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Concept in control theory
Sequential decision making is a concept in control theory and operations research, which involves making a series of decisions over time to optimize an
Sequential_decision_making
Mathematical model for sequential decision making under uncertainty
Markov decision process (MDP) is a mathematical model for sequential decision making when outcomes are uncertain. It is a type of stochastic decision process
Markov_decision_process
Subset of decision science
Group decision-making (also known as collaborative decision-making or collective decision-making) is a situation faced when individuals collectively make
Group_decision-making
Iterative decision analytic framework
Robust decision-making (RDM) is an iterative decision analytics framework that aims to help identify potential robust strategies, characterize the vulnerabilities
Robust_decision-making
American computer scientist
doctoral dissertation, Compact parametric models for efficient sequential decision making in high-dimensional, uncertain domains, was supervised by Nicholas
Emma_Brunskill
Intuition in the context of decision-making is defined as a "non-sequential information-processing mode." It is distinct from insight (a much more protracted
Intuition_and_decision-making
Organizational behavior
Spekman and Gronhaug in 1986 considered whether decision-making was best characterised as "sequential" or "iterative" and found that "iterative" is a
Buying_center
Israeli-American academic
entropy, noise reduction (denoising), filtering, prediction, sequential decision making, learning, and connections with probability, statistics, and computer
Tsachy_Weissman
Theory of laying bets
environment is often modeled using frameworks from online learning and sequential decision making, where the house must balance profit maximization with the need
Mathematics_of_bookmaking
American computer scientist (born 1966)
Fellow in 2018 for "contributions to the design and analysis of sequential decision-making algorithms in artificial intelligence". Winner of the IFAAMAS
Michael_L._Littman
Mathematical method of assigning a prior probability to a given observation
approach transforms sequential decision-making into an optimization problem. However, the general formulation of AIXI is incomputable, making it impractical
Algorithmic_probability
Electrical engineer
faculty at the University of California, Davis. She is expert on sequential decision-making under uncertainty with a focus on infrastructure networks and
Qing_Zhao
Mathematical problem involving optimal stopping theory
"Sequential decision making with relative ranks: An experimental investigation of the 'secretary problem'". Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Secretary_problem
Class of games where players choose their actions sequentially
of that choice before making their own decisions. This turn-based structure, governed by a time axis, distinguishes sequential games from simultaneous
Sequential_game
Necessary condition for optimality associated with dynamic programming
condition in optimal control theory Markov decision process – Mathematical model for sequential decision making under uncertainty Optimal control theory –
Bellman_equation
Method of human learning
sequence prediction, sequence generation, sequence recognition, and sequential decision making. These “problems” show how sequences are formulated. They show
Sequence_learning
Field of machine learning
difference learning Wu, Cathy. "Dynamic programming: What makes sequential decision making hard?" (PDF). p. 6. Kaelbling, Leslie P.; Littman, Michael L.;
Reinforcement_learning
Simple strategies or mental processes involved in making quick decisions
choices at once, people tend to diversify more than when making the same type of decision sequentially. Peak–end rule: A person's subjective perceptions during
Heuristic_(psychology)
Australian statistician and machine learning researcher (born 1966)
generalisation bounds, neural network learning, optimisation methods, sequential decision-making problems, and the theory of deep learning (including phenomena
Peter_L._Bartlett
Ratio of the probability of an event happening versus not happening
the Bayes factor. Odds are particularly useful in problems of sequential decision making, as for instance in problems of how to stop (online) on a last
Odds
of sequential decision making. This involves making a series of observations before making a final decision. An approach based on sequential decision making
Economic analysis of climate change
Economic_analysis_of_climate_change
Game theory paradox
assumptions about strategic behavior in sequential games. It describes a scenario where an incumbent chain store faces sequential entry threats from multiple potential
Chainstore_paradox
renowned as the developer of the "Gittins index", which is used for sequential decision-making, especially in research and development in the pharmaceutical
John_C._Gittins
Greek-American electrical engineer (1942–2026)
theoretical foundations for suboptimal approximations of highly complex sequential decision-making problems. "Convex Analysis and Optimization" (2003, co-authored
Dimitri_Bertsekas
Lower bound for bandit problem
Maillard, Odalric-Ambrym (2019). Mathematics of statistical sequential decision making (PhD thesis). Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies. Lattimore
Lai–Robbins_lower_bound
American computer scientist
dynamics can adapt as new inputs arrive. They have been applied to sequential decision-making and autonomous systems that must respond to changing physical
Daniela_Rus
data by inferring motivational dynamics in the brain. By linking sequential decision-making theories—including the marginal value theorem, reinforcement learning
Alexei_Koulakov
Professor at Indiana University Bloomington
of the APA journal Decision. His research investigates the cognitive processes and dynamics of human judgment and decision making using mathematical modeling
Jerome_Busemeyer
Social choice problem
Dominik (2023). "Proportional Aggregation of Preferences for Sequential Decision Making". arXiv:2306.14858 [cs.GT]. Freeman, Rupert; Zahedi, Seyed Majid;
Multi-issue_voting
French statistician and computer scientist
succeeded in 2020 by the related Inria Scool project, concerning sequential decision making problem under uncertainty, bandit learning, and reinforcement
Emilie_Kaufmann
simultaneous equations estimation. A structural model often involves sequential decision-making under uncertainty or strategic environments where beliefs about
Structural_estimation
minefield navigation task, which involves complex sequential decision-making. Work on organizational decision tasks and other social simulation tasks, as well
CLARION (cognitive architecture)
CLARION_(cognitive_architecture)
Criterion for evaluating fairness of electoral systems
Dominik (2026). "Proportional Aggregation of Preferences for Sequential Decision Making". Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research. 85. Article 17
Justified_representation
American operations researcher and academic
modeling sequential decision problems and identified four fundamental classes of decision policies that include any method for making decisions over time
Warren_B._Powell
Method to measure individual sensitivity
to modulate decision making and examine the underlying processes. The 2AFC task has yielded consistent behavioral results on decision-making, which lead
Two-alternative_forced_choice
Professor of Computer Science
automated planning, and machine learning where she currently studies sequential decision-making, broadly construed, with a focus on human-compatible AI. Her research
Sheila_McIlraith
a subset of decision-making in the social sciences. The two roles in a JAS are the judge and advisor roles. The judge is the decision maker who evaluates
Judge–advisor_system
Engineering formula
Memarzadeh, M.; Pozzi, M. (October 2016). "Value of information in sequential decision making: Component inspection, permanent monitoring and system-level scheduling"
Deterioration_modeling
Slovak computer scientist and AI researcher
UCL–French Embassy workshop on graph-based machine learning and sequential decision-making in London. As a member of Inria's SequeL team, he helped organize
Michal_Valko
Hypothesis test in mathematics
The sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) is a specific sequential hypothesis test, developed by Abraham Wald and later proven to be optimal by Wald
Sequential probability ratio test
Sequential_probability_ratio_test
Problem-solving method
Heuristics can be mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load of making a decision. Heuristic reasoning is often based on induction, or on analogy .
Heuristic
Decision support tool
a decision tree can be drawn to illustrate the principles of diminishing returns on beach #1. The decision tree illustrates that when sequentially distributing
Decision_tree
1957 technique for modelling problems of decision making under uncertainty
Programming" (PDF). Wu, Cathy. "Dynamic programming: What makes sequential decision making hard?" (PDF). Powell, Warren B. (2009). "What you should know
Stochastic dynamic programming
Stochastic_dynamic_programming
Dutch researcher (born 1978)
e2408163122. Social influence undermines the wisdom of the crowd in sequential decision making. Management Science, 2021, 4273-4286. Self-Correcting Dynamics
Arnout_van_de_Rijt
Dutch university
student study areas, Computer Science (Cybersecurity section and Sequential Decision Making section) research offices, and meeting rooms. It is an energy-producing
Delft University of Technology
Delft_University_of_Technology
Robotic control method
cognitive dynamics, particularly sequential decision making. Rabinovich et al. first introduced this idea by applying the sequential switching that characterizes
Heteroclinic_channels
Situation in social choice theory
for Sequential Decision Making". arXiv:2306.14858 [cs.GT]. Lackner, Martin (2020-04-03). "Perpetual Voting: Fairness in Long-Term Decision Making". Proceedings
Perpetual_voting
Computational model used in machine learning
novelty detection, 3D reconstruction, object recognition, and sequential decision making) Sequence recognition (including gesture, speech, and handwritten
Neural network (machine learning)
Neural_network_(machine_learning)
Decision rule used for minimizing the possible loss for a worst-case scenario
moves, it has also been extended to more complex games and to general decision-making in the presence of uncertainty. The maximin value is the highest value
Minimax
for exponential families. Extensive treatment of sequential decision making, for example mining decisions. For many years, it was required for all doctoral
List of publications in statistics
List_of_publications_in_statistics
Visual representation of a decision-making problem
network, in which not only probabilistic inference problems but also decision making problems (following the maximum expected utility criterion) can be
Influence_diagram
Simulation used for training or analysis
et al. determine a business game (or business simulation) as a sequential decision-making exercise structure around a model of a business operation, in
Business_simulation
Model of human decision-making
Decision field theory (DFT) is a dynamic-cognitive approach to human decision making. It is a cognitive model that describes how people actually make decisions
Decision_field_theory
Subfield of machine learning
application provides a framework for best practices in organizational decision-making and processes for applying computational technologies such as machine
Decision_intelligence
Electronic record of voter selections
(March 24, 2024). "Proportional Aggregation of Preferences for Sequential Decision Making". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Cast_vote_record
Bayesian decision theory to sequential mastery testing". Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics. 24: 271–292. Wald, A. (1947). Sequential analysis
Computerized classification test
Computerized_classification_test
Method of counting votes and determining results
Dominik (2023). "Proportional Aggregation of Preferences for Sequential Decision Making". arXiv:2306.14858 [cs.GT]. Peters, Dominik; Skowron, Piotr (2020-07-13)
Phragmén's_voting_rules
Unrecoverable cost that has been incurred
In economics and business decision-making, a sunk cost (also known as retrospective cost) is a cost that has already been incurred and cannot be recovered
Sunk_cost
Criminal justice identification process
having not just sequential lineups, but also double-blind sequential lineups. A double-blind sequential lineup is conducted by making sure that neither
Police_lineup
Method of examining human decision-making
Behavioral game theory seeks to examine how people's strategic decision-making behavior is shaped by social preferences, social utility and other psychological
Behavioral_game_theory
Bargaining procedure
Sequential bargaining (also known as alternate-moves bargaining, alternating-offers protocol, etc.) is a structured form of bargaining between two participants
Sequential_bargaining
Concept in game theory
In game theory, an information set is the basis for decision making in a game, which includes the actions available to players and the potential outcomes
Information_set_(game_theory)
2021 United States Supreme Court case
actual automated dialers in use at the time of the decision incorporate the random or sequential number generator, telemarketers would be able to use
Facebook,_Inc._v._Duguid
Guidelines to guide decisions and achieve rational outcomes
subjective and objective decision making. Policies used in subjective decision-making usually assist senior management with decisions that must be based on
Policy
Formal model in concurrency theory
In computer science, communicating sequential processes (CSP) is a formal language for describing patterns of interaction in concurrent systems. It is
Communicating sequential processes
Communicating_sequential_processes
American writer and academic
Purdue University in 1967. His doctoral thesis was "A design algorithm for sequential machines and definability in monadic second-order arithmetic." He is best
Lawrence_Landweber
Cognitive activity
organizational futures, and challenging conventional thinking to foster decision making today. Research on strategic thought indicates that the critical strategic
Strategic_thinking
Non-probabilistic decision-making model
In decision theory and game theory, Wald's maximin model is a non-probabilistic decision-making model according to which decisions are ranked on the basis
Wald's_maximin_model
Online magazine
Sequential Tart (ST) is an online magazine focused on comics and popular culture from a female perspective. It was created in the late 1990s to serve "as
Sequential_Tart
Joint hierarchical database made by IBM
include Simple Hierarchical Indexed Sequential (SHISAM), Hierarchical Sequential (HSAM), and Hierarchical Indexed Sequential (HISAM). Data in full-function
IBM Information Management System
IBM_Information_Management_System
Product development methodology
manufacturing processes when designing. By involving multiple disciplines in decision making and planning, concurrent engineering has made product development more
Concurrent_engineering
Simple graphical structure in decision-making
the study of decision-making) is a simple graphical structure that categorizes objects by asking one question at a time. These decision trees are used
Fast-and-frugal_trees
Game illustrating paradox in rational choice theory
non-zero sum sequential game explored by economist Martin Shubik to illustrate how a short-sighted approach to rational choice can lead to decisions that are
Dollar_auction
they simply cast their first preference votes. The outcomes of these decision-making polls are often displeasing to a majority of voters merely because
Separability_problem
Approach to optimizing robustness to failure
Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under "severe uncertainty". It has been criticized as unsuited for
Info-gap_decision_theory
American serial killer (1956–2002)
female serial killers because they tend to kill in sprees instead of in a sequential fashion. He noted Wuornos as the sole exception. Reynolds, Michael (1992)
Aileen_Wuornos
Proof all ranked voting rules have spoilers
proved by American economist Kenneth Arrow. It shows that no group decision-making procedure based on ordinal utilities (citizens' orderings of different
Arrow's_impossibility_theorem
Generalization of a Markov decision process
POMDP framework is general enough to model a variety of real-world sequential decision processes. Applications include robot navigation problems, machine
Partially observable Markov decision process
Partially_observable_Markov_decision_process
Decision strategy
frequently employed by human subjects in decision and classification studies. A related strategy for sequential decision problems is Thompson sampling, which
Probability_matching
Application of economics in a business
economics involving the application of economic methods in organizational decision-making process. Economics is the study of the production, distribution, and
Managerial_economics
Making of satisfactory, not optimal, decisions
rationality complements the idea of rationality as optimization, which views decision-making as a fully rational process of finding an optimal choice given the
Bounded_rationality
Logical paradox in decision-making theory
Outcome Perfect information Perfect recall Ply Preference Rationality Sequential game Simultaneous action selection Spite Strategic complements Strategic
Paradox_of_tolerance
Solving a problem by solving a larger problem
to solve in comparison with a particular problem. The sum of numbers sequentially from 1-99: 1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 97 + 98 + 99 {\displaystyle 1+2+3+\cdots +97+98+99\
Inventor's_paradox
Theory of internationalization of enterprises
internationalization of enterprises, which assumes that a company undergoes a sequential progression through various stages in the process of its international
Uppsala_model
Application of quantum theory mathematics to cognitive phenomena
phenomena such as information processing by the human brain, language, decision making, human memory, concepts and conceptual reasoning, human judgment, and
Quantum_cognition
Condition in economics and game theory
cost functions. In game theory, a sequential game has perfect information if each player, when making any decision, is perfectly informed of all the events
Perfect_information
Theory in microeconomics
service should be. Models of sequential search have been used in many disciplines, including finance and labour economics. Sequential search models are used
Search_theory
Thinking technique that involves an analytical approach to problem solving
order to take in information or make decisions. This type of thinking encourages individuals to employ a sequential approach to solving problem where a
Vertical_thinking
Government proposals, principles and actions
results of policies but, more broadly, to the decision-making and analysis behind governmental decisions. As an academic discipline, public policy is studied
Public_policy
Game class in game theory
the actions chosen by other players. Simultaneous games contrast with sequential games, which are played by the players taking turns (moves alternate between
Simultaneous_game
How a person justifies their own beliefs when encountering cognitive dissonance
particular course of action, by means of sequential and escalating commitments, resulting in detrimental personal decisions and many other evitable disastrous
Self-justification
Bound on optimal stopping in random sequences
stopping, a prophet inequality is a bound on the expected value of a decision-making process that handles a sequence of random inputs from known probability
Prophet_inequality
In negotiations, the best alternative to no deal
Equilibrium if Amy is making the best decision she can while taking into account Phil's decision, and if Phil is making the best decision he can while taking
Best alternative to a negotiated agreement
Best_alternative_to_a_negotiated_agreement
Theory within the practice of psychology
Thelen, Norman (2001). "Confirmation bias in sequential information search after preliminary decisions: An expansion of dissonance theoretical research
Selective_exposure_theory
Assisted reproductive technology procedure
hinder disabled individuals' access to IVF, such as assumptions about decision-making capacity, sexual interests and abilities, heritability of a disability
In_vitro_fertilisation
Type of heuristic technique
and online advertising, and accelerated learning in decentralized decision making. A Double Thompson Sampling (D-TS) algorithm has been proposed for
Thompson_sampling
Organism's immediate response to a change in its environment
These regions are also believed to be largely responsible for emotion, decision making, and memory. Increases in activity within the cerebellar and extrastriate
Orienting_response
alternatives and consequences. This model follows a sequential, rational approach to ethical decision-making. This method utilizes description and prescription
Public_sector_ethics
Israeli-American psychologist and economist (1934–2024)
psychologist best known for his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making as well as behavioral economics, for which he was awarded the 2002
Daniel_Kahneman
System that manages the behavior of other systems
process variable output of the plant to the same value as the setpoint. For sequential and combinational logic, software logic, such as in a programmable logic
Control_system
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SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING
SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING
SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING
SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING
SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING
SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING
SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING
SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING
SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING
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