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Geometric representation of material yield
A yield surface is a five-dimensional surface in the six-dimensional space of stresses. The yield surface is usually convex and the state of stress of
Yield_surface
Phenomenon of deformation due to structural stress
{\displaystyle \sigma _{1},\sigma _{2},\sigma _{3}} ) with a yield surface or a yield criterion. A variety of yield criteria have been developed for different materials
Yield_(engineering)
Energy released in nuclear weapons explosions
The explosive yield of a nuclear weapon is the amount of energy released such as blast, thermal, and nuclear radiation, when that particular nuclear weapon
Nuclear_weapon_yield
Concept in physics
describe the Mohr–Coulomb yield surface. If we assume that the Drucker–Prager yield surface circumscribes the Mohr–Coulomb yield surface then the expressions
Drucker–Prager yield criterion
Drucker–Prager_yield_criterion
Science of predicting if, when, and how a given material will fail under loading
anisotropic yield criteria are: Hill's quadratic yield criterion Generalized Hill yield criterion Hosford yield criterion The yield surface of a ductile
Material_failure_theory
Behavior of soil under varying stresses
elasto-plastic, deforms as a continuum, and it is not affected by creep. The yield surface of the Cam clay model is described by the equation f ( p , q , p c )
Critical_state_soil_mechanics
Failure Theory in continuum mechanics
deviatoric stress. This equation defines the yield surface as a circular cylinder (See Figure) whose yield curve, or intersection with the deviatoric plane
Von_Mises_yield_criterion
Non-reversible deformation of a solid material in response to applied forces
uniaxial loading. A yield surface may be constructed, which provides a visual representation of this concept. Inside of the yield surface, deformation is
Plasticity_(physics)
Solid mechanics theory
_{0}} . Beyond the elastic limit the stress state always remains on the yield surface, i.e., σ = σ y {\displaystyle \sigma =\sigma _{y}} . Loading is defined
Flow_plasticity_theory
Study of irreversible deformation of rock
{\mathsf {C}}} is constant. Elastic limit (Yield surface). The elastic limit is defined by a yield surface that does not depend on the plastic strain
Rock_mass_plasticity
Amount of grapes or wine that is produced per unit surface of vineyard
viticulture, the yield is a measure of the amount of grapes or wine that is produced per unit surface of vineyard, and is therefore a type of crop yield. Two different
Yield_(wine)
Topics referred to by the same term
per unit area of land Yield (wine), the amount of grapes or wine that is produced per unit surface of vineyard Ecological yield, the harvestable population
Yield
accurate depiction of the yield surface. If a non-isomorphic pair is used for the meridional profile then the normal to the yield surface will not appear normal
Lode_coordinates
Plastic deformation descriptor
of the yield surface. For transversely isotropic materials with 1 − 2 {\displaystyle 1-2} being the plane of symmetry, the generalized Hill yield criterion
Hill_yield_criterion
Mathematical model in materials science
Mohr–Coulomb theory is a mathematical model (see yield surface) describing the response of brittle materials such as concrete, or rubble piles, to shear
Mohr–Coulomb_theory
Transverse road surface markings
Stop and yield lines are transverse road surface markings that inform drivers where they should stop or yield when approaching an intersection. In some
Stop_and_yield_lines
Behavior in continuum mechanics
kinematic hardening, which occurs when the stress state reaches the yield surface, is considered as the main mechanism behind ratcheting. Several factors
Ratcheting
Yield criterion
the Haigh–Westergaard stress space as a convex smooth surface. The Bigoni-Piccolroaz yield surface is thought as a direct interpolation of experimental
Bigoni–Piccolroaz yield criterion
Bigoni–Piccolroaz_yield_criterion
Theory in continuum mechanics
rate-independent yield surface upon application of a load and then allowed to relax back to the yield surface over time. The yield surface is usually assumed
Viscoplasticity
Yielding mechanism in polymers
The criterion assumes that for yield to not occur the stress coordinate must be contained within the cylindrical surface described by the following equation:
Crazing
(2005), Mechanical Behavior of Materials, p. 92, Cambridge University Press. Yield surface Yield (engineering) Plasticity (physics) Stress (physics)
Hosford_yield_criterion
French-American material scientist (born 1957)
Advanced Constitutive Modeling (PhD dissertation: Choi Ji Sik) Modeling of Yield Surface Evolution in Uniaxial and Biaxial Loading Conditions Using a Pre-strained
Frédéric_Barlat
The Willam–Warnke yield criterion is a function that is used to predict when failure will occur in concrete and other cohesive-frictional materials such
Willam–Warnke_yield_criterion
Top of a saturated aquifer
depths the crop suffers a yield decline. (where DWT = depth to water table in centimetres) A water table close to the surface affects excavation, drainage
Water_table
shaped yield surfaces. If σ c {\displaystyle \sigma _{c}} is the yield stress in uniaxial compression, σ t {\displaystyle \sigma _{t}} is the yield stress
Bresler–Pister yield criterion
Bresler–Pister_yield_criterion
Earth-penetrating nuclear weapon
compared to a surface burst or air burst explosion at or above the surface, and so can destroy an underground target using a lower explosive yield. This in
Nuclear_bunker_buster
strength theory (UST). proposed by Yu Mao-Hong is a series of yield criteria (see yield surface) and failure criteria (see Material failure theory). It is
Unified_strength_theory
circle and its application to elasto-plastic yielding. Stress path and yield surface Buckling Stiffness assembly and solution process in the finite element
VisualFEA
Mathematical representation of stress in continuum dynamics
such as the yield function, can be represented by surfaces in 'stress space. In particular, the surface represented by von Mises yield function is a
Stress_space
beam cross-sections, etc.[citation needed] Yield surface Stress–energy tensor Tensile stress von Mises yield criterion Huber, M. T. (1904). "Właściwa praca
Huber's_equation
1954 U.S. thermonuclear weapon test in the Marshall Islands
Castle Bravo was the first in a series of high-yield thermonuclear weapon design tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands
Castle_Bravo
French mechanical engineer
the Eiffel tower in Paris possible. Yield surface von Mises stress Mohr–Coulomb theory Adiabatic shear band Yield (engineering) Stress Strain 3-D elasticity
Henri_Tresca
Series of 1950s US nuclear tests
than the yield of the previous surface test, Cactus. The test was conducted in a large water tank. Within 17 minutes of the blast, surface clouds reached
Operation_Hardtack_I
key point in their analysis is the use of the ‘Bigoni & Piccolroaz yield surface’, previously developed, see Fig. 3. The mechanical model developed by
Compaction_of_ceramic_powders
Yield surface in rock mechanics
The Hoek–Brown failure criterion is an empirical stress surface that is used in rock mechanics to predict the failure of rock. The original version of
Hoek–Brown_failure_criterion
Two-dimensional manifold
surfaces: removing an open disc from a closed surface yields a compact surface with a circle for boundary component, and removing k open discs yields
Surface_(topology)
Series of 1950s US nuclear tests
(secondary coordinates) Operation Castle was a United States series of high-yield (high-energy) nuclear tests by Joint Task Force 7 (JTF-7) at Bikini Atoll
Operation_Castle
Physical quantity that expresses internal forces in a continuous material
friction loading Tensile strength Thermal stress Virial stress Yield (engineering) Yield surface Virial theorem Spall strength "12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic
Stress_(mechanics)
Cloud of debris and smoke from a large explosion
particles and for the deposited surface layers of larger particles. About 100 kg of small particles are formed per kiloton of yield. The volume, and therefore
Mushroom_cloud
Measure of the plastic anisotropy of a rolled sheet metal
{\displaystyle R_{45}} does not lead to an improvement in deep-drawability. Yield surface Lankford, W. T., Snyder, S. C., Bausher, J. A.: New criteria for predicting
Lankford_coefficient
System to specify locations on Earth
geodetic datum (including an Earth ellipsoid), as different datums will yield different latitude and longitude values for the same location. The invention
Geographic_coordinate_system
Residual radioactive material following a nuclear blast
beyond the blast and thermal effects, particularly in the case of high yield surface detonations. The ground track of fallout from an explosion depends on
Nuclear_fallout
Deformation of a metal surface due to friction
and plate's surface will return to their original, undeformed shape. In that case, the stresses in the plate are always less than the yield strength of
Burnishing_(metal)
mean. If repeated loading on the granular induces stress beyond the yield surface, three different cases may be observed. In case 1 the residual strain
Shakedown (continuum mechanics)
Shakedown_(continuum_mechanics)
Half-way model of an inverted sphere
sphere after having so rotated the Morin surface will yield a sphere whose outer surface is red and whose inner surface is green: a sphere which has been turned
Morin_surface
valid for all regions, both yielded and unyielded. Thus it avoids solving explicitly for the location of the yield surface, as was done by Beris et al
Bingham-Papanastasiou_model
Molecular property
the theory of these variables also yields some interesting effects that concern the practicality of adhesive surfaces in relation to their surroundings
Adhesion
Curve representing a material's response to applied forces
many of the properties of a material, such as the Young's modulus, the yield strength, and the ultimate tensile strength. Generally speaking, curves
Stress–strain_curve
Nuclear warhead used by the US
XW-31Y2 (for yield 2). The Honest John was a short-range surface-to-surface tactical ballistic rocket used by the US Army. Three yield variants, also
W31
Mathematics of smooth surfaces
of surfaces deals with the differential geometry of smooth surfaces with various additional structures, most often, a Riemannian metric. Surfaces have
Differential geometry of surfaces
Differential_geometry_of_surfaces
different characteristics of the model (e.g. stress, displacements, yield surface etc.) and use these results in the design process. This is so called
Interval_finite_element
Study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases
It includes the fields of surface chemistry and surface physics. Some related practical applications are classed as surface engineering. The science encompasses
Surface_science
Analytical technique used specifically in the study of surfaces
element, analysis of the ejected electrons can yield information about the chemical composition of a surface. Figure 1 illustrates two schematic views of
Auger_electron_spectroscopy
Taiwanese professor in engineering science
(Aristoteles Philippidis), with a dissertation titled "The Investigation of Yield Surface by Dislocation Mechanics". He joined Rutgers University as an Assistant
George_J._Weng
Integration over a non-flat region in 3D space
partial derivatives of r(s, t), and is known as the surface element (which would, for example, yield a smaller value near the poles of a sphere, where the
Surface_integral
understanding of when yield will occur. A number of different models for stress distribution and approximations to the yield surface of plastic materials
Structural_engineering_theory
Series of 1950s US nuclear tests
almost 500 times the yield of the bomb dropped on Nagasaki, resulting in the total vaporization of the island. Eight megatons of the yield were from fast fission
Operation_Ivy
Most powerful nuclear weapon ever tested
Tested on 30 October 1961, the test verified new design principles for high-yield thermonuclear charges, allowing nuclear explosives "of practically unlimited
Tsar_Bomba
Soil material that is ordinarily a solid behaving like a thick liquid
simulated using a generalized plasticity theory that is composed of a yield surface along with a non-associated flow rule. Pressures generated during large
Soil_liquefaction
Point at which water emerges from an aquifer to the surface
which groundwater emerges from an aquifer and flows across the ground surface as surface water. It is a component of the hydrosphere, as well as a part of
Spring_(hydrology)
Closed surface in three-dimensional space
A Gaussian surface is a closed surface in three-dimensional space through which the flux of a vector field is calculated; usually the gravitational field
Gaussian_surface
Class of units of measurement for explosive energy
describe the yield of nuclear weapons. The 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki used the Little Boy and Fat Man bombs, with yields of 15 and 20
TNT_equivalent
Manufacturing process used to create integrated circuits
and can help achieve higher yields since smaller dies have a lower chance of having a defect, due to their lower surface area on the wafer. However, smaller
Semiconductor device fabrication
Semiconductor_device_fabrication
French thermonuclear bomb warhead
underneath the Rafale aircraft. Each TNA has a yield of 300 kilotonnes. Specifications: Thermonuclear weapon Yield from 100 to 300 kiloton Insensitive explosives
TNA (Airborne nuclear warhead)
TNA_(Airborne_nuclear_warhead)
Water-repellant coating
A superhydrophobic coating is a thin surface layer that repels water. It is made from superhydrophobic (also known as ultrahydrophobic) materials, and
Superhydrophobic_coating
Multi-stage fusion-fission nuclear weapon
of the metallic surface of the secondary stage as possible, so it compresses the secondary efficiently, maximizing the fusion yield. Plastic foam has
Thermonuclear_weapon
Mathematical concept
becomes catenoidal. Defining these surfaces on rectangular tori of arbitrary dimensions yields the Costa surface. Its discovery triggered research and
Costa's_minimal_surface
Extraction of chemical compounds from coffee grounds
smaller grain size produces more surface area and faster extraction. A longer brewing time results in a higher yield. French press coffee is often brewed
Coffee_extraction
terms "multiple use" and "sustained yield" as follows: Multiple use - the "management of all the various renewable surface resources of the national forests
Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960
Multiple-Use_Sustained-Yield_Act_of_1960
Landform in Aberdeenshire, Scotland
yield surface runoff that drains into Cowton Burn. Curlethney Hill is situated approximately 0.9 kilometers to the east of Meikle Carewe Hill Surface
Meikle_Carewe_Hill
Low-yield thermonuclear weapon
officially defined as a type of enhanced radiation weapon (ERW), is a low-yield thermonuclear weapon designed to maximize lethal neutron radiation in the
Neutron_bomb
Nuclear bomb
variable-yield fission weapon that used a levitated pit and an implosion design with 92 high-explosive lenses. The weapon had multiple yields of 8, 19
Mark_7_nuclear_bomb
American engineer
R. Hughes, Stress-point algorithm for a pressure-sensitive multiple-yield-surface plasticity theory, Unknown Binding, Available from National Technical
Thomas_J.R._Hughes
quantum yield is that all photons are absorbed on the semiconductor surface, and the quantum yield is referred to as the apparent quantum yield. This assumption
Surface properties of transition metal oxides
Surface_properties_of_transition_metal_oxides
Type of mining in which the soil/rock above mineral deposits is removed
Surface mining, including strip mining, open-pit mining and mountaintop removal mining, is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying
Surface_mining
quantum yield due to surface related trap states. CSSNCs address this problem because the shell increases quantum yield by passivating the surface trap states
Core–shell semiconductor nanocrystal
Core–shell_semiconductor_nanocrystal
Stress characteristics of materials
material. For example, an increase in tensile yield strength occurs at the expense of compressive yield strength. The effect is named after German engineer
Bauschinger_effect
Chinese engineer
professor. He is noted for his research on the strength criteria and yield surfaces of isotropic materials. His unified strength theory (UST) has found
Yu_Mao-Hong
Stresses which remain in a solid material after the original cause is removed
the yield strength (in the heated state) would yield or deform. This leaves the material with residual stresses that are at most as high as the yield strength
Residual_stress
Compact astronomical body
times the radius of the Sun would not let any emitted light escape; the surface escape velocity would exceed the speed of light. Michell correctly hypothesized
Black_hole
Polish mechanical engineer (1872–1950)
Gdynia. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maksymilian Tytus Huber. Yield surface Stress–energy tensor Maxwell–Huber–Hencky–von Mises theory Witold Nowacki
Tytus_Maksymilian_Huber
Series of 1950s US nuclear tests
last two tests, Operation Jangle, evaluated the cratering effects of low-yield nuclear devices. This series preceded Operation Tumbler–Snapper and followed
Operation_Buster–Jangle
US Nuclear bomb
low-to-intermediate yield strategic and tactical nuclear weapon featuring a two-stage radiation implosion design. The B61 is of the variable yield ("dial-a-yield" in
B61_nuclear_bomb
Set of points equidistant from a center
A sphere (from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra) 'ball') is a surface analogous to the circle, a curve. In solid geometry, a sphere is the set of points
Sphere
Physical Process
Surface diffusion is a general process involving the motion of adatoms, molecules, and atomic clusters (adparticles) at solid material surfaces. The process
Surface_diffusion
Surface created by rotating a curve about an axis
A surface of revolution is a surface in Euclidean space created by rotating a curve (the generatrix) one full revolution around an axis of rotation (normally
Surface_of_revolution
Konstantinovich Fyodorov Yevgeny Zababakhin Yevgeny Zavoisky Yield curve (physics) Yield surface Yilmaz theory of gravitation Yoel Rephaeli Yoichiro Nambu
Index_of_physics_articles_(Y)
In mathematics, a Riemann surface
will yield the conjectured result in the introduction. This conjecture is based on extensive numerical computations of eigenvalues of the surface and other
Bolza_surface
American high-yield nuclear gravity bomb
that penetrates the surface to deliver much more of its explosive energy into the ground, and therefore needs a much smaller yield to produce the same
B53_nuclear_bomb
Geometric figure
a mylar balloon is a surface of revolution. While a sphere is the surface that encloses a maximal volume for a given surface area, the mylar balloon
Mylar_balloon_(geometry)
Pavement surface treatment
small stones used as surface yield a relatively even surface without the edges of patches, it also results in a very rough surface that leads to louder
Chipseal
which the yield is unknown. As declared so by the nation testing; some may have been dual use. Tests which violate the PTBT – atmospheric, surface, barge
List_of_nuclear_weapons_tests
Series of 1950s US nuclear tests
weapon or warhead damaged in an accident would detonate with a nuclear yield, even if some or all of the high explosive components burned or detonated
Project_56_(nuclear_test)
1957 open-air nuclear test at the Nellis Air Force Range in Nevada, United States
were to verify that no yield would result, study the extent of plutonium contamination, and to develop methods of both surface decontamination and biomedical
Project_57
Catalysts used in industry
formation of an intermediate: Redox mechanism: Water dissociation that yields surface oxygen atoms which react with CO to produce CO2: It is not said that
Industrial_catalysts
Unsustainable extraction of groundwater
overdrafting is the process of extracting groundwater beyond the equilibrium yield of an aquifer. Groundwater is one of the largest sources of fresh water
Groundwater_depletion
System of building very large integrated circuit networks
higher number of working chips or higher yield, the lower the cost of each individual chip. In order to maximize yield, one wants to make the chips as small
Wafer-scale_integration
Total surface of a finely divided solid per unit of mass
between the specific surface area and the resistance to gas-flow of a porous bed of powder. The method is simple and quick, and yields a result that often
Specific_surface_area
Hypothetical climatic effect of nuclear war
climate change. The implications for civil defense of numerous surface bursts of high yield hydrogen bomb explosions on Pacific Proving Ground islands such
Nuclear_winter
Self-intersecting compact surface, an immersion of the real projective plane
Kusner's parametrization yields all these. The Oberwolfach Research Institute for Mathematics has a large model of a Boy's surface outside the entrance,
Boy's_surface
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YIELD SURFACE
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YIELD SURFACE
YIELD SURFACE
YIELD SURFACE
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