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In the physics of continuous media, spatial dispersion is a phenomenon where material parameters such as the permittivity or conductivity have dependence
Spatial_dispersion
Effect of a material on light
Dispersion causes a rainbow's spatial separation of a white light into components of different wavelengths (different colors). However, dispersion also
Dispersion_(optics)
Methods used in statistics
the set. Dispersion captures the degree to which points in a point set are separated from each other. For most applications, spatial dispersion should be
Spatial descriptive statistics
Spatial_descriptive_statistics
Russian-Finnish scientist
response (spatial dispersion), i.e. cannot be described by usual material parameters such as permittivity. The property of strong spatial dispersion enables
Sergei_Tretyakov_(scientist)
Mathematical simulation of how air pollutants disperse in the ambient atmosphere
Atmospheric dispersion modeling is the mathematical simulation of how air pollutants disperse in the ambient atmosphere. It is performed with computer
Atmospheric dispersion modeling
Atmospheric_dispersion_modeling
Cohesive force between species
London dispersion forces (LDF, also known as dispersion forces, London forces, instantaneous dipole–induced dipole forces, fluctuating induced dipole bonds
London_dispersion_force
Term in optics
medium. There are two main kinds of solitons: spatial solitons: the nonlinear effect can balance the dispersion. The electromagnetic field can change the
Soliton_(optics)
Rotation of the plane of linearly polarized light as it travels through a chiral material
considering nonlocality of the material response, a phenomenon known as spatial dispersion. Nonlocality means that electric fields in one location of the material
Optical_rotation
Graduate textbook by J.D. Jackson
reaction. However, it does not consider electrodynamics in media with spatial dispersion and radiation scattering in bulk matter. He recommended Electrodynamics
Classical Electrodynamics (book)
Classical_Electrodynamics_(book)
Statistical property quantifying how much a collection of data is spread out
In statistics, dispersion (also called variability, scatter, or spread) is the extent to which a distribution is stretched or squeezed. Common examples
Statistical_dispersion
Substance-specific relation between two physical quantities
homogeneous materials, dependence on other locations is known as spatial dispersion. As a variation of these examples, in general materials are bianisotropic
Constitutive_equation
Damping of electric fields
potential. This screening yields a dielectric function that shows spatial dispersion, i.e., it depends in reciprocal space on the k {\displaystyle k} -vector
Electric-field_screening
Dispersion of waves on a water surface
In fluid dynamics, dispersion of water waves generally refers to frequency dispersion, which means that waves of different wavelengths travel at different
Dispersion_(water_waves)
Normalized measure of the dispersion of a probability distribution
probability theory and statistics, the index of dispersion, dispersion index, coefficient of dispersion, relative variance, or variance-to-mean ratio (VMR)
Index_of_dispersion
Distance over which a wave's shape repeats
In physics and mathematics, wavelength or spatial period of a wave or periodic function is the distance over which the wave's shape repeats. In other
Wavelength
subwavelength approximation ensures that the Bragg stop-bands with the strong spatial dispersion effects are at higher frequencies and can be neglected. The criterion
Electromagnetic_metamaterial
distribution. In most theoretical literature, price dispersion is argued as result from spatial difference and the existence of significant search cost
Price_dispersion
Ukrainian physicist (1917–1985)
waves has been developed in the framework of the crystal optics with spatial dispersion. Pekar also proposed a mechanism of coupling between the electron’s
Solomon_Pekar
Most common species of mice
Samantha J; Hurst, Jane L (1997). "Behavioural mechanisms underlying the spatial dispersion of commensal Mus domesticus and grassland Mus spretus". Animal Behaviour
House_mouse
Species of sea urchin
the dynamic nature of tidal zones and can vary from beach to beach. Spatial dispersion within a bed, as well as individual growth rate, has also been correlated
Mellita_quinquiesperforata
Changes in optical properties from applied electric fields
F. (2015-12-03). "Linear electro-optic effects due to high-order spatial dispersion". Physical Review A. 92 (6) 063804. American Physical Society (APS)
Electro–optic_effect
total dispersion Low peak power handling Large spatial footprint. The chromo-modal dispersion device is constructed by combining the angular dispersion of
Chromo-modal_dispersion
Techniques to study geometric data
identical spatial data can appear either dispersed or clustered depending on the boundary placed around the data. In analysis with point data, dispersion is
Spatial_analysis
System in which parties engage in transactions according to supply and demand
transportation costs and that public interest would dictate more spatial dispersion. William Baumol provided in his 1977 paper the current formal definition
Market_(economics)
Spatial statistics function
graphical representation of the spatial dependence between pairs of data points, commonly used in geostatistics and spatial statistics. The term is sometimes
Variogram
then only interfere at the overlapping volume, if no further spatial or temporal dispersion is introduced, so that the intense pulsed illumination is retrieved
Wide-field multiphoton microscopy
Wide-field_multiphoton_microscopy
Italian economist and professor of economics
(1977): stronger competition in local product and factor markets causes spatial dispersion, though firms tend to locate close to large markets in order to take
Gianmarco_Ottaviano
and its effects are dispersed temporally and spatially. Ethical implications due to spatial dispersion: those causing the problem are not in the same
Ethics_of_climate_change
Materials engineered to have properties that have not yet been found in nature
subwavelength approximation ensures that the Bragg stop-bands with the strong spatial dispersion effects are at higher frequencies and can be neglected. The criterion
Metamaterial
Measure of how populations and goods move over time
Andreas (2009). Mobilities and Social Network Geography: Size and Spatial Dispersion- the Zurich Case Study. Bloomfield, VA: Ashgate. pp. 102–104. ISBN 978-0-7546-7495-5
Geographic_mobility
Species of South African harvester termite
created by the southern harvester termite, Microhodotermes viator: Spatial dispersion of colonies and alteration of soils". Journal of Arid Environments
Microhodotermes_viator
History of the development of microeconomics as a study
transportation costs and that public interest would dictate more spatial dispersion. A new impetus was given to the field when Edward H. Chamberlin and
History_of_microeconomics
English educationalist, barrister, peace campaigner (1880–1958)
2004–14. Simovski, Constantin (2018). Composite Media with Weak Spatial Dispersion. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1351166225. Maxwell Garnett, J. C. (1904). "Colours
Maxwell_Garnett
Geographical problem of calculating properties near edges of areas
identical spatial data can appear either dispersed or clustered depending on the boundary placed around the data. In analysis with point data, dispersion is
Boundary problem (spatial analysis)
Boundary_problem_(spatial_analysis)
low spatial heterogeneity) in industrial agriculture on biodiversity. Citation added: Huffaker, C. B. "Experimental Studies on Predation: Dispersion Factors
Huffaker's_mite_experiment
Measuring the point of gaze or motion of an eye relative to the head
"EyeMMV toolbox: An eye movement post-analysis tool based on a two-step spatial dispersion threshold for fixation identification". Journal of Eye Movement Research
Eye_tracking
Chemist (1928–2015)
; Thomas, D. G. (1963). "Theoretical and experimental effects of spatial dispersion on the optical properties of crystals". Physical Review. 132 (2):
David_Gilbert_Thomas
Method for measuring urban sprawl
2 ( UD ) where { UP = Urban Permeation w 1 ( Dis ) = Weighting 1 ( Dispersion ) w 2 ( UD ) = Weighting 2 ( Utilization Density ) {\displaystyle
Weighted_urban_proliferation
Study of spatial and geographic data
dimension, such as census or demographics data. It uses techniques from spatial analysis, but also encompasses geographical activities such as the defining
Statistical_geography
Effective diffusion of a substance enhanced by shear flow, studied in fluid dynamics
Taylor dispersion or Taylor diffusion or Shear-induced dispersion is an apparent or effective diffusion of some scalar field arising on the large scale
Taylor_dispersion
Research institute
CALamity Model designed for the calculation of air pollution dispersion on small spatial scales, within the Netherlands. The algorithms and parameters
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
Royal_Netherlands_Meteorological_Institute
Dispersive prism in spectroscopy
prisms can be accurately calculated using the multiple-prism dispersion theory assuming no spatial separation between the prism components. The dispersive
Amici_prism
Empirical law on the variance of species in a habitat
small-scale random spatial pattern is suggested and is best described by the binomial distribution. When b = 1 and a > 1, there is over-dispersion (small-scale
Taylor's_law
Canadian electrical engineer and physicist (1924–1998)
Cable Located Close to a Tunnel Wall (Short Papers) 1977 Influence of Spatial Dispersion of the Shield Transfer Impedance of a Braided Coaxial Cable (Letters)
James_R._Wait
Geographical area in which a species can be found
Species distribution, or species dispersion, is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged. The geographic limits of a particular taxon's
Species_distribution
Pulse that is substantially slowed to less than the speed of light
structures modify the spatial component (k-vector) of a propagating wave. Slow light can also be achieved by exploiting the dispersion properties of planar
Slow_light
Species of rodent
ISSN 0249-7395. S2CID 87127068. Gray, S.J.; et al. (1998). "Microhabitat and spatial dispersion of the grassland mouse (Mus spretus Lataste)". Journal of Zoology
Algerian_mouse
Property in optics
"normal dispersion", in contrast to "anomalous dispersion", where the refractive index increases with wavelength. For visible light normal dispersion means
Refractive_index
Research institute in Kyiv, Ukraine
theory of propagation of light through crystal which take into account spatial dispersion and processes of relaxation. He is also known for his work as the
NASU_Institute_of_Physics
Topics referred to by the same term
that differ across the locations Statistical variability, a measure of dispersion in statistics Variability hypothesis, nineteenth century hypothesis that
Variability
Number of available physical states per energy unit
occupied by the system. The density of states is directly related to the dispersion relations of the properties of the system. High DOS at a specific energy
Density_of_states
Measure of statistical dispersion
statistics, the interquartile range (IQR) is a measure of statistical dispersion, which is the spread of the data. The IQR may also be called the midspread
Interquartile_range
Composed music that intentionally exploits sound localization
Spatial music is composed music that intentionally exploits sound localization. Though present in Western music from biblical times in the form of the
Spatial_music
Parameterization
isothermal sphere (SIS) profile is the simplest parametrization of the spatial distribution of matter in an astronomical system (e.g. galaxies, clusters
Singular isothermal sphere profile
Singular_isothermal_sphere_profile
Dutch theoretical physicist
Fokker-Planck equation for a simple model of a laser oscillator exhibiting spatial dispersion". Optics Communications. 10 (2): 114–119. Bibcode:1974OptCo..10..114D
Hans_Dekker
Theory in optics
The first description of multiple-prism arrays, and multiple-prism dispersion, was given by Isaac Newton in his book Opticks, also introducing prisms as
Multiple-prism dispersion theory
Multiple-prism_dispersion_theory
MIMO wireless transmission technique
coupling and dispersion. The utilization of few-mode fibers, which are MMFs with a core size designed specially to allow a low count of spatial modes, is
Spatial_multiplexing
System to capture, manage, and present geographic data
and visualize geographic data. Geographic data is often stored within a spatial database; however, this is not essential to meet the definition of a GIS
Geographic_information_system
Type of radiological weapon
PMID 14744070, S2CID 41910831. Sohier, A. and Hardeman, F. (2006) "Radiological Dispersion Devices: are we prepared?", Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 85:
Dirty_bomb
Family of probability distributions
S2CID 17435198. Kendal, WS (2002). "Spatial aggregation of the Colorado potato beetle described by an exponential dispersion model". Ecological Modelling. 151
Tweedie_distribution
Statistical error measure
E(|X-c|-|X|),} as discussed at Multivariate median (and specifically at Spatial median). This optimization-based definition of the median is useful in
Mean_absolute_error
Measure of covariance of components of a random vector
statistics, a covariance matrix (also known as auto-covariance matrix, dispersion matrix, variance matrix, or variance–covariance matrix) is a square matrix
Covariance_matrix
Transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that refract light
mirror on its rear facet Pellin–Broca prism Triangular prism Spectral dispersion is the best known property of optical prisms, although not the most frequent
Prism_(optics)
Presence of greater variability in a data set than would be expected
statistics, overdispersion is the presence of greater variability (statistical dispersion) in a data set than would be expected based on a given statistical model
Overdispersion
Potential for two waves to interfere
its bandwidth (a transform-limited pulse), otherwise it is chirped (see dispersion). Measurement of the spectral coherence of light requires a nonlinear
Coherence_(physics)
Technique for hyperspectral imaging
irretrievable scanning movements. Being based on dispersion, spatio-spectral scanning systems yield high spatial and spectral resolution. A prototypical spatio-spectral
Spatiospectral_scanning
patterns of spatial concentration and dispersion, such as the emergence of cities, industrial clusters and regional specialisation. Modern spatial economic
Location_theory
Dispersive optical device
adjustable mirrors or a spatial light modulator (Weiner, 2006). Using the VIPA, compensation of polarization mode dispersion was also achieved (Weiner
Virtually_imaged_phased_array
Quasiparticle form phonon and photon coupling
transverse optical phonons, this is due to the particular form of the dispersion relation of the phonon and photon and their interaction. Photons consist
Phonon_polariton
Branch of physics that studies light
medium is said to have positive dispersion or normal dispersion. If D is greater than zero, the medium has negative dispersion. If a light pulse is propagated
Optics
Pollution analysis algorithm
emission intensity and dispersion efficiency. LUR modeling is a useful approach for screening studies and can substitute for dispersion models given insufficient
Land_use_regression_model
Summary statistic of variability
deviations from a central point. It is a summary statistic of statistical dispersion or variability. In the general form, the central point can be a mean,
Average_absolute_deviation
Statistical measure of how far values spread from their average
In probability theory and statistics, variance is a measure of dispersion, meaning it is a measure of how far a set of numbers are spread out from their
Variance
Distinction between nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio variables
mode is also allowed, but not the mean), and the appropriate measure of dispersion is percentile or quartile (the standard deviation is not allowed). Those
Level_of_measurement
Gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium
is tied into the dispersion of the seismic energy with the distance. There are two types of dissipated energy: geometric dispersion caused by distribution
Attenuation
Electromagnetic waves that travel along an interface
free-space photon has less momentum than an SPP because the two have different dispersion relations (see below). This momentum mismatch is the reason that a free-space
Surface_plasmon_polariton
Transmitting information over optical fiber
polarization-maintaining optical fiber. Some dispersion, notably chromatic dispersion, can be removed by a dispersion compensator. This works by using a specially
Fiber-optic_communication
Atmospheric simulation software
pollutants, will travel. HYSPLIT is also capable of calculating air pollutant dispersion, chemical transformation, and deposition. The HYSPLIT model was developed
HYSPLIT
Movement of individuals from their birth site to a breeding site
in location are common in both young and adult animals. The extent of dispersion depends on multiple factors, such as local population, resource competition
Biological_dispersal
Substance composed of multiple chemically bonded elements
differ based on the types of elements present in the compound. London dispersion forces, part of the Van der Waals force, are the weakest force of all
Chemical_compound
Class of statistical models
family (or exponential family with dispersion) is a generalization of an exponential family and the exponential dispersion model of distributions and includes
Generalized_linear_model
Velocity at which the overall shape of a wave's amplitudes propagates
propagation Dispersion (water waves) Dispersion (optics) Wave propagation speed Group delay Group velocity dispersion Group delay dispersion Phase delay
Group_velocity
medium and retain their spatiotemporal shape in spite of diffraction and dispersion which tend to spread the pulse. This is made possible by a balance between
Light_bullet
Phenomenon of fluid mechanics
decomposition e i ( k x − ω t ) {\displaystyle e^{i(kx-\omega t)}} obeys the dispersion relation (for ideal flow with no surface tension), ω = k ρ 1 U 1 + ρ 2
Kelvin–Helmholtz_instability
Topics referred to by the same term
grouped in large numbers Scale parameter, a description of the spread or dispersion of a probability distribution Feature scaling, a method used to normalize
Scale
System with capability to digitize very high bandwidth signals
(inverse) output port to eliminate the dispersion penalty, in much the same way as two antennas can eliminate spatial nulls in Wireless communication (hence
Time-stretch analog-to-digital converter
Time-stretch_analog-to-digital_converter
Failure of a lens to focus all colors on the same point
failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point. It is caused by dispersion: the refractive index of the lens elements varies with the wavelength
Chromatic_aberration
Middle quantile of a data set or probability distribution
deviation. For practical purposes, different measures of location and dispersion are often compared on the basis of how well the corresponding population
Median
Relationship of wind speeds at varying heights
profiles are generated and used in a number of atmospheric pollution dispersion models. Estimates of wind power density are presented as wind class, ranging
Wind_profile_power_law
Experiment methodology
Generalized/power Geometric Harmonic Heronian Heinz Lehmer Median Mode Dispersion Average absolute deviation Coefficient of variation Interquartile range
A/B_testing
Force of attraction or repulsion between molecules and neighboring particles
bonding Van der Waals forces – Keesom force, Debye force, and London dispersion force Cation–cation bonding Salt bridge (protein and supramolecular) Information
Intermolecular_force
Branch of statistics focusing on spatial data sets
Geostatistics is a branch of statistics focusing on spatial or spatiotemporal datasets. Developed originally to predict probability distributions of ore
Geostatistics
In Switzerland, spatial planning is the sum total of public policies concerning land use, the organization of the built environment, and the distribution
Spatial planning in Switzerland
Spatial_planning_in_Switzerland
Group of separated yet interacting ecological populations
A metapopulation consists of a group of spatially separated populations of the same species which interact at some level. The term metapopulation was
Metapopulation
Relative measure of dispersion expressed as the ratio of standard deviation to the mean
and relative standard deviation (RSD), is a standardized measure of dispersion of a probability distribution or frequency distribution. It is defined
Coefficient_of_variation
Type of statistics
data set are measures of central tendency and measures of variability or dispersion. Measures of central tendency include the mean, median and mode, while
Descriptive_statistics
Method for multiplexing signals
light's Jones vector over the entire Poincaré sphere. Polarization mode dispersion, polarization-dependent loss. and cross-polarization modulation are other
Polarization-division multiplexing
Polarization-division_multiplexing
Potassium spatial buffering is a mechanism for the regulation of extracellular potassium concentration by astrocytes. Other mechanisms for astrocytic
Potassium_spatial_buffering
Computational fluid dynamics software package
forcing and pollutant dispersion Lagrangian particle tracking: transport of dispersed particles and droplets, including turbulent dispersion, deposition, thermal
Code_Saturne
Quantum-mechanical vector property in solid-state physics
ISBN 0-201-53929-2. Robert Littlejohn (2012). "Physics 221a class notes 4: Spatial Degrees of Freedom". Callaway, Joseph (1976). Quantum Theory of the Solid
Crystal_momentum
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