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Norwegian-American physical chemist and theoretical physicist (1903-1976)
Lars Onsager (27 November 1903 – 5 October 1976) was a Norwegian American physical chemist and theoretical physicist. He held the Gibbs Professorship
Lars_Onsager
Surname list
Onsager is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Lars Onsager (1903–1976), Norwegian–American physical chemist and theoretical physicist
Onsager
Relations between flows and forces, or gradients, in thermodynamic systems
In thermodynamics, the Onsager reciprocal relations express the equality of certain ratios between flows and forces in thermodynamic systems out of equilibrium
Onsager_reciprocal_relations
Statistical physics award by the American Physics Society
The Lars Onsager Prize is a prize in theoretical statistical physics awarded annually by the American Physical Society. Prize recipients receive a medal
Lars_Onsager_Prize
Observational basis of thermodynamics
only one combination) and ln ( 1 ) = 0 {\displaystyle \ln(1)=0} . The Onsager reciprocal relations have been considered the fourth law of thermodynamics
Laws_of_thermodynamics
Summary of dynamics of a stochastic process
The Onsager–Machlup function is a function that summarizes the dynamics of a continuous stochastic process. It is used to define a probability density
Onsager–Machlup_function
Branch of thermodynamics
rate of dissipation of energy (Rayleigh 1873, Onsager 1931, also), time rate of entropy production (Onsager 1931), thermodynamic fields, dissipative structure
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics
Non-equilibrium_thermodynamics
The Onsager Medal (Norwegian: Onsagermedaljen) is a scholastic presentation awarded to researchers in one or more subject areas of chemistry, physics
Onsager_Medal
Norwegian painter (1878–1946)
Søren Onsager (6 October 1878 – 28 November 1946) was a Norwegian painter. Onsager was born at Holmestrand in Vestfold, Norway. His parents were Martin
Søren_Onsager
Understanding of gas properties in terms of molecular motion
terms of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (for Brownian motion) and the Onsager reciprocal relations. The theory was historically significant as the first
Kinetic_theory_of_gases
Principle in kinetic systems
constants that follow from the principle of detailed balance. In 1931, Lars Onsager used these relations in his works, for which he was awarded the 1968 Nobel
Detailed_balance
Model describing the departures from ideality in solutions of electrolytes and plasmas
modified their theory in 1926 and their theory was further modified by Lars Onsager in 1927. All the postulates of the original theory were retained. In addition
Debye–Hückel_theory
American physicist (born 1965)
thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, for which he was awarded the 2019 Lars Onsager Prize. In 1997, he derived the now famous Jarzynski equality, confirmation
Christopher_Jarzynski
State of matter with properties of both conventional liquids and crystals
predicts lyotropic phase transitions is the hard-rod model proposed by Lars Onsager. This theory considers the volume excluded from the center-of-mass of one
Liquid_crystal
Mathematical model of ferromagnetism in statistical mechanics
harder and was only given an analytic description much later, by Lars Onsager (1944). It is usually solved by a transfer-matrix method, although there
Ising_model
Measure of the ability of a solution containing electrolytes to conduct electricity
of concentration dependence and additivity of ionic contributions. Lars Onsager gave a theoretical explanation of Kohlrausch's law by extending Debye–Hückel
Conductivity_(electrolytic)
Exchange of mass, energy, and momentum between observed and studied systems
by Lars Onsager using statistical mechanics as a consequence of the time reversibility of microscopic dynamics. The theory developed by Onsager is much
Transport_phenomena
Transport of dissolved species from the highest to the lowest concentration region
L_{ij}} is Onsager's matrix of kinetic transport coefficients. The thermodynamic forces for the transport processes were introduced by Onsager as the space
Diffusion
Quantized flux circulation of some physical quantity
quantum vortices was first predicted by Lars Onsager in 1949 in connection with superfluid helium. Onsager reasoned that quantisation of vorticity is a
Quantum_vortex
equation Phase rule Kopp's law Noro–Frenkel law of corresponding states Onsager reciprocal relations Stefan number Thermodynamics Timeline of thermodynamics
Table of thermodynamic equations
Table_of_thermodynamic_equations
Australian and American mathematician (born 1975)
Onsager Medal for: "his combination of mathematical depth, width and volume in a manner unprecedented in contemporary mathematics". His Lars Onsager lecture
Terence_Tao
French physicist
director of ESPCI ParisTech since 2003. He is the recipient of the 2024 Lars Onsager Prize in theoretical statistical physics by the American Physical Society
Jacques_Prost
Property of a thermodynamic system
(1983). An Introduction to Thermomechanics. Amsterdam.: North Holland. Onsager, Lars (1931). "Reciprocal Relations in Irreversible Processes". Phys. Rev
Entropy
Model in statistical mechanics
interactions, yet having an analytical solution. The model was solved by Lars Onsager for the special case that the external magnetic field H = 0. An analytical
Square_lattice_Ising_model
American physicist (born 1948)
focuses on applications to quantum computers. Friedan received the 2010 Lars Onsager Prize from the American Physical Society "for seminal work on the classification
Daniel_Friedan
Particle, atom or molecule with a net electrical charge
layers due to lack of dipole moments. Nevertheless, pioneering works by Onsager, Fuoss, Kraus in 20th century proved that ions can dissolve in nonpolar
Ion
Time reversal symmetry in physics
implies two important laws: the principle of detailed balance and the Onsager reciprocal relations. T-symmetry of the microscopic description together
T-symmetry
Russian mathematician (born 1956)
Prize in 1988 for his work in harmonic analysis. He also received the Lars Onsager medal in 2004. He is currently a University Distinguished Professor at
Alexander_Volberg
American theoretical physicist (1918–2010)
where she used applied spinor analysis to rederive the result of Lars Onsager on the partition function of the two-dimensional Ising model, and to the
Bruria_Kaufman
Czechoslovak–US mathematical physicist
supervision of Peter G. Bergmann. He then continued his research with Lars Onsager, at Yale University, where he attained a faculty position. He moved to
Joel_Lebowitz
Concept in chemistry and physics
constants of the reverse reactions (in the "anticlockwise" direction). Lars Onsager (1931) used these relations in his well-known work, without direct citation
Microscopic_reversibility
Country in Northern Europe
development of numerical weather prediction. Norwegian chemists like Lars Onsager, a Nobel laureate, and Odd Hassel, recognised for his work in stereochemistry
Norway
Indian physicist
elected to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 2014, received the Lars Onsager Prize from the American Physical Society and the Dirac Medal from the ICTP
Subir_Sachdev
American mathematician (1925–2012)
1989 – elected to the National Academy of Sciences. 1995 – awarded the Onsager Medal. 1997 – received an honorary degree (dr. philos. h.c.) from The Norwegian
Frederick_Gehring
British theoretical physicist (born 1941)
reportedly part of the inspiration for China's lunar gravity research facility. Onsager Medal, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2001 Gibbs Lecturer
Michael_Berry_(physicist)
American horror anthology franchise
Miska, Gary Binkow, Gregg Bishop, Dan Caudill, Stephen Caudill and Nils Onsager Parallel Monsters Nacho Vigalondo Brad Miska, Gary Binkow, Nahikari Ipiña
V/H/S_(franchise)
Physical quantity
Nanoscience (2nd ed.). Garland Science. pp. 212–213. ISBN 978-1-1366-7299-6. Onsager, L. (1931). "Reciprocal relations in irreversible processes". Physical
Energy
Material that can form magnetic vortices
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov, who was elaborating on the ideas by Lars Onsager and Richard Feynman of quantum vortices in superfluids. Abrikosov compared
Type-II_superconductor
Indian mathematician (1937–2019)
in 1972 and the Enright–Varadarajan modules in 1975. He was awarded the Onsager Medal in 1998 for his work. He was recognized along with 23 Indian and
Veeravalli_S._Varadarajan
Swiss physicist (born 1950)
Jagiellonian University (2006), Lindhard Lecture (2010), Lars Onsager Lecture and Onsager Medal (2011), Distinguished scientist award and David Ben Gurion
Peter_Hänggi
English physicist (1931–2021)
transitions and critical phenomena during the past 25 years" Fisher won the Lars Onsager Prize in 1995 "for his numerous and seminal contributions to statistical
Michael_Fisher
Physical process of transition between basic states of matter
was the exact solution of the Ising model, discovered in 1944 by Lars Onsager. The exact specific heat differed from the earlier mean-field approximations
Phase_transition
British physicist
and Prize from the British Institute of Physics in 1981, and the Lars Onsager Prize from the American Physical Society in 2000, especially, for his work
J._Michael_Kosterlitz
Thermodynamic potential of entropy, analogous to the free energy
entropies frequently appear as the logarithm of a partition function. The Onsager reciprocal relations in particular, are developed in terms of entropic
Free_entropy
Norwegian businessman and politician (1877-1943)
Johannes Onsager Brecke (1 October 1877 – 28 April 1943) was a Norwegian businessperson and politician for the Conservative Party. He was born in Drammen
Johannes_Brecke
American mathematician and physicist (born 1941)
American Philosophical Society in 1990. In 2001, he was awarded the Lars Onsager Prize. In 2003, he was awarded the Wolf Prize in physics for his work on
Bertrand_Halperin
Thermodynamic quantity
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Heat_capacity_ratio
Canadian physicist (1952–2024)
UBC Physics & Astronomy". phas.ubc.ca. Retrieved 2024-10-09. "2012 Lars Onsager Prize Recipient". American Physical Society Sites. Retrieved 11 March 2014
Ian_Affleck
British physicist (1934–2019)
(1990), the Paul Dirac Medal of the Institute of Physics (1993), the Lars Onsager Prize of the American Physical Society (2000), and the Nobel Prize in Physics
David_Thouless
Theoretical Physicist
Max Planck medal among other awards and recognitions. He won the Lars Onsager prize from American Physical Society in 2015 for his contributions to Statistical
Franz_Wegner
Physical law for definition of temperature
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Zeroth_law_of_thermodynamics
Capital and most populous city of Norway
(1896–1968), politician, first Secretary-General of the United Nations Lars Onsager (1903–1976), physical chemist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1968 Johan Galtung
Oslo
Russian physicist
Blaise Pascal Chair at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris 2011: Lars Onsager Prize, together with Alexander Belavin and Alexander Polyakov, "for the
Alexander_Zamolodchikov
American physicist
received the 1998 TWAS award in physics. In 2009 he received the Lars Onsager Prize for "pioneering work in developing and solving models of strongly
B._Sriram_Shastry
Theorem of thermodynamics of non-equilibrium processes
by Prigogine in 1947 from the Onsager relations. Prigogine's theorem is valid if the kinetic coefficients in the Onsager relations are constant (do not
Prigogine's_theorem
British–American theoretical physicist
Dirac Medal of the Institute of Physics (UK) in 2000, was awarded the Lars Onsager Prize by the APS in 2004, the Boltzmann Medal by IUPAP in 2010, the Dirac
John_Cardy
Lars Onsager won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. After the news, a journalist announced it to Onsager's wife
Relationship between chemistry and physics
Relationship_between_chemistry_and_physics
Branch of physics
crystal Polymer Scientists Van der Waals Onnes von Laue Bragg Debye Bloch Onsager Mott Peierls Landau Luttinger Anderson Van Vleck Hubbard Shockley Bardeen
Condensed_matter_physics
American physicist (1932–2024)
the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters, and received the Onsager Medal in 2006 at NTNU (Norway). He has also served on the Physics Advisory
John_R._Klauder
American physicist (born 1955)
Theoretical Physics by the Simons Foundation. In 2020 he received the Lars Onsager Prize with Yuhai Tu and Tamás Vicsek. In 2019–-20 he was a Gutzwiller Fellow
John_Toner_(physicist)
Force distributed over an area
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Pressure
Idealized thermodynamic cycle
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Carnot_cycle
Energy contained within a system
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Internal_energy
Iranian-American physicist
Mathematics and Theoretical Physics 2025 the IUPAP Boltzmann Medal 2026 Lars Onsager Prize, American Physical Society His following courses are currently available
Mehran_Kardar
State of matter
arXiv:cond-mat/0102003. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/13/12/201. S2CID 118913736. Onsager, L. (1 March 1949). "Statistical hydrodynamics". Il Nuovo Cimento. 6 (2):
Bose–Einstein_condensate
Name list
Danish cyclist Lars Olsen Skrefsrud (1840–1910), Norwegian missionary Lars Onsager (1903–1976), Norwegian chemist and Nobel laureate Lars Pensjö, creator
Lars
Body of matter in a state of internal equilibrium
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Thermodynamic_system
German chemist (1868–1934)
Mulliken 1967: Manfred Eigen / Ronald Norrish / George Porter 1968: Lars Onsager 1969: Derek Barton / Odd Hassel 1970: Luis Federico Leloir 1971: Gerhard
Fritz_Haber
Physics of heat, work, and temperature
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Thermodynamics
Argentine-Italian statistical physicist (born 1959)
in 2005. In 2025 he shared with JP Bouchaud and L Cugliandolo the Lars Onsager Prize from the American Physical Society. Bes, D R; Kurchan, J (1990).
Jorge_Kurchan
Cylinder with hemispherical ends
6..289K. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.6.289. Frenkel, Daan (September 10, 1987). "Onsager's spherocylinders revisited". Journal of Physical Chemistry. 91 (19): 4912–4916
Capsule_(geometry)
Type of energy transfer
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Heat
American physicist
Achievement – 1999 Doctorate of Letters, University of Maryland – 2005 Onsager Medal – 2007 Laughlin published a book entitled A Different Universe: Reinventing
Robert_B._Laughlin
Physical property of matter
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Heat_capacity
Heat required to raise the temperature of a given unit of mass of a substance
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Specific_heat_capacity
Physical systems hotter than any other
possibility of negative temperatures was first predicted by Lars Onsager in 1949. Onsager was investigating 2D vortices confined within a finite area, and
Negative_temperature
American theoretical physicist
exact solution of the Kondo problem. In 2017, both were awarded the Lars Onsager Prize. With John H. Lowenstein, he solved the Chiral Gross–Neveu model
Natan_Andrei
Law of thermodynamics establishing the conservation of energy
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
First_law_of_thermodynamics
Refrigerator that uses a heat source
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Absorption_refrigerator
Measure of temperature relative to absolute zero
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Thermodynamic_temperature
Mechanism by which materials form into and are attracted to magnets
crystal Polymer Scientists Van der Waals Onnes von Laue Bragg Debye Bloch Onsager Mott Peierls Landau Luttinger Anderson Van Vleck Hubbard Shockley Bardeen
Ferromagnetism
Mass fraction of a saturated mixture which is vapor
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Vapor_quality
American rock band
Street, which he happened to be renting from their road manager, Hans Onsager (who worked closely with their manager Steve Sesnick). It was during this
The_Velvet_Underground
Measure of a system's order
in the section on the temporal evolution of correlation functions and Onsager's regression hypothesis. Time correlation function plays a significant role
Correlation function (statistical mechanics)
Correlation_function_(statistical_mechanics)
Turkish physicist (1922–2003)
career, he hosted several Nobel Prize laureates, including Paul Dirac, Lars Onsager and Robert Hofstadter. He wrote several books on diverse aspects of physics
Behram_Kurşunoğlu
Italian physicist (born 1948)
quantitative understanding of high-energy collisions involving hadrons”. Lars Onsager Prize, 2016. “For groundbreaking work applying spin glass ideas to ensembles
Giorgio_Parisi
Thermodynamic cycle for spark ignition piston engines
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Otto_cycle
Engine combustion process
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Diesel_cycle
Quasiparticle form phonon and photon coupling
crystal Polymer Scientists Van der Waals Onnes von Laue Bragg Debye Bloch Onsager Mott Peierls Landau Luttinger Anderson Van Vleck Hubbard Shockley Bardeen
Phonon_polariton
French physicist, playwright, and actress
of a depinning transition. She was awarded the Louis Ancel Prize, the Onsager Medal, and the Aniuta Winter-Klein Prize. In 2025, for her work at La Reine
Elisabeth_Bouchaud
Coherent delocalized electron oscillations
crystal Polymer Scientists Van der Waals Onnes von Laue Bragg Debye Bloch Onsager Mott Peierls Landau Luttinger Anderson Van Vleck Hubbard Shockley Bardeen
Surface_plasmon
Thermodynamic cycle
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Brayton_cycle
Unsteady state combustion process
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Pressure_gain_combustion
Thermodynamic cycle
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Miller_cycle
Equation of the state of a hypothetical ideal gas
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Ideal_gas_law
Volume of fluid which passes per unit time
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Volumetric_flow_rate
explain Johnson noise in a resistor 1931 – Lars Onsager publishes his groundbreaking paper deriving the Onsager reciprocal relations 1935 – Ralph H. Fowler
Timeline_of_thermodynamics
Thermodynamic process in which pressure remains constant
Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Isobaric_process
American mathematician and Nobel Laureate (1928–2015)
1007/s00222-012-0429-9. MR 3090182. S2CID 2693636. Isett, Philip (2018). "A proof of Onsager's conjecture". Annals of Mathematics. Second Series. 188 (3): 871–963. arXiv:1608
John_Forbes_Nash_Jr.
Electrical insulators that are conventionally expected to be conductors
crystal Polymer Scientists Van der Waals Onnes von Laue Bragg Debye Bloch Onsager Mott Peierls Landau Luttinger Anderson Van Vleck Hubbard Shockley Bardeen
Mott_insulator
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance