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Genes regulating the development of anatomical structures in various organisms
Homeotic genes are genes which regulate the development of anatomical structures in various organisms such as echinoderms, insects, mammals, and plants
Homeotic_gene
Group of genes
version of the same Hox gene are similar enough to target the same downstream genes in flies. The fly Hox genes are named for the homeotic phenotypes that result
Hox_gene
misexpression of certain developmentally critical genes, specifically homeotic genes. In animals, these developmental genes specifically control the development of
Homeosis
Homeotic gene and MADS-box transcription factor
AGAMOUS (AG) is a homeotic gene and MADS-box transcription factor protein present in Arabidopsis thaliana. The TAIR AGI number is AT4G18960. Floral organ
Agamous
Homeotic selector genes confer segment identity in Drosophila. They encode homeodomain proteins which interact with Hox and other homeotic genes to initiate
Homeotic_selector_gene
Identification of different areas of development in an early embryo
of segments, homeotic genes can specify the identity of the segment. The homeotic genes are activated by gap genes and pair-rule genes. The Antennapedia
Regional_differentiation
Evolutionary algorithm
system. Multicellular systems are composed of more than one homeotic gene. Each homeotic gene in this system puts together a different combination of sub-expression
Gene_expression_programming
Model for genetics of flower development
that these homeotic genes determine an organ's identity becomes evident when a gene that represents a particular function, for example the A gene, is not
ABC model of flower development
ABC_model_of_flower_development
the coordinate gene, gap gene, pair-rule gene, segment polarity gene, and homeotic gene. In embryonic drosophila, the pair-rule gene defines odd-skipped
Segment_polarity_gene
Fusion of natural selection with Mendelian inheritance
discovered homeotic genes, showed that many so-called toolkit genes act to regulate development, influencing the expression of other genes. It also revealed
Modern synthesis (20th century)
Modern_synthesis_(20th_century)
Protein-coding gene in the species Drosophila melanogaster
Homeotic protein bicoid is encoded by the bcd maternal effect gene in Drosophilia. Homeotic protein bicoid concentration gradient patterns the anterior-posterior
Homeotic_protein_bicoid
DNA pattern affecting anatomy development
observed when some of these genes are mutated in animals. The homeobox domain was first identified in a number of Drosophila homeotic and segmentation proteins
Homeobox
Swiss developmental biologist (1939–2014)
imaginal discs. He performed studies of the heat shock genes, various transposons, and the homeotic genes which are involved in the genetic control of development
Walter_Jakob_Gehring
The Bithorax complex (BX-C) is one of two Drosophila melanogaster homeotic gene complexes, located on the right arm of chromosome 3. It is responsible
Bithorax_complex
Gene used to develop body sections in embryos
regions of knirps. The gap genes code for transcription factors that regulate the expression of pair-rule genes and homeotic genes by competing for binding
Gap_gene
Pair of small club-shaped insect organs
metamorphosis. If this gene is experimentally deactivated, the haltere will develop into a fully formed wing. This single homeotic gene change results in a
Halteres
Embryogenesis of the fruit fly Drosophila, a popular model system
fundamental types of genes that give way to the developmental structure of the fly: maternal effect genes, segmentation genes, and homeotic genes. The development
Drosophila_embryogenesis
Botanical term for a cluster of flowers
PMID 12271079. Schultz, E. A.; Haughn, G. W. (1991-08-01). "LEAFY, a Homeotic Gene That Regulates Inflorescence Development in Arabidopsis". The Plant
Inflorescence
Comparison of organism developmental processes
together with molecular genetics. A key early discovery was that of homeotic genes that regulate development in a wide range of eukaryotes. The field is
Evolutionary developmental biology
Evolutionary_developmental_biology
Protein family
development. Some MADS-box genes of flowering plants have homeotic functions like the HOX genes of animals. The floral homeotic MADS-box genes (such as AGAMOUS
MADS-box
American geneticist
biology at Indiana University, where he conducts his current research on Homeotic Genes in evolution and development. Kaufman enrolled in California State University
Thomas_Kaufman
Species of orchid
Reduction of evolutionary constraints by paralogues of class B floral homeotic genes". Annals of Botany. 104 (3): 583–594. doi:10.1093/aob/mcn258. PMC 2720651
Psychopsis_papilio
Varieties of flowers with extra petals
Feldmann & E.M. Meyerowitz (1990). "The protein encoded by the Arabidopsis homeotic gene agamous resembles transcription factors". Nature. 346 (6279): 35–39
Double-flowered
serially repeated defensive structures (spines). It can be studied using homeotic genes. It is believed to be a trait found in the most recent common ancestor
Heteronomous_annulation
Type of plant tissue involved in cell proliferation
identity genes, that both specify the floral organs and cause the termination of the production of stem cells. AGAMOUS (AG) is a floral homeotic gene required
Meristem
American biologist
the Antennapedia gene and, using those pieces as probes, the trio identified eight genes, which turned out to be the eight homeotic genes in flies. "That
Michael_Levine_(biologist)
Non-protein coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides
demethylase TET2. In Drosophila, long ncRNAs induce the expression of the homeotic gene, Ubx, by recruiting and directing the chromatin modifying functions
Long_non-coding_RNA
Family of proteins that play a role in chromatin remodeling
(H2AK119Ub1). In mammals Polycomb Group gene expression is important in many aspects of development like homeotic gene regulation and X chromosome inactivation
Polycomb-group_proteins
Family of transcription factors involved in anatomical development
PMID 36160018. Weigel D, Jürgens G, Küttner F, Seifert E, Jäckle H (1989). "The homeotic gene fork head encodes a nuclear protein and is expressed in the terminal
FOX_proteins
Species of moth
You, Minsheng (2016). "CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout of abdominal- A homeotic gene in the global pest, diamondback moth (plutella xylostella)". Insect
Diamondback_moth
doi:10.1242/jeb.002311. PMID 17449820. Genetic Science Learning Center. "Homeotic Genes and Body Patterns." Learn.Genetics 6 April 2016 <http://learn.genetics
Gene_redundancy
Model plant species in the family Brassicaceae
Meyerowitz EM (July 1990). "The protein encoded by the Arabidopsis homeotic gene agamous resembles transcription factors". Nature. 346 (6279): 35–9.
Arabidopsis_thaliana
of the ABC model of flower development via genetic analysis of floral homeotic mutants. The plant homeodomain finger is so named due to its discovery
History of research on Arabidopsis thaliana
History_of_research_on_Arabidopsis_thaliana
Genus of mammals
six cervical vertebrae, a number that may be due to mutations in the homeotic genes. All other mammals have seven cervical vertebrae, other than the two-toed
Manatee
Plant gene
LEAFY (abbreviated LFY) is a homeotic plant transcription factor that plays a key role in specifying that the undifferentiated cells present in an indeterminate
LEAFY
Process by which animal embryos form and develop
along this axis and it is thought that these are specified by the Hox homeotic genes. Toward the end of the second week after fertilization, transverse segmentation
Animal_embryonic_development
Protein found in humans
transformations, without affecting the functionality or location of homeotic genes. Complete removal of extradenticle both maternally and zygotically leads
PBX1
Series of molecular signals
PMID 3677169. S2CID 6282210. Greenwald I (December 1985). "lin-12, a nematode homeotic gene, is homologous to a set of mammalian proteins that includes epidermal
Notch_signaling_pathway
Study of developmental programs and patterns in plants from an evolutionary perspective
JI; et al. (2000). "Variation and Selection at the CAULIFLOWER Floral Homeotic Gene Accompanying the Evolution of Domesticated Brassica olerace". Genetics
Plant evolutionary developmental biology
Plant_evolutionary_developmental_biology
Control of growth and differentiation by deeply conserved genetic mechanisms
"algorithms". Within the metazoa, homeotic genes control differentiation along major body axes. One of these are the hox genes where the anterior-posterior
Deep_homology
Scientific study of life
together with molecular genetics. A key early discovery was that of homeotic genes that regulate development in a wide range of eukaryotes. The field explores
Biology
M33 maintains repressed states of developmentally important genes, including homeotic genes and forms nuclear complexes with other PcG members. e.g.BMI1
M33_(gene)
Development of limbs in vertebrates
field is a region specified by expression of certain Hox genes, a subset of homeotic genes, and T-box transcription factors – Tbx5 for forelimb or wing
Limb_development
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Spalt-like (SALL) gene family, SALL4. The SALL genes were identified based on their sequence homology to Spalt, which is a homeotic gene originally cloned
SALL4
American embryologist
an Xenopus laevis gene expressed during early embryogenesis that codes for a peptide region homologous to Drosophila homeotic genes: implications for
Edward_De_Robertis
Topics referred to by the same term
refer to: Bithorax complex (BX-C), one of two Drosophila melanogaster homeotic gene complexes bxc, ISO 639-3 code for Lengue language BXC, the NYSE code
BXC_(disambiguation)
Anatomical process in plants to produce flowers
the study of homeotic mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana and the snapdragon Antirrhinum majus. The ABCDE model proposes five classes of gene activity: A,
Flower_differentiation
Plant gene in Arabidopsis thaliana
DNA through a zinc finger binding motif acts as a regulator of floral homeotic genes, controlling the development of the flowers of Arabidopsis thaliana
Superman_(gene)
1999 popular science book by Matt Ridley
vertebrates. Ridley discusses 'gap' genes, 'pair-rule' genes, and 'segment-polarity' genes. Homeotic genes and Hox genes are described briefly. Walter Gehring's
Genome_(Ridley_book)
Reproductive structure in flowering plants
doi:10.1111/brv.12444. PMC 7379275. PMID 29998471. Murai, Koji (2013). "Homeotic genes and the ABCDE model for floral organ formation in wheat". Plants. 2
Flower
German-American biologist (born 1961)
2024. Weigel D, Jürgens G, Küttner F, Seifert E, Jäckle H (1989). "The homeotic gene fork head encodes a nuclear protein and is expressed in the terminal
Detlef_Weigel
American biologist (1918-2004)
Drosophila, including the discovery of the Drosophila Bithorax complex of homeotic genes and the elucidation of its function, helped found the field of evolutionary
Edward_B._Lewis
(2006). U.S. Patent Application 11/996,680. Carroll, S. B. (1995). "'"Homeotic genes and the evolution of arthropods and chordates". Nature. 376 (6540):
Hox genes in amphibians and reptiles
Hox_genes_in_amphibians_and_reptiles
One of six awards by the Wolf Foundation
exploration of the genetic control of the development of body segments by homeotic genes. 1990 Maclyn McCarty United States for his part in the demonstration
Wolf_Prize_in_Medicine
DNA-binding protein domain found in transcription factors
Weigel D, Jürgens G, Küttner F, Seifert E, Jäckle H (May 1989). "The homeotic gene fork head encodes a nuclear protein and is expressed in the terminal
Fork_head_domain
position-effect variegation suppressor gene Su(var)3-9 combines domains of antagonistic regulators of homeotic gene complexes". EMBO J. 13 (16): 3822–31
Position-effect_variegation
Graduate-level standardized test in the US
and early embryonic development (including positional information, homeotic genes, tissue-specific expression, nuclear and cytoplasmic interactions, growth
GRE Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology Test
GRE_Biochemistry,_Cell_and_Molecular_Biology_Test
Evolutionary change in the spatial arrangement of an organism's embryonic development
path than the other appendages. This is due to the common origin of homeotic genes. Another well-known example is the environmentally induced heterotopic
Heterotopy
Protein family
PMID 2758467. S2CID 8514017. Greenwald I (December 1985). "lin-12, a nematode homeotic gene, is homologous to a set of mammalian proteins that includes epidermal
Notch_proteins
Type of proteins that maintain gene expression
PMID 17320510. Ingham PW (1998). "trithorax and the regulation of homeotic gene expression in Drosophila: a historical perspective". Int. J. Dev. Biol
Trithorax-group_proteins
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
DNA sequences homologous to a protein coding region conserved between homeotic genes of Drosophila". Cell. 38 (3): 667–73. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90261-7
HOXB6
German biologist
PMID 20592728. S2CID 4405326. Eizinger, A.; Sommer, R. J. (1997). "The homeotic gene lin-39 and the evolution of nematode epidermal cell fates". Science
Ralf_J._Sommer
Hox gene
Antennapedia (abbreviated Antp) is a Hox gene first discovered in Drosophila which controls the formation of legs during development. Loss-of-function
Antennapedia
Genus of mammals
many as nine cervical vertebrae, which may be due to mutations in the homeotic genes. All other mammals have seven cervical vertebrae, other than the two-toed
Three-toed_sloth
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
homeotic proteins. Part of the Dlk1-DIO3 imprinting control region, this gene is one involved in the epigenetic process that causes a subset of genes
DLK1
Genus of mammals
few as five cervical vertebrae, which may be due to mutations in the homeotic genes. All other mammals have seven cervical vertebrae, other than the three-toed
Two-toed_sloth
Group of arthropods
June 25, 2009. Retrieved June 24, 2009. "Demise of the Atelocerata? Homeotic genes and the evolution of arthropods and chordates. The case of the velvet
Uniramia
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
muscle-specific genes. The MEF2 genes are members of the MADS gene family (named for the yeast mating type-specific transcription factor MCM1, the plant homeotic genes
Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A
Myocyte-specific_enhancer_factor_2A
Genus of bacteria
petunia flowers are related to transcriptional regulation of floral homeotic genes in an organ-specific manner". Plant Journal. 67 (6): 971–979. Bibcode:2011PlJ
Phytoplasma
Group of Hawaiian plants that show remarkable diversity
the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Asteraceae) inferred from floral homeotic gene duplications". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 16 (8): 1105–1113. doi:10
Silversword_alliance
Protein domain
TC, Kennison JA (February 1992). "brahma: a regulator of Drosophila homeotic genes structurally related to the yeast transcriptional activator SNF2/SWI2"
Bromodomain
containing homeobox responsive elements. The products of many homeotic genes, exemplified by the Hox genes, are of critical importance in developmental pathways
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (0–L)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(0–L)
German scientist
position-effect variegation suppressor gene Su(var)3–9 combines domains of antagonistic regulators of homeotic gene complexes". The EMBO Journal. 13 (16):
Thomas_Jenuwein
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
2011). "A long noncoding RNA maintains active chromatin to coordinate homeotic gene expression". Nature. 472 (7341): 120–124. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..120W
WDR5
American biologist
(Thesis). OCLC 10718565. Greenwald, Iva (1985-12-01). "lin-12, a nematode homeotic gene, is homologous to a set of mammalian proteins that includes epidermal
Iva_Greenwald
English biologist (1861–1926)
London : Macmillan 1894 xv, 598 p Genetic Science Learning Center. "Homeotic Genes and Body Patterns". Learn Genetics. University of Utah. Archived from
William_Bateson
Plant geneticist
Doyle, S.; Carpenter, R.; Coen, E.S. (1 July 1998). "Control of floral homeotic gene expression and organ morphogenesis in Antirrhinum". Development. 125
Paula_McSteen
DNA changes that regulate human traits
2011). "A long noncoding RNA maintains active chromatin to coordinate homeotic gene expression". Nature. 472 (7341): 120–124. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..120W
Epigenetics of human development
Epigenetics_of_human_development
the histone octamer itself. NURF is essential for the expression of homeotic genes. The ISWI ATPase specifically recognizes intact N-terminal histone tails
Nucleosome_remodeling_factor
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
oncogene qin belongs to the transcription factor family that includes the homeotic gene fork head". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (10): 4490–4. Bibcode:1993PNAS
FOXG1
Grade of flowering plant orders, within Lilianae
Reduction of evolutionary constraints by paralogues of class B floral homeotic genes", Annals of Botany, 104 (3): 583–594, doi:10.1093/aob/mcn258, PMC 2720651
Lilioid_monocots
Protein-coding gene in humans
repression of homeotic and other loci. The protein is thought to disrupt chromatin in localized areas, enhancing transcription of certain genes while repressing
ASXL1
Chromatin remodeling complex
Kennison, James A. (February 1992). "brahma: A regulator of Drosophila homeotic genes structurally related to the yeast transcriptional activator SNF2SWI2"
Mammalian SWI/SNF (BAF) complex
Mammalian_SWI/SNF_(BAF)_complex
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
domino gene of Drosophila encodes novel members of the SWI2/SNF2 family of DNA-dependent ATPases, which contribute to the silencing of homeotic genes". Development
SMARCA2
2011). "A long noncoding RNA maintains active chromatin to coordinate homeotic gene expression". Nature. 472 (7341): 120–124. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..120W
HOTTIP
Protein in Arabidopsis
(1996) The AINTEGUMENTA gene of Arabidopsis required for ovule and female gametophyte development is related to the floral homeotic gene APETALA2. Klucher,
Apetala_2
Hungarian geneticist
studies addressed heat shock genes, genes influencing positional effect variation, homeotic genes, and protein phosphatase genes. His publications appeared
János_Gausz
Protein-coding gene in humans
DNA sequences homologous to a protein coding region conserved between homeotic genes of Drosophila". Cell. 38 (3): 667–73. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90261-7
HOXB5
Public university in Minnesota, U.S.
Medicine in 1995 for his work on the Drosophila bithorax complex of homeotic genes. Cardiac surgery – C. Walton Lillehei pioneered open-heart surgery,
University_of_Minnesota
Protein family
2 gene encodes a heterochromatin protein 1 homolog and represses both FLOWERING LOCUS T to regulate flowering time and several floral homeotic genes".
Heterochromatin_protein_1
Canadian biologist (born 1958)
biochemistry in 1986 at Stanford for research into the Ultrabithorax homeotic gene and its products. Beachy is married to Katrin Andreasson and is the
Philip_A._Beachy
Protein found in humans
gene located at chromosomal band 1q22. ASH1L is the human homolog of Drosophila Ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic-like). Ash1 was discovered as a gene
ASH1L
French professor and neurobiologist
the scientific community, he proposes that cascades of regulation of homeotic genes (of the Hox family) are potentially involved in many stages of neuronal
Alain_Prochiantz
Human protein and coding gene
serine rich 1 (SPATS1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SPATS1 gene. It is also known by the aliases Dishevelled-DEP domain interacting protein
SPATS1
British plant geneticist
Robert; Murphy, George; Carpenter, Rosemary (1990). "floricaula: A homeotic gene required for flower development in antirrhinum majus". Cell. 63 (6):
Rosemary_Carpenter
Protein found in humans
intestinal cells into gastric epithelium; this can be considered a form of homeotic transformation. Conversely, the over-expression of CDX2 leads to the formation
Homeobox_protein_CDX-2
One of the parts of a holometabolous insect larva
discs in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster led to the discovery of homeotic mutations such as antennapedia, where the developmental fate of a disc
Imaginal_disc
Swiss biologist
Antennapedia gene in neurogenetic development. The Antennapedia gene is one of a family of homeotic genes that determine the identity of body segments. In 1971
Reinhard_F._Stocker
Protein-coding gene in humans
epigenetic silencing of homeotic genes. USP7 also controls histone H2A monoubiquitylation (H2AK119ub1), known to repress gene expression, by noncanonical
USP7
Protein-coding gene in humans
maintaining protein stability in cells. Near the SET domain are a plant homeotic domain (PHD) and FY-rich N/C-terminal (FYRN and FYRC) domains. The protein
KMT2D
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