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Hypothetical physical entity
In physics, a string is a physical entity postulated in string theory and related subjects. Unlike elementary particles, which are zero-dimensional or
String_(physics)
Theory of subatomic structure
In physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called
String_theory
2006 string theory book by Lee Smolin
The Trouble with Physics: The Rise of String Theory, the Fall of a Science, and What Comes Next is a 2006 book by the theoretical physicist Lee Smolin
The_Trouble_with_Physics
researchers, string theory has developed into a broad and varied subject with connections to quantum gravity, particle and condensed matter physics, cosmology
History_of_string_theory
Aspect of theoretical physics
theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings theories. Type II string theory accounts
Type_II_string_theory
Hypothetical physical concept
Physics: The Rise of String Theory, the Fall of a Science, and What Comes Next. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-618-55105-7. Duff, M. J. (2011). "String
Theory_of_everything
American theoretical physicist
is a researcher in string theory, quantum gravity, supersymmetric quantum field theories, and other areas of mathematical physics. Witten's work has also
Edward_Witten
Framework of superstring theory
theory, the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called strings. String theory describes how strings propagate through
M-theory
Branch of physics
Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that uses mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to explain and predict natural
Theoretical_physics
American theoretical physicist (born 1940)
theoretical physics at Stanford University and founding director of the Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics. His research interests are string theory
Leonard_Susskind
Scientific field of study
the field of physics is called a physicist. Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines. Over much of the past two millennia, physics, chemistry,
Physics
Theory in theoretical physics
In theoretical physics, topological string theory is a version of string theory. Topological string theory appeared in papers by theoretical physicists
Topological_string_theory
Low energy theories not compatible with string theory
black hole physics, developments in string theory also suggests that there are universal principles shared among all the theories in the string landscape
Swampland_(physics)
Duality between theories of gravity on anti-de Sitter space and conformal field theories
nuclear and condensed matter physics by translating problems in those subjects into more mathematically tractable problems in string theory. The AdS/CFT correspondence
AdS/CFT_correspondence
Study of subatomic particles and forces
the current particle physics theory is not solved; many theories have addressed this problem, such as loop quantum gravity, string theory and supersymmetry
Particle_physics
Collection of possible string theory vacua
In string theory, the string theory landscape (or landscape of vacua) is the collection of possible false vacua, together comprising a collective "landscape"
String_theory_landscape
Pulling force transmitted axially
pulling or stretching force transmitted axially along an object such as a string, rope, chain, rod, truss member, or other object, so as to stretch or pull
Tension_(physics)
Topics referred to by the same term
Open string may refer to: Open string (music), a fundamental note of a stringed instrument Open string (physics), a string with endpoints in string theory
Open_string
Theory of strings with supersymmetry
is a shorthand for supersymmetric string theory because unlike bosonic string theory, it is the version of string theory that accounts for both fermions
Superstring_theory
American theoretical physicist (born 1963)
research on string theory. He is a professor of physics and mathematics at Columbia University, director of its center for theoretical physics, and the chairman
Brian_Greene
In physics and geometry: conjectured relation between pairs of Calabi–Yau manifolds
important role in modern physics, especially in string theory. Regardless of whether Calabi–Yau compactifications of string theory provide a correct description
Mirror symmetry (string theory)
Mirror_symmetry_(string_theory)
Formalism in string theory
String field theory (SFT) is a formalism in string theory in which the dynamics of relativistic strings is reformulated in the language of quantum field
String_field_theory
Description of gravity using discrete values
from cosmological observations and particle physics experiments become available. The central idea of string theory is to replace the classical concept
Quantum_gravity
Theory proposed by Roger Penrose
(2004). "Perturbative Gauge Theory as a String Theory in Twistor Space". Communications in Mathematical Physics. 252 (1–3): 189–258. arXiv:hep-th/0312171
Twistor_theory
Theories trying to extend known physics
Superfluid vacuum theory String theory Technicolor (physics) Theory of everything Unsolved problems in physics Unparticle physics "One can find thousands
Physics beyond the Standard Model
Physics_beyond_the_Standard_Model
International science award since 2012
networks to string theory". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 1, 2022. Retrieved May 1, 2022. "9 Scientists Receive a New Physics Prize". The
Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics
Breakthrough_Prize_in_Fundamental_Physics
Symmetry between bosons and fermions
supersymmetry: New constraints on the numbers of physical string states", Nuclear Physics B, 429 (3): 533–588, arXiv:hep-th/9402006, Bibcode:1994NuPhB
Supersymmetry
Principle in theoretical physics
nuclear and condensed matter physics by translating problems in those subjects into more mathematically tractable problems in string theory. The AdS/CFT correspondence
Holographic_principle
Speculative feature of the early universe
Sarangi, Saswat; Tye, S.-H.Henry (2002). "Cosmic string production towards the end of brane inflation". Physics Letters B. 536 (3–4): 185. arXiv:hep-th/0204074
Cosmic_string
Flexible structure made from fibers twisted together
of a string in physics is a one-dimensional extended entity. Biggest ball of twine Cord (sewing) Kite Quipu Rope Stampede string – a long string usually
String
American theoretical physicist (born 1955)
the University of Toronto. Smolin's 2006 book The Trouble with Physics criticized string theory's viability. He has made contributions to quantum gravity
Lee_Smolin
Technique in theoretical physics
compactifies time, in string theory where one compactifies the extra dimensions of the theory, and in two- or one-dimensional solid state physics, where one considers
Compactification_(physics)
Argentine physicist (born 1968)
then obtained his Ph.D. in physics at Princeton University after completing a doctoral dissertation titled "Black holes in string theory" under the supervision
Juan_Maldacena
American theoretical physicist (1923-2016)
problem, nuclear and particle physics, and later work outside mainstream theoretical physics including bit-string physics. He also became known as an opponent
H._Pierre_Noyes
Set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework
In physics, matrix string theory is a set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework. Type IIA string theory can be
Matrix_string_theory
Combinatorial Physics: a practical introduction, G. Duchamp, P. Blasiak, A. Horzela, K.A. Penson, A.I. Solomon Discrete and Combinatorial Physics Bit-String Physics:
Combinatorics_and_physics
Category of theories
historical discussions, classical physics refers to pre-1900 physics, while modern physics refers to post-1900 physics, which incorporates elements of quantum
Classical_physics
Italian theoretical physicist
physicist who works in the field of elementary particle physics, quantum field theory and string theory. Di Vecchia graduated from the University of Rome
Paolo_Di_Vecchia
Some of the major unsolved problems in physics are theoretical, meaning that existing theories are currently unable to explain certain observed phenomena
List of unsolved problems in physics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics
Indian physicist
theoretical physicist who specializes in string theory and black hole physics. Mathur is a professor in the Department of Physics at Ohio State University and a
Samir_D._Mathur
Theories in particle physics and cosmology
Brane cosmology refers to several theories in particle physics and cosmology related to string theory, superstring theory and M-theory. The central idea
Brane_cosmology
Branch of string theory
String phenomenology is a branch of theoretical physics that uses tools from mathematics and computer science to study the implications of string theory
String_phenomenology
Aspect of theoretical physics
In theoretical physics, type I string theory is one of five consistent supersymmetric string theories in ten dimensions. It is the only one whose strings
Type_I_string_theory
Book by Roger Penrose
Fashion, Faith, and Fantasy in the New Physics of the Universe is a book by mathematical physicist Roger Penrose, released in September 2016. The book
Fashion, Faith, and Fantasy in the New Physics of the Universe
Fashion,_Faith,_and_Fantasy_in_the_New_Physics_of_the_Universe
Condensed matter physics model involving only closed loops
In condensed matter physics, a string-net is an extended object whose collective behavior has been proposed as a physical mechanism for topological order
String-net_liquid
Class of symmetries in string theory
String duality is a class of symmetries in physics that link different string theories, theories which assume that the fundamental building blocks of
String_duality
Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale
so is string theory, which posits that the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called strings. String theory
Quantum_mechanics
American particle physicist and string theorist
1941) is an American theoretical physicist and string theorist. He shared the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics with Frank Wilczek and Hugh David Politzer "for
David_Gross
Quantum mechanical model based on mathematical matrices
Seiberg, Nathan; Witten, Edward (1999). "String Theory and Noncommutative Geometry". Journal of High Energy Physics. 1999 (9): 032. arXiv:hep-th/9908142.
Matrix_theory_(physics)
Hypothetical faster-than-light particle
physics, including the Ginzburg–Landau and BCS theories of superconductivity. Another example of a tachyonic field is the tachyon of bosonic string theory
Tachyon
Overview of and topical guide to physics
following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to physics: Physics – natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion
Outline_of_physics
Scientific subjects
physics, and molecular physics; optics and acoustics; condensed matter physics; high-energy particle physics and nuclear physics; and chaos theory and
Branches_of_physics
Branch of applied mathematics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for use in physics and their applications. A broader definition would include the development
Mathematical_physics
Stanford University research institute
Models of particle physics and cosmology, and on the nature and applications of our basic frameworks (quantum field theory and string theory) for attacking
Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics
Stanford_Institute_for_Theoretical_Physics
British physicist
British physicist and a pioneer of string theory. He is a professor of theoretical physics in the School of Physics and Astronomy at Queen Mary University
Michael_Green_(physicist)
Physics developed since 1900
Modern physics is a branch of physics that developed in the early 20th century and onward or branches greatly influenced by early 20th century physics. Notable
Modern_physics
Type of wave
A vibration in a string is a wave. Initial disturbance (such as plucking or striking) causes a vibrating string to produce a sound with constant frequency
String_vibration
American theoretical physicist, futurist and author
supersymmetry, and hadronic physics. In 1974, Kaku and Prof. Keiji Kikkawa of Osaka University co-authored the first papers describing string theory in a field
Michio_Kaku
theoretical physics, a string background refers to the set of classical values of quantum fields in spacetime that correspond to classical solutions of string theory
String_background
Subatomic particle having no substructure
sparticles will be detected by the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. String theory is a model of physics whereby all "particles" that make up matter are composed
Elementary_particle
Italian physicist (born 1951)
included mathematical physics, particle physics, and string theory. Nappi obtained the Diploma della Scuola di Perfezionamento in physics from the University
Chiara_Nappi
string theory topics. Strings Nambu–Goto action Polyakov action Bosonic string theory Superstring theory Type I string Type II string Type IIA string
List_of_string_theory_topics
Phenomenon in quantum chromodynamics
separated quark is not clear. Lund string model Gluon field strength tensor Asymptotic freedom Beta function (physics) Yang–Mills existence and mass gap
Color_confinement
American physicist
quantum field theory and string theory. Stanford was awarded the 2018 New Horizons in Physics Prize by Fundamental Physics Prize Foundation for his work
Douglas_Stanford
Physics. CTP activities range from string theory and cosmology at the highest energies down through unification and beyond-the-standard-model physics
MIT Center for Theoretical Physics
MIT_Center_for_Theoretical_Physics
American string theory and cosmologist
an American theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and string theorist. She is a professor of physics at Stanford University and director of the Modern Inflationary
Eva_Silverstein
Japanese-American nobel-winning physicist
theoretical physics, Nambu was the originator of the theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking, a concept that revolutionized particle physics. He was also
Yoichiro_Nambu
Subfield of astronomy
including string cosmology and astroparticle physics. Astronomy is an ancient science, long separated from the study of terrestrial physics. In the Aristotelian
Astrophysics
Temperature at which the partition function of a statistical-mechanical system diverges
Hagedorn transition and the number of degrees of freedom of string theory". Nuclear Physics B. 310 (2): 291. Bibcode:1988NuPhB.310..291A. doi:10
Hagedorn_temperature
Class of musical instruments with vibrating strings
In musical instrument classification, string instruments, or chordophones, are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when a performer
String_instrument
1999 book by Brian Greene
the two great pillars of modern physics, general relativity and quantum mechanics, and how they might be united by string theory. It was a finalist for
The_Elegant_Universe
Compact astronomical body
Telescope. Unsolved problem in physics Is physical information lost in black holes? More unsolved problems in physics According to the no-hair theorem
Black_hole
applications in enumerative geometry, random matrix theory, mathematical physics, string theory, knot theory. The topological recursion is a construction in
Topological_recursion
Feature of a system that is preserved under some transformation
all of the fundamental theories of modern physics. One of the most important examples of symmetry in physics is that the speed of light has the same value
Symmetry_(physics)
Extended physical object in string theory
Look up brane in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. In string theory and related theories (such as supergravity), a brane is a physical object that generalizes
Brane
Stretch rule String-net String-net liquid String (physics) String background String cosmology String duality String frame and Einstein frame String resonance
Index_of_physics_articles_(S)
Riemannian manifold with SU(n) holonomy
ISSN 0264-9381. Ruehle, Fabian (2020-01-21). "Data science applications to string theory". Physics Reports. 839: 1–117. Bibcode:2020PhR...839....1R. doi:10.1016/j
Calabi–Yau_manifold
Vietnamese theoretical physicist
physicist working in quantum chromodynamics, applications of string theory and many-body physics. Born in North Vietnam, Bac Ninh. Sơn attended HUS High School
Đàm_Thanh_Sơn
Modern theory of gravitation that combines supersymmetry and general relativity
were related by "string dualities", some of which relate weak string-coupling - perturbative - physics in one model with strong string-coupling - non-perturbative
Supergravity
Influence that can change motion of an object
In physics, a force is an action that can cause an object to change its velocity or its shape, or to resist other forces, or to cause changes of pressure
Force
1975 book by Fritjof Capra
The Tao of Physics: An Exploration of the Parallels Between Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism is a 1975 book by physicist Fritjof Capra. A bestseller
The_Tao_of_Physics
Aspect of theoretical physics
(2004). "Perturbative Gauge Theory As A String Theory In Twistor Space". Communications in Mathematical Physics. 1. 252 (1): 189–258. arXiv:hep-th/0312171
Twistor_string_theory
American theoretical physicist
Emil John Martinec (born 1958) is an American string theorist, a physics professor at the Enrico Fermi Institute at the University of Chicago, and director
Emil_Martinec
Hypothetical elementary particle that mediates gravity
relativity. This problem is avoided in string theory, which has the graviton as a massless state of a fundamental string, but that theory has not made sufficient
Graviton
Research center at Stony Brook University
the institute include: quantum field theory, string theory, conformal field theory, mathematical physics and statistical mechanics. The YITP is situated
C. N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics
C._N._Yang_Institute_for_Theoretical_Physics
Model of hadronization
In particle physics, the Lund string model is a phenomenological model of hadronization. It treats all but the highest-energy gluons as field lines, which
Lund_string_model
Book by Leonard Susskind
about contemporary physics in ways both unexpected and gratifying". Library Journal said that the book is able to explain String Theory and how it can
The_Cosmic_Landscape
American theoretical physicist (b. 1957)
Biographies portal Physics portal The Trouble with Physics Lee Smolin Woit, Peter (2011). Not Even Wrong: The Failure of String Theory and the Continuing
Peter_Woit
Process in particle physics
Tachyon condensation is a process in particle physics in which a system can lower its potential energy by spontaneously producing particles. The end result
Tachyon_condensation
Russian theoretical physicist
1989, at Princeton University, where he is the Joseph Henry Professor of Physics Emeritus. Polyakov is known for a number of fundamental contributions to
Alexander Polyakov (physicist)
Alexander_Polyakov_(physicist)
Unified field theory
In physics, Kaluza–Klein theory (KK theory) is an attempt at creating a unified field theory of gravitation and electromagnetism based on the idea of
Kaluza–Klein_theory
Historical development of physics
theories of the universe and in string theory. Under certain conditions, according to the strange accounting of Einsteinian physics, they can become suffused
History_of_physics
American physicist
who works on string theory. He is a professor at Stanford University and former director of the Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics. His brother
Stephen_Shenker
Theory of gravitation as curved spacetime
ISBN 978-0-521-45506-0 Schwarz, John H. (2007), "String Theory: Progress and Problems", Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement, 170: 214–226, arXiv:hep-th/0702219
General_relativity
made an important contribution to the field of physics. Five women have won the Nobel Prize in Physics, awarded annually since 1901 by the Royal Swedish
Women_in_physics
Equivalence of two physical theories
either quantum field theories or string theories. S-duality is useful for doing calculations in theoretical physics because it relates a theory in which
S-duality
Attraction of masses and energy
In physics, gravity (from Latin gravitas 'weight'), also known as gravitation or a gravitational interaction, is a fundamental interaction, which may
Gravity
Indian physicist (born 1956)
His main area of work is string theory. He was among the first recipients of the Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics "for opening the path to the
Ashoke_Sen
Physics research institute
matter physics, string theory, quantum physics, biophysics, and more. To date, sixty-six of the center's affiliates have won Nobel Prizes in Physics and
Aspen_Center_for_Physics
New Zealand physicist (born 1968)
1968) is a New Zealand professor of physics at the University of Toronto. Peet's research interests include string theory as a quantum theory of gravity
A._W._Peet
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