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Spacecraft propulsion without on-board reaction mass
Propellantless spacecraft propulsion is any spacecraft propulsion system that accelerates the craft by interacting with the environment rather than expelling
Propellantless spacecraft propulsion
Propellantless_spacecraft_propulsion
Type of spacecraft propulsion using electrical energy to accelerate propellant
Spacecraft electric propulsion encompasses spacecraft propulsion systems that use electric energy to accelerate and expel propellant, generating thrust
Spacecraft electric propulsion
Spacecraft_electric_propulsion
Method used to accelerate spacecraft
Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial satellites. In-space propulsion is used in the vacuum of space after launch
Spacecraft_propulsion
Hypothetical spacecraft propulsion through continuous nuclear explosions for thrust
Nuclear pulse propulsion or external pulsed plasma propulsion is a hypothetical method of spacecraft propulsion that uses nuclear explosions for thrust
Nuclear_pulse_propulsion
Propulsion concepts and technologies
narrower modern propellantless-only sense. Beam-powered propulsion sends power from a remote source directly to a spacecraft propulsion system using directed-energy
Field_propulsion
Vehicle or machine designed to fly in space
Swift spacecraft is an example of a spacecraft that does not have a propulsion subsystem. Typically though, LEO spacecraft include a propulsion subsystem
Spacecraft
Spacecraft propulsion technology
Atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion, or air-breathing electric propulsion, shortly ABEP, is a propulsion technology for spacecraft, which could allow thrust
Atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion
Atmosphere-breathing_electric_propulsion
Spacecraft without people on board
Uncrewed spacecraft or robotic spacecraft are spacecraft without people on board. Uncrewed spacecraft may have varying levels of autonomy from human input
Uncrewed_spacecraft
Type of electric propulsion
its attitude control system. The propulsion system was tested for 70 minutes on 14 December 1964 when the spacecraft was 4.2 million kilometers from Earth
Plasma_propulsion_engine
Form of electric spacecraft propulsion
thruster, ion drive, or ion engine is a form of electric propulsion used for spacecraft propulsion. An ion thruster creates a cloud of positive ions from
Ion_thruster
Space propulsion method using Sun radiation
of spacecraft propulsion using radiation pressure exerted by sunlight on large surfaces. A number of spaceflight missions to test solar propulsion and
Solar_sail
Spacecraft propulsion system by NASA. 50kW Hall-effect thrusters, now for Lunar Gateway
Advanced Electric Propulsion System (AEPS) is a solar electric propulsion system for spacecraft that is being designed, developed and tested by NASA and
Advanced Electric Propulsion System
Advanced_Electric_Propulsion_System
NASA space propulsion research project
Breakthrough Propulsion Physics project addressed a selection of "incremental and affordable" research questions towards the overall goal of propellantless propulsion
Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Project
Breakthrough_Propulsion_Physics_Project
Form of beam-powered propulsion
is external to the spacecraft, and onboard, where the laser is part of the spacecraft's propulsion system. Off-board laser propulsion, which includes laser-powered
Laser_propulsion
Rocket driven by nuclear fusion power
uses electrical (e.g. ion) propulsion with electric power generated by fusion instead of direct thrust. Spacecraft propulsion methods such as ion thrusters
Fusion_rocket
Long conducting wires which can act as electrical motors or generators
a tether propulsion system, craft can use long, strong conductors (though not all tethers are conductive) to change the orbits of spacecraft. It has the
Electrodynamic_tether
Propulsion system creating motion without propellant
forms of spacecraft propulsion that would generate thrust without the expelling propellant or otherwise exchanging momentum. A propellantless drive is
Reactionless_drive
Spacecraft propulsion device
A thruster is a spacecraft propulsion device used for orbital station-keeping, attitude control, or long-duration, low-thrust acceleration, often as part
Thrusters_(spacecraft)
Plasma Physics Experiment
(1999-06-20). "FRC fusion propulsion system for deep space exploration results from the Star Thrust Experiment (STX)". 35th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit
Star_Thrust_Experiment
Hypothetical travel between stars or planetary systems
current propulsion technologies. To travel between stars within a reasonable amount of time (decades or centuries), an interstellar spacecraft must reach
Interstellar_travel
Electrothermal thruster in development
an electrothermal thruster under development for possible use in spacecraft propulsion. It uses radio waves to ionize and heat an inert propellant, forming
Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket
Variable_Specific_Impulse_Magnetoplasma_Rocket
Space navigation technique
and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase
Gravity_assist
Space exploration concept
The concept of self-replicating spacecraft, as envisioned by mathematician John von Neumann, has been described by futurists and has been discussed across
Self-replicating_spacecraft
Conceptual rocket engine
propulsion system characterized by high specific power, variable thrust, specific impulse, and minimal radiation emissions of spacecraft propulsion system
Direct_Fusion_Drive
Mechanism where confined high-speed particles confer energy to a vehicle
Beam-powered propulsion, also known as directed energy propulsion, is a class of aircraft or spacecraft propulsion that uses energy beamed to the spacecraft from
Beam-powered_propulsion
Type of rocket
Here it is assumed that the propulsion system has a single stage. Suppose the total mass of the photon rocket/spacecraft is M that includes fuels with
Photon_rocket
Type of electric propulsion system
In spacecraft propulsion, a Hall-effect thruster (HET, sometimes referred to as a Hall thruster or Hall-current thruster) is a type of ion thruster in
Hall-effect_thruster
Crewed or uncrewed travel between stars or planets
spaceflight Space travel in science fiction Spacecraft propulsion – Method used to accelerate spacecraft Interplanetary Flight: an introduction to astronautics
Interplanetary_spaceflight
Type of spacecraft
spacecraft designed to transport cargo, scientific experiments, and/or astronauts to and from space. Capsules are distinguished from other spacecraft
Space_capsule
Type of spacecraft
A lander is a spacecraft that descends towards, then comes to rest on the surface of an astronomical body other than Earth.[page needed] In contrast to
Lander_(spacecraft)
Spaceflight maneuver
it requires less fuel than using propulsion to slow down. A more extreme maneuver is aerocapture, where a spacecraft uses an atmosphere to perform orbit
Aerobraking
Nuclear spacecraft propulsion technology
propellants that store energy internally. NTRs have been proposed as a spacecraft propulsion technology, with the earliest ground tests conducted in 1955. The
Nuclear_thermal_rocket
Proposed spacecraft propulsion method
A magnetic sail is a proposed method of spacecraft propulsion where an onboard magnetic field source interacts with a plasma wind (e.g., the solar wind)
Magnetic_sail
Space propulsion system, electrostatic gridded ion thruster
(NSTAR) is a type of spacecraft ion thruster called electrostatic ion thruster. It is a highly efficient low-thrust spacecraft propulsion running on electrical
NASA Solar Technology Application Readiness
NASA_Solar_Technology_Application_Readiness
Spacecraft propulsion using steam as propellant
is a US project developing a refuelable steam engine system for spacecraft propulsion. WINE developed a method of extracting volatiles from ice, ice-rich
World Is Not Enough (spacecraft propulsion)
World_Is_Not_Enough_(spacecraft_propulsion)
Form of electrically powered spacecraft propulsion
magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) thruster (MPDT) is a form of electrically powered spacecraft propulsion which uses the Lorentz force (the force on a charged particle by
Magnetoplasmadynamic_thruster
Proposed spacecraft propulsion device
an electric solar wind sail or an E-sail) is a proposed form of spacecraft propulsion using the dynamic pressure of the solar wind as a source of thrust
Electric_sail
Chinese reusable robotic spaceplane
11 December 2007. Code named Program 863-706, the Chinese name of this spacecraft was revealed as "Shenlong Spaceplane" (神龙空天飞机). These images, possibly
Shenlong_(spacecraft)
Flight into or through outer space
usually spacecraft, into or through outer space, either with or without humans on board. Most spaceflight is uncrewed and conducted mainly with spacecraft such
Spaceflight
Type of electric spacecraft propulsion system
Field-emission electric propulsion (FEEP) is an advanced electrostatic space propulsion concept, a form of ion thruster, that uses a liquid metal as a
Field-emission electric propulsion
Field-emission_electric_propulsion
Space propulsion system
common design for ion thrusters, a highly efficient low-thrust spacecraft propulsion method running on electrical power by using high-voltage grid electrodes
Gridded_ion_thruster
Load bearing cable connecting objects in space
satellite/spacecraft sensor system. Depending on the mission objectives and altitude, spaceflight using this form of spacecraft propulsion is theorized
Space_tether
Proposed nuclear pulse propulsion through antimatter-catalyzed nuclear chain reactions
bombs are much more efficient. However, using such large bombs for spacecraft propulsion demands much larger structures able to handle the stress. There
Antimatter-catalyzed nuclear pulse propulsion
Antimatter-catalyzed_nuclear_pulse_propulsion
Garment worn to protect a human in space
frequently employed to allow complete freedom of movement, independent of the spacecraft. Three types of space suits exist for different purposes: IVA (intravehicular
Space_suit
Rocket with a motor that uses solid propellants
propellants (as compared to liquids) does not favor their use as primary propulsion in modern medium-to-large launch vehicles customarily used for commercial
Solid-propellant_rocket
Activity done by an astronaut outside a spacecraft
is any activity performed by an astronaut in outer space outside of a spacecraft. This includes spacewalks, lunar or planetary surface exploration (commonly
Extravehicular_activity
Launch system that only uses one rocket stage
Roton Scramjet Space elevator Spacecraft propulsion Three-stage-to-orbit Two-stage-to-orbit VentureStar XS-1 (spacecraft) Andrew J. Butrica: Single Stage
Single-stage-to-orbit
1961–1972 American crewed lunar exploration program
laid out for a spacecraft with a mission module cabin separate from the command module (piloting and reentry cabin), and a propulsion and equipment module
Apollo_program
LEO solar sailing demo project
non-profit organization devoted to space exploration. It consists of two spacecraft — LightSail 1 and LightSail 2. LightSail 1 was an engineering demonstration
LightSail
Type of spacecraft electric propulsion system
arcjet rocket or arcjet thruster is a form of electrically powered spacecraft propulsion, in which an electrical discharge (arc) is created in a flow of
Arcjet_rocket
Proposed spacelaunch method
fountain – Extremely tall tower meant to launch spacecraft via pellets in vacuum tubes Spacecraft propulsion Eric Laithwaite and the Maglifter project Gerard
Mass_driver
Proposed spacecraft propulsion method
Bussard ramjet is a theoretical method of spacecraft propulsion for interstellar travel. A fast moving spacecraft scoops up hydrogen from the interstellar
Bussard_ramjet
Branch of space physics and aeronomy
effects on spacecraft are radiation damage and spacecraft charging. Radiation (high-energy particles) passes through the skin of the spacecraft and into
Space_weather
Possible future technology
2019-09-27. Robert Zubrin (May 18, 2019). "Robert Zubrin has new propellantless space propulsion concept – Dipole Drive". nextbigfuture.com. Archived from the
List of hypothetical technologies
List_of_hypothetical_technologies
Objects intentionally placed into orbit
Satellites are spacecraft launched from the surface into space by launch systems. Satellites can then change or maintain their orbit by propulsion, usually
Satellite
Test in spaceflight
Center Spacecraft List of human spaceflights List of launch vehicles Timeline of spaceflight Space exploration Space logistics Spacecraft propulsion NASA
Launch_status_check
Space propulsion system, a gridded electrostatic ion thruster
engine is a type of solar electric propulsion in which thruster systems use the electricity generated by the spacecraft's solar panel to accelerate the xenon
NEXT_(ion_thruster)
Method of spacecraft propulsion
A resistojet is a method of spacecraft propulsion (electric propulsion) that provides thrust by heating a typically non-reactive fluid. Heating is usually
Resistojet_rocket
Initial American crewed spaceflight program (1958–1963)
aircraft. They practiced gaining control of a spinning spacecraft in a machine at the Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory called the Multi-Axis Spin-Test Inertia
Project_Mercury
Earliest phase of a flight that reaches space
rocket propulsion. Rockets using both liquid propellant and solid propellant have been used for space launch. Most space launches carry a spacecraft that
Space_launch
The electrodeless plasma thruster is a spacecraft propulsion engine commercialized under the acronym "E-IMPAcT" for "Electrodeless-Ionization Magnetized
Electrodeless_plasma_thruster
Rocket engine operation method
from a battery bank. Electrical pumps had been used in the secondary propulsion system of the Agena upper stage vehicle. On 21 January 2018, Electron
Electric-pump-fed_engine
chronological order, this is a partial list spacecraft that are equipped with electric space propulsion. This includes both cruise engines and/or thrusters
List of spacecraft with electric propulsion
List_of_spacecraft_with_electric_propulsion
Prototype spacecraft propulsion engine
The helicon double-layer thruster is a prototype electric spacecraft propulsion. It was created by Australian scientist Christine Charles, based on a
Helicon_double-layer_thruster
Rocket that uses a single propellant with a catalyst
the propulsion system must produce large amounts of thrust, or have a high specific impulse, as on the main motor of an interplanetary spacecraft, other
Monopropellant_rocket
Type of spacecraft propulsion system
nuclear electric rocket (more properly nuclear electric propulsion) is a type of spacecraft propulsion system where thermal energy from a nuclear reactor is
Nuclear_electric_rocket
Type of spacecraft plasma propulsion system
thruster (PIT) is a form of ion thruster, used in spacecraft propulsion. It is a plasma propulsion engine using perpendicular electric and magnetic fields
Pulsed_inductive_thruster
Kind of space tether
tether that could theoretically be used as a launch system, or to change spacecraft orbits. Momentum exchange tethers create a centripetal force on the end-masses
Momentum_exchange_tether
American physicist (1941–2025)
framed the work in propellantless-propulsion terms: Thomas L. Mahood's 1999 AIP conference paper was titled Propellantless propulsion: Recent experimental
James_Woodward_(physicist)
A plasma magnet is a proposed spacecraft propulsion device that uses a dipole magnetic field to capture energy from the solar wind. The field acts as
Plasma_magnet
Vehicle propelled by ejection of gases
used to launch and receive spacecraft Variable-mass system – Collection of matter whose mass varies with time Rocket propulsion Ammonium perchlorate composite
Rocket
Proposed momentum exchange tether
then be reboosted to its original altitude by electromagnetic propulsion, rocket propulsion, or by deorbiting another object with the same kinetic energy
Skyhook_(structure)
Branch of astronomy
the propulsion technology currently available. Some of the best candidates for future deep space engine technologies include nuclear fusion propulsion, laser/maser
Deep_space_exploration
Rocket that burns 3 propellants at once or 2 fuels with an oxidizer, sequentially
rockets could simply carry two sets of engines, but this would mean the spacecraft would be carrying one or the other set "turned off" for most of the flight
Tripropellant_rocket
1961–1966 US human spaceflight program
docking with another vehicle, and to maneuver the combined spacecraft using the propulsion system of the target vehicle To demonstrate Extra-Vehicular
Project_Gemini
Partially reusable launch system and space plane
The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and
Space_Shuttle
Type of rocket engine
A cold gas thruster (or a cold gas propulsion system) is a type of rocket engine which uses the expansion of a (typically inert) pressurized gas to generate
Cold_gas_thruster
Theoretical spacecraft propulsion system
A solar thermal rocket is a theoretical spacecraft propulsion system that would make use of solar power to directly heat reaction mass, and therefore
Solar_thermal_rocket
Proposed rocket propulsion mechanism
question. — Ralph L. McNutt Jr. Fission-fragment rocket Project Orion Spacecraft propulsion Technology readiness level R. Zubrin (1991). "Nuclear Salt Water
Nuclear_salt-water_rocket
Spaceflight where spacecraft orbits an astronomical body
the spacecraft leaving orbit completely. In spaceflight, an orbital maneuver is the use of propulsion systems to change the orbit of a spacecraft. For
Orbital_spaceflight
Chinese automated cargo spacecraft
Tiān Zhōu; lit. 'Heavenly Ship') is a series of Chinese automated cargo spacecraft developed from China's first prototype space station Tiangong-1 to resupply
Tianzhou_(spacecraft)
Rocket engine that uses both liquid / gaseous and solid fuel
motors explode in the way depicted. Spacecraft propulsion "Hybrid rocket propulsion overview". Space Propulsion Group, Inc. "A brief history of hybrid
Hybrid-propellant_rocket
Rocket engine that uses photons to propel a spacecraft
carried by the spacecraft. In the Beamed Laser Propulsion (BLP) concept, the photons are beamed from the photon source to the spacecraft as coherent light
Nuclear_photonic_rocket
Type of nuclear propulsion method with an ultra high specific-inpulse
Chapline at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1988, who suggested propulsion based on the direct heating of a propellant gas by fission fragments generated
Fission-fragment_rocket
Jupiter List of spacecraft with electric propulsion Solar electric propulsion The Glenn Research Center. NASA. HIGH POWER ELECTRIC PROPULSION PROGRAM (HiPEP)
High Power Electric Propulsion
High_Power_Electric_Propulsion
Orbit keeping the satellite at a fixed longitude above the equator
On-board satellite propulsion is then used to raise the perigee, circularise and reach GSO. Once in a viable geostationary orbit, spacecraft can change longitudinal
Geosynchronous_orbit
Instrument in space to study astronomical objects
Rover Self-replicating spacecraft Space telescope Spacecraft propulsion Rocket engine Electric propulsion Propellantless propulsion Solar sail Gravity assist
Space_telescope
Satellite designed to observe Earth from orbit
to the discovery of the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts. The TIROS-1 spacecraft, launched on April 1, 1960, as part of NASA's Television Infrared Observation
Earth_observation_satellite
small thrust which propelled the spacecraft slightly off course. Nuclear thermal rocket – Nuclear spacecraft propulsion technology Radioisotope heater unit –
Radioisotope_rocket
"Magnetic beams could power swifter spacecraft", New Scientist, 18 October 2004 University of Washington, New propulsion concept could make 90-day Mars round
MagBeam
Physical and science fiction concept
Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program (BPP) from 1996 through 2002. This program studied a number of "far out" designs for space propulsion that were not
Anti-gravity
Spacecraft capable of aerodynamic flight in atmosphere
traditional spacecraft, but also must be capable of atmospheric flight, like an aircraft. Spaceplanes do not necessarily have to fly by their own propulsion, but
Spaceplane
Event during which a spacecraft can be viewed from a specified ground location
An orbital pass (or simply pass) is the period in which a spacecraft is above the local horizon, and thus available for line-of-sight communication with
Orbital_pass
Absence of the sensation of weight
on objects of relatively small dimensions (such as the human body or a spacecraft) and the overall sensation of weightlessness in these cases is preserved
Weightlessness
Investigation of outer space
propels the spacecraft from the surface of Earth. Once in space, the motion of a spacecraft—both when unpropelled and when under propulsion—is covered
Space_exploration
Conspiracy theory about Soviet cosmonauts
recover, but due to a malfunction of the attitude control system, the spacecraft was oriented upside-down, and the firing put the craft into a higher orbit
Lost_Cosmonauts
Use of satellite signals for navigation or geo-spatial positioning
Rover Self-replicating spacecraft Space telescope Spacecraft propulsion Rocket engine Electric propulsion Propellantless propulsion Solar sail Gravity assist
Satellite_navigation
Artificial satellite that relays radio signals
as a data network aiming to provide a "Lunar Internet" for cis-lunar spacecraft and Installations. The Moonlight Initiative is an equivalent ESA project
Communications_satellite
Concepts for launch into space
orbit Comparison of orbital launch systems Hopper (spacecraft) Mass driver Spacecraft propulsion "No Rockets? No Problem!". Popular Mechanics. 2010-10-05
Non-rocket_spacelaunch
Technology development overview
spacecraft propulsion Monopropellant rocket – Rocket that uses a single propellant with a catalyst Propellantless propulsion – Spacecraft propulsion without
Outline of artificial satellites
Outline_of_artificial_satellites
PROPELLANTLESS SPACECRAFT-PROPULSION
PROPELLANTLESS SPACECRAFT-PROPULSION
PROPELLANTLESS SPACECRAFT-PROPULSION
PROPELLANTLESS SPACECRAFT-PROPULSION
Girl/Female
Australian, Hebrew
Lily
Girl/Female
Finnish, French, German, Hebrew, Hindu, Hungarian, Indian, Japanese
Bitter; Star; Sea; Sea of Bitterness; Wished for Child; To Swell
Boy/Male
Indian
Tongue, Language, Defender of mankind
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Chinese, Hebrew
Helper of Almighty
Girl/Female
Tamil
Sun rays, Charismatic personality
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Danish, English, French, Greek, Swedish
Pure; Form of the Greek Catherine; Torture
Female
English
English variant spelling of Spanish Alicia, ALESHA means "noble sort."
Girl/Female
Hindu
Selected
Girl/Female
Indian
Rain
Boy/Male
Hindu
PROPELLANTLESS SPACECRAFT-PROPULSION
PROPELLANTLESS SPACECRAFT-PROPULSION
PROPELLANTLESS SPACECRAFT-PROPULSION
PROPELLANTLESS SPACECRAFT-PROPULSION
PROPELLANTLESS SPACECRAFT-PROPULSION
n.
The art of governing a state; statecraft; policy.
n.
The act of driving forward; propulsion; -- opposed to suction or traction.
n.
Hence, any vessel; usually with some epithet descriptive of its use or mode of propulsion; as, pilot boat, packet boat, passage boat, advice boat, etc. The term is sometimes applied to steam vessels, even of the largest class; as, the Cunard boats.
n.
The act driving forward or away; the act or process of propelling; as, steam propulsion.
n.
An impelling act or movement.
n.
The art of conducting state affairs; state management; statesmanship.