-European languages. The prefix
Indo-Hittite_languages
Mesolithic and Early Neolithic culture
Парпола, Аско (2022-04-29). "Location of the Uralic proto-language in the Kama River Valley and the Uralic speakers' Expansion east and west with the 'Sejma-Turbino
Elshanka_culture
Fourteenth letter of the Latin alphabet
represents a uvular nasal in the IPA ᶰ : Modifier letter small capital N Uralic Phonetic Alphabet-specific symbols related to N: U+1D0E ᴎ LATIN LETTER SMALL
N
Reconstructed ancestor of the Albanian languages
Proto-Albanian is the ancestral reconstructed language of Albanian, before the Gheg–Tosk dialectal diversification (before c. 600 CE). Albanoid and other
Proto-Albanian_language
Subdivision of the Uralic languages
Finno-Samic languages are a hypothetical subgroup of the Uralic family, and are made up of 22 languages classified into either the Sami languages, which are
Finno-Samic_languages
numerous regular sound correspondences between Hungarian and the other Uralic languages. For example, Hungarian á corresponds to Khanty o in certain positions
Phonological history of Hungarian
Phonological_history_of_Hungarian
Extinct Indo-European languages in Asia
Uralic, Turkic and Sinitic speakers, have been confirmed. Tocharian had a high social position within the region, and influenced the Turkic languages
Tocharian_languages
Japanese linguist Kanehira Joji believes that the Japanese language is related to the Uralic languages. He based his hypothesis on some similar basic words
Classification of the Japonic languages
Classification_of_the_Japonic_languages
Archaeological culture in Russia
the early Proto-Uralic language, which would later expand eastwards and westwards with the Seima-Turbino material culture. Uralic languages would later
Kama_culture
Finno-Ugric ethnic group of Eastern Europe
; Carpelan, C. (2005). "The cultural counterparts to Proto-Indo-European, Proto-Uralic and Proto-Aryan: Matching the dispersal and contact patterns in
Mari_people
Languages of Eurasia before the arrival of Indo-European languages
indigenous languages of the Americas (now surrounded by English, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, and French), as well as of several Uralic languages (such as
Pre-Indo-European_languages
Proposed language family
targets Karasuk languages – Hypothetical Asian language family Uralo-Siberian languages – a hypothetical language family consisting of Uralic, Yukaghir, and
Dene–Yeniseian_languages
Endangered language family of the Russian Far East
Eskimo–Aleut as well as in Chukotko-Kamchatkan, argued for a link between Uralic, Yukaghir, Chukotko-Kamchatkan, and Eskimo–Aleut calling this proposed grouping
Chukotko-Kamchatkan_languages
Baltic Finnic ethnic group
of the larger Uralic family of languages, which also includes Hungarian. These languages are markedly different from most other languages spoken in Europe
Finns
Indo-European languages, based on the assumption that parts of the Proto-Indo-Europeans' original belief systems survived in the daughter traditions. The Proto-Indo-European
Proto-Indo-European_mythology
Fifth letter of the Latin alphabet
Modifier letter small reversed e, which is a superscript IPA letter The Uralic Phonetic Alphabet uses various forms of e and epsilon / open e: U+1D07 ᴇ
E
Hypothetical grouping of the Italic and Celtic language families
innovations, likely to have developed after the breakup of the Proto-Indo-European language. It is also possible that some of these are not innovations,
Italo-Celtic_languages
Ancestor of the Baltic languages
Proto-Baltic (PB, PBl, Common Baltic) is the unattested, reconstructed ancestral proto-language of all Baltic languages. It is not attested in writing
Proto-Baltic_language
Finnic language
branch of the Uralic (a.k.a. Uralian, or Finno-Ugric) language family. Other Finnic languages include Finnish and several endangered languages spoken around
Estonian_language
Ethnic group name
an etymological link between the Finnish and the Sami languages and other modern Uralic languages. It also supports the hypothesis of a common etymological
Finn_(ethnonym)
Family of two languages in far northeastern Russia
suggested that they are distantly related to the Uralic languages, thus forming the putative Uralic–Yukaghir language family. Michael Fortescue argued that Yukaghir
Yukaghir_languages
Hypothesis about the history of Germanic languages
changes from Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic. Wiik's argument is that only three language groups were widespread in Neolithic Europe: Uralic, Indo-European
Germanic_substrate_hypothesis
Postulated prehistoric ethnolinguistic group
Indo-European and Uralic speakers (4000 BC – 1000AD)" (PDF). University of Helsinki, Suomenlinna, Finland. Look up Appendix:List of Proto-Indo-European roots
Proto-Indo-Europeans
PROTO URALIC-LANGUAGE
PROTO URALIC-LANGUAGE
Female
English
English form of French Aurélie, ORALIE means "golden."
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Pain.
Girl/Female
Indian, Modern
Love
Girl/Female
English Latin
Golden.
Male
Hindi/Indian
(à®®à¯à®°à®³à®¿) Hindi myth name attributed to Krishna, MURALI means "flute."
Girl/Female
Latin American
Golden.
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Flute
Girl/Female
Australian, British, Christian, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Portuguese
Heavenly; Muse of Astronomy
Male
English
Short form of English Alexander, ALIC means "defender of mankind."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Good scent
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Shiny; Fire
Girl/Female
Indian, Jain, Marathi
Goddess
Girl/Female
Indian, Latin
Popularity; Golden
Girl/Female
Greek
Heavenly.
Girl/Female
American, British, Christian, English, French, Latin
Golden; Variant Aurelia
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian
Friend
Boy/Male
Arabic
Arabic Alphabet
Boy/Male
African, Arabic, Muslim
Arabic
Female
Hebrew
(×ï¬µ×¨Ö¸× Ö´×™×ª) Hebrew name URANIT means "light."
Boy/Male
Celebrity, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
Flute; Lord Krishna; The King of the Earth
PROTO URALIC-LANGUAGE
PROTO URALIC-LANGUAGE
Boy/Male
Greek American
People's victory.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Ocean
Girl/Female
Danish, German, Swedish
Bright; Famous
Boy/Male
Hindu
Hopeful
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
One who is Very Active or Quick
Boy/Male
Indian
Person who Stay with style, Peaceful
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Telugu
Precious; Knowledgeable; Lighting; Beautiful
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu
Motivation; Competition; React
Girl/Female
Muslim
Good, New
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil, Telugu
God; Lord Ganesh
PROTO URALIC-LANGUAGE
PROTO URALIC-LANGUAGE
PROTO URALIC-LANGUAGE
PROTO URALIC-LANGUAGE
PROTO URALIC-LANGUAGE
a.
Of or pertaining to the urine; diuretic; urinary; as, uretic medicine.
a.
Pertaining to, allied to, or derived from, durene; as, durylic acid.
a.
Of or pertaining to the Salian Franks, or to the Salic law so called.
pl.
of Photo
n.
An Italic letter, character, or type (see Italic, a., 2.); -- often in the plural; as, the Italics are the author's. Italic letters are used to distinguish words for emphasis, importance, antithesis, etc. Also, collectively, Italic letters.
a.
Of or pertaining to the Urals and the Altai; as the Ural-Altaic, or Turanian, languages.
a.
Of or pertaining to uraemia; as, uraemic convulsions.
a.
Pertaining to, or designating, the Urals, a mountain range between Europe and Asia.
n.
The art or process of making photo-electrotypes.
a.
Alt. of Uralic
a.
Pertaining to, or derived from, furile; as, furilic acid.
n.
A tragedy; a tragic drama.
a.
Pertaining to, or obtained from, apples; as, malic acid.
a.
Pertaining to, or causing, gravitation; as, gravic forces; gravic attraction.
n.
A plant of the genus Allium (A. sativum is the cultivated variety), having a bulbous root, a very strong smell, and an acrid, pungent taste. Each root is composed of several lesser bulbs, called cloves of garlic, inclosed in a common membranous coat, and easily separable.
a.
Of or relating to the Ural Mountains.