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Haploid stage in the life cycle of plants and algae
A gametophyte (/ɡəˈmiːtəfaɪt/) is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants. It is a haploid multicellular organism
Gametophyte
Biological part involved in sexual reproduction
part of the gametophyte. The flowers of flowering plants produce pollen and egg cells, but the sex organs themselves are inside the gametophytes within the
Sex_organ
Reproductive cycle of plants and algae
plants, both phases are multicellular: the haploid sexual phase – the gametophyte – alternates with a diploid asexual phase – the sporophyte. A mature
Alternation_of_generations
Class of vascular plants
sporophytes are free-living and only briefly dependent on the maternal gametophyte. The green, photosynthetic part of the plant is technically a megaphyll
Fern
Biological process
germinate and divide by mitosis to form a haploid multicellular phase, the gametophyte, which produces gametes directly by mitosis. This type of life cycle
Sexual_reproduction
Female reproductive cell
produced by the haploid generation, which is known as the gametophyte. The female gametophyte produces structures called archegonia, and the egg cells
Egg_cell
Subclade of green plants, also known as land plants
nurturing the embryonic sporophytes within the tissues of the parent gametophytes during the early stages of multicellular development. They are the dominant
Embryophyte
Reproductive structure in flowering plants
survival of the species. Flowers not only produce spores, which become gametophytes that produce sex cells, leading to fertilised cells, but also develop
Flower
Female organs of a flower
gynoecium produces megaspores, each of which develops into a female gametophyte which then produces egg cells. The term gynoecium is also used by botanists
Gynoecium
Unit of reproduction adapted for dispersal and survival in unfavorable conditions
into a new organism using mitotic division, producing a multicellular gametophyte, which eventually goes on to produce gametes. Two gametes fuse to form
Spore
Parts of plant enabling sexual reproduction
whether a small herb or a large tree, and the gametophyte is very small. In bryophytes and ferns, the gametophytes are independent, free-living plants, while
Plant_reproductive_morphology
Diploid multicellular stage in the life cycle of a plant or alga
produces asexual spores. This stage alternates with a multicellular haploid gametophyte phase. The sporophyte develops from the zygote produced when a haploid
Sporophyte
Asexual development of seed in botany
independent gametophyte generations, particularly ferns, apogamy refers to the development of a sporophyte directly from a cell or cells of the gametophyte without
Apomixis
haploid megaspores. At least one of the spores develop into haploid female gametophytes, the megagametophytes. The megaspore mother cell arises within the megasporangium
Embryonic_sac
Grains containing the male gametophytes of seed plants
Pollen grains have a hard coat made of sporopollenin that protects the gametophytes during the process of their movement from the stamens to the pistil of
Pollen
Haploid sex cell
plants, the female gametophyte is produced inside the ovule within the ovary of the flower. When mature, the haploid gametophyte produces female gametes
Gamete
Group of vascular plants that reproduce by spores
vascular plants that have a life cycle with alternating, free-living gametophyte and sporophyte phases that are independent at maturity. The body of the
Pteridophyte
Sexual system in haploid plants
same gametophyte, in contrast with dioicy, where each gametophyte produces only sperm or eggs but never both. Both monoicous and dioicous gametophytes produce
Monoicy
Multicellular filaments forming the early gametophyte of bryophytes
thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage of development of the gametophyte (the haploid phase) in the life cycle of mosses. When a moss first grows
Protonema
Tissue inside seeds that is starchy in cereals and liquid in coconuts
two sperm nuclei inside a pollen grain reach the interior of a female gametophyte or megagametophyte, also called the embryonic sac. One sperm nucleus
Endosperm
Female plant reproductive structure
megasporangium), and the female gametophyte (formed from a haploid megaspore) in its center. The female gametophyte — specifically termed a megagametophyte
Ovule
Terrestrial plants that lack vascular tissue
are: Their life cycles are dominated by a multicellular haploid (n) gametophyte stage Their sporophytes are diploid and unbranched They do not have a
Bryophyte
Sexual system in non-vascular plants
the gametophyte phase. It is one of the two main sexual systems in bryophytes, the other being monoicy. Both dioicous and monoicous gametophytes produce
Dioicy
Gametophyte stage in the fern life cycle
usually the gametophyte stage in the life of a fern or other pteridophyte. Occasionally, the term is also used to describe the young gametophyte of a liverwort
Prothallus
Large spore in heterosporous plants that germinates into a female gametophyte
germinates into a female gametophyte, which produces egg cells. These are fertilized by sperm produced by the male gametophyte developing from the microspore
Megaspore
Species of moss
uprooted trees. Like all bryophytes, D. superba has a dominant gametophyte stage. The gametophyte is the haploid stage of the life cycle, and is composed of
Dawsonia_superba
Division of non-vascular land plants with horn-shaped sporophytes
which is the sporophyte. As in mosses and liverworts, hornworts have a gametophyte-dominant life cycle, in which cells of the plant carry only a single
Hornwort
Species of moss
meaning that it alternates between two generations: gametophyte and sporophyte. The haploid gametophyte generation is the dominant state. Begins with the
Tortula_muralis
Clade of non-flowering, naked-seeded vascular plants
generations, with a dominant diploid sporophyte phase, and a reduced haploid gametophyte phase, which is dependent on the sporophytic phase. The term "gymnosperm"
Gymnosperm
Genus of algae
spermatium (male gamete) from the male gametophyte fertilises the carpogonium (female gamete) of the female gametophyte. This results in a developing zygote
Asparagopsis
Production of new offspring in plants
separate gametophytes, female gametophytes are known as mega gametophytes (mega=large, they produce the large egg cells) and the male gametophytes are called
Plant_reproduction
gametophyte The haploid multicellular phase in the alternation of generations of plants and algae that bears gametes. In bryophytes the gametophyte is
Glossary_of_botanical_terms
Method of sex-determination
outcrossing, female gametophytes release a chemical pheromone known as Antheridiogen which controls the sex of nearby developing gametophytes. Antheridiogen
Environmental sex determination
Environmental_sex_determination
Genus of mosses
features and sometimes by sporophytic features. Gametophytes range from small to large in size. Gametophytes are green, yellowish, or brown in colour, with
Hypnum
Having distinct male and female organisms
bryophytes (mosses, liverworts and hornworts), the gametophytes are fully independent plants. Seed plant gametophytes are dependent on the sporophyte and develop
Dioecy
Biological process occurring in plants
and in plant breeding work. In angiosperms, after the pollen grain (gametophyte) has landed on the stigma, it germinates and develops a pollen tube which
Pollination
Genus of liverworts
the aquarium trade like Pellia liverworts and Süsswassertang, a fern gametophyte. Monosolenium tenerum is a terrestrial plant, growing on moist, shady
Monosolenium
Seed-bearing part of a flowering plant
double fertilization: a female gametophyte produces an egg cell for the purpose of fertilization. (A female gametophyte is called a megagametophyte or
Fruit
Union of opposite-sex gametes in sexual reproduction to form a zygote
cells in a female gametophyte (sometimes called an embryo sac) that is inside an ovule. After the pollen tube enters the gametophyte, the pollen tube nucleus
Fertilisation
Species of moss
bryophyte found sporadically throughout the northern hemisphere. The gametophyte of this moss is not macroscopically visible; the large, distinct sporophyte
Buxbaumia_viridis
Genus of mosses
Leaves are born spirally around the axis. The adult plant body is foliose gametophyte which is leafy and branched which is differentiated into axis, leaves
Funaria
Complex fertilization mechanism of flowering plants
mechanism of angiosperms. This process involves the fusion of a female gametophyte or megagametophyte, also called the embryonic sac, with two male gametes
Double_fertilization
Paraphyletic group of eukaryotes
morphology). In haplobiontic species only the haploid generation, the gametophyte is multicellular. The fertilized egg cell, the diploid zygote, undergoes
Green_algae
Division of non-vascular land plants
also be referred to as hepatics. Like mosses and hornworts, they have a gametophyte-dominant life cycle, in which cells of the plant carry only a single
Liverwort
Species of fern
was regarded as endemic to Ecuador and threatened by habitat loss. The gametophyte of P. dulcis is cordiform (heart-shaped), becoming elongated as it grows
Pecluma_dulcis
Male inducing pheromone in ferns
Antheridiogens are a class of chemicals secreted by fern gametophytes that have "been shown to influence production of male gametangia and thus mating
Antheridiogen
Organic vessel in which an embryo first begins to develop
other kingdoms are termed "spores", or in spermatophytes "seeds", or in gametophytes "egg cells". Most arthropods, vertebrates (excluding live-bearing mammals)
Egg
Class of vascular plants
female gametophyte produces sporophytes. A few species of Selaginella such as S. apoda and S. rupestris are also viviparous; the gametophyte develops
Lycopodiopsida
Genus of algae
zoospores are produced separately, then germinate into male and female gametophytes. The female egg matures in the oogonium until the male sperm fertilizes
Laminaria
Organ of the gametophyte of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum
and γόνος ("offspring"), is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum or female
Archegonium
Small land plant spores that develop into male gametophytes
spores that develop into male gametophytes, whereas megaspores develop into female gametophytes. The male gametophyte gives rise to sperm cells, which
Microspore
Species of edible alga
haploid gametophyte stage and the asexual diploid sporophyte stage. In addition, a third stage – the carposporophyte – is formed on the female gametophyte after
Chondrus_crispus
Series of stages of an organism
producing haploid individuals called gametophytes. The gametophytes produce gametes via mitosis. In some plants the gametophyte is not only small-sized but also
Biological_life_cycle
Process of formation of megaspore mother cell (MMC) is called megasporogenesis
Megagametogenesis is the process of maturation of the female gametophyte, or megagametophyte, in plants. During the process of megagametogenesis, the
Megagametogenesis
Species of moss
Polytrichum piliferum, the bristly haircap, is an evergreen perennial species of moss in the family Polytrichaceae. The bristly haircap moss is small-sized
Polytrichum_piliferum
megaspore, and the female gametophyte. Unlike the male gametophyte, which is transported in the pollen, the female gametophyte remains within the ovule
Glossary_of_plant_morphology
Male reproductive cell
than those of placental mammals. Sperm cells in algal and many plant gametophytes are produced in male gametangia (antheridia) via mitotic division. In
Sperm
Biological process
mitosis. For example, plants produce gametes through mitosis in gametophytes. The gametophytes grow from haploid spores after sporic meiosis. The existence
Gametogenesis
Species of fern
molecular phylogenetic study determined that it is, in fact, a fern gametophyte. It was found to be most closely genetically linked to Lomariopsis lineata
Süsswassertang
Kingdom of organisms
(with 2 sets of chromosomes), gives rise to the next generation, the gametophyte, which is haploid (with one set of chromosomes). Some plants also reproduce
Plant
Genus of ferns
conditions and what other kinds of gametophytes are around. When conditions are right, they exchange sperm between gametophytes, but when necessary they sometimes
Gaga_(plant)
Species of fern
humidity by opening, releasing their spore into the air. Subsequent gametophytes are unisexual in early development, favoring cross-fertilization, later
Onoclea_sensibilis
Genus of mosses, peat moss
bryophytes, the haploid gametophyte generation is dominant and persistent. Unlike other mosses, the long-lived gametophytes do not rely upon rhizoids
Sphagnum
Species of fern
unusual life cycle, with a perennial gametophyte phase with an active vegetative reproduction. The gametophyte has the ability to tolerate darker and
Vandenboschia_speciosa
Extinct genus of early plants
single species, Horneophyton lignieri, is known. Its probable female gametophyte is the form taxon Langiophyton mackiei. The sporophyte had bare stems
Horneophyton
Division of typically non-vascular land plants
advanced vascular systems. Like liverworts and hornworts, the haploid gametophyte generation of mosses is the dominant phase of the life cycle. This contrasts
Moss
Domain of life whose cells have nuclei
(2005). "Life history biology of early land plants: Deciphering the gametophyte phase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United
Eukaryote
Biological system that determines the development of an organism's sex
fertilization, mostly seen in plant species. In some plants or algae the gametophyte stage may reproduce itself, thus producing more individuals of the same
Sex-determination_system
Genus of ferns in the family Psilotaceae
yellow to whitish spores which develop into a gametophyte less than 2 mm (0.08 in) long. The gametophyte lives underground as a mycoheterotroph, tapping
Psilotum
to the gametophyte they depended on. This seems to fit well with what is known of the bryophytes, in which a vegetative thalloid gametophyte nurtures
Evolutionary history of plants
Evolutionary_history_of_plants
Species of fern
morphological features. Cordate gametophytes have a raised multicellular ridge running along the midline of the gametophyte. They have not been observed
Argyrochosma_flavens
Plant without a vascular system
Anthocerotophyta (hornworts). In all bryophytes, the primary plants are the haploid gametophytes, with the only diploid portion being the attached sporophyte, consisting
Non-vascular_plant
Genus of red algae
typically focus on gametophytes, while sporophytes, i.e., carposporophytes, are filamentous structures growing on the gametophyte, on which they depend
Batrachospermum
Sporangia that produce spores that give rise to male gametophytes
microsporangia) is a sporangium that produces microspores that give rise to male gametophytes when they germinate. Microsporangia occur in all vascular plants that
Microsporangium
Genus of liverworts in the family Pelliaceae
to be Pellia endiviifolia, but is now known to be the indeterminate gametophyte of a Lomariopsis species, a type of fern. Pellia liverworts are also
Pellia
List of tallest living trees, by species
Whorl Fruit Anatomy Berry Capsule Nut Pyrena Seed Dispersal Endosperm Gametophyte Gynandrium Gynoecium Carpel Ovary Locule Ovule Stigma Style Hypanthium
List_of_tallest_trees
Family of ferns
number of ways. Many have only a single fleshy leaf at a time. Their gametophytes are subterranean and rely on fungi for energy. Members of Ophioglossaceae
Ophioglossaceae
Species of moss
vertically with an archegonium borne at the top of each fertilized female gametophyte shoot which develops an erect sporophyte. Pogonatum urnigerum can be
Pogonatum_urnigerum
Species of liverwort
Monoclea forsteri is one of the two species in the thallose liverwort family Monocleaceae. It is dioicous with the capsule dehiscing with a single longitudinal
Monoclea_forsteri
Species of moss
multiseriate of approximately 3-5 series. The sporophyte are attached to the gametophyte by a foot. They have a 3-4cm long seta that is red at the base. Plagiomnium
Plagiomnium_venustum
Species of fern
reproduces. The gametophytes develop from these spores in the soil, and are thought to associate with an endophytic fungus like the gametophytes of other members
Sceptridium_multifidum
Part of a plant producing and containing male gametes
more antheridia is called an androecium. Antheridia are present in the gametophyte phase of cryptogams like bryophytes and ferns. Many algae and some fungi
Antheridium
Cutting procedure used in anatomy
pregnant rat in a biology class Ginkgo seed in dissection, showing embryo and gametophyte Identifiers MeSH D004210 Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]
Dissection
Genus of mosses
Neckera is a large genus of mosses belonging to the family Neckeraceae. The genus was first described by Johann Hedwig. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution
Neckera
Shiny fibres at the tip of an ear of corn
fertilization of the ovule to form a corn kernel. For the pollen grain, the male gametophyte, to transmit its genetic material to the ovule, it must germinate and
Corn_silk
Species of spore-bearing plant
diameter. It closely resembles other gametophytes of Lycopodium and related genera, so it cannot be identified by gametophyte alone. Doing so would be difficult
Dendrolycopodium_obscurum
Underground stem in which various plants asexually reproduce via budding
Whorl Fruit Anatomy Berry Capsule Nut Pyrena Seed Dispersal Endosperm Gametophyte Gynandrium Gynoecium Carpel Ovary Locule Ovule Stigma Style Hypanthium
Rhizome
Species of moss
buildings. Like all moss, the haploid gametophyte is the dominant phase of the lifecycle of P. formosum. The moss gametophyte has photosynthetic leaves, a stem
Polytrichastrum_formosum
Species of moss
Sphagnum papillosum, the papillose peatmoss, is a species of peat moss distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Although sometimes confused with
Sphagnum_papillosum
Genus of plants
of liverworts involves alternating haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations. The gametophyte generation is more dominant, while the sporophyte
Conocephalum
Group of early vascular plants
dependent on a gametophyte for its nutrition – a relationship that occurs in modern mosses and liverworts. However, no fossil evidence of a gametophyte of Cooksonia
Cooksonia
Genus of mosses
Rhynchostegium is a genus of pleurocarpous mosses belonging to the family Brachytheciaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution across different
Rhynchostegium
Extinct species of vascular plant
the plant may therefore have been clonal populations. Evidence of the gametophyte generation of Rhynia has been described in the form of crowded tufts
Rhynia
Species of moss
and willow communities. Mosses have 2 phases in their life cycle: the gametophyte (n) and sporophyte (2n) generations. Each generation is morphologically
Aulacomnium_palustre
Multicellular sex organs in plant life
that is found in many multicellular protists, algae, fungi, and the gametophytes of plants. In contrast to gametogenesis in animals, a gametangium is
Gametangium
Family of flowering plants commonly known as grasses
development during flowering. The transition from the sporophyte phase to the gametophyte state is initiated by meiotic entry. Grasses are, in human terms, perhaps
Poaceae
One of two clades of flowering plants
and Kirsten C. Ryerson (2009). "Reconstructing the ancestral female gametophyte of angiosperms: Insights from Amborella and other ancient lineages of
Mesangiospermae
Species of moss
be found at low to moderate elevations (70–700 m). The shoots of the gametophyte are rigid and green, the distal part of the shoots are caducous, which
Takakia_ceratophylla
Species of moss
leaves with pocket-like flaps (common name Pocket Moss). The size of the gametophyte is a few millimetres long (measured as the length of the shoot). Sterile
Fissidens_limbatus
Endospory in plants is the retention and development of gametophytes, partially or entirely, within the walls of the generative spore. This is a trait
Endospory_in_plants
GAMETOPHYTE
GAMETOPHYTE
GAMETOPHYTE
GAMETOPHYTE
Boy/Male
Tamil
Boy/Male
Gaelic
Small champion.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
King of Lotus; Consort of Goddess Lakshmi
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : see Mainwaring.
Girl/Female
American, Arabic, Christian, Greek, Indian, Jamaican, Muslim, Traditional
Woman of Virtue; Virtue; Best; Excellence; Virtuous
Girl/Female
Native American
Pelican.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Horizon
Girl/Female
British, English
Wealthy Defender
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Lamp of Satisfaction
Boy/Male
Hindu
One who conquers the truth, Victory of truth
GAMETOPHYTE
GAMETOPHYTE
GAMETOPHYTE
GAMETOPHYTE
GAMETOPHYTE