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Medical intervention
Pressure support ventilation (PSV), also known as pressure support, is a spontaneous mode of ventilation. The patient initiates every breath and the ventilator
Pressure_support_ventilation
then regulate the pressure support level to obtain desired ventilation. Pressure support improves oxygenation,[needs update?] ventilation and decreases work
Modes of mechanical ventilation
Modes_of_mechanical_ventilation
Mode of mechanical ventilation
Bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP, BiPAP®) Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV, (BiVent®) Modrykamien
Continuous spontaneous ventilation
Continuous_spontaneous_ventilation
Method to mechanically assist or replace spontaneous breathing
non-invasive ventilation in people who are conscious, face or nasal masks are used. The two main types of mechanical ventilation include positive pressure ventilation
Mechanical_ventilation
mandatory ventilation in parameters set for the patient's pressures and volumes, but distinct in its ability to support a patient by either supporting their
Intermittent mandatory ventilation
Intermittent_mandatory_ventilation
Breathing support administered through a face mask
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is the use of breathing support administered through a face mask, nasal mask, or a helmet. Air, usually with added oxygen
Non-invasive_ventilation
pressure support ventilation can be used, providing some inspiratory pressure (typically 5-8 cmH₂O) with or without Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)
Spontaneous_breathing_trial
Medical condition
pressure-cycled ventilation includes pressure control ventilation and pressure support ventilation. Both methods offer a set inspiratory pressure. The tidal
Respiratory_arrest
Adaptive support ventilation is a method to deliver air-oxygen mixtures to patients using an electro-pneumatic device (ventilator) to assist or replace
Adaptive_support_ventilation
Pressure control mode of mechanical ventilation
Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) is a pressure control mode of mechanical ventilation that utilizes an inverse ratio ventilation strategy. APRV
Airway pressure release ventilation
Airway_pressure_release_ventilation
Brochard, Laurent (2013). Pressure support ventilation. In: Tobin MJ, ed. Principles and Practice of Mechanical Ventilation. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 9780071736268
Table of modes of mechanical ventilation
Table_of_modes_of_mechanical_ventilation
Topics referred to by the same term
Police Support Volunteer, the rank of a volunteer performing civilian work for British Police Forces Pressure safety valve Pressure Support Ventilation, a
PSV
Terminology of mechanical respiration
falls under the VC-(insert mode of ventilation) category. Pressure controlled ventilation is ventilation where pressure as a function of time is controlled
Nomenclature of mechanical ventilation
Nomenclature_of_mechanical_ventilation
Medical index
contemporary ICUs, RSBI is often assessed while a patient is on Pressure Support Ventilation during a Spontaneous Breathing Trial. As an example, a patient
Rapid_shallow_breathing_index
pressure release ventilation (APRV) Pressure regulated volume control (PRVC) Proportional assist ventilation (PAV) Adaptive support ventilation (ASV) Continuous
List of modes of mechanical ventilation by category
List_of_modes_of_mechanical_ventilation_by_category
Mode of mechanical ventilation
et al. (February 2010). "Patient-ventilator interaction during pressure support ventilation and neurally adjusted ventilatory assist". Critical Care Medicine
Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist
Neurally_adjusted_ventilatory_assist
Technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort
functions of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning are intertwined. HVAC systems can provide ventilation and maintain pressure relationships between
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Heating,_ventilation,_and_air_conditioning
Mechanical ventilation in which airway pressure is always above atmospheric pressure
Positive airway pressure (PAP) is a form of non-invasive respiratory support that delivers pressurized air through a facial or nasal interface to keep
Positive_airway_pressure
Pressure in the lungs above atmospheric pressure
increases alveolar pressure at the end of expiration, which is referred to as auto-PEEP. Auto-PEEP develops commonly in high minute ventilation (hyperventilation)
Positive end-expiratory pressure
Positive_end-expiratory_pressure
Hand-held device to provide positive pressure ventilation
"self-inflating bag", is a hand-held device commonly used to provide positive pressure ventilation to patients who are not breathing or not breathing adequately. The
Bag_valve_mask
Negative-pressure mechanical respirator
Positive pressure ventilation systems, which blow air into the patient's lungs via intubation, have become more common than negative pressure systems like
Iron_lung
Respiration of oxygen-rich liquid by a normally air-breathing organism
perfluorooctyl bromide, or perflubron for short. Current methods of positive-pressure ventilation can contribute to the development of lung disease in pre-term neonates
Liquid_breathing
Ventilator which applies mild air pressure continuously to keep airways open
airway pressure (CPAP) is a form of positive airway pressure (PAP) ventilation in which a flow of air with pressure greater than atmospheric pressure is continuously
Continuous positive airway pressure
Continuous_positive_airway_pressure
Medical intervention
High-frequency ventilation (HFV) is a type of mechanical ventilation which utilizes a respiratory rate greater than four times the normal value (>150
High-frequency_ventilation
In mechanical ventilation
Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) is the highest level of pressure applied to the lungs during inhalation. In mechanical ventilation the number reflects
Peak_inspiratory_pressure
Respiratory failure due to widespread inflammation in the lungs
mechanical ventilation together with treatments directed at the underlying cause. Ventilation strategies include using low volumes and low pressures. If oxygenation
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome
Mode of mechanical ventilation
Pressure control (PC) is a mode of mechanical ventilation alone and a variable within other modes of mechanical ventilation. Pressure control is used
Pressure_control
Definitions of technical terms used in connection with breathing apparatus
controlled ventilation. A preset tidal volume is delivered at a set rate at the lowest possible pressure. pressure support ventilation Pressure controlled
Glossary of breathing apparatus terminology
Glossary_of_breathing_apparatus_terminology
Assisted breathing to support life
ventilation within the two divisions: positive pressure ventilation, where air (or another gas mix) is pushed into the trachea, and negative pressure
Artificial_ventilation
United States spacesuit
spacecraft or lifting body). A one-piece pressure garment assembly with integrated pressure bladders and ventilation system. Oxygen is fed through a connector
Advanced_Crew_Escape_Suit
Medical maneuver
and make tracheal intubation difficult. Cricoid pressure may displace the esophagus, make ventilation with a facemask or with a laryngeal mask airway
Cricoid_pressure
Life-saving protocols
of compressions to ventilations is now recommended as 30:2 for adults, to produce higher coronary and cerebral perfusion pressures. Defibrillation is
Advanced_life_support
Conduit used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Ducts are conduits or passages used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) to deliver and remove air. The needed airflows include, for example
Duct_(flow)
Life support device for a space suit
Cooling and recirculating oxygen through the pressure garment, and water through a Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment or Liquid Cooling Garment. Two-way
Primary_life_support_system
Machine to increase pressure of gas by reducing its volume
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor
Compressor
Rare neurodegenerative disease
psychological distress and mental illness. Although respiratory support using non-invasive ventilation can ease problems with breathing and prolong survival, it
ALS
American Heart Association course
needed (e.g., bag mask ventilation) prepare for advanced airway Circulation monitor vitals (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure) establish vascular access
Pediatric advanced life support
Pediatric_advanced_life_support
Garment worn inside a spacesuit for cooling and ventilation
of a life-support umbilical, cooling liquid can also be supplied via the umbilical. Astronauts commonly wear a liquid cooling and ventilation garment in
Liquid cooling and ventilation garment
Liquid_cooling_and_ventilation_garment
Techniques to clear the respiratory airways
of this technique seems to be the increase of gas pressure behind mucus through collateral ventilation along with a temporary increase in functional residual
Airway_clearance_therapy
Symptoms of illness attributed to a building
ventilation standards call for 5 to 10 cubic feet per minute of ventilation per occupant (depending on the occupancy type) in addition to ventilation
Sick_building_syndrome
Heating or air-conditioning system
heating and cooling loads as well as the ventilation rates required by the space. Most commonly, VAV boxes are pressure independent, meaning the VAV box uses
Variable_air_volume
Dual-control modes of ventilation are auto-regulated pressure-controlled modes of mechanical ventilation with a user-selected tidal volume target. The
Dual-control modes of ventilation
Dual-control_modes_of_ventilation
Emergency medical procedure
administered positive pressure ventilation with a 'manual ventilation device' to provide breathing support. Examples of manual ventilation devices include a
Neonatal_resuscitation
Medical device using positive pressure to inflate the lungs
concentrations in expired air during basic life support using different ratios of compression to ventilation". Resuscitation. 73 (1): 115–122. doi:10.1016/j
Resuscitator
Exchange of gases between environment and tissues
care medicine Intubation Iron lung Laryngoscope Life support Liquid breathing Mechanical ventilation Medical ventilator Oxygen toxicity Barotrauma Breathing
Respiration_(physiology)
alveolar damage and surfactant dysfunction Mechanical ventilation applies physical principles to support gas exchange: The equation of motion for the respiratory
Physics_of_respiration
Pressurized building-size envelope
suspended on it (lighting, ventilation, etc.)—and wind pressure. This amounts to less than 1% above atmospheric pressure. Internal pressure is commonly measured
Air-supported_structure
Pressurized spacesuit used in the Gemini program
systems. For EVAs Gemini 4 used the Ventilation Control Module (VCM), for Gemini 8-12 the Extravehicular Life Support System (ELSS) was used. The ELSS was
Gemini_spacesuit
Medical condition of lack of oxygen in the tissues
function resulting in a ventilation-perfusion mismatch, such as a pulmonary embolus, or alterations in the partial pressure of oxygen in the environment
Hypoxia_(medicine)
Process of moving air in and out of the lungs
these receptors is integrated in the pons and medulla, which adjust ventilation to restore blood gas tensions (for example, returning arterial CO₂ toward
Breathing
Equipment allowing or assisting the user to breathe in a hostile environment
Negative pressure ventilation occurs when the torso of the patient is subjected to an external pressure below ambient pressure, and ambient pressure air is
Breathing_apparatus
resuscitation began to appear in the medical literature. Mouth-to-mouth ventilation has been used for centuries as an element of CPR, but it fell out of
History of cardiopulmonary resuscitation
History_of_cardiopulmonary_resuscitation
Medical device to supply a mix of life-support and anaesthetic gases
incorporated, including a manual reservoir bag for ventilation in combination with an adjustable pressure-limiting valve, as well as an integrated mechanical
Anaesthetic_machine
Injury due to pressure difference between gas filled space and adjoining tissue
common complication of mechanical ventilation but can usually be avoided by limiting tidal volume and plateau pressure to less than 30 to 50 cm water column
Barotrauma
Side effect of opioids during anesthesia
pulmonary disease (COPD) who developed WCS after being placed on pressure-control ventilation following the administration of a tracheostomy tube. In another
Wooden_chest_syndrome
Lung disorder
of a surgical airway may be necessary in order provide positive-pressure ventilation. If the cause of the obstruction is simply biting of the endotracheal
Negative-pressure pulmonary edema
Negative-pressure_pulmonary_edema
Abnormally high tissue carbon dioxide levels
carbon dioxide, which can occur when gas density limits ventilation at high ambient pressures. In severe hypercapnia (generally P a C O 2 {\displaystyle
Hypercapnia
Spacesuit worn by Space Shuttle crews
being a full-pressure suit, the ACES suit incorporated gloves on disconnecting lock rings on the wrists, liquid cooling and improved ventilation, and an extra
Launch_Entry_Suit
Efficiency standard of air filters
which is the measured air speed at an inlet or outlet of a heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Face velocity is measured in m/s
HEPA
Mining techniques used to excavate hard minerals and gems
the most important aspects of underground hard rock mining is ventilation. Ventilation is the primary method of clearing hazardous gases and/or dust which
Underground_hard-rock_mining
Fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs
Ahmad M, Vital FM, et al. (April 2019). "Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema". The Cochrane
Pulmonary_edema
HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) is a major sub discipline of mechanical engineering. The goal of HVAC design is to balance indoor environmental
Glossary_of_HVAC_terms
Noninvasive form of ventilation for newborns
Bubble CPAP is a non-invasive ventilation strategy for newborns with infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS). It is one of the methods by which continuous
Bubble_CPAP
Space suit used in Apollo and Skylab missions
A7LB pressure suits. Additionally, these pressure suits varied by program usage. For the Skylab EMU, NASA elected to use an umbilical life support system
Apollo/Skylab_spacesuit
Branch of automation
is the automatic centralized control of a building's HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), electrical, lighting, shading, access control
Building_automation
Medical condition of oxygen deprivation
oxygen, which may be due to the composition or pressure of the breathing gas, decreased lung ventilation, or respiratory disease, any of which may cause
Generalized_hypoxia
Equipment which allows the user to breathe at hypoxic altitudes
a person to breathe more effectively at an altitude where the partial pressure of oxygen in the ambient atmospheric air is insufficient for the task or
High-altitude breathing apparatus
High-altitude_breathing_apparatus
infectious complications arising from invasive ventilation with endotracheal intubation, positive-pressure ventilation directly alters lung mechanics during ARDS
Pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Pathophysiology_of_acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome
Chronic lung disease in premature infants
aggressive mechanical ventilation. Clinically, BPD is defined by a persistent need for supplemental oxygen or respiratory support, assessed at 28 days
Bronchopulmonary_dysplasia
Medical device
volume and pressure control strategies to optimize the ventilatory cycle: it performs a pressure-regulated volume-controlled ventilation mode. It is
Liquid_ventilator
Heat-transfer device that employs phase transition
pipes. They add an internal support structure or a series of posts to the vapor chamber to accommodate clamping pressures up to 90 psi (620 kPa). This
Heat_pipe
Emergency medical treatment
Life support comprises the treatments and techniques performed in an emergency in order to support life after the failure of one or more vital organs
Life_support
Diagnostic tool
measuring an air flow rate and a pressure sensing device to measure the pressure created by the fan flow. The combination of pressure and fan flow measurements
Duct_leakage_testing
Biological system in animals and plants for gas exchange
respiratory organs in amphibians. The ventilation of the lungs in amphibians relies on positive pressure ventilation. Muscles lower the floor of the oral
Respiratory_system
Device which reduces humidity
natural ventilation, has been used since ancient times. These methods rely on drawing air across a cold surface. Since the saturation vapor pressure of water
Dehumidifier
Type of heating system
building either by fans forcing heated air through ducts, circulation of low-pressure steam to radiators in each heated room, or pumps that circulate hot water
Central_heating
Process of printing on textiles decoration using film transfers
measures include local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the printer, powder-curing stations, and adequate general room ventilation in line with regulatory standards
Direct-to-film_printing
Subfields of building design and construction
for human comfort or for the operation of machines. Heating, cooling, ventilation and exhaustion are all key areas to consider in the mechanical planning
Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing
Mechanical,_electrical,_and_plumbing
Process for digital management of built assets
characteristics of buildings or other physical assets and facilities. BIM is supported by various tools, processes, technologies and contracts. Building information
Building_information_modeling
Flow-control device
flow rate and the consequential control of process quantities such as pressure, temperature, and liquid level. In automatic control terminology, a control
Control_valve
Area in a hospital
including support for a single failing organ system or postoperative care and those 'stepping down' from higher levels of care". If positive airway pressure ventilation
High-dependency_unit
Device that cools air through the evaporation of water
cooling may have little thermal comfort benefit beyond the increased ventilation and air movement it provides. Trees transpire large amounts of water
Evaporative_cooler
Underground heat exchanger loop that can capture or dissipate heat to or from the ground
on fresh air ventilation requirements. Such a design, even in closed loop mode, could draw a quantity of fresh air when an air pressure drop is created
Ground-coupled_heat_exchanger
Medical device
repeating. The device must have a pressure relief valve that opens at 60cm of water pressure to avoid over ventilation and trauma to the lungs. The (FROPVD)
Flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device
Flow-restricted,_oxygen-powered_ventilation_device
Cooling of air in an enclosed space
result of pressure differences arising from natural forces. There are two types of natural ventilation occurring in buildings: wind driven ventilation and buoyancy-driven
Air_conditioning
Laminated composite material primarily used as a finish for furniture and wall panels
manufactured as either high- or low-pressure laminate, with the two processes not much different from each other except for the pressure applied in the pressing process
Decorative_laminate
Soviet/Russian spacesuit used on Soyuz
Sokol space suit (Russian: Cокол, lit. 'Falcon') is a series of soft-body pressure suits designed and built by NPP Zvezda. It was first introduced in 1973
Sokol_space_suit
Medical care subspecialty, treating critically ill
changed the management directly by instituting long-term positive pressure ventilation using tracheal intubation, and he enlisted 200 medical students to
Intensive_care_medicine
Medical practice
neonatal ICU (NICU). A 2005 study found the average cost of medical ventilation for adults in the ICU to be $1,500 per day and long-term ICU care to
Maternal somatic support after brain death
Maternal_somatic_support_after_brain_death
Discontinuous gas-exchange cycles (DGC), also called discontinuous ventilation or discontinuous ventilatory cycles, follow one of several patterns of
Discontinuous_gas_exchange
Hyperbaric pressure vessel for human occupancy used in diving operations
to hold an internal pressure significantly higher than ambient pressure, a pressurised gas system to control the internal pressure, and a supply of breathing
Diving_chamber
Volumetric proportion of oxygen to other constituents in a breathing gas
oxygen. FIO2 is typically maintained below 0.5 even with mechanical ventilation, to avoid oxygen toxicity, but there are applications when up to 100%
Fraction_of_inspired_oxygen
Air quality within and around buildings and structures
filtration, and the use of ventilation to dilute contaminants are the primary methods for improving indoor air quality. Although ventilation is an integral component
Indoor_air_quality
Type of airway management device
which ventilation takes place. Both cuffs are inflated through a single small lumen line and pilot balloon. The cuffs are high-volume, low-pressure cuffs
Laryngeal_tube
Lunar spacesuit developed by Axiom Space for Artemis program
suit and the associated Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment (LCVG), which is worn beneath the pressure garment assembly. NASA began testing the AxEMU
Axiom Extravehicular Mobility Unit
Axiom_Extravehicular_Mobility_Unit
Incision in the neck to make an airway
membrane and connecting it to a ventilation bag or a high-pressure oxygen source in a process called transtracheal jet ventilation. Various cricothyrotomy techniques
Cricothyrotomy
Energy expended to inhale and exhale a breathing gas
volumetric flow rate, which has consequences in ambient pressure diving, and can limit ventilation at densities over 6g/litre. It can be exacerbated by a
Work_of_breathing
Life-threatening response to infection
blood pressure, then the use of medications that raise blood pressure becomes necessary. Mechanical ventilation and dialysis may be needed to support the
Sepsis
Device used to safely deliver first aid rescue breaths
portable device used in the pre-hospital setting to provide adequate ventilation to a patient who is either in respiratory failure or cardiac arrest.
Pocket_mask
Liquid additive
periods of time with low coolant levels. The low coolant is caused by pressure caps that fail in the open position. (The new caps and recovery bottles
Antifreeze
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PRESSURE SUPPORT-VENTILATION
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PRESSURE SUPPORT-VENTILATION
PRESSURE SUPPORT-VENTILATION
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