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Medieval Circassian kingdom
Zichia (/ˈzɪkiə/; Medieval Circassian: Адзыгъуей, Adyghe: Адыгей) was the predecessor of Circassia and a medieval kingdom on the northeastern shore of
Zichia
Former country and region in Eastern Europe
Circassia (/sərˈkæʃə/ sər-KASH-ə), also known as Zichia, was a country and a historical region in Eastern Europe. It spanned the western coastal portions
Circassia
Republic of Russia in the North Caucasus
known as Zichia, a medieval Circassian kingdom located on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea. Historical sources first mention Zichia in the 6th
Kabardino-Balkaria
Mongol conquest of Northern Caucasia
The Mongol invasion of Circassia and Alania was the invasion of Zichia (Circassia) and Alania by the Mongol Empire in 1237. William of Rubruck, who travelled
Mongol_invasion_of_Circassia
Circassian Uprising against Golden Horde 1319-1327
military engagements between the Mongol-led Golden Horde and the Circassians (Zichia). During this period, the Golden Horde, under Uzbek Khan, attempted to suppress
Circassian–Golden Horde War (1319–1327)
Circassian–Golden_Horde_War_(1319–1327)
the Kingdom of Georgia. A center of Christianity in the region known as Zichia, Nikopsis was at times a Byzantine bishopric and was believed to be a burial
Nicopsis
Series of wars
campaign against Zichia. According to information preserved in the Khobi Monastery records, Vameq I Dadiani led an invasion into Zichia, which was described
Circassian–Georgian_wars
Historical region of Circassia
century, the Diocese of Zichia was elevated to metropolitan status. From 1318 onward, sources mention an independent Zichia metropolis known as "Zicho-Matarch
Ubykhia
Northwest Caucasian ethnic group
Circassian peoples. In the medieval era, there was a Circassian kingdom called Zichia (Adyghe: Адзыгъэй; Greek: Ζιχία) or Zekchia. In 1382, Circassian slaves
Circassians
Ethnic stereotype
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian_beauty
Social movement in 19th century Circassia
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
National_Oath
city of Copa. The principality was part of the confederative structure of Zichia. Information about the principality comes from Genoese sources. The Circassian
Principality_of_Copa
Folklore of the North Caucasus
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Nart_saga
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Kabardians
Extinct Circassian tribe
powers of Circassia (Zichia). Its capital city Matrega functioned as the main port, trade, and Catholic Christian center of Zichia, since it was hosting
Hytuk
Extinct Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Kheghache
Religious beliefs in Circassia
century, the Diocese of Zichia was elevated to metropolitan status. From 1318 onward, sources mention an independent Zichia metropolis known as "Zicho-Matarch
Religion_in_Circassia
Town in Crimea
hagiography of Apostle Andrew places "Upper Sougdaia" elsewhere, between Zichia and the Cimmerian Bosporus, "in the land of the Alans", while the hagiographer
Sudak
First-level administrative division of Russia
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Adygea
Branch of the Circassian diaspora in Syria
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Syria
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
International Circassian Association
International_Circassian_Association
1395 battle of Tokhtamysh–Timur war
47.450°E / 43.583; 47.450 Result Timurid victory Belligerents Timurid Empire Golden Horde Alans Zichia Simsim Commanders and leaders Timur Tokhtamysh
Battle_of_the_Terek_River
Georgian) Date Capital Territory Abkhazia by 8th century Tskhumi Abkhazia, Zichia Argveti by 8th century Shorapani upper Imereti Hereti by 1010 Khornabuji
Saeristavo
Branch of the Circassian diaspora in Jordan
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Jordan
Historical ethnic group of the Sea of Azov
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Maeotians
The letter of Pope John XXII, addressed to the Grand Prince Verzacht of Zichia (Circassia), dates back to 1333, in which the Roman pontiff thanked the
Rulers_of_Circassia
Circassian diaspora in Israel
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Israel
Moral code of the Circassian people
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Adyghe_Khabze
Forced migration (muhajir) of the Circassian people to the Ottoman Empire
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian_genocide
Ancient nation in the Western Caucuses
subsequently replaced with the names of several Circassian tribes, confirm this. Zichia Kassogians Circassia William Smith, LLD. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
Zygii
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Shapsugs
Caucasian ethnic group
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Ubykh_people
Political party
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Pluralist Democracy Party (Turkey)
Pluralist_Democracy_Party_(Turkey)
Circassian Conference in Tbilisi in March 2010
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Hidden Nations, Enduring Crimes
Hidden_Nations,_Enduring_Crimes
Georgian Orthodox monastery in western Georgia
brought by Vameq I Dadiani (died 1396) from his victorious campaign against Zichia. These pieces of stonemasonry, some of them of Byzantine origin and dating
Khobi_Monastery
Tughlaq dynasty Moghulistan (Eastern Chagatai) Golden Horde Blue Horde Alans Zichia Simsim Vainakhs Circassians Russians Kingdom of Georgia Nakh peoples Ismailists
List of wars involving Iran (before 1979)
List_of_wars_involving_Iran_(before_1979)
Culinary traditions of Circassia
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian_cuisine
First-level administrative division of Russia
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Karachay-Cherkessia
Part of the Circassian genocide
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
A Petition from Circassian leaders to Her Majesty Queen Victoria
A_Petition_from_Circassian_leaders_to_Her_Majesty_Queen_Victoria
Branch of the Circassian diaspora in Turkey
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Turkey
National flag of the Circassians
Ottoman flag, symbolizing the transfer of authority. 16th c. Zichia The banner attributed to Zichia in a Portolan chart "Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea
Circassian_flag
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Abzakhs
Branch of the Circassian diaspora in Iraq
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Iraq
Dzhubga. A 1480 map by Grazioso Benincasa uses the term "Sanna Zichia" ("Zhane Zichia"), showing that Italian cartographers saw the Zhane principality
Principality_of_Zhane
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Hatuqay
Circassian warrior clan
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Hakuchey
Circassian against Golden Horde 1492
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Pyatigorsk_War
Northwest Caucasian language natively spoken by Circassians
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Kabardian_language
Invasions of the territory of modern Chechnya and Ingushetia
control of the lowlands Belligerents Mongol Empire Durdzuketia Simsim Alania Zichia Lezgins Commanders and leaders Subutai Jebe Möngke Khan Ors Ela Botur
Mongol invasions of Chechnya and Ingushetia
Mongol_invasions_of_Chechnya_and_Ingushetia
Armed conflict in the Caucasus (1763–1864)
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Russo–Circassian_War
Northwest Caucasian language
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Adyghe_language
Extinct Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Ademey
inhabiting that area since at least the 6th century BCE, then known as Zichia. Balkars were part of Alania and one of the Vainakh tribes, who were influenced
History_of_Kabardino-Balkaria
Historical principality and province of Circassia
Russian sphere 1852 – 1863 • Disestablished 1863 Preceded by Succeeded by Zichia Russian Empire Today part of Russia (Republic of Adygea, Krasnodar Krai)
Principality_of_Hatuqay
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Chemguys
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian_nationalism
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian_music
Annual commemoration of Circassian genocide victims (21 May)
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian_Day_of_Mourning
Ethnic group
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Iran
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Zhane_tribe
Historical ethnic Circassian minority in Romania
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Romania
Khan of the Golden Horde from 1287 to 1291
ordered Nogai to join his forces in a great raid, and attacked the Kingdom of Zichia (Circassia). The campaign was militarily successful, as the Mongol armies
Talabuga
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Mamkhegh
Ethnic religion of the Circassian people
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian_paganism
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Bzhedugs
Ethnic group
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Bulgaria
Egyptians of partial or full ethnic Circassian origin
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Egypt
overthrown 14th century Vameq's invasion of Jiketi Duchy of Mingrelia Kingdom of Zichia Victory 1386-1403 Timurid invasions of Georgia Kingdom of Georgia Timurid
List of wars involving Georgia (country)
List_of_wars_involving_Georgia_(country)
Circassian association opposed to the Russian authoritarianism
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
KAFFED
Ethnic group in Kosovo
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Kosovo
Notable people of Circassian origin
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
List_of_Circassians
Resettled Circassian community largely formed following the Russo-Circassian War
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian_diaspora
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Natukhajs
Legendary Circassian king
established Successor Various princes self-proclaim themselves Born Taman, Zichia Died Grand Principality of Circassia Burial Unknown, allegedly Inal-Quba
Inal_the_Great
Extinct Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Chebsin
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian_Revolution
Ethnic group
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Germany
List of wars between Crimera and Circassian tribes
Kalmyk Khanate (1734) Circassia States and Tribes: Shapsug Natukhaj Kabardia Zichia Bzhedug Hatuqay Makhosh Besleney Chemguy Zhaney Supported by: Tsardom of
Crimean–Circassian_wars
Circassian nationalist charitable organization in the Ottoman Empire
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassian Union and Charity Society
Circassian_Union_and_Charity_Society
Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Yedjeruqay
Circassian diaspora in Cyprus
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Circassians_in_Cyprus
Extinct Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Makhosh
1861–64 legislature of Circassia
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Parliament of Independence (Circassia)
Parliament_of_Independence_(Circassia)
Extinct Circassian tribe
Ancient Maykop culture Maeotians Zygii Medieval Mongol invasion of Circassia Zichia Inal the Great Modern Circassia Circassian slave trade Russo-Circassian
Guaye
VIII. Sochi and its inhabitants were later part of the region knows as Zichia after the dissolution of the Georgian kingdom. The native inhabitants of
History_of_Sochi
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