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Topics referred to by the same term
Gravity Probe may refer to: Gravity Probe A Gravity Probe B This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Gravity Probe. If an internal
Gravity_Probe
Orbital gravitational observatory
Gravity Probe B (GP-B) was a satellite-based experiment whose objective was to test two previously-unverified predictions of general relativity: the geodetic
Gravity_Probe_B
Space navigation technique
by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onward, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn. A gravity assist around a planet
Gravity_assist
Space-based experiment to test the theory of general relativity
Gravity Probe A (GP-A) was a space-based experiment to test the equivalence principle, a feature of Einstein's theory of relativity. It was performed
Gravity_Probe_A
Mathematical theory of the geometry of space and time
mathematical model in which, with Einstein's theory of general relativity, gravity naturally arises, as opposed to being described as a fundamental force
Curved_spacetime
NASA probe of the Sun's outer corona
The Parker Solar Probe (PSP; previously Solar Probe, Solar Probe Plus or Solar Probe+) is a NASA space probe launched in 2018 to make observations of
Parker_Solar_Probe
Attraction of masses and energy
In physics, gravity (from Latin gravitas 'weight'), also known as gravitation or a gravitational interaction, is a fundamental interaction, which may
Gravity
Theory of gravitation as curved spacetime
known as the general theory of relativity, and as Einstein's theory of gravity, is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in
General_relativity
Effect of a rotating superconductor
can be extremely accurate and stable. For example, those used in the Gravity Probe B experiment measured changes in gyroscope spin axis orientation to
London_moment
General-relativistic effect
directly by the Pound–Rebka experiment in 1959, and later refined by Gravity Probe A and other experiments. Gravitational time dilation is closely related
Gravitational_time_dilation
destination. It includes planetary probes, solar probes, and probes to asteroids and comets. Flybys (such as gravity assists) that were incidental to the
List_of_Solar_System_probes
Effect of general relativity
Jeff. "Gravity Probe B scores 'F' in NASA review". New Scientist. Retrieved 2023-09-17. "Gravity Probe B – MISSION STATUS". "Gravity Probe B finally
Frame-dragging
Analogies between Maxwell's and Einstein's field equations
largest and brightest form of validations for gravitomagnetism. The Gravity Probe B satellite experiment, using four cryogenic gyroscopes in Earth orbit
Gravitoelectromagnetism
Device for measuring or maintaining orientation
period" "Gravity Probe B – Extraordinary Technologies" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 18 January 2011. "Gravity Probe B –
Gyroscope
The Gravity Probe B mission timeline describes the events during the flight of Gravity Probe B, the science phase of its experimental campaign, and the
Timeline_of_Gravity_Probe_B
Precession of satellite orbits due to a celestial body's presence affecting spacetime
angular momentum of a gyroscope orbiting the Earth, as carried out by the Gravity Probe B experiment. The geodetic effect was first predicted by Willem de Sitter
Geodetic_effect
British mathematician and electrical engineer (1850–1925)
he extended them to gravitoelectromagnetism, which was confirmed by Gravity Probe B in 2005. His formulation of the telegrapher's equations became commercially
Oliver_Heaviside
British physicist
Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC). Everitt is Principal Investigator of the Gravity Probe B mission mainly aimed to test frame-dragging at an expected accuracy
Francis_Everitt
general relativity, not discussed here, are the Gravity Probe A satellite, launched in 1976, which showed gravity and velocity affect the ability to synchronize
Tests_of_general_relativity
Comparison of a wide range of accelerations
acceleration Mechanical shock Standard gravity International System of Units (SI) SI prefix Stanford University: Gravity Probe B, Payload & Spacecraft, and NASA:
Orders of magnitude (acceleration)
Orders_of_magnitude_(acceleration)
Type of energy
perfectly uniform vacuum, such as Casimir force experiments and the Gravity Probe B experiment. Critical apparatus may have surfaces covered with molybdenum
Work_function
Term for accelerations felt as weight in multiples of standard gravity
1073/pnas.1018027108. PMC 3093466. PMID 21518884. Stanford University: Gravity Probe B, Payload & Spacecraft Archived October 13, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
G-force
Process of levitating a charged object using electric fields
effects of gravity. It was used, for instance, in Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment and was used to suspend the gyroscopes in Gravity Probe B during
Electrostatic_levitation
American engineer
was also the co-principal investigator (co-PI) and program manager on Gravity Probe B, which tested gravitomagnetism and was the first direct mechanical
Bradford_Parkinson
Exact solution for the Einstein field equations
first measurement of this frame dragging effect was done in 2011 by the Gravity Probe B experiment. Roughly speaking, this effect predicts that objects coming
Kerr_metric
Proposed NASA space mission to Uranus
Uranus Orbiter and Probe is an orbiter mission concept to study Uranus and its moons. The orbiter would also deploy an atmospheric probe to characterize
Uranus_Orbiter_and_Probe
Measured time difference as explained by relativity theory
velocity time dilation equation in the presence of motion and absence of gravity, i.e. β e = 0 {\displaystyle \beta _{e}=0} . It reduces to gravitational
Time_dilation
Comparison of a wide range of magnetic fields
MagLab". nationalmaglab.org. Retrieved 2023-12-29. Range, Shannon K'doah. Gravity Probe B: Examining Einstein's Spacetime with Gyroscopes. National Aeronautics
Orders of magnitude (magnetic field)
Orders_of_magnitude_(magnetic_field)
Type of magnetometer
waves. A SQUID is the sensor in each of the four gyroscopes employed on Gravity Probe B in order to test the limits of the theory of general relativity. Advanced
SQUID
Category of disciplines and sub-disciplines in Physics
pendulum Franck–Hertz experiment Geiger–Marsden experiment Gravity Probe A and Gravity Probe B Hafele–Keating experiment Homestake experiment Kite experiment
Experimental_physics
Theory of gravity by Albert Einstein
useful to think about what physicists call probe or test particles: particles that are influenced by gravity, but are so small and light that we can neglect
Introduction to general relativity
Introduction_to_general_relativity
Property of space that quantifies the magnetic influence at a given location
The finest precision for a magnetic field measurement was attained by Gravity Probe B at 5 aT (5×10−18 T). The H-field cannot be directly measured but can
Magnetic_field
1964 American science fiction film by Byron Haskin
Colonel Dan McReady, USAF, reach the red planet in their spaceship, Mars Gravity Probe 1. They are forced to use up their remaining fuel in order to avoid
Robinson_Crusoe_on_Mars
1887 investigation of the speed of light
optical resonators, etc. This is in large part due to predictions of quantum gravity that suggest that special relativity may be violated at scales accessible
Michelson–Morley_experiment
Proposed Chinese interstellar space probes
far been explored by only three NASA probes: Voyager 1, Voyager 2, and New Horizons. Both Voyagers used gravity assists to take them out of the plane
Shensuo
neutrino problem 1970 Gargamelle CERN Discovery Neutral currents 1976 Gravity Probe A NASA Measurement Gravitational time dilation 1977 De Sitter double
List of experiments in physics
List_of_experiments_in_physics
Planned Chinese Jupiter orbiter mission
using Venus & Earth gravity assists. Targeting Jupiter capture by Dec 2035 & a Uranus flyby in March 2045, the mission includes 2 probes, one exploring Jupiter's
Tianwen-4
Space probe that can travel out of the Solar System
An interstellar probe is a space probe that has left—or is expected to leave—the Solar System and enter interstellar space, which is typically defined
Interstellar_probe
American physicist (1917–1989)
experiments under gravity-free conditions, such as the specific heat of liquid helium near the lambda point, directed by John Lipa, and "gravity Probe B", an experiment
William_M._Fairbank
American actor (1928–2017)
starred as Colonel Dan McCready, the ill-fated mission commander of Mars Gravity Probe 1 in the 1964 film Robinson Crusoe on Mars. That same year he was cast
Adam_West
Theory extending Einstein gravity
Saueressig, Frank; Wondrak, Michael F.; Falcke, Heino (May 2023). "Probing quadratic gravity with the Event Horizon Telescope". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 673:
Quadratic_gravity
Rocketry and spacecraft propulsion research center
in the 1970s included the Laser Geodynamics Satellite (LAGEOS) and Gravity Probe A. In LAGEOS, laser beams from 35 ground stations are reflected by 422
Marshall_Space_Flight_Center
Curve produced by the angular velocity vector on the inertia ellipsoid
amount of energy corresponding to its angular momentum is least. Gravity Probe B Herpolhode Poinsot's construction "Gravity Probe B - MISSION STATUS".
Polhode
Test of relativistic time dilation
tests of general relativity, such as the Pound–Rebka experiment and Gravity Probe A. In the Hafele–Keating experiment, there was a slight increase in
Hafele–Keating_experiment
Description of gravity using discrete values
Quantum gravity (QG) is a field of theoretical physics that seeks unification of the theory of gravity with the principles of quantum mechanics. It deals
Quantum_gravity
Topics referred to by the same term
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Gravida/para/abortus, in medicine Gravity Probe A (GP-A), an experiment to test the theory of general relativity Guanidinopropionic
GPA_(disambiguation)
Calendar year
Explorer) launch into orbit in November to study gamma-ray bursts. The Gravity Probe B, Double Star, and Aura satellites were also launched in 2004. Wireless
2004
There have been 47 space missions to the planet Venus (including gravity-assist flybys). Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus
List_of_missions_to_Venus
Relativistic generalization of Mordehai Milgrom's MOND paradigm
Gravitoelectromagnetism of the TeVeS theory and that predicted and measured by the Gravity Probe B leads to K = k 2 π {\displaystyle K={\frac {k}{2\pi }}} , and requiring
Tensor–vector–scalar_gravity
American physicist (1915–1971)
Fairbank to conduct research that provided part of the foundation for the Gravity Probe B (GP-B) to test Albert Einstein's theory of relativity. He was the
Leonard_I._Schiff
Proposed NASA space probe to travel 1000 AU from the Sun
This launch would put the probe on a direct trajectory to Jupiter, and after a mere seven months the probe would make a gravity assist to speed out at about
Interstellar Probe (spacecraft)
Interstellar_Probe_(spacecraft)
Set of points equidistant from a center
in the background. This sphere was a fused quartz gyroscope for the Gravity Probe B experiment, and differs in shape from a perfect sphere by no more
Sphere
Indian astrophysicist (1935–2014)
University of Mainz (Germany), as a visiting scientist at Hansen Lab (Gravity Probe B Group) Stanford University (USA) and as an International Scholar at
Vinod_Johri
Star in the constellation Pegasus
public awareness of it is due to its use as the guide star for the Gravity Probe B general relativity experiment. It was chosen for this purpose because
IM_Pegasi
29.78 km/s. By later passing near a planet, a probe can gain extra speed from a gravity assist. If a probe has current speed v {\displaystyle v} and this
List of artificial objects leaving the Solar System
List_of_artificial_objects_leaving_the_Solar_System
2015 European Space Agency spacecraft
requirements for LISA Pathfinder. In February 2017, BBC News reported that the gravity probe had exceeded its performance goals. LISA Pathfinder was deactivated
LISA_Pathfinder
Rocket launch site at Vandenberg Space Force Base in the USA
SLC-2W during its Delta II years, carrying Gravity Probe B in 2004 Another view of SLC-2W launching Gravity Probe B The maiden flight of Firefly Alpha, launching
Vandenberg Space Launch Complex 2
Vandenberg_Space_Launch_Complex_2
Constellation in the northern celestial hemisphere
University of Illinois. Retrieved 13 February 2014. Goebel, John H. (2007). "Gravity Probe B Photometry and Observations of ζ Pegasi: An SPB Variable Star". The
Pegasus_(constellation)
Glass consisting of pure silica
fused quartz sphere was manufactured for use in a gyroscope in the Gravity Probe B experiment. It is one of the most accurate spheres ever manufactured
Fused_quartz
Australian optician of German origin
exceeded only by two of the four fused-quartz gyroscope rotors flown on Gravity Probe B, which were manufactured in the late 1990s and given their final figure
Achim_Leistner
Satellites where the payload follows a geodesic path through space
geodesic path. Two such missions were NASA and Stanford University's Gravity Probe B (2004–2005) created to measure spacetime curvature near the Earth
Zero-drag_satellite
Electrical conductivity with exactly zero resistance
the spin axis. The effect, the London moment, was put to good use in Gravity Probe B. This experiment measured the magnetic fields of four superconducting
Superconductivity
Sensor to detect the level of substances that flow
horizontal in their containers (or other physical boundaries) because of gravity whereas most bulk solids pile at an angle of repose to a peak. The substance
Level_sensor
American businessman
Detector satellite, the Lightning Imaging Sensor satellite, and the Gravity Probe B satellite, a successful test of frame dragging effects predicted by
Rex_Geveden
Absence of the sensation of weight
zero g-force, or zero-g (named after the g-force) or, misleadingly, zero gravity. Weight is a measurement of the force on an object at rest in a relatively
Weightlessness
NASA space mission to Jupiter and Europa
send a space probe developed by NASA to study Europa, a Galilean moon of Jupiter. Launched by a Falcon Heavy on October 14, 2024, the probe is planned to
Europa_Clipper
Concept in celestial mechanics
forces are acting on the object, such as propulsion and friction No other gravity-producing objects exist. Although the term escape velocity is common, it
Escape_velocity
NASA/ESA solar probe launched in 1990
chose a gravity assist maneuver around Jupiter, but this Jupiter encounter meant that Ulysses could not be powered by solar cells. The probe was powered
Ulysses_(spacecraft)
American aerospace company
the Space Shuttle, the International Space Station, Deep Space 1, Gravity Probe B, the Space Launch System, and Artemis I. Moog has also supplied components
Moog_Inc.
Ongoing NASA interstellar program
program is an American scientific program that employs two interstellar probes, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2. They were launched in 1977 to take advantage of
Voyager_program
Precession of a gyroscope due to a nearby celestial body's rotation affecting spacetime
hole by observing the star over two to three periods (32 to 48 years). Gravity Probe B Pfister, Herbert (November 2007). "On the history of the so-called
Lense–Thirring_precession
State of matter at low temperatures
theoretically predicted gravitational effects (for an example, see Gravity Probe B). The Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, launched in January 1983
Superfluid_helium-4
Ratio of two densities
Relative density, also called specific gravity, is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density (mass divided by volume) of a substance
Relative_density
International science award since 2012
For precision fundamental measurements that test our understanding of gravity, probe the nature of dark energy, and establish limits on couplings to dark
Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics
Breakthrough_Prize_in_Fundamental_Physics
The Gravity of Math: How Geometry Rules the Universe. Basic Books. ISBN 978-1-541-60429-2. Everitt, C.W.F.; Parkinson, B.W. (2009). "Gravity Probe B Science
Timeline of gravitational physics and relativity
Timeline_of_gravitational_physics_and_relativity
Test of gravitational redshift
dilation with increasing precision. A notable example was the 1976 Gravity Probe A experiment, which used a space-borne hydrogen maser to increase the
Pound–Rebka_experiment
NASA space program from 1962 to 1973
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the inner Solar System – visiting the planets Venus
Mariner_program
Mission to Saturn (1997–2017)
travel all the way out to the asteroid belt, while the Sun's gravity pulled the space probe back into the inner Solar System. On August 18, 1999, at 03:28 UTC
Cassini–Huygens
Second NASA orbiter mission to Jupiter (2011–Present)
in gravity all along the orbit followed by the probe when it runs closer to the surface of the planet. These gravity variations drive small probe velocity
Juno_(spacecraft)
NASA spacecraft (2006–present)
The Parker Solar Probe is expected to beat this record at its next perihelion in April 2019.[needs update] Following several more gravity assists at Venus
New_Horizons
Organisation in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
CERN programs. On September 30, 2008, KACST funded the science team of Gravity Probe B, helping them to complete the project. In 2012, KACST announced the
King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology
King_Abdulaziz_City_for_Science_and_Technology
other spacecraft making gravity-assist flybys. New Horizons, although eventually targeting Pluto, used Jupiter for a gravity assist and had an extensive
List of missions to the outer planets
List_of_missions_to_the_outer_planets
Month of 1976
landslides and led to rivers overflowing their banks. NASA launched Gravity Probe A, the first attempt to measure with high precision the rate at which
June_1976
Star in the constellation Pegasus
showed that Zeta Pegasi is a variable star, using data obtained from Gravity Probe B. It is a slowly pulsating B star that varies slightly in luminosity
Zeta_Pegasi
Autonomous ice penetrator vehicle
A cryobot or Philberth-probe is a robot that can penetrate water ice. A cryobot uses heat to melt the ice, and gravity to sink downward. The cryobot is
Cryobot
Operating division of Lockheed Martin
Prospector (a former Lockheed project) NASA's Gravity Probe B (a former Lockheed project) NASA's Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) NASA's
Lockheed_Martin_Space
Space exploration concept
science fiction novels and stories. Self-replicating probes are sometimes referred to as von Neumann probes. Self-replicating spacecraft would in some ways
Self-replicating_spacecraft
Gravitational force exerted by the planet Mars
The gravity of Mars is a natural phenomenon, due to the law of gravity, or gravitation, by which all things with mass around the planet Mars are brought
Gravity_of_Mars
Experiment in 1852 to demonstrate the Earth's rotation
of the earth. Tobin, William (2005). "Probing the fabric of space: from Foucault's gyroscope to Gravity Probe B" (PDF). Southern Stars. 44 (3): 12–14
Foucault's_gyroscope
Concept of using the Sun as a large lens
A solar gravitational lens or solar gravity lens (SGL) is a theoretical method of using the Sun as a large lens with a physical effect called gravitational
Solar_gravitational_lens
biomineralization in eukaryotes. Experimental data gathered by the Gravity Probe B satellite confirms two aspects of the general theory of relativity
2011_in_science
Topics referred to by the same term
game streamer Granny Peace Brigade, an American peace organizations Gravity Probe B, a satellite-based test of general relativity Grosse Pointe Blank
GPB
NASA space probe launched in 1977
Voyager 1 is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977, as part of the Voyager program, to study the outer Solar System and the interstellar
Voyager_1
First NASA mission to orbit Jupiter (1989–2003)
Galileo was an American robotic space probe that studied the planet Jupiter and its moons, as well as the asteroids Gaspra and Ida. Named after the Italian
Galileo_(spacecraft)
Thor-Ablestar, Delta I, Delta II Landsat 1, Intelsat 1, COBE, Aqua, Aura, Gravity Probe B, USA-193, WISE, ICESat-2 34°45′19″N 120°37′20″W / 34.75528°N 120
List of Vandenberg Space Force Base launch facilities
List_of_Vandenberg_Space_Force_Base_launch_facilities
NASA mission to Mercury
Mercury is difficult, because a probe approaching on a direct path from Earth would be accelerated by the Sun's gravity and pass Mercury far too quickly
MESSENGER
Concept in relativity theory
do not depend on that convention. Experiments that attempt to directly probe the one-way speed of light independent of synchronization have been proposed
One-way_speed_of_light
NASA orbiter mission to Venus (1989–1994)
The Magellan spacecraft was a 1,035-kilogram (2,282 lb) robotic space probe launched by NASA on May 4, 1989. Its mission objectives were to map the surface
Magellan_(spacecraft)
American aerospace engineer
her Ph.D. at Stanford University in 1991, working on the plans for Gravity Probe B under the supervision of Bradford Parkinson. After continuing at Stanford
Penina_Axelrad
Theory of quantum gravity merging quantum mechanics and general relativity
Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a theory of quantum gravity that incorporates matter of the Standard Model into the framework established for the intrinsic
Loop_quantum_gravity
GRAVITY PROBE
GRAVITY PROBE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by a copse or small grove, Middle English gravette, grevette (from a diminutive of Old English grÄf ‘grove’).Altered spelling of French Gravet, cognate with 1.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
To be Proud of; Feels Proud
Boy/Male
Indian
Gravity
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Gravett.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Gravely.Possibly also a variant spelling of Swiss German Gräfli (see Gravely).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Gravely in Cambridgeshire or Graveley in Hertfordshire. The first is possibly from Old English græf ‘pit’, ‘trench’ + lÄ“ah ‘woodland clearing’. The second is from Old English grÇ£fe, grÄf(a) ‘grove’, ‘copse’ + lÄ“ah.Possibly an altered spelling of Swiss Gräffi, a variant of Graf.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi
Dignity; Gravity; From Muslim
Biblical
Hardness, His gravity, His offense
Boy/Male
Indian
Proud
Boy/Male
Biblical
Hardness; his gravity; his offense.
Boy/Male
British, Hebrew, Indian, Parsi
Prince; Granite
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Full of Pride; To be Proud of; To be Proud; Pride
Boy/Male
Muslim
Gravity
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Dignity Gravity
Girl/Female
Indian
Gravity
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Rarity, Rareness
Girl/Female
Indian
Pride
Boy/Male
Biblical
Hardness; his gravity; his offense.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone living near a small grove or copse, from Old English grÄfet, grÇ£fet ‘little grove’ (from Old English grÄf(e), grÇ£fe ‘grove’, ‘copse’ + the diminutive suffix -et).
GRAVITY PROBE
GRAVITY PROBE
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Sindhi, Traditional
Early Twilight
Boy/Male
Muslim
The Biblical Ezekiel is the English language equivalent.
Girl/Female
Hindu
A beautiful lady
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, French, Japanese
Inteligent
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Ibn-Aybak was a leading historian
Girl/Female
Muslim
Elixir
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Softness; Kindness
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Heavenly Flower
Girl/Female
Australian, Finnish, Hebrew
Weary; Tired
GRAVITY PROBE
GRAVITY PROBE
GRAVITY PROBE
GRAVITY PROBE
GRAVITY PROBE
a.
Importance, significance, dignity, etc; hence, seriousness; enormity; as, the gravity of an offense.
n.
Deterioration; degeneracy; corruption; especially, moral crookedness; moral perversion; perverseness; depravity; as, the pravity of human nature.
n.
The quality or state of being rare; rareness; thinness; as, the rarity (contrasted with the density) of gases.
a.
Sobriety of character or demeanor.
adv.
In a demure manner; soberly; gravely; -- now, commonly, with a mere show of gravity or modesty.
n.
Seriousness; gravity; discretion.
n.
Shortness of duration; briefness of time; as, the brevity of human life.
n.
The quality of being sweet or pleasing to the mind; agreeableness; softness; pleasantness; gentleness; urbanity; as, suavity of manners; suavity of language, conversation, or address.
n.
The act, process, or art, of graving or carving; engraving.
a.
The tendency of a mass of matter toward a center of attraction; esp., the tendency of a body toward the center of the earth; terrestrial gravitation.
a.
Lowness of tone; -- opposed to acuteness.
pl.
of Gravy
a.
Being with child; heavy with young; pregnant; fruitful; as, a gravid uterus; gravid piety.
n.
Weight; gravity.
v. t.
To please; to give pleasure to; to satisfy; to soothe; to indulge; as, to gratify the taste, the appetite, the senses, the desires, the mind, etc.
n.
A hollow place; a hollow; as, the abdominal cavity.
a.
The state of having weight; beaviness; as, the gravity of lead.
a.
Pertaining to, or causing, gravitation; as, gravic forces; gravic attraction.
pl.
of Gravity