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Experimental element which is not changed throughout the experiment
A control variable (or scientific constant) in scientific experimentation is an experimental element which is constant (controlled) and unchanged throughout
Control_variable
Binning data according to measured values of the variable
models, controlling for a variable means binning data according to measured values of the variable. This is typically done so that the variable can no
Controlling_for_a_variable
Concept in mathematical modeling, statistical modeling and experimental sciences
variables, on the other hand, are not seen as depending on any other variable in the scope of the experiment in question. Rather, they are controlled
Dependent and independent variables
Dependent_and_independent_variables
How software progresses through its implementation
In software, control flow (or flow of control) describes how execution progresses from one command to the next. In many contexts, such as machine code
Control_flow
Automobile variable valve timing technology
VVC (Variable Valve Control) is an automobile variable valve timing technology developed by Rover and applied to some high performance variants of the
Variable_Valve_Control
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Variable, variable, or variables in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Wikiversity has learning resources about Variable Variable may refer to:
Variable
Methods employed to reduce error in science tests
scientific control is an element of an experiment or observation designed to minimize the influence of variables other than the independent variable under
Scientific_control
Variable structure control (VSC) is a form of discontinuous nonlinear control. The method alters the dynamics of a nonlinear system by application of
Variable_structure_control
Type of adjustable-speed drive
drive, variable voltage variable frequency drive, VVVF drive, or drive) is a type of AC motor drive (system incorporating a motor) that controls speed
Variable-frequency_drive
System that manages the behavior of other systems
control a process or operation. The control system compares the value or status of the process variable (PV) being controlled with the desired value or setpoint
Control_system
Control loop feedback mechanism
a control variable u ( t ) {\displaystyle u(t)} , such as the opening of a control valve, to a new value determined by a weighted sum of the control terms
PID_controller
Named container for a particular type of data
Alternatively, a variable with dynamic scope is resolved at run-time, based on a global binding stack that depends on the specific control flow. Variables only accessible
Variable (high-level programming language)
Variable_(high-level_programming_language)
Topics referred to by the same term
"confounding variables" are minimised to reduce error Control variables, variables which are kept constant during an experiment Biological pest control, a natural
Control
User-definable variable associated with each running process in many operating systems
environment variable is a user-definable value that can affect the way running processes will behave on a computer. Environment variables are part of
Environment_variable
Branch of engineering and mathematics
process variable, called the error signal, or SP-PV error, is applied as feedback to generate a control action to bring the controlled process variable to
Control_theory
Automobile variable valve timing technology
Variable Valve Timing & Lift Electronic Control (VTEC) is a valve system developed by Honda to improve the volumetric efficiency of a four-stroke internal
VTEC
Terminology of mechanical respiration
targeting schemes. The target variable should not be confused with the cycle variable or the control variable. The target variable only sets an upper limit
Nomenclature of mechanical ventilation
Nomenclature_of_mechanical_ventilation
Internal combustion engine technology
In internal combustion engines, a variable-length intake manifold (VLIM),variable intake manifold (VIM), or variable intake system (VIS) is an automobile
Variable-length intake manifold
Variable-length_intake_manifold
Binary feedback controller
example of a bang–bang control signal. Due to the discontinuous control signal, systems that include bang–bang controllers are variable structure systems,
Bang–bang_control
Advanced method of process control
{\displaystyle i} th controlled variable (e.g. measured temperature) r i {\displaystyle r_{i}} : i {\displaystyle i} th reference variable (e.g. required temperature)
Model_predictive_control
Probabilistic optimal control
observation of the state variables. Stochastic control aims to design the time path of the controlled variables that performs the desired control task with minimum
Stochastic_control
Psychological theory
Perceptual control theory (PCT) is a model of behavior based on the properties of negative feedback control loops. A control loop maintains a sensed variable at
Perceptual_control_theory
Control paradigm in which errors are measured before they can affect a system
system itself may vary unpredictably. In a feed-forward system, the control variable adjustment is not error-based. Instead it is based on knowledge about
Feed_forward_(control)
Fundamental building block of control systems
and the final control element (FCE) which controls the process necessary to automatically adjust the value of a measured process variable (PV) to equal
Control_loop
based on three key attributes: the control variable, the breath sequence, and the targeting scheme. The control variable is the parameter directly regulated
Modes of mechanical ventilation
Modes_of_mechanical_ventilation
Electronic amplifier that varies its gain depending on a control input
In the context of audio electronics, a variable-gain amplifier (VGA) is one and the same as a voltage-controlled amplifier (VCA). A VCA is an electronic
Variable-gain_amplifier
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
balancer shafts instead of machined-in bearing surfaces, computer-controlled variable oil and water pumps, a split circuit cooling system enabling fast
Ingenium_engine_family
Linear feedback control system
control, in engineering and process control, is a type of linear feedback control system in which a correction is applied to the controlled variable,
Proportional_control
Statistical technique to use observational data for causal analysis
versus a "control group" in a natural experiment. It calculates the effect of a treatment (i.e., an explanatory variable or an independent variable) on an
Difference_in_differences
Function used in optimal control theory
a vector of control variables. Once initial conditions x ( t 0 ) = x 0 {\displaystyle \mathbf {x} (t_{0})=\mathbf {x} _{0}} and controls u ( t ) {\displaystyle
Hamiltonian_(control_theory)
Value of a given part of a monitored or controlled process
In control theory, a process variable (PV; also process value or process parameter) is the current measured value of a particular part of a process which
Process_variable
Target value for the process variable of a control system
and control theory, a setpoint (SP; also set point) is the desired or target value for an essential variable, or process value (PV) of a control system
Setpoint_(control_system)
Science and research term
etc.). Attributes are closely related to variables. A variable is a logical set of attributes. Variables can "vary" – for example, be high or low. How
Variable and attribute (research)
Variable_and_attribute_(research)
Technique for increasing the precision of estimates in Monte Carlo experiments
is also known as regression sampling. When the expectation of the control variable, E [ t ] = τ {\displaystyle \mathbb {E} \left[t\right]=\tau } , is
Control_variates
Bias in causal inference
and detect confounding, making it possible to identify when a variable must be controlled for in order to obtain an unbiased estimate of a causal effect
Confounding
Control flow construct for executing code repeatedly
transforming it into a new list.[citation needed] A loop counter is a control variable that controls the iterations of a loop. Loop counters change with each iteration
Loop_(statement)
Radio frequency absorption
overcome the effects of rain fade are site diversity, uplink power control, variable rate encoding, and receiving antennas larger than the requested size
Rain_fade
Control systems and control theory based on negative feedback
control are control systems and control theory based on negative feedback for producing a control signal to maintain the controlled process variable (PV)
Linear_control
Limits to safe impact on the Earth ecology
very small increment for a control variable (like CO2) triggers a larger, possibly catastrophic, change in the response variable (global warming) through
Planetary_boundaries
Automotive transmission technology
A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is an automatic transmission that can change through a continuous range of gear ratios, typically resulting
Continuously variable transmission
Continuously_variable_transmission
Multiple ways for multi-joint objects to realize a movement
studies investigate which variables the nervous system controls, which variables are less tightly controlled, and how this control is implemented. Common
Degrees_of_freedom_problem
Feedback controller
sensors, control algorithms, and actuators is arranged in an attempt to regulate a variable at a setpoint (SP). An everyday example is the cruise control on
Closed-loop_controller
Method in nonlinear control theory
in the state space. Hence, sliding mode control is a variable structure control method. The multiple control structures are designed so that trajectories
Sliding_mode_control
Design of tasks
dependent variables, also referred to as "output variables" or "response variables." The experimental design may also identify control variables that must
Design_of_experiments
Use of various control systems for operating equipment
described a number of automatic controls. Two-step level controls for fluids, a form of discontinuous variable structure controls, were developed by the Banu
Automation
Dynamic system property
values of the control variables (those whose values can be chosen) are known. Complete state controllability (or simply controllability if no other context
Controllability
Type of statistical variable
In statistics, bad controls are variables that introduce an unintended discrepancy between regression coefficients and the effects that said coefficients
Bad_control
Airplane wings capable of changing position to alter their geometry
with a variable wing. No other control surfaces were needed. Subtle movements of the wings were able to induce the small deflections which controlled the
Variable-sweep_wing
Variables Control
optimal control theory, a control is a variable chosen by the controller or agent to manipulate state variables, similar to an actual control valve. Unlike
Control (optimal control theory)
Control_(optimal_control_theory)
Variable capable of taking on a limited number of possible values
In statistics, a categorical variable (also called qualitative variable) is a variable that can take on one of a limited, and usually fixed, number of
Categorical_variable
Process of altering the timing of a valve lift event
Variable valve timing (VVT) is the process of altering the timing of a valve lift event in an internal combustion engine, and is often used to improve
Variable_valve_timing
Automotive piston engine technology
When used in conjunction with variable valve timing (VVT), variable valve lift can potentially offer infinite control over the intake and exhaust valve
Variable_valve_lift
The term Variable Control Voice Actuator (VCVA) refers to a digital recording technology developed by Olympus, which is implemented in many of their digital
Variable Control Voice Actuator
Variable_Control_Voice_Actuator
Topics referred to by the same term
mathematics, such as π or e Control variable or scientific constant, in experimentation the unchanging or constant variable Physical constant, a physical
Constant
Necessary condition for optimality associated with dynamic programming
their state variables, but there would probably be others. The variables chosen at any given point in time are often called the control variables. For instance
Bellman_equation
Type of web vulnerability
path to executable code using an attacker-controlled variable in a way that allows the attacker to control which file is executed at run time. A file
File_inclusion_vulnerability
2D graphic with logarithmic scales on both axes
data are gathered by varying the control variable along an exponential function, in which case the control variable x is more naturally represented on
Log–log_plot
Mathematical way of attaining a desired output from a dynamic system
criterion is achieved. A control problem includes a cost functional that is a function of state and control variables. An optimal control is a set of differential
Optimal_control
Nonlinear equation which arises on linear optimal control problems
vector of state variables, u is a k × 1 vector of control variables, A is the n × n state transition matrix, B is the n × k matrix of control multipliers
Algebraic_Riccati_equation
Types of numerical variables in mathematics
a quantitative variable may be continuous or discrete. If it can take on two real values and all the values between them, the variable is continuous in
Continuous or discrete variable
Continuous_or_discrete_variable
Physicist and biotechnologist
rejuvenation. Thermodynamic control variables. Work led by Fedichev introduced a small set of macroscopic control variables for aging, including an organism-level
Peter_Fedichev
Stabilization, by means of small system perturbations, of unstable periodic orbits
tissues. attempt the control of chaotic bubbling with the OGY method and using electrostatic potential as the primary control variable. Forcing two systems
Control_of_chaos
Quantity used to describe the mathematical state of a dynamical system
A state variable is one of the set of mathematical variables that are used to describe the "state" of a system, e.g. of a dynamical system or a thermodynamical
State_variable
Data transmission rate management
Most control loops in the industry are of the feedback type. In a feed-forward closed loop system, the measured process variable is an input variable. The
Flow_control_(data)
Facet of ballistics and aeronautics
with pitch-only control. Variable nozzle A thrust-vectoring nozzle of variable geometry maintaining a constant, or allowing a variable, effective nozzle
Thrust_vectoring
Graphic techniques used in visual design
A visual variable, in cartographic design, graphic design, and data visualization, is an aspect of a graphical object that can visually differentiate it
Visual_variable
Capacitor whose capacitance can be changed
tuning condenser), or as a variable reactance, e.g. for impedance matching in antenna tuners. In mechanically controlled variable capacitors, the distance
Variable_capacitor
Automobile variable valve timing technology
Variable camshaft timing (VCT) is an automobile variable valve timing technology developed by Ford. It allows for improved engine performance, reduced
Variable_camshaft_timing
variable controlled by the user is set to a running average of the users input. This can give the impression of smoother motion, but the controlled variable
Perceived_performance
Electrical circuit
voltage-controlled filters, voltage-controlled oscillators (e.g. variable frequency oscillators), voltage-controlled resistors, and voltage-controlled variable
Operational transconductance amplifier
Operational_transconductance_amplifier
Statistical matching technique
attempts to control for these biases by making the groups receiving treatment and not-treatment comparable with respect to the control variables. PSM employs
Propensity_score_matching
Transfer of information within a process
control flow. The following program (implicitly) discloses the value of the secret variable h to the variable l. In this case, since the h variable is
Information flow (information theory)
Information_flow_(information_theory)
Principle in optimal control theory for best way to change state in a dynamical system
n-dimensional dynamical system, with state variable x ∈ R n {\displaystyle x\in \mathbb {R} ^{n}} , and control variable u ∈ U {\displaystyle u\in {\mathcal
Pontryagin's maximum principle
Pontryagin's_maximum_principle
{\text{s.t.}}\;{\mathcal {D}}y=u} where u {\displaystyle u} is the control variable and ‖ ⋅ ‖ L 2 ( Ω ) 2 {\displaystyle \|\cdot \|_{L_{2}(\Omega )}^{2}}
PDE-constrained_optimization
Type of automotive suspension
Soarer: world first Electronically controlled (TEMS) that used a shock absorber control actuator (spring constant, variable attenuation force) installed 1985:
Active_suspension
Equipment for controlling the buoyancy of a diver
pressure space. Such variable buoyancy pressure vessels are used by submersibles and submarines for fine buoyancy and trim control. Water from the surroundings
Buoyancy_compensator_(diving)
Methods of approximating line segments for pixel displays
additional control variable that is initialized with the value 0.5. m {\displaystyle m} is added to this variable on every iteration. Then, if this variable exceeds
Line_drawing_algorithm
Discipline that uses industrial control to achieve a production level of consistency
continuously variable process control it was not until 1922 that a formal control law for what we now call PID control or three-term control was first developed
Industrial_process_control
Data table used to control program flow
the number of distinct program states is small, a "dense sequence" control variable can be used to efficiently dictate the entire flow of the main program
Control_table
Piece of machine equipment
motor drive. A variable-frequency drive (VFD) or variable-speed drive (VSD) describes the electronic portion of the system that controls the speed of the
Motor_drive
High-level programming language
variable number of arguments (are variadic). Everything can be dynamically redefined and overridden. Actually, there are no keywords, so even control
Tcl_(programming_language)
Propeller with blades that can be rotated to control their pitch while in use
In marine propulsion, a variable-pitch propeller is a type of propeller with blades that can be rotated around their long axis to change the blade pitch
Variable-pitch propeller (marine)
Variable-pitch_propeller_(marine)
Branch of engineering studying process variables
Instrumentation and control engineering (ICE) is a branch of engineering that studies the measurement and control of process variables, and the design and
Instrumentation and control engineering
Instrumentation_and_control_engineering
Automotive technology
the Ford Escort and Mercury Tracer feature an Intake Manifold Runner Control variable geometry intake manifold. General Motors: 3.9L LZ8/LZ9 V6, 3.2L LA3
Inlet_manifold
Font file with many design variants
version 1.0 has added variable font support. LibreOffice version 7.5 has added variable font support. Variable fonts are controlled in the web browser using
Variable_font
Variable representing a random phenomenon
A random variable (also called random quantity, aleatory variable, or stochastic variable) is a mathematical formalization of a quantity or object which
Random_variable
In telecommunications, a variable length buffer or elastic buffer is a buffer into which data may be entered at one rate and removed at another rate without
Variable-length_buffer
Heating or air-conditioning system
Variable air volume (VAV) is a type of heating, ventilating, and/or air-conditioning (HVAC) system. Unlike constant air volume (CAV) systems, which supply
Variable_air_volume
Audio compression algorithm/codec
Variable-Rate Multimode Wideband (VMR-WB) is a source-controlled variable-rate multimode codec designed for robust encoding/decoding of wideband/narrowband
Variable-Rate Multimode Wideband
Variable-Rate_Multimode_Wideband
Combustion engine technology
Variable displacement is an automobile engine technology that allows the engine displacement to change, usually by deactivating cylinders, for improved
Variable_displacement
Highly polymorphic DNA region
mitogenome, the most variable sites of HVR1 are numbered 16024-16383 (this subsequence is called HVR-I), and the most variable sites of HVR2 are numbered
Hypervariable_region
Method to control electric motors
Field-oriented control (FOC), also called vector control, is a variable-frequency drive (VFD) control method in which the stator currents of a three-phase
Field-oriented_control
Automobile variable valve timing technology
Toyota (Valvematic). Nissan Continuous Variable Valve Timing Control Nissan Variable Cam Timing Nissan Variable Valve Lift and Timing Nissan press release
Variable_Valve_Event_and_Lift
Control system whose input is independent of output
independent of the "process output", which is the process variable that is being controlled. It does not use feedback to determine if its output has achieved
Open-loop_controller
Programming statement for branching control based on a value
is a selection control flow mechanism that changes execution control based on the value of an expression (i.e. evaluation of a variable). A switch statement
Switch_statement
Systematic approach to understanding the behavior of humans and other animals
of behavior, and suggests that environmental variables control these internal events just as they control observable behaviors. Behavioral events may be
Behaviorism
Type of electronic amplifier
function between the source variable and the inner variable, xi when the controlled variable xj is set to zero (i.e., when the control parameter, P is set to
Negative-feedback_amplifier
Propeller with blades that can be rotated to control their pitch while in use
In aeronautics, a variable-pitch propeller is a type of propeller (airscrew) with blades that can be rotated around their long axis to change the blade
Variable-pitch propeller (aeronautics)
Variable-pitch_propeller_(aeronautics)
Type of rigid buoyancy control device
A variable-buoyancy pressure vessel system is a type of rigid buoyancy control device for diving systems that retains a constant volume and varies its
Variable-buoyancy pressure vessel
Variable-buoyancy_pressure_vessel
Electronic module
Modulation Variable-speed air compressor Vector control (motor) Motor controller Adjustable-speed drive Electronic speed control Variable-frequency drive
Voltage_controller
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