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Concept in cryptography
definition of entropic security for encryption. Their definition resembles the semantic security definition when message spaces have highly-entropic distributions
Entropic_security
Security of a cryptosystem which derives purely from information theory
can be constructed under an information-theoretic notion of security called entropic security, which assumes that the adversary knows almost nothing about
Information-theoretic security
Information-theoretic_security
Consortium on random number generators
Ionut (June 19, 2019). "Cloudflare Joins the League of Entropy | SecurityWeek.Com". Security Week. Retrieved September 13, 2023. Nichols, Shaun (June
League_of_Entropy
Average uncertainty in variable's states
having 0.999999 bits of entropy) it may provide good security. But if the pad has 999,999 bits of entropy, where the first bit is fixed and the remaining 999
Entropy_(information_theory)
Computing concept
randomness generators. A lack of entropy can have a negative impact on performance and security. The Linux kernel generates entropy from keyboard timings, mouse
Entropy_(computing)
Resistance of a password to being guessed
the required number of bits of entropy should also increase over time. RFC 4086, "Randomness Requirements for Security", published June 2005, presents
Password_strength
Information-theoretic measure
In information theory, the cross-entropy between two probability distributions p {\displaystyle p} and q {\displaystyle q} , over the same underlying
Cross-entropy
Standard for generating random numbers
compromised and subsequently re-seeded with sufficient entropy, security is restored. An attempted security proof for Dual_EC_DRBG states that it requires three
NIST_SP_800-90A
Random number generator
component of its entropy gathering system, the Wall of Entropy. SGI's invention of Lavarand was a direct response to a significant security crisis in the
Lavarand
Computer security technique
placed areas. Security is increased by increasing the search space. Thus, address space randomization is more effective when more entropy is present in
Address space layout randomization
Address_space_layout_randomization
Creating sequence of numbers that cannot be predicted
if the random numbers have low entropy, so the testing functionality is usually included. For performance and security reasons, most random number generators
Random_number_generation
Cryptographic key-wrapping algorithm
authenticated encryption algorithm providing confidentiality for highly entropic messages such as cryptographic keys. The AES Key Wrap Specification, AESKW
Key_wrap
Type of functions designed for being unsolvable by root-finding algorithms
/dev/random in Unix-like systems. Yarrow, which attempts to evaluate the entropic quality of its seeding inputs, and uses SHA-1 and 3DES internally. Yarrow
Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator
Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator
Noninterference is a strict multilevel security policy model, first described by Joseph Goguen and José Meseguer in 1982 and developed further in 1984
Non-interference_(security)
Measure of unpredictability of outcomes
The min-entropy, in information theory, is the smallest of the Rényi family of entropies, corresponding to the most conservative way of measuring the unpredictability
Min-entropy
Degradation or loss of the use of software over time
rot (bit rot, code rot, software erosion, software decay, or software entropy) is the degradation, deterioration, or loss of the use or performance of
Software_rot
conditional entropy conditional quantum entropy confusion and diffusion cross-entropy data compression entropic uncertainty (Hirchman uncertainty) entropy encoding
Index of information theory articles
Index_of_information_theory_articles
Scientific study of digital information
theory is entropy. In Shannon's formulation entropy is equal to the lack of information about an event. In the above coin flip example, the entropy in the
Information_theory
Type of random number generator
likely output), rather than Shannon entropy, because min-entropy is the operationally correct measure for security. Sources are tested with estimators
Non-physical true random number generator
Non-physical_true_random_number_generator
Pseudorandom number generator file in Unix-like operating systems
unlikely to come into existence, because once the entropy pool is unpredictable it doesn't leak security by a reduced number of bits. It is also possible
/dev/random
Data item stored in a browser by a website
information that they wish to access. The security of an authentication cookie generally depends on the security of the issuing website and the user's web
HTTP_cookie
Computer instruction for returning hardware-generated random numbers
on-chip hardware random number generator which has been seeded by an on-chip entropy source. It is also known as Intel Secure Key Technology, codenamed Bull
RDRAND
Sequence of words used to gain access
factors". Computers & Security. 1 (1): 54–56. doi:10.1016/0167-4048(82)90025-6. Matt Mahoney. "Refining the Estimated Entropy of English by Shannon Game
Passphrase
Method for generating passphrases using dice
word list do not have to be protected or concealed in any way, as the security of a Diceware passphrase is in the number of words selected, and the number
Diceware
Text used for user authentication to prove identity
passwords provide more security (e.g., entropy) than shorter passwords with a wide variety of characters. In The Memorability and Security of Passwords, Jeff
Password
Concept in quantum information theory
the respective entropy of the bases B 1 {\displaystyle B_{1}} and B 2 {\displaystyle B_{2}} , when measuring a given state. Entropic uncertainty relations
Mutually_unbiased_bases
Concept in data security
Tokenization, when applied to data security, is the process of substituting a sensitive data element with a non-sensitive equivalent, referred to as a
Tokenization_(data_security)
1981 novel by Vonda N. McIntyre
The Entropy Effect is a science fiction novel by American writer Vonda N. McIntyre, set in the fictional Star Trek Universe. Developed from a screenplay
The_Entropy_Effect
Windows API for cryptography
under %APPDATA%\Microsoft\Protect\{SID} directory, where {SID} is the Security Identifier of that user. The DPAPI key is stored in the same file as the
Data_Protection_API
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
using conventional set and clear operations, which inevitably generate entropy. It has been shown that computational hardware can be designed not to encounter
Brute-force_attack
System calls in Unix-like operating systems
Entropy-supplying system calls are system calls in Unix-like operating system kernels through which processes can obtain entropic or random data. The
Entropy-supplying system calls
Entropy-supplying_system_calls
Class of attack on cryptographic systems
Ubuntu, reduced the total entropy to the process id and made a variety of security keys vulnerable to attack. The security weakness was caused by changes
Random number generator attack
Random_number_generator_attack
Pseudorandom number generator
for which the kth pool collects enough entropy between reseedings that a reseeding with that pool ensures security. And that pool will be used at an interval
Fortuna_(PRNG)
Cryptographic device
generates random numbers from a physical process capable of producing entropy, unlike a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) that utilizes a deterministic
Hardware random number generator
Hardware_random_number_generator
Used for encoding or decoding ciphertext
cases, the strength of the encryption relies on the security of the key being maintained. A key's security strength is dependent on its algorithm, the size
Key_(cryptography)
Concept in computing
collection of an increasing amount of diverse information, with some computer security experts starting to complain about the ease of bulk parameter extraction
Device_fingerprint
Short-range wireless technology standard
(NIST) published a Guide to Bluetooth Security as a reference for organizations. It describes Bluetooth security capabilities and how to secure Bluetooth
Bluetooth
profile (chemistry) - Energy quality - Energy recovery ventilation - Energy security - Energy (signal processing) - Energy Slave - Energy Star - Energy statistics
Index_of_energy_articles
Secure communications method
espionage. Computer security experts, digital freedom organizations, and human rights activists advocate for the use of E2EE due to its security and privacy benefits
End-to-end_encryption
Topics referred to by the same term
Turnstile antenna, set of two dipole antennas Optical turnstile, physical security device TURNSTILE, a codename for the UK's Central Government War Headquarters
Turnstile_(disambiguation)
Physics phenomenon
into account the higher order moments of canonical operators or by using entropic measures. There is a fundamental conflict, referred to as the problem of
Quantum_entanglement
Security mechanism for passports
Data Security 2010" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-01-15. Hancke, Gerhard (2006). "Practical Attacks on Proximity Identification Systems (Short Paper), Security and
Basic_access_control
Topics referred to by the same term
process of converting sensitive information into numerical code with a security key Coding (social sciences), an analytical process in which data are categorized
Coding
Fictional comic book villainous organization
of the High Council of A.I.M. Graviton – Minister of Science. Jude the Entropic Man – Minister of Health. Mentallo – Minister of Public Affairs. Superia
Advanced_Idea_Mechanics
Cryptographic algorithm for random number generation
its contents is taken as the output. Windows does not estimate entropy. The security of a cryptosystem's CSPRNG is crucial because it is the origin for
CryptGenRandom
Facts provided or learned about something or someone
mental stimuli, pattern, perception, proposition, representation, and entropy. Information is often processed iteratively: Data available at one step
Information
Chemical compound
decomposition is an entropic explosion. However, this hypothesis has been challenged as not conforming to actual measurements. The claim of entropic explosion has
Acetone_peroxide
32-bit multicore processor developed by SR1
Apple A5, A5X Broadcom BCM11311 (Persona ICE) Calxeda EnergyCore ECX-1000 Entropic EN7588, EN7530 NXP Semiconductors (Formerly Freescale) QorIQ Layerscape
ARM_Cortex-A9
ellipsis, smile, female sign and a heart? - Information Security Stack Exchange)". security.stackexchange.com. Retrieved 2020-06-05. Collet, Yann; Kucherawy
List_of_file_signatures
Public-key cryptographic pseudorandom function
lattice-based cryptography. VRFs provide deterministic pre-commitments for low entropy inputs which must be resistant to brute-force pre-image attacks.[better source needed]
Verifiable_random_function
Information held in the state of a quantum system
information refers to both the technical definition in terms of von Neumann entropy and the general computational term. It is an interdisciplinary field that
Quantum_information
Algorithm for public-key cryptography
only that user can decrypt them—is the product of the prime numbers. The security of RSA is related to the difficulty of factoring the product of two large
RSA_cryptosystem
128-bit number used to identify information in computer systems
DCE 1.1 RPC specification in 1996, and in the DCE 1.1 Authentication and Security Services specification, published in 1997. ISO/IEC documented the DCE design
Universally_unique_identifier
Counterfeit detection
address limitations of optical security features such as security holograms. They are motivated by the need for security features that can be originated
Copy_detection_pattern
Type of machine learning model
"Exploiting programmatic behavior of LLMs: Dual-use through standard security attacks". IEEE Security and Privacy Workshops. arXiv:2302.05733. "A Pro-Russia Content
Large_language_model
Random number generator
security parameter Pg is reached, the algorithm will generate k bits of PRNG output and use them as the new key. In Yarrow-160, the system security parameter
Yarrow_algorithm
Cryptographic software library
PA-RISC, i386, i586, M68K, MIPS 3, PowerPC, and SPARC. It also features an entropy gathering utility, coming in different versions for Unix-like and Windows
Libgcrypt
Key derivation function based on an HMAC
r (weak entropy or shorter length) is recommended as they contribute "significantly" to the security of the OKM. Without or with a low-entropy, non-secret
HKDF
Algorithm
Therefore, it is essential that an implementation use a source of high entropy for its initialization. A reciprocal cipher is a cipher where, just as
Symmetric-key_algorithm
American physicist
dodecagonal quasicrystal. Glotzer and collaborators coined the term ‘Directional Entropic Forces’ in 2011 to denote the effective interaction that drives anisotropic
Sharon_Glotzer
Standard hostname for a networked device's loopback interface
(RGG) Hyperbolic (HGN) Hierarchical Stochastic block Blockmodeling Maximum entropy Soft configuration LFR Benchmark Dynamics Boolean network agent based Epidemic/SIR
Localhost
Overview of and topical guide to energy
(disambiguation) Energy policy – an introductory article Energy and Environmental Security Initiative Energy law – overview of many energy laws from various countries
Outline_of_energy
Attack on computer systems using cryptography
Someren proposed two different approaches to key finding: statistical or entropic key finding and analytical key finding. The former relies on detecting
Key_finding_attacks
The Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol provides the ability to secure communications across or inside networks. This comparison of TLS implementations
Comparison of TLS implementations
Comparison_of_TLS_implementations
American actor (born 1936)
featured in the short-lived television drama Kate Brasher and portrayed security head Joe in the film The Princess Diaries, a role he reprised in the 2004
Héctor_Elizondo
Speech recognition software
startup. Sleep mode has also seen performance improvements and, to address security issues, the recognizer is turned off by default after users speak "stop
Windows_Speech_Recognition
Computer networking concept
unicast rate independently. In the case of unknown-unicast traffic, a security issue may arise. To prevent flooding unknown-unicast traffic across the
Broadcast, unknown-unicast and multicast traffic
Broadcast,_unknown-unicast_and_multicast_traffic
motivated by historical reasons. Other criteria include security, including how quickly security upgrades are available; ease of package management; and
Comparison of Linux distributions
Comparison_of_Linux_distributions
Network that allows computers to share resources and communicate with each other
technology. A firewall is a network device or software for controlling network security and access rules. Firewalls are inserted in connections between secure
Computer_network
1947–1991 geopolitical rivalry between US and USSR
the National Security Act of 1947, creating a unified Department of Defense, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the National Security Council (NSC)
Cold_War
Cryptographic protocol
of an arbitrary shared secret can be utilised for which relatively low entropy can be tolerated. Version 3 of the protocol was published in 2012. As a
Off-the-Record Messaging protocol
Off-the-Record_Messaging_protocol
American academic
International Theory, Vol. 2, Issue 3 (December 2010) Time's Entropy: The Coming Ennui of World Disorder Security Studies Program Seminar, (October 2010) "Knowing
Randall_Schweller
demonstrate multimillion-dollar losses due to network problems such as security flaws or a network collapse after a denial of service attack. "InterWorking
InterWorking_Labs
American mathematician and Nobel Laureate (1928–2015)
Opens New Exhibit on Dr. John Nash". National Security Agency/Central Security Service. National Security Agency. Retrieved July 30, 2022. "John Nash's
John_Forbes_Nash_Jr.
Password cracking dataset
Hall, C.; Wagner, D. (1998). "Secure applications of low-entropy keys" (PDF). Information Security. LNCS. Vol. 1396. p. 121. doi:10.1007/BFb0030415. ISBN 978-3-540-64382-1
Rainbow_table
Estimated potential loss for an investment under a given set of conditions
bounded by coherent risk measures like Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) or entropic value at risk (EVaR). CVaR is defined by average of VaR values for confidence
Value_at_risk
by Eobard Thawne. Java (portrayed by Michasha Armstrong) – The head of security for Stagg Enterprises. Danton Black bribes him to gain access to Simon
List_of_The_Flash_characters
Michelinie/Todd McFarlane Jim Salicrup April 1988 Silver Sable is hired to test a security system. Spider-Man saves her when he realizes that it is a trap. 302 Chaos
List of The Amazing Spider-Man issues
List_of_The_Amazing_Spider-Man_issues
Recommendation for the Entropy Sources Used for Random Bit Generation. The publication specifies the design principles and requirements for the entropy sources used
NIST_SP_800-90B
Negative mental attitude
maximum entropy locally on earth; "locally" on earth, that is, when compared to the heat death of the universe, taken as a whole. The term "entropy pessimism"
Pessimism
Value used to initialize a pseudo-random number generator
computer security. When a secret encryption key is pseudorandomly generated, having the seed will allow one to obtain the key. High entropy is important
Random_seed
Software security techniques
of various techniques used during software development to enhance the security of executable programs by detecting buffer overflows on stack-allocated
Buffer_overflow_protection
Management of cryptographic keys
damage which may result from a security breach as attackers will learn something about more than one key. This reduces entropy, with regard to an attacker
Key_management
"Congress to Address Helium-3 Shortage Hurting Scientific Research and Nuclear Security". Popular Science. 20 April 2010. Retrieved 2016-05-13. Eveleth, Rose.
Hydrogen isotope biogeochemistry
Hydrogen_isotope_biogeochemistry
Infineon demonstrates first post-quantum cryptography on a contactless security chip". Infineon Technologies Press Release. 2017-05-30. Retrieved 2020-01-24
List of companies involved in quantum computing, communication or sensing
List_of_companies_involved_in_quantum_computing,_communication_or_sensing
Type of polyalphabetic substitution cipher
derive their running keys from large files. Apart from possibly greater entropy density of the files, and the ease of automation, there is little practical
Running_key_cipher
Type of material
High entropy alloys (HEAs) such as AlLiMgScTi are composed of equal or nearly equal quantities of five or more metals. The term "high-entropy alloys"
Metal
Listing of characters on American television series Criminal Minds
season 11, Spencer takes some time off from the BAU to visit her. In "Entropy", he reveals she has early signs of dementia and when he first walked in
List of Criminal Minds characters
List_of_Criminal_Minds_characters
Type of data structure
node hashes. Limiting the hash tree size is a prerequisite of some formal security proofs, and helps in making some proofs tighter. Some implementations limit
Merkle_tree
1966 novel by Thomas Pynchon
to establish congruence between entropy in information theory and thermodynamics. Scholars have pointed to the entropic nature and indeterminacy of the
The_Crying_of_Lot_49
Software agent which acts autonomously
Retrieved 2022-10-11. Wissner-Gross, A. D.; Freer, C. E. (2013-04-19). "Causal Entropic Forces". Physical Review Letters. 110 (16) 168702. Bibcode:2013PhRvL.110p8702W
Intelligent_agent
Method of biometric identification
discriminating powers of all biometric technologies depend on the amount of entropy they are able to encode and use in matching. Iris recognition is exceptional
Iris_recognition
Hungarian and American mathematician and physicist (1903–1957)
theory as a whole. Von Neumann entropy is extensively used in different forms (conditional entropy, relative entropy, etc.) in the framework of quantum
John_von_Neumann
Unreproducible object used in digital security
integrated circuits, including FPGAs, and can be used in applications with high-security requirements, more specifically cryptography, Internet of things (IOT)
Physical_unclonable_function
Physical quantity
and others. It also led to a mathematical formulation of the concept of entropy by Clausius and to the introduction of laws of radiant energy by Jožef
Energy
Framework for cryptographic protocols
secret values with 256 bits of entropy. Data volumes: The AESGCM cipher functions suffer a gradual reduction in security as the volume of data encrypted
Noise_Protocol_Framework
Length of ciphertext needed to unambiguously break a cipher
distance is a useful theoretical measure, but it does not say much about the security of a block cipher when attacked by an adversary with real-world (limited)
Unicity_distance
Delivery of fuels to point of use
derivatives Energy policy Energy price Energy security Energy quality Entropy (energy dispersal) and Introduction to entropy List of energy topics Market transformation
Energy_supply
Computer enthusiast, software engineer and security researcher
(born March 26, 1955) is an American software engineer, security researcher, and IT security proponent. In the early 1980s, he worked on light pen technology
Steve Gibson (computer programmer)
Steve_Gibson_(computer_programmer)
Language models designed for reasoning tasks
inference-time compute evaluation, Verilog engineering tasks, and network security assessments. Automated reasoning Reflection (artificial intelligence) Large
Reasoning_model
ENTROPIC SECURITY
ENTROPIC SECURITY
Female
Greek
(ΕυτÏοπια) Feminine form of Greek Eutropios, EUTROPIA means "versatile." Compare with another form of Eutropia.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Safety, Security, Welfare, Tranquility, Goddess Durga
Boy/Male
Greek
Security.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The granter of security
Girl/Female
Tamil
Safety, Security, Welfare, Tranquility, Goddess Durga
Boy/Male
Greek
Security.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Intelligent, Happy, Auspicious, Security, Wealthy
Girl/Female
Tamil
Safety, Security, Welfare, Tranquility, Goddess Durga
Boy/Male
Indian
The granter of security
Male
Spanish
Spanish form of Latin Eutropius, EUTROPIO means "versatile."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Security of Allah
Boy/Male
Indian
Intelligent, Happy, Auspicious, Security, Wealthy
Boy/Male
Muslim
In protection, Security
Girl/Female
Hindu
Safety, Security, Welfare, Tranquility, Goddess Durga
Boy/Male
Muslim
Security. Deposit.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Treasure, Security, Deposit
Boy/Male
Greek American
Security. Helmet maker. Pool in a hollow. Famous Bearer: Homer, the Greek poet who authored...
Boy/Male
Indian
In protection, Security
Boy/Male
Muslim
Security. Deposit.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Treasure, Security, Deposit
ENTROPIC SECURITY
ENTROPIC SECURITY
Biblical
the word; the thing; a bee; obedient
Boy/Male
Tamil
Emerald
Boy/Male
Australian, Finnish, German
Stone
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Middle English personal name Alnoth, Old English Æ{dh}elnÅ{dh} ‘noble daring’.
Boy/Male
Celtic
Lives near the yew tree estate.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Inquirer
Girl/Female
Arabic, French, Muslim
The World
Girl/Female
Indian
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Lotus Born
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Honored.
ENTROPIC SECURITY
ENTROPIC SECURITY
ENTROPIC SECURITY
ENTROPIC SECURITY
ENTROPIC SECURITY
a.
Of or pertaining to the tropics; tropical.
a.
Alt. of Entomical
n.
One of the two parallels of terrestrial latitude corresponding to the celestial tropics, and called by the same names.
n.
One of the two small circles of the celestial sphere, situated on each side of the equator, at a distance of 23¡ 28/, and parallel to it, which the sun just reaches at its greatest declination north or south, and from which it turns again toward the equator, the northern circle being called the Tropic of Cancer, and the southern the Tropic of Capricorn, from the names of the two signs at which they touch the ecliptic.
a.
Out of place; congenitally displaced; as, an ectopic organ.
a.
Relating to, or showing, geotropism.
n.
The tropic bird.
a.
Pertaining to the interior of the ear.
n.
The tenth sign of zodiac, into which the sun enters at the winter solstice, about December 21. See Tropic.
n.
Same as Entropium.
a.
Having great tension, or exaggerated action.
n.
The inversion or turning in of the border of the eyelids.
a.
Having equal entropy.
n.
A genus of oceanic birds including the tropic birds.
a.
Having a tendency to prevent the development of anything, especially of a disease.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from atropine and certain other alkaloids, as a white crystalline substance slightly soluble in water.
a.
Relating to objects situated within the eye; esp., relating to the perception of objects in one's own eye.
n.
The region lying between these parallels of latitude, or near them on either side.
a.
Alt. of Anthropical
n.
A certain property of a body, expressed as a measurable quantity, such that when there is no communication of heat the quantity remains constant, but when heat enters or leaves the body the quantity increases or diminishes. If a small amount, h, of heat enters the body when its temperature is t in the thermodynamic scale the entropy of the body is increased by h / t. The entropy is regarded as measured from some standard temperature and pressure. Sometimes called the thermodynamic function.