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Minimum age of eligible voters
legal voting age is the minimum age that a person is allowed to vote in a democratic process. Most nations use 18 years of age as their voting age, but
Voting_age
Right to vote in public and political elections
movement to lower the voting age is one aspect of the Youth rights movement. Demeny voting has been proposed as a form of proxy voting by parents on behalf
Suffrage
Method to make collective decisions
convention. Ranked voting Vote splitting Voter turnout Voting age Voting bloc Voting methods in deliberative assemblies Voting system Class voting Cosmopolitan
Voting
Time between childhood and adulthood
they are free to vote, have sexual intercourse, buy or consume alcoholic beverages or drive cars, etc. Voting age is the minimum age established by law
Youth
UK political advocacy campaign
Votes at 16 is a campaign in the United Kingdom which argues in favour of reducing the voting age to 16 for all public elections. The campaign espouses
Votes_at_16
New Zealand campaign for lowering the voting age
group led by youth in New Zealand that campaigns for the lowering the voting age in general and local elections to 16. Make It 16 was formed out of the
Make_It_16_(New_Zealand)
Age of adulthood defined in law
reaching the aforementioned age. Right to vote and to run for government office: although in some countries the minimum voting age may be lower and in other
Age_of_majority
US federal legislation
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark U.S. federal statute that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon
Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965
Right of every person to an equal say in politics
protect and expand the voting rights of all Americans, especially African Americans, through the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Voting Rights Act of 1965 and
Universal_suffrage
Lowered the voting age for legislative elections
known as The Constitution (Sixty-first Amendment) Act, 1988, lowered the voting age of elections to the Lok Sabha and to the Legislative Assemblies of States
Sixty-first Amendment of the Constitution of India
Sixty-first_Amendment_of_the_Constitution_of_India
1971 amendment granting suffrage to citizens aged 18
regards to setting their own rules about voting. Senator Harley Kilgore began advocating for a lowered voting age in 1941 in the 77th Congress. On October
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Twenty-sixth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
Minimum age for agreement to sexual activities
age minimums including, but not limited to, the age of majority, age of criminal responsibility, voting age, drinking age, and driving age. While age
Age_of_consent
government announced plans to reduce the voting age to 16 before the next general election. Extending the vote to 16- and 17-year-olds would add well over
Next United Kingdom general election
Next_United_Kingdom_general_election
Right of youth to vote
authoritarian state have lowered the voting age to between 16 and 18, while some advocates for children's suffrage hope to remove age restrictions entirely. According
Youth_suffrage
or indefinite) in the UK, who will be aged 16 or over on polling day can register to vote, as the age for voting in the Scottish Parliament and the Senedd
Elections in the United Kingdom
Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom
voting age was lowered from 21 to 18 in 1971 with the passing into law of the 26th amendment. Many states started to lower their minimum purchase age
History of alcohol minimum purchase age by U.S. jurisdiction
History_of_alcohol_minimum_purchase_age_by_U.S._jurisdiction
Type of proxy voting on behalf of children
Demeny voting, also called parental voting or family voting, is a type of proxy voting which allows parents or guardians to vote on the behalf of children
Demeny_voting
Practice of requiring all eligible citizens to register and vote in elections
Compulsory voting, also called universal civic duty voting or mandatory voting, is the requirement that registered voters participate in an election.
Compulsory_voting
Young person's transition from childhood to adulthood
and voting age is 18. This is also when citizens are legally considered an adult. The UK was the first country to lower these restrictions to age 18.
Coming_of_age
Natural number
18 is the age of majority, in which a minor becomes a legal adult. It is also the voting age, marriageable age, drinking age and smoking age in most countries
18_(number)
Equal rights movement
including voting age, child labor laws, the right to work, curfews, drinking age, smoking age, gambling age, age of consent, driving age, voting age, emancipation
Youth_rights
Lebanese-American activist (born 1964)
wave' of Republican wins in state races, Gabriel tweeted, "Raise the voting age to 21." on the social media platform Twitter. Because They Hate: A Survivor
Brigitte_Gabriel
Aspect of election history
calculated by dividing the total number of votes cast by the voting age population (VAP), or more recently, the voting eligible population (VEP). Voter turnout
Voter turnout in United States presidential elections
Voter_turnout_in_United_States_presidential_elections
restrictions on voting from 1885, and by 1902 most Australian residents who were not of European descent were explicitly or effectively excluded from voting and standing
Suffrage_in_Australia
2022. Voters voted on adding Article 1–1 to the Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China. Had it passed, the voting age would have
2022 Taiwanese constitutional referendum
2022_Taiwanese_constitutional_referendum
2022 New Zealand Supreme Court judgment
voting age of 18 was discriminatory. The court found that the provisions in the Electoral Act 1993 and Local Electoral Act 2001 that set the voting age
Make It 16 Incorporated v Attorney-General
Make_It_16_Incorporated_v_Attorney-General
Australian politician (born 1994)
In 2018, Steele-John introduced a bill to lower the voting age to sixteen. He argued that age would be in line with Austria, Argentina, Brazil and Scotland
Jordon_Steele-John
Act of Parliament in New Zealand
completely protected online voting". Stuff. Retrieved 12 August 2025. Hay, Karyn (20 October 2022). "Review recommends lowering voting age for local elections"
Local_Electoral_Act_2001
Person below a certain age prescribed by law
age of majority, but may also refer to a person under other legal age limits, such as the age of consent, marriageable age, driving age, voting age,
Minor_(law)
Proposed voting rights legislation
The John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2025 (H.R. 14) is proposed voting rights legislation named after civil rights activist John Lewis. The
John_Lewis_Voting_Rights_Act
1970 United States Supreme Court case
the uniform rule for absentee voting in presidential elections under Section 202, and that Congress lowering the voting age in federal elections from 21
Oregon_v._Mitchell
Amount of total eligible voters who vote in an election
constructed an estimation of the turnout against the 'voting eligible population' (VEP), instead of the 'voting age population' (VAP). For the American presidential
Voter_turnout
Legal criterion for gambling
The gambling age is an aspect of gambling law — the minimum age at which one can legally gamble in a certain jurisdiction. In some countries, gambling
Gambling_age
March 2025). "Is tactical voting more of a threat or opportunity for Reform UK?". YouGov. Retrieved 3 March 2025. "Voting Age". House of Commons Library
Opinion polling for the next United Kingdom general election
Opinion_polling_for_the_next_United_Kingdom_general_election
South Africans were allowed to vote, as non-whites had last taken part in a general election in 1953. The voting age for whites was also lowered from
1961 South African general election
1961_South_African_general_election
Fully grown animal
California gained the right to vote in school board elections. There is a growing movement to lower the voting age in the US and many other countries
Adult
Index of articles associated with the same name
Retirement age School leaving age Smoking age, the minimum legal age to purchase cigarettes Suitable age and discretion Voting age, the minimum legal age to be
Legal_age
American lawyer and politician (1928–2019)
opposition. In 1970, a new provision was added to the Voting Rights Act of 1965, lowering the voting age to 18 in all federal, state, and local elections.
Birch_Bayh
Danish referendum in 1953
electoral age being lowered from 25 to 23 years, also starting on 5 June. Voter turnout was 59.1% for the constitution question and 57.1% for the voting age question
1953 Danish constitutional and electoral age referendum
1953_Danish_constitutional_and_electoral_age_referendum
1984 U.S. law which indirectly raised the nationwide minimum drinking age to 21
lives. "Old enough to fight, old enough to vote," was a common slogan used by proponents of lowering the voting age. The slogan traced its roots to World War
National Minimum Drinking Age Act
National_Minimum_Drinking_Age_Act
state's voting age to eighteen years (which had already been accomplished federally the year prior by the 26th Amendment) and raised the minimum age to hold
1972 New Hampshire voting age referendum
1972_New_Hampshire_voting_age_referendum
Aspect of political history
personnel could vote regardless of age and despite not being resident at an address in New Zealand). Later, Parliament reduced the voting age further; in
History of voting in New Zealand
History_of_voting_in_New_Zealand
Process by which electors can vote prior to the scheduled election day
Early voting, also called advance polling or pre-poll voting, is a convenience voting process by which voters in a public election can vote before a scheduled
Early_voting
Discrimination due to age
the voting age was lowered to 16 in 2018 to vote in national and European Parliament elections. In the Netherlands, only an adult 18 years of age or older
Ageism
Natural number
psychology, adulthood starts at age 20. [citation needed] The traditional age of majority in Japan, although the voting age has been reduced to 18. Japanese
20_(number)
Electronic voting by country varies and may include voting machines in polling places, centralized tallying of paper ballots, and internet voting. Many countries
Electronic_voting_by_country
single non-transferable vote and cumulative voting have also been used since the late 20th century to correct for dilution of voting power and enable minorities
Voting rights in the United States
Voting_rights_in_the_United_States
1968 film by Barry Shear
platform to lower the voting age from 21 to 18, he and the Troopers appear, but Max stuns everyone by instead calling for the voting age to become 14, and
Wild_in_the_Streets
Minimum age for an elected governmental official
1970, the age requirement was 21 along with the voting age. To be appointed to the Senate (Upper House), one must be at least 30 years of age and under
Age_of_candidacy
The youth vote in the United States is the cohort of 18–24 year-olds as a voting demographic, though some scholars define youth voting as voters under
Youth vote in the United States
Youth_vote_in_the_United_States
not play an important role on the Island. The Isle of Man lowered its voting age from 18 to 16 in 2006. The House of Keys has 24 members, elected in a
Elections_in_the_Isle_of_Man
used a form of proportional representation, lowered the voting age to 20 and allowed women to vote for the first time. With the exception of the Social Democratic
1919_German_federal_election
and local elections. They were the first national elections since the voting age was lowered to 17, and the number of parliamentary constituencies was
2019 Greek parliamentary election
2019_Greek_parliamentary_election
United Kingdom laws reforming the electoral system
universal suffrage with a voting age of 21. In 1969, the United Kingdom became the first major democratic country to lower its age of franchise to 18 in the
Reform_Acts
including the 2024 general election. The UK government announced that the voting age will be lowered from 18 to 16 ahead of the next general election, fulfilling
List of United Kingdom general elections
List_of_United_Kingdom_general_elections
voters (37.7%) holding a majority of 1,257,499 votes (59.6%). Compulsory voting was introduced and the voting age was set at 25 years. Provincial senators were
Voting_rights_in_Belgium
Election to the 20th Dáil
in December 1972 and signed into law in January 1973, had reduced the voting age from 21 to 18. However, the electoral register would not be updated until
1973_Irish_general_election
Lower house of the Parliament of Bermuda
constituencies using first-past-the-post voting. Bermuda now has universal voting with a voting age of 18 years. Voting is non-compulsory. The presiding officer
House_of_Assembly_of_Bermuda
Concept of family law
treatment, marry, or exercise other rights (such as driving, voting, etc.) before reaching the age of majority, without parental consent. In special circumstances
Emancipation_of_minors
State election in Bavaria, Germany
election, a constitutional amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 and the passive voting age from 25 to 21. A ten percent electoral threshold
1970_Bavarian_state_election
Majority‑Minority Districts and the Voting Rights Act". Harvard Law Review: 250–300. Voting Rights Act of 1965, Pub. L. 89–110 Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1982
List of majority-minority United States congressional districts
List_of_majority-minority_United_States_congressional_districts
Southern Sudan and for the bicameral, 170-member Legislative Assembly. Voting Age limit is 18 years old and above. In 2010, the 2011 South Sudanese independence
Elections_in_South_Sudan
Australian politician (born 1954)
voted against a parliamentary motion to recognise intersex people. Hanson opposes lowering the voting age to 16 and supports raising the voting age from
Pauline_Hanson
Multi-winner electoral system
ticket voting. In Ireland and Malta, surplus votes are transferred as whole votes (there may be some randomness) and neither allows ticket voting. In Hare–Clark
Single_transferable_vote
Municipality and county elections in Norway
Regional Development announced that she was considering lowering the voting age from 18 to 16 in some municipalities as a trial. Three municipalities
2011 Norwegian local elections
2011_Norwegian_local_elections
American politician, Governor of Georgia (1907–1992)
he helped lead efforts to abolish the poll tax and to reduce Georgia's voting age to 18. Following his departure from office, he became a highly successful
Ellis_Arnall
British political scientist and an academic
Parliamentary voting behaviour in the UK House of Commons and House of Lords and secondly his opposition to a lowering of the UK voting age below 18. Cowley
Philip_Cowley
Constitutional convention in Ireland
elections; reducing the voting age to 17; review of the Dáil electoral system; giving citizens resident outside the State the right to vote in presidential elections
Constitutional Convention (Ireland)
Constitutional_Convention_(Ireland)
Requirement, and process, of a person's enrollment in order to vote in elections
ballot in order to vote. Voting can be done in Korean overseas missions. No registration is required: all Spanish citizens of voting age are listed in the
Voter_registration
the voting age was 25. In the newly established Republic of Turkey, the voting age was reduced to 18 due to the decreasing population. The voting age was
Parliamentary elections in Turkey
Parliamentary_elections_in_Turkey
August 11, 2024. "Nebraska Voting Age, Amendment 1 (1968)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 12, 2024. "North Dakota Lowering Voting Age Referendum, Number 4 (1968)"
1968_United_States_elections
districts. The Voting Age Amendment proposed lowering the age of suffrage to 18. It was defeated. Local elections were held. "OFFICIAL VOTE Cast at the GENERAL
1970_Illinois_elections
district's inhabitants voted overwhelmingly for President Barack Obama, preferring him to John McCain 60-39%. The new 9th district voting age population was 42
2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida
2012_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Florida
Election of Richard Nixon
presidential election after the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which began restoring voting rights to Black Americans in the South, who had
1968 United States presidential election
1968_United_States_presidential_election
Switzerland in 1979. The first four were held on 18 February on reducing the voting age to 18 (rejected), a popular initiative "for the promotion of footpaths
1979_Swiss_referendums
Indian election commissioner
reforms. The voting age was reduced to 18 during his tenure as Chief Election Commissioner. Also, the first steps towards use of Electronic Voting Machines
R._V._S._Peri_Sastri
Singaporean political party
voting age from the current 21 to 18 in line with international standards. In her speech, she criticised the current government policy on voting age as
Progress_Singapore_Party
State legislature in Perth, Australia
preferential voting system. As with all other Australian states and territories, voting is compulsory for all Australian citizens over the legal voting age of 18
Western Australian Legislative Assembly
Western_Australian_Legislative_Assembly
16- and 17-year-old voters will take part, following a law to reduce voting age to 16. The law was brought into force on 12 March 2008 and became effective
2008_Jersey_general_election
Public holiday on 27 April in South Africa
first national elections where everyone of voting age of over 18 from any race group, was allowed to vote. It is one of the twelve public holidays determined
Freedom_Day_(South_Africa)
Malaysian civil society organisation
which governs the minimum eligible age for voting in Malaysia but was not successful in reforming the minimum voting age at the time. After the 14th Malaysian
UNDI18
Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom reforming the electoral system
15) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that lowered the voting age to 18 years. This statute is sometimes called the Sixth Reform Act. The
Representation of the People Act 1969
Representation_of_the_People_Act_1969
Re-election of Richard Nixon
United States Constitution that lowered the national voting age to 18 from 21, most of the youth vote went to Nixon. This was the first election in American
1972 United States presidential election
1972_United_States_presidential_election
the voting age to 18. On June 22, 1970, President Richard Nixon signed an extension of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that required the voting age to be
Age discrimination in the United States
Age_discrimination_in_the_United_States
Revocation of the right of suffrage
this age. The most common voting age is 18, though some countries have minimum voting ages set as young as 16 or as old as 21.[citation needed] Voting in
Disfranchisement
Change in an electoral system
transferable voting, a two-round system (runoff voting), instant-runoff voting (alternative voting, ranked-choice voting, or preferential voting), instant
Electoral_reform
Ballot measure in the US Virgin Islands
A referendum on the voting age was held in the United States Virgin Islands on 3 November 1970. After the Legislature of the Islands requested a referendum
1970 United States Virgin Islands voting age referendum
1970_United_States_Virgin_Islands_voting_age_referendum
with compulsory voting. In protest at this and other changes to the franchise that left 60% of the voting age population unable to vote, the Hungarian
1920 Hungarian parliamentary election
1920_Hungarian_parliamentary_election
National legislature of Iceland
popular vote and the number of seats they received in the Althing, raising the number of members of the Althing to 49. In 1934, the voting age was also
Althing
media age verification laws by country School-leaving age Voting age Wikimedia Commons has media related to Age limitation. Adultism Ageism Age verification
List_of_age_restrictions
Parliament. In 2007, the voting age was lowered from 18 to 16 in all federal elections. Some states had already lowered the voting age for state and local
Elections_in_Austria
United States voter education program
Registration and Voting Participation Differences Between the Active Duty Military and Citizen Voting Age Population Registration and Voting Participation
Federal Voting Assistance Program
Federal_Voting_Assistance_Program
How voters decide how to vote
other psychological factors. Voting advice applications and avoidance of wasted votes through strategic voting can impact voting behavior. Citizens are not
Voting_behavior
Minimum age at which a person can legally purchase or drink alcoholic beverages
Rights Association Shoulder tap (alcohol) Voting age Youth rights Youth suffrage Youth "Minimum Legal Age Limits". IARD. January 2019. Retrieved 18 October
Legal_drinking_age
Re-election of Bill Clinton
being measured across the voting-eligible population rather than the voting-age population. Official source (popular vote): 1996 Official Presidential
1996 United States presidential election
1996_United_States_presidential_election
Switzerland in 1991. The first two were held on 3 March on lowering the voting age to 18, which was approved, and on a popular initiative on promoting public
1991_Swiss_referendums
Election of William Henry Harrison
electoral votes. Voter participation surged as white male suffrage became nearly universal, and a contemporary record of 42.4% of the voting age population
1840 United States presidential election
1840_United_States_presidential_election
voting age was 21; Wilson's government passed an amendment to the Representation of the People Act in 1969 to include eligibility to vote at the age of
1966 United Kingdom general election
1966_United_Kingdom_general_election
How the Amendments of the 1965 Voting Rights Act expanded through 2006
line vote of 220–210, with all Republicans voting against and all but one Democrat voting for. At the time, the For the People Act was awaiting a vote in
Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
Amendments_to_the_Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965
Method by which voters make a choice between options
plurality block voting may elect members of just one party so may be considered winner-take-all. In party block voting, voters can only vote for the list
Electoral_system
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