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Explanatory matter inserted between a line of original text and its translation
In linguistics and pedagogy, an interlinear gloss is a gloss (series of brief explanations, such as definitions or pronunciations) placed between lines
Interlinear_gloss
List of interlinear glossing abbreviations
linguistic interlinear glossing of oral languages in English. The list provides conventional glosses as established by standard inventories of glossing abbreviations
List of glossing abbreviations
List_of_glossing_abbreviations
Brief marginal notation of the meaning of a word or wording in a text
A gloss is a brief notation, especially a marginal or interlinear one, of the meaning of a word or wording in a text. It may be in the language of the
Gloss_(annotation)
Topics referred to by the same term
Interlinear annotation can mean: Ruby text Interlinear gloss Kanbun This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Interlinear annotation
Interlinear_annotation
Grammatical relationship between arguments
In linguistics, morphosyntactic alignment is the grammatical relationship between arguments—specifically, between the two arguments (in English, subject
Morphosyntactic_alignment
Grammatical tense+aspect indicating an event will have finished by a future time
The future perfect is a verb form or construction used to describe an event that is expected or planned to happen before a time of reference in the future
Future_perfect
Grammatical phenomenon in Austronesian
(12) on page 63. Glosses and translations modified for the Wikipedia article. Taken from Blust (2013)'s Table 7.2 on page 439. Glosses and translations
Symmetrical_voice
Language of Senegal, the Gambia, and Mauritania
Wolof (/ˈwoʊlɒf/ WOH-lof; Wolof làkk, وࣷلࣷفْ لࣵکّ) is a Niger–Congo language spoken by the Wolof people in much of the West African subregion of Senegambia
Wolof_language
Sentences that appear to make sense but actually do not
In linguistics, a comparative illusion (CI) or Escher sentence is a comparative sentence which initially seems to be acceptable but upon closer reflection
Comparative_illusion
Greek adjective used in the Lord's Prayer
and case with the noun it qualifies, ἄρτον, arton ("bread"). In an interlinear gloss: Τὸν The ἄρτον bread ἡμῶν our τὸν the ἐπιούσιον epiousion-one δὸς
Epiousion
Endangered Salishan language of the US
Coeur d'Alene (French: Cœur d'Alène), known to its speakers as Snchitsu’umshtsn, is a Salishan language. It was spoken by only two of the 800 individuals
Coeur_d'Alene_language
Language classification
In linguistic typology, the object–subject–verb (OSV) or object–agent–verb (OAV) word order is a structure where the object of a sentence precedes both
Object–subject–verb word order
Object–subject–verb_word_order
Inuit numeral system for a base-20 counting system
You may need rendering support to display the uncommon Unicode characters in this article correctly. The Kaktovik numerals or Kaktovik Iñupiaq numerals
Kaktovik_numerals
Fictional language
</noinclude> Chakobsa is a fictional language spoken by the Fremen in Frank Herbert's novel Dune (1965). The language was further developed by David and
Chakobsa_(Dune)
Ontology for descriptive linguistics
When glossed, each line of the original text acquires one or more lines of transcription known as an interlinear text or interlinear glossed text (IGT)—interlinear
Linguistic_categories
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up gloss in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Gloss may refer to: Gloss (annotation), an explanatory note in a text, such as: Interlinear gloss, in linguistics
Gloss
Syntactic phenomenon
In syntax, sluicing is a type of ellipsis that occurs in both direct and indirect interrogative clauses. The ellipsis is introduced by a wh-expression
Sluicing
Magnetic confinement device used to produce thermonuclear fusion power
A tokamak (/ˈtoʊkəmæk/; Russian: токамáк) is a machine which uses a powerful magnetic field generated by external magnets to confine plasma in the shape
Tokamak
Kipchak Turkic language
Kazakh is a Turkic language of the Kipchak branch spoken in Central Asia by the Kazakhs. It is closely related to Nogai, Kyrgyz and Karakalpak. It is the
Kazakh_language
Grammatical case
In grammar, the instrumental case (abbreviated ins or instr) is a grammatical case used to indicate that a noun is the instrument or means by or with which
Instrumental_case
Language
polarity particles. *Note that the postverbal particle is glossed as FOC here. Since its glossing in the literature is not consistent and therefore its syntactic
Dagaare_language
Fictional languages in "Game of Thrones"
The Valyrian languages are a fictional language family in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin, and in their television
Valyrian_languages
Medieval school of Roman law
texts (glosa marginalis) or between the lines (glosa interlinearis - interlinear glosses). Later these were gathered into large collections, first copied
Glossator
Word used with a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun
demonstratives, possessive determiners, and quantifiers. In linguistic interlinear glossing, articles are abbreviated as art. A definite article is an article
Article_(grammar)
Magiera The Messianic Aleph Tav Interlinear Scriptures: Volume Four Gospels (2016) and Messianic Aleph Tav Interlinear Scriptures: Volume Five Acts-Revelation
List of English Bible translations
List_of_English_Bible_translations
Subgroup of the Austroasiatic language family
The Aslian languages (/ˈæsliən/) are the southernmost branch of Austroasiatic languages spoken on the Malay Peninsula. They are the languages of many of
Aslian_languages
Grammar of the Georgian language
"I am writing a letter to my mother" can be expressed as follows (the glosses use the abbreviations NOM = nominative case, DAT = dative case, PRES =
Georgian_grammar
Logical connective OR
In logic, disjunction (also known as logical disjunction, logical or, logical addition, or inclusive disjunction) is a logical connective typically notated
Logical_disjunction
Indigenous language spoken in parts of Mexico
meet-ITER-FUT-3IND Maria-LOC 'He'll meet him at María's place' Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (help); The instrumental case is marked by the particle
Purépecha_language
Collection of annotations to the Corpus Iuris Civilis by Accursius
Corpus Iuris Civilis with glossa interlinearis ('interlinear gloss') or glossa marginalis ('marginal gloss') and made this Byzantine law collection of the
Glossa_ordinaria_(Accursius)
Type of grammatical voice
The antipassive voice (abbreviated antip or ap) is a type of grammatical voice that either does not include the object or includes the object in an oblique
Antipassive_voice
Grammatical voice
Active voice is a grammatical voice prevalent in many of the world's languages. It is the default voice for clauses that feature a transitive verb in
Active_voice
Polynesian language spoken in Tokelau
Tokelauan (/toʊkəˈlaʊən/) is a Polynesian language spoken in Tokelau and historically by the small population of Swains Island (or Olohega) in American
Tokelauan_language
Linguistic category
In linguistics, the term nominal refers to a category used to group together nouns and adjectives based on shared properties. The motivation for nominal
Nominal_(linguistics)
Japanese method of reading Literary Chinese
The Unicode block for kanbun is U+3190..319F: Gugyeol Idu script Interlinear gloss Chữ Nôm Giải âm Wakan Konko Bun Hannas (1997:32) Watson 1975. Watson
Kanbun
Grammatical case
The benefactive case (abbreviated ben, or sometimes b when it is a core argument) is a grammatical case typically used where English would use "for", "for
Benefactive_case
Fictional language
Grammatical Cases Name Suffix Example English Gloss Nominative no suffix yob the crystal (subject). Accusative -tem yobtem the crystal (object). Genitive
Atlantean_language
Italo-Romance language spoken in Italy
Neapolitan (autonym: ('o n)napulitano [(o n)napuliˈtɑːnə]; Italian: napoletano), also known as Intermediate Southern Italian, is a Romance language of
Neapolitan_language
Oldest surviving complete piece of music
The Seikilos epitaph is an Ancient Greek inscription that preserves the oldest surviving complete musical composition, including musical notation. Commonly
Seikilos_epitaph
Sorani is a Central Kurdish dialect. Sorani Kurdish is often written with the Arabic alphabet, and has eight vowels: î[i], û[u], i[I], u[ʊ], ê[e], o[o]
Central_Kurdish_grammar
Athabaskan language
Gwichʼin (Dinju Zhuh Kʼyuu) is an Athabaskan language spoken by the Gwichʼin First Nation (in Canada) and Alaska Native People (in the United States).
Gwichʼin_language
Grammatical case
The equative case (abbreviated equ) is a grammatical case prototypically expressing the standard of comparison of equal values ("as… as…"). The equative
Equative_case
Eastern Nilotic language
Maasai (previously spelled Masai) or Maa (English: /ˈmɑːsaɪ/ MAH-sye; autonym: ɔl Maa) is an Eastern Nilotic language spoken in Southern Kenya and Northern
Maasai_language
Panoan language spoken in Brazil
Matis is a language spoken by the indigenous Matis people in the state of Amazonas in Brazil, on the border of Brazil and Peru. There are currently an
Matis_language
Saharan language of eastern Niger and northern Chad
Daza (also known as Dazaga) is a Nilo-Saharan language spoken by the Daza people (a sub-group of the Toubou people inhabiting northern Chad and eastern
Daza_language
Language of the Yupik family
already used in glosses to separate morphemes, there is potential for confusion as to whether a morpheme is a suffix or an enclitic, so in glosses the equals
Central_Alaskan_Yupʼik
Indo-Aryan dialect spoken in India
Khortha is an Indo-Aryan language spoken primarily in the Indian state of Jharkhand, mainly in 13 districts of two divisions: North Chotanagpur, and Santhal
Khortha_language
Tungusic language of eastern Russia and China
Evenki (/eɪˈvɛŋki/ ay-VEN-kee), or Tungus, is the largest member of the northern group of Tungusic languages, a group which also includes Even, Negidal
Evenki_language
Class of language where a sentence subject is not required
In linguistic typology, a null-subject language is a language whose grammar permits an independent clause to lack an explicit subject; such a clause is
Null-subject_language
Fictional language in Far Cry Primal
Wenja is a constructed fictional language in the video game Far Cry Primal, developed by Ubisoft. It is spoken by the Wenja, a fictional nomadic people
Wenja_language
Chapacuran language of Brazil and Bolivia
The Wariʼ language (also Orowari, Wari, Pacaá Novo, Pacaás Novos, Pakaa Nova, Pakaásnovos) is the sole remaining vibrant language of the Chapacuran language
Wariʼ_language
Small characters that show pronunciation
written in chữ Hán or chữ Nôm may be glossed with chữ quốc ngữ ruby for modern readers. Sometimes interlinear glosses are visually similar to ruby, appearing
Ruby_character
8th century Anglo-Saxon psalm book
in the second or third quarter of the 8th century. It contains an interlinear gloss in Old English which is the oldest extant English translation of any
Vespasian_Psalter
Arabic language spoken in the Persian Gulf
Gulf Arabic or Khaleeji (خليجي Ḫalīji, local pronunciation: [χɑˈliːd͡ʒi] or اللهجة الخليجية el-lahja el-Ḫalījiyya, [(ə)lˈlɑhd͡ʒɐ lχɑliːˈd͡ʒɪj.jɐ]) is a
Gulf_Arabic
Critically endangered Tungusic language
2008. By Victor H. Mair with a complete transcription and word-for-word glosses of the Manchu translation by H. T. Toh Portals: China History Languages
Manchu_language
Extinct ancient language of Mesopotamia
This article contains cuneiform script. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of cuneiform script
Hurrian_language
Basic word order type
Gloss 錫 sek3 kiss Verb 公雞 gung1 gai1 chicken Object 錫 公雞 sek3 {gung1 gai1} kiss chicken Verb Object 嗰 go2 that 隻 zek3 CL 老鼠 lou5 syu2 mouse Subject
Verb–object–subject word order
Verb–object–subject_word_order
Totonacan language cluster of eastern Mexico
Totonac is a Totonacan language cluster of Mexico, spoken across a number of central Mexican states by the Totonac people. It is a Mesoamerican language
Totonac_languages
Language in Nepal, Bhutan and India
Chamling is one of the Kirati languages spoken by the Chamling people, a subgroup of the Kirat (Horsungchha, Dikhalichha,Terahachha, Mulihachha, Ditumachha
Chamling_language
Coast Salish language in British Columbia
Sechelt (/ˈsiːʃɛlt/; also called she shashishalhem; Sechelt: sháshíshalh-em, IPA: [ʃaʃiʃaɬəm]) is a Coast Salish language spoken by the Sechelt (shíshálh)
Sechelt_language
Algonquian language of Canada
Woods Cree is an indigenous language spoken in Northern Manitoba, Northern Saskatchewan and Northern Alberta, Canada. It is part of the Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi
Woods_Cree
Affix inserted inside a word stem
outside of a stem, such as a prefix or suffix. When marking text for interlinear glossing, most affixes are separated with a hyphen, but infixes are separated
Infix
Language spoken in Papua New Guinea
Mekeo is a language spoken in Papua New Guinea and had 19,000 speakers in 2003. It is an Oceanic language of the Papuan Tip Linkage. The two major villages
Mekeo_language
Gur language of Ghana
second negative marker. This glottal stop is not always included in the glossing. Wá-kàn 3SG.CL1-NEG kpì die dōnláʔ. year.DEM.NEG Wá-kàn kpì dōnláʔ. 3SG
Buli_language_(Ghana)
Chibchan language spoken in Central America
Ngäbere, also known as Guaymí, Movere, Chiriquí, and Valiente, is a Chibchan language spoken by the Indigenous Ngäbe people in Panama and Costa Rica. The
Ngäbere
Dravidian language
Telugu (/ˈtɛlʊɡuː/ ; తెలుగు, Telugu pronunciation: [ˈt̪eluɡu]) is a Dravidian language native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, where
Telugu_language
Qiangic language spoken in Tibet and China
Northern Qiang is a Sino-Tibetan language of the Qiangic branch, more specifically falling under the Tibeto-Burman family. It is spoken by approximately
Northern_Qiang_language
Eastern Indo-Aryan language
This article contains special characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols. Rohingya (𐴌𐴗𐴥𐴝𐴙𐴚𐴒𐴙𐴝
Rohingya_language
Cantonese is an analytic language in which the arrangement of words in a sentence is important to its meaning. A basic sentence is in the form of SVO,
Cantonese_grammar
Northeast Caucasian language
Bats (Batsbur Mott, or Batsba Moṭṭ, ბაცბა მოტტ, [batsʰba motʼː]), also known as Batsbi, Batsi, Batsb, Batsaw, or Tsova-Tush) is the endangered language
Bats_language
Sign language predominantly used in Germany
can't be bothered cleaning the apartment.' The Personal Agreement Marker (glossed as "PAM"), which looks almost like the sign for "person" and may be accompanied
German_Sign_Language
West Hmongic dialect continuum
This article contains Pahawh Hmong Unicode characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of
Hmong_language
Phoenician inscription found in Byblos
The Safatba'al inscription or the Shipitbaal inscription is a Phoenician inscription (KAI 7, TSSI III 9) found in Byblos in 1936, published in 1945. It
Safatba'al_inscription
Grammar of the Cebuano language
Gloss Neutral Masculine Feminine friend higala amigo amiga boastful hambog hambogero hambogera spouse kapikas bana asawa
Cebuano_grammar
Type of morphosyntactic alignment
In linguistic typology, nominative–absolutive alignment is a type of morphosyntactic alignment in which the sole argument of an intransitive verb shares
Nominative–absolutive alignment
Nominative–absolutive_alignment
Endangered Yupik language spoken by the Siberian Yupik people near the Bering Strait
Central Siberian Yupik (also known as Akuzipik, Yupigestun, and St. Lawrence Island Yupik, is an endangered Yupik language spoken by the Indigenous Siberian
Central Siberian Yupik language
Central_Siberian_Yupik_language
Grammatical case denoting accompaniment
In grammar, the comitative case (abbreviated com) is a grammatical case that denotes accompaniment. In English, the preposition "with", in the sense of
Comitative_case
Grammar of the Navajo language
Noun stem Gloss Inflected béésh "knife" bibéézh bi- 3.POSS béézh knife bi- béézh 3.POSS knife "her knife" hééł "pack" shiyéél shi- 1SG.POSS yéél pack
Navajo_grammar
Mathematical symbol of equality
commonly used as a substitute for a double hyphen. In linguistic interlinear glosses, an equals sign is conventionally used to mark clitic boundaries:
Equals_sign
Language in Maluku
Ambonese Malay or simply Ambonese is a Malay-based creole language spoken on Ambon Island in the Maluku Islands of Eastern Indonesia. It was first brought
Ambonese_Malay
East Bodish language of north-central Bhutan
The Bumthang language (Dzongkha: བུམ་ཐང་ཁ་, Wylie: bum thang kha; also called Bhumtam, Bumtang(kha), Bumtanp, Bumthapkha, and Kebumtamp) is an East Bodish
Bumthang_language
Austroasiatic language
This article contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. Khmer
Khmer_language
Northeastern Turkic language
Khakas, also known as Xakas (Khakas: Хакас тілі, romanized: Xakas tĕlĕ or тадар тілі, Tadar tĕlĕ), is a Turkic language spoken by the Khakas, who mainly
Khakas_language
Karluk Turkic language
Uzbek is a Karluk Turkic language spoken by Uzbeks. It is the official and national language of Uzbekistan and formally succeeded Chagatai, an earlier
Uzbek_language
pronouns are added to specific slots in relative verb forms and thus may be glossed as either REL "relative" or REF "reference". The independent relative pronouns
Swahili_grammar
Digital collections of natural language data
corpus is not a working language of the researchers who use it, interlinear glossing is used to make the annotation bilingual.[citation needed] Some corpora
Text_corpus
Indigenous language of South America
where I was staying" (as cited in Estigarribia & Pinta, pg. 241) Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (help); Example 2 Ndee You re-ke-a A2SG-sleep-NMLZ ja while
Guarani_language
Sepik language spoken in Papua New Guinea
The Yimas language is spoken by the Yimas people, who populate the Sepik River Basin region of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken primarily in Yimas village
Yimas_language
Tsimshianic language
Tsimshian, known by its speakers as Sm'algya̱x, is a dialect of the Tsimshian language spoken in northwestern British Columbia and southeastern Alaska
Coast_Tsimshian_dialect
Papuan language spoken in Indonesia
Moi is a West Papuan language of the Bird's Head Peninsula of New Guinea. [ʔ] is in free variation with /k/ in word-final position. /i, u/ can also be
Moi_language
Northern Siberian Turkic language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around
Yakut_language
Bantu language spoken in the Congo
The Fuliiru language (autonym: Kifuliiru; also spelled Fuliru) is a Great Lakes Bantu language spoken by the Fuliru people in the eastern Democratic Republic
Fuliiru_language
System of word ordering
In linguistic typology, a verb–subject–object (VSO) language has its most typical sentences arrange their elements in that order, as in Ate Sam apples
Verb–subject–object word order
Verb–subject–object_word_order
Feature of language
کہیوان چہے Transcription => mye eny swa kuur => ywas tsũũţh khyevaan chhi Gloss => I brought that girl => who apples eating is Parts Main clause => Subject
Subject–object–verb word order
Subject–object–verb_word_order
Endangered indigenous language of Ecuador and Colombia
that appear after the stem. There are no known prefixes or proclitics. In glossed content, suffixes are typically notated with a hyphen, and clitics are
Cofán_language
Form of linguistic discontinuity
know not, what who seen has "I do not know what who has seen" In a., the gloss shows that the wh-phrase [what] has "crossed over" wh-phrase [who] and is
Wh-movement
In linguistics, a co-construction is a single syntactic entity in conversation and discourse that is uttered by two or more speakers. Other names for this
Co-construction_(linguistics)
Gbe language
Fon (fɔ̀ngbè, pronounced [fɔ̃̀ɡ͡bē]), also known as Dahomean or Beninese, is the language of the Fon people. It belongs to the Gbe group within the larger
Fon_language
Reconstructed ancestor of the Micronesian languages
Proto-Micronesian (abbreviated as PMc) is the reconstructed ancestor of the Micronesian languages. It belongs to the Oceanic branch of the Austronesian
Proto-Micronesian_language
Micronesian language
Gilbertese (taetae ni Kiribati), also known as Kiribati (sometimes Kirabatese or Tungaru), is an Austronesian language spoken mainly in Kiribati. It belongs
Gilbertese_language
INTERLINEAR GLOSS
INTERLINEAR GLOSS
Girl/Female
Danish, Dutch, Finnish, German, Latin, Scandinavian, Swedish
Ruler of the Home; Jet-black Gemstone; A Deep or Glossy Black
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian
A Deep, Glossy Black; Jet Black Gem; Coal Black
Girl/Female
German
Glossy
Surname or Lastname
English
English : ostensibly an occupational name for a laborer, from Middle English work + man. According to a gloss cited by Reaney the term was used in the Middle Ages to denote an ambidextrous person, and the surname may also be a nickname in this sense.
Surname or Lastname
German
German : variant of Klaus, a reduced form of the personal name Nikolaus, German form of Nicholas.English : nickname for a flatterer, from Old French glose ‘flattery’.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from Old French corp ‘raven’, probably applied as a nickname for someone with glossy dark hair. In some cases the English name may be derived from the cognate Old Norse korpr.
INTERLINEAR GLOSS
INTERLINEAR GLOSS
Girl/Female
Hindu
Adorned with beautiful garlands
Boy/Male
Hindu
Variant of Jaydev (God has heard
Boy/Male
British, English
Great Man's Home
Boy/Male
Indian
King; Part of Lord Krishna
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Millsap.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
One who gives protection
Boy/Male
Tamil
sreekantan | à®·à¯à®°à¯€à®•à®¾à®‚தந
Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Happy; Kind
Girl/Female
Tamil
Sarmala | ஸரà¯à®®à®¾à®‚லா
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
She was a Female Companion who Performed Surgery on the Injured in a Tent Setup in the Mosque
INTERLINEAR GLOSS
INTERLINEAR GLOSS
INTERLINEAR GLOSS
INTERLINEAR GLOSS
INTERLINEAR GLOSS
imp. & p. p.
of Interline
a.
Pertaining to both the tongue and the pharynx; -- applied especially to the ninth pair of cranial nerves, which are distributed to the pharynx and tongue. -- n. One of the glossopharyngeal nerves.
v. t.
To mark or imprint with lines.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Interline
a.
Alt. of Interlinear
n.
A book containing interlineations.
n.
A mark [^] used by writers and proof readers to indicate that something is interlined above, or inserted in the margin, which belongs in the place marked by the caret.
n.
Alt. of Glossolaly
a.
Contained between lines; written or inserted between lines already written or printed; containing interlineations; as, an interlinear manuscript, translation, etc.
n.
The definition and explanation of terms; a glossary.
superl.
Smooth; specious; plausible; as, glossy deceit.
a.
Alt. of Interlunary
superl.
Smooth and shining; reflecting luster from a smooth surface; highly polished; lustrous; as, glossy silk; a glossy surface.
a.
Of or pertaining to glossology.
v. t.
To arrange in alternate lines; as, to interline Latin and English.
n.
An interpretation, consisting of one or more words, interlinear or marginal; an explanatory note or comment; a running commentary.
a.
Pertaining to both the hyoidean arch and the tongue; -- applied to the anterior segment of the hyoidean arch in many fishes. -- n. The glossohyal bone or cartilage; lingual bone; entoglossal bone.
v. t.
To write or insert between lines already written or printed, as for correction or addition; to write or print something between the lines of; as, to interline a page or a book.
a.
Interlinear.
n.
That which is interlined; a passage, word, or line inserted between lines already written or printed.