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civilizations. Spices have been used in a variety of antique developments for their unique qualities. There were a variety of spices that were used for common
Spice_use_in_antiquity
smoked spices List of spices used in root beer List of foods Seasoning Spice Bazaar, Istanbul Spice mix Spice use in Antiquity African spices Moroccan
List of culinary herbs and spices
List_of_culinary_herbs_and_spices
syriacum. Spice trade Spice use in Antiquity Marination – process of soaking foods in a seasoned, often acidic, liquid before cooking. Spice rub – any
Outline_of_herbs_and_spices
ancient dishes Spice use in Antiquity Asarotos Oikos Food in ancient Rome Jacques André listed 54 cultivated and 43 wild vegetables in ancient Rome. Wilkins
Ancient_Roman_cuisine
Historic international commerce
anise, clove, and turmeric, were known and used in antiquity and traded in the Eastern world. These spices found their way into the Near East before the
Spice_trade
Flavoured Indian tea
steamed milk, much like that used to make a latte but mixed with a spiced tea concentrate instead of espresso. The word for tea in most Indian languages is
Masala_chai
Ground fruit of the family Piperaceae
have been used since antiquity, both for flavour and as a traditional medicine. Black pepper is one of the most commonly traded spices in the world.
Black_pepper
Levantine herb or herb blend
ancient Egypt and classical antiquity, za'atar has been used for millennia as a seasoning, folk remedy, and cultural symbol. The spice blend varies regionally
Za'atar
Variety of cardamom
Western Ghats. It finds mention in ancient Hindu texts and is one of the spices traded since antiquity. The spice is mentioned in ancient Hindu texts such as
Alleppey_green_cardamom
Ancient proto-Somali trading port
during Classical Antiquity and Late Antiquity. Situated near present-day Cape Guardafui, itself known as the “Promontory/Cape of Spices” (Aromaton akron
Aromata
Species of plant cultivated for use as spice
pippali, is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. Long pepper has
Long_pepper
In classical and late antiquity wreaths or crowns (Ancient Greek: στέφανος, romanized: stéphanos, lit. 'wreath', 'crown'; Latin: corona, lit. 'wreath'
Wreaths and crowns in antiquity
Wreaths_and_crowns_in_antiquity
Ancient Proto-Somali trading port in Somalia
emporium and seaport situated in northern Somalia along the coast of the Gulf of Aden during Classical and Late Antiquity. According to Greco-Roman authors
Mosylon
Annual herb
Fragiska M (2005). "Wild and Cultivated Vegetables, Herbs and Spices in Greek Antiquity". Environmental Archaeology. 10 (1): 73–82. doi:10.1179/146141005790083858
Coriander
Rabbinic views on the incense formula used in Jewish ritual
legislation of the ancient Hebrews. The correct blend of sweet spices and aromatic condiments used in making the incense offering was a carefully guarded secret
Incense offering in rabbinic literature
Incense_offering_in_rabbinic_literature
Species of plant (''Capparis spinosa'')
and Spices in Greek Antiquity. Environmental Archaeology 10 (1): 73–82 Gernot Katzer. "Spice Pages: Capers (Capparis spinosa)". gernot-katzers-spice-pages
Caper
Spice made from flower buds
Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics
Clove
seasoning, fragrance, dye, and medicine in use for over three millennia. One of the world's most expensive spices by weight, saffron consists of stigmas
Use_of_saffron
Turkish toffee paste
(in Turkish also Macun şekeri) is a soft, sweet and colorful Turkish toffee paste. It is a street food that may be prepared with many herbs and spices
Macun
Spice from Cinnamomum trees
Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus Cinnamomum. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and
Cinnamon
Ancient city-states of Somalia
In antiquity, ancestors of the Somali people were an important link in the Horn of Africa connecting the region's commerce with the rest of the old world
Ancient_Somali_city-states
Indian spice derived from Ferula roots
asafoetida was known in Greco-Roman antiquity. Its historical use partly overlaps with that of the now-extinct silphium, a plant highly valued in the ancient Mediterranean
Asafoetida
Cheesecake from classical antiquity
prepared in antiquity that was closely associated with honey. Besides referencing a specific cake, libum came to be used as a name for cakes in general
Libum
Unidentified plant used as a seasoning and medicine
Greek: σίλφιον, sílphion) is an unidentified plant that was used in classical antiquity as a seasoning, perfume, aphrodisiac, and medicine. It was an
Silphium
Species of flowering plant
silphium, a plant used as a spice and for various medical purposes in classical antiquity in the Mediterranean region. Among the many uses of silphium was
Ferula_tingitana
European history from the 5th to 15th centuries
compared to the "light" of classical antiquity. Leonardo Bruni was the first historian to use tripartite periodisation in his History of the Florentine People
Middle_Ages
Plant used for food, medicine or perfume
that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal purposes, or for fragrances. Culinary use typically distinguishes herbs from spices. Herbs
Herb
Species of flowering plant in the celery family
grown widely in Eurasia, where its leaves and seeds are used as a herb or spice for flavouring food. Growing from a taproot like a carrot, dill grows up
Dill
Regarded as pseudoarchaeology by geologists and archaeologists
Searches for Noah's Ark have been reported since antiquity, as ancient scholars sought to affirm the historicity of the Genesis flood narrative by citing
Searches_for_Noah's_Ark
[better source needed] Kashmir saffron is renowned globally as a spice. It is used in cosmetics and for medicinal purposes. It has been associated with
Saffron_trade
Species of flowering plant
cabbage, and radish). It is a root vegetable, cultivated and used worldwide as a spice and as a condiment. The species is likely native to Southeastern
Horseradish
Religious use of incense has its origins in antiquity. The burned incense may be intended as a symbolic or sacrificial offering to various deities or
Religious_use_of_incense
Shipping route around the Cape of Good Hope
Sail, but became partly obsolete as the Suez Canal opened in 1869. Scholars of classical antiquity disagreed whether the Atlantic was connected to the Indian
Cape_Route
Mineral composed of sodium chloride
Romans, the Byzantines, the Hittites and other peoples of antiquity. In the Middle East, salt was used to seal an agreement ceremonially, and the ancient Hebrews
Salt
Species of edible plant
Fragiska (2005). "Wild and Cultivated Vegetables, Herbs and Spices in Greek Antiquity (900 B.C. to 400 B.C.)". Environmental Archaeology. 10 (1): 73–82
Celery
Psychoactive substance that induces spiritual experiences
religious practices in antiquity. In recent decades, entheogens have experienced a resurgence in academic and clinical research, particularly in psychiatry and
Entheogen
Period of European history
term late antiquity, for the early part of the period, emphasizes elements of continuity with the Roman Empire, while Early Middle Ages is used to emphasize
Early_Middle_Ages
Species of tree
for its strong wood used for saddles, and was one of the Spanish colonies' supply sources for saddles. It has also been used for spice production, but is
Schinus_molle
Semi-autonomous region of Tanzania
the "Spice Islands". Tourism in Zanzibar is a more recent activity, driven by government promotion that caused an increase from 19,000 tourists in 1985
Zanzibar
Active ingredient in fermented drinks
1016/S2468-2667(22)00317-6. PMC 9831798. PMID 36603913. Rosso AM (2012). "Beer and wine in antiquity: beneficial remedy or punishment imposed by the Gods?". Acta medico-historica
Alcohol_(drug)
City in West Yorkshire, England
of the Spice Girls. A public artwork by Adrian Riley called 'Leeds Song Tunnel' celebrates bands and musical artists who have their origins in Leeds.
Leeds
Chinese-descended ethnic group of Southeast Asia
the Malay influence, a unique "Nyonya" cuisine has developed using typical Malay spices. Examples are chicken kapitan, a dry chicken curry and inchi kabin
Peranakan_Chinese
Ancient history of the African region
the Mediterranean Iron Age and classical antiquity. Sub-Saharan Africa developed more or less independently in those times.[citation needed] Mainstream
Ancient_Africa
1810 British military campaign in the Dutch East Indies
around the Dutch owned Maluku Islands (or Moluccas) also known as the Spice Islands in the Dutch East Indies during the Napoleonic Wars. By 1810 the Kingdom
Invasion_of_the_Spice_Islands
State in southwestern India
In the 15th century, the spice trade attracted Portuguese traders to Kerala, initiating European colonisation in India. After Indian independence in 1947
Kerala
Country in South Asia
poultry and fish commonly spiced with ginger and garlic, but also coriander, cumin, turmeric, cinnamon, cardamom and others. In some instances, the ingredients
India
Ancient lighthouse in Egypt
State of Antiquities in Egypt had plans to turn submerged ruins of ancient Alexandria, including those of the Pharos, into an underwater museum. In 2025,
Lighthouse_of_Alexandria
Species of beetle that produces a toxic blistering agent
known since antiquity and the activity has been used in various ways. This has led to its small-scale commercial preparation and sale, in a powdered form
Lytta_vesicatoria
Country in West Asia
are frequently used, along with fruits such as plums, pomegranates, quince, prunes, apricots and raisins. Characteristic Iranian spices and flavourings
Iran
Collection of 87 ancient Greek hymns
deities, which were attributed in antiquity to the mythical poet Orpheus. They were composed in Asia Minor (located in modern-day Turkey), most likely
Orphic_Hymns
Walter le Spicer was an English politician who served as the member of Parliament for Gloucester at various points throughout the 1310s, 20s, and 1330s
Walter_le_Spicer
Attitudes and behaviors towards sex in ancient Rome
political discourse. Forms of expression with lower cultural cachet in antiquity—such as comedy, satire, invective, love poetry, graffiti, magic spells
Sexuality_in_ancient_Rome
Mythical creature
Greek antiquity. In the fifth century BC, the Greek physician Ctesias, in his Indica, wrote a detailed report on the existence of cynocephali in India
Cynocephaly
Episode list for an American late-night talk show
produced in this season, rather than the 30 shows produced in the previous seven seasons, with production extending into the month of December, a month in which
List of Last Week Tonight with John Oliver episodes
List_of_Last_Week_Tonight_with_John_Oliver_episodes
Ruler of Mali from c. 1312 to c. 1337
gold. Mali is also believed to have been involved in the trade in many goods such as ivory, slaves, spices, silks, and ceramics. However, presently little
Mansa_Musa
Schwartz 2009, p. 214: In sum, it is not unlikely that late antiquity was a period of unprecedented prosperity in Palestine, as in Syria. Masalha 2018,
History_of_Palestine
Capital city of Syria
this was stability for the city and benefits from the spice and incense trade with Arabia. In 694 BC, the town was called Šaʾimerišu (Akkadian: 𒐼𒄿𒈨𒊑𒋙𒌋)
Damascus
Fortified wine flavoured with herbs, spices, fruit or other natural flavouring
Aromatised wine (spelled aromatized in American English) is a wine flavoured with aromatic herbs and spices. These are classified by their alcohol content
Aromatised_wine
Mechanism with bendable rotation axis
successor to the Spicer brand The main concept of the universal joint is based on the design of gimbals, which have been in use since antiquity. One anticipation
Universal_joint
Botanical fruit with fleshy pericarp, containing one or many seeds
pigments have antioxidant health value on product labels in the United States or Europe. Some spices are prepared from berries. Allspice is made from the
Berry_(botany)
Salt-cured beef product
"corns" of salt. Sometimes, sugar and spices are added to corned beef recipes. Corned beef is featured as an ingredient in many cuisines. Most recipes include
Corned_beef
State in eastern India
foods of Jharkhand are rice, dal, roti, vegetables, and tubers. Spices are sparingly used in cuisine. Famous dishes include Chhilka Roti, Malpua, Pitha, Dhooska
Jharkhand
an Aksumite town" (PDF). Antiquity. 93 (372): 1534. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.84. J.L. Teicher, "Ancient Eucharistic Prayers in Hebrew (Dura-Europos Parchment
List of oldest church buildings
List_of_oldest_church_buildings
Species of flowering plant with edible seeds
and spices, then made into patties and fried, falafel. As an important part of Indian cuisine, it is used in salads, soups, stews, and curries. In 2023
Chickpea
Fruiting body of a subterranean ascomycete fungus
Romans used the terfez as a flavour carrier because the terfez tends to absorb surrounding flavours. Because Ancient Roman cuisine used many spices and flavourings
Truffle
Polity in Africa and Arabia before 960
Aksumite Empire, was a kingdom in the Horn of Africa and South Arabia from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages, based in what is now Eritrea and Northern
Kingdom_of_Aksum
Species of citrus plant
and mixed with jaggery and spices to make sweet spicy pickle. In the United States, citron is an important ingredient in holiday fruitcakes. A citron
Citron
European cultural period of the 14th to 17th centuries
antiquity. Associated with great change in art, architecture, politics, literature, exploration and technology, the Renaissance was first centered in
Renaissance
Imperial unit of mass equal to 14 pounds
name "stone" derives from the historical use of stones for weights, a practice that dates back into antiquity. The Biblical law against the carrying of
Stone_(unit)
Dried latex of the opium poppy containing narcotic compounds
be an important spice. Both Cato and Plauto wrote about its use as a spice, with archaeological evidence from seed cakes being found in ancient Roman farmhouses
Opium
City in Palestine
stopover on the spice trade route traversing the Red Sea. Settlement in the region of Gaza dates back to the ancient Egyptian fortress built in Canaanite territory
Gaza_City
Ancient port city in the Horn of Africa
an ancient port city and trading hub situated in the Horn of Africa during Classical and Late Antiquity. Avalites was one of the principal seaports and
Avalites
Biblical oil
(Hebrew: שֶׁמֶן אֲפַרְסְמוֹן šemen ʾăp̄arsəmōn) was a prized oil used in antiquity. The ancient Jewish community of Ein Gedi was known for its cultivation
Shemen_Afarsimon
English fermented condiment
baked beans. Fish-based fermented sauces, such as garum, date back to antiquity. In the seventeenth century, English recipes for sauces (typically to put
Worcestershire_sauce
Colonial empire between 1415 and 1999
developments in navigation, cartography, and maritime technology such as the caravel, with the aim of finding a sea route to the source of the lucrative spice trade
Portuguese_Empire
Biblical figure
name literally means "Cain's-Spices", with the Hebrew word Tū́ḇal (תובל) deriving from the word Tū́ḇlin (תבלין) meaning spices. Rashi states that he was
Tubal-cain
Country in Southern and Western Europe
Seville, Bilbao, Málaga, Murcia, Palma de Mallorca and Las Palmas. In early antiquity, the Iberian Peninsula was inhabited by Iberians, Celts, and other
Spain
Essential oil
deterioration of spices during storage. It is still sometimes also used to clarify emeralds. The cedarwood oil of the ancients, in particular the Sumerians
Cedar_oil
Purported ancient tribal confederation of the Late Bronze Age
Rameses III, now in the British Museum, Papyrus Harris no 1. London: British Museum, Department of Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities. pp. 28, 76. Sternberg-el
Sea_Peoples
Historical kingdom in the region of Kerala
"city of spices" for its role as the major trading point of eastern spices during the Middle Ages and probably as early as Classical antiquity. The port
Calicut_kingdom
Period between prehistory and the medieval era
from the beginning of writing and recorded human history through late antiquity. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the
Ancient_history
Tree bark tissue harvested for commercial use
natural material used by humans for over 5,000 years. It is a material whose applications have been known since antiquity, especially in floating devices
Cork_(material)
Species of plant
small oblong tetra-achenes. A plant called hyssop has been in use since classical antiquity. Its name is a direct adaptation from the Greek ὕσσωπος (hyssopos)
Hyssopus_officinalis
Dravidian ethnic group
preferred in the interiors. The Chettinadu cuisine is popular for its meat based dishes and generous usage of spices. The Kongunadu cuisine uses less spices and
Tamils
Study of meaning in language
words like bake, boil, spice, and pan. The context of an expression refers to the situation or circumstances in which it is used and includes time, location
Semantics
Type of sailing ship
classical antiquity are better understood than caravels are. The English name caravel derives from the Portuguese caravela. The word caravela in Portuguese
Caravel
Southeast Asian pickled vegetables
Indian achar was transmitted in antiquity to the maritime realm of Southeast Asia, which today is recognized as acar in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore
Acar
Records of Earth's people
empires in India. In West Africa, the Mali and Songhai Empires rose. On the southeast coast of Africa, Arabic ports were established where gold, spices, and
Human_history
Genus of plants
grown. Use of peppercorns as pungent spice is significant on an international scale. By classical antiquity, there was a vigorous trade of spices including
Piper_(plant)
Genus of flowering plants
provide sustenance." The root has been used since Egyptian antiquity in a honey-sweetened confection useful in the treatment of sore throat.[better source needed]
Althaea_(plant)
Ancient Greek ethnic group
Identity in the Archaic and Classical Periods". In Zacharia (2008).. Isaac, Benjamin H. (2004). The Invention of Racism in Classical Antiquity. Princeton
Ancient_Macedonians
Roman empress from 62 to 65 AD
wife to the future emperor Otho. The historians of antiquity describe her as a beautiful woman who used intrigues to become empress. The large Villa Poppaea
Poppaea_Sabina
North American Paleo-Indian archaeological culture
archaeology." The antiquity of humans in the New World was a controversial topic in the late 19th and early 20th century. Beginning in 1859, discoveries
Folsom_tradition
French stewed vegetable dish
Gujarat makes undhiyu, Kerala avial (with coconut and local spices), and Bengal shukto. In 2007, Walt Disney Pictures and Pixar Animation Studios released
Ratatouille
Pharaoh of Egypt from 1279 to 1213 BC
centimeters in length. White at the time of death, and possibly auburn during life, they have been dyed a light red by the spices (henna) used in embalming
Ramesses_II
Region of Italy
Alchermes liqueur) and panpepato (Christmas cake made with pepper, chocolate, spices, and almonds). An exhaustive list of the most important regional wines should
Emilia-Romagna
Human history in the Arabian Peninsula before 610 CE
Peninsula, along with the rise of the first kingdoms in the south. Arabia in late antiquity saw the growth of monotheistic religions, the rise and spread of the
Pre-Islamic_Arabia
a mix of spices. It is a single spice—sourced from the Caribbean tree Pimenta dioica, also known as pimenta, pimento, and Jamaican pepper in various places
List of common misconceptions about arts and culture
List_of_common_misconceptions_about_arts_and_culture
Municipality in Andalusia, Spain
with a strong Arab and Jewish heritage, which is reflected in its condiments and spices, such as cumin, coriander, nutmeg, cinnamon, raisins, almonds
Granada
Species of plant
evidence for human use of plants 28,000 years ago: starch residues on stone artefacts from the northern Solomon Islands". Antiquity. 66 (253): 898–912
Taro
travel, tourism, insurance
SPICE USE-IN-ANTIQUITY
SPICE USE-IN-ANTIQUITY
SPICE USE-IN-ANTIQUITY
SPICE USE-IN-ANTIQUITY
SPICE USE-IN-ANTIQUITY
SPICE USE-IN-ANTIQUITY
SPICE USE-IN-ANTIQUITY
SPICE USE-IN-ANTIQUITY
SPICE USE-IN-ANTIQUITY
travel, tourism, insurance