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Abstract model of quantum computation
A quantum cellular automaton (QCA) is an abstract model of quantum computation, devised in analogy to conventional models of cellular automata introduced
Quantum_cellular_automaton
Discrete model of computation
A cellular automaton (pl. cellular automata, abbrev. CA) is a discrete model of computation studied in automata theory. Cellular automata are also called
Cellular_automaton
Type of cellular automaton
Quantum dot cellular automata (QDCA, sometimes referred to simply as quantum cellular automata, or QCA) are a proposed improvement on conventional computer
Quantum dot cellular automaton
Quantum_dot_cellular_automaton
Cellular automaton that can be run backwards
A reversible cellular automaton is a cellular automaton in which every configuration has a unique predecessor. That is, it is a regular grid of cells,
Reversible_cellular_automaton
Kind of cellular automaton
A block cellular automaton or partitioning cellular automaton is a special kind of cellular automaton in which the lattice of cells is divided into non-overlapping
Block_cellular_automaton
Basic circuit in quantum computing
Counterfactual quantum computation Landauer's principle Logical connective One-way quantum computer Quantum algorithm Quantum cellular automaton Quantum channel
Quantum_logic_gate
Indian physicist and nanoscientist
brain inspired molecular computer. A Adamatzky wrote about his Quantum Cellular automaton work in Nature Physics "Most computer processors work in series
Anirban_Bandyopadhyay
Study of abstract machines and automata
of automaton. This automaton consists of states (represented in the figure by circles) and transitions (represented by arrows). As the automaton sees
Automata_theory
Idea that the universe is fundamentally computational or informational
classical local system such as a cellular automaton cannot efficiently reproduce quantum correlations, and proposed quantum simulators instead. This argument
Digital_physics
Fractal composed of triangles
certain cellular automata (such as Rule 90), including those relating to Conway's Game of Life. For instance, the Life-like cellular automaton B1/S12 when
Sierpiński_triangle
Hardware cache of a central processing unit
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
CPU_cache
Methods that imitate, replicate or use natural processes
universe is a huge cellular automaton which continuously updates its rules. Recently it has been suggested that the whole universe is a quantum computer that
Natural_computing
Postulate in particle physics
S2CID 120117564. Nambu, Yoichiro (1950). "The Use of the Proper Time in Quantum Electrodynamics I". Progress of Theoretical Physics. 5 (1): 82–94. Bibcode:1950PThPh
One-electron_universe
British theoretical physicist (born 1953)
as Deutsch later made clear. Deutsch gate Wigner's friend Quantum cellular automaton Quantum mechanics of time travel David Deutsch at the Mathematics
David_Deutsch
Formulation of quantum mechanics
The path-integral formulation of quantum mechanics generalizes the action principle of classical mechanics. It replaces the classical notion of a single
Path-integral_formulation
Digital circuit that produces sums from inputs
on a Quantum Computer". arXiv:quant-ph/0008033. Ruiz-Perez, Lidia; Juan Carlos, Garcia-Escartin (2 May 2017). "Quantum arithmetic with the quantum Fourier
Adder_(electronics)
Canadian-American physicist and computer scientist
inventing the block cellular automaton and the Margolus neighborhood for block cellular automata, which he used to develop cellular automaton simulations of
Norman_Margolus
Combinational digital circuit
unconventional Arithmetic Logic Unit design and computing in Actin Quantum Cellular Automata". Microsystem Technologies. 28 (3): 809–822. doi:10.1007/s00542-019-04590-1
Arithmetic_logic_unit
Particle effect
Optical analogues of Zitterbewegung have been demonstrated in a quantum cellular automaton implemented with orbital angular momentum states of light, in
Zitterbewegung
Problems with central processing unit design
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Hazard (computer architecture)
Hazard_(computer_architecture)
American theoretical physicist (1918–1988)
Julian Schwinger and Shin'ichirō Tomonaga "for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics (QED), with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics
Richard_Feynman
Method of CPU communication
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Memory-mapped I/O and port-mapped I/O
Memory-mapped_I/O_and_port-mapped_I/O
Security-related instruction code processor extension
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Software_Guard_Extensions
Class of theories in quantum mechanics
Donadi and Hossenfelder. Gerard 't Hooft has referred to his cellular automaton model of quantum mechanics as superdeterministic though it has remained unclear
Superdeterminism
Processor design concept
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Translation_lookaside_buffer
Thought experiment in physics
collapse into points; he had long hoped something like this would explain quantum mechanical wave-particle duality.[citation needed] Einstein and Rosen accordingly
Sticky_bead_argument
Register in a computer's CPU
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Memory_buffer_register
2013 television film by James Hawes
formulation Parton model Sticky bead argument One-electron universe Quantum cellular automaton Rogers Commission Report Feynman checkerboard Feynman sprinkler
The_Challenger_Disaster
Star height problem Generalized star height problem Cellular automaton Rule 110 cellular automaton Conway's Game of Life Langton's ant Edge of chaos Turing
List of computability and complexity topics
List_of_computability_and_complexity_topics
German physicist
field of quantum information theory such as foundational concepts in the theory of quantum correlations including the concept of separable quantum states
Reinhard_F._Werner
American journalist and sportswriter
formulation Parton model Sticky bead argument One-electron universe Quantum cellular automaton Rogers Commission Report Feynman checkerboard Feynman sprinkler
Charles_Hirshberg
Computer hardware technology
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Trusted_Execution_Technology
American physicist
physicist, working mostly in the field of quantum information theory. He discovered a way of interpreting quantum states as information. He came up with
Benjamin_Schumacher
Circuit that performs subtraction
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Subtractor
Feynman diagram with only one cycle
word loop is an edge connecting a vertex with itself) correspond to the quantum corrections to the classical field theory. Because one-loop diagrams only
One-loop_Feynman_diagram
Concept in computer science
reversed Quantum computing – Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics Quantum dot cellular automaton – Type of cellular automaton, a variant
Reversible_computing
Computing by new or unusual methods
Turing machines, lambda calculus, rewriting systems, digital circuits, cellular automata, and Petri nets. Historically, mechanical computers were used
Unconventional_computing
Book by Stephen Wolfram
universe is a rewriting network, not a cellular automaton, as Wolfram himself has suggested a cellular automaton cannot account for relativistic features
A_New_Kind_of_Science
Topics referred to by the same term
QCA may refer to: Quantum cellular automata, any one of several models of quantum computation Quantum dot cellular automaton, a proposed improvement on
QCA
Type of digital adder
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Carry-save_adder
Von Neumann bottleneck von Neumann cardinal assignment von Neumann cellular automaton von Neumann conjecture Murray–von Neumann coupling constant Jordan–von
List of things named after John von Neumann
List_of_things_named_after_John_von_Neumann
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Redundant binary representation
Redundant_binary_representation
Proposed semiconductor implementation of quantum computers
in a quantum processor. Kane quantum computer Quantum dot cellular automaton Vandersypen, Lieven M. K.; Eriksson, Mark A. (2019-08-01). "Quantum computing
Spin_qubit_quantum_computer
Fission bomb yield formula
formulation Parton model Sticky bead argument One-electron universe Quantum cellular automaton Rogers Commission Report Feynman checkerboard Feynman sprinkler
Bethe–Feynman_formula
Higher level of microcode
finite automaton Queue automaton Cellular automaton Quantum cellular automaton Turing machine Alternating Turing machine Universal Post–Turing Quantum Nondeterministic
Millicode
List of unsolved computational problems
time on a classical (non-quantum) computer? Can the discrete logarithm be computed in polynomial time on a classical (non-quantum) computer? Can the shortest
List of unsolved problems in computer science
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_computer_science
Structure from which the geometry of the universe arises
lattice quantization is formulated resulting in a quantum gravity description of spacetime. Quantum automaton universe by Jaroszkiewicz and Eakins Event states
Pregeometry_(physics)
Dutch theoretical physicist
quantum states in a local deterministic theory". arXiv:0908.3408 [quant-ph]. Gerard 't Hooft, 2016, The Cellular Automaton Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
Gerard_'t_Hooft
Italian-American professor of electrical and computer engineering (born 1943)
computer Block cellular automaton CAM-6 Computronium Critters (cellular automaton) Programmable matter Reversible cellular automaton Toffoli, Tommaso
Tommaso_Toffoli
Theorem in quantum mechanics
In quantum mechanics, the Hellmann–Feynman theorem relates the derivative of the total energy with respect to a parameter to the expectation value of
Hellmann–Feynman_theorem
Theorem in physics
Retrieved 2021-09-16. 't Hooft, Gerard (2016). The Cellular Automaton Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics. Fundamental Theories of Physics. Vol. 185
Bell's_theorem
British-American scientist (born 1959)
one-dimensional cellular automata, and a classification scheme for the complexity of their behaviour. He conjectured that the Rule 110 cellular automaton might
Stephen_Wolfram
Hungarian and American mathematician and physicist (1903–1957)
framework of quantum physics, in the development of functional analysis, and in game theory, introducing or codifying concepts including cellular automata
John_von_Neumann
Subfield of computer science and mathematics
universe is a huge cellular automaton which continuously updates its rules. Recently it has been suggested that the whole universe is a quantum computer that
Theoretical_computer_science
1994 science fiction novel by Greg Egan
reality. The Autoverse is an artificial life simulator based on a cellular automaton complex enough to represent the substratum of an artificial chemistry
Permutation_City
English mathematician (1937–2020)
branches of recreational mathematics, most notably the invention of the cellular automaton called the Game of Life. Born and raised in Liverpool, Conway spent
John_Horton_Conway
American physicist (1929-2016)
for quantum bits, as a quantum version of the cellular automaton of von Neumann. His early quantum space-times proving unphysical, he later studied chronons
David_Finkelstein
Play written by Peter Parnell
and, from late 2001 to mid-2002, on Broadway. The name refers to both Quantum ElectroDynamics, a field in particle physics, and Q.E.D. (quod erat demonstrandum)
QED_(play)
Chinese conglomerate and holding company
end of Tencent partnership, Story of Seasons mobile game discontinued". AUTOMATON WEST. Retrieved 8 August 2026. Wu, Julianna (25 June 2020). "Tencent ups
Tencent
American computational physicist
Beyond physics, his research interests included quantum chemistry, programming language design, cellular automata, and flexagons. McIntosh was born on March
Harold_V._McIntosh
Mathematical model of the time dependence of a point in space
integers the system is called a semi-cascade.[clarification needed] A cellular automaton is a tuple (T, M, Φ), with T a lattice such as the integers or a higher-dimensional
Dynamical_system
understand the mechanisms behind protein folding. Automaton Clanking replicator Cellular automaton Quantum artificial life SpudCell Cave, Stephen; Dihal,
History_of_artificial_life
Ability of a computing system to simulate Turing machines
computation, a computer's instruction set, a programming language, or a cellular automaton) is said to be Turing-complete or computationally universal if it
Turing_completeness
Russian–Israeli mathematician (1950–2020)
professor at Tel-Aviv University. He also worked on fault-tolerant cellular automaton. In 1998 he was an Invited Speaker at the International Congress of
Boris_Tsirelson
Apparent lack of pattern or predictability in events
number generators. There are many algorithms (based on arithmetics or cellular automaton) for generating pseudorandom numbers. The behavior of the system can
Randomness
American theoretical physicist (1941–2005)
invariants and cellular automata. Physica D; 2 Sept. 1990; vol.45, no.1-3, p. 328-44 Hasslacher, B.; Mottola, E. Asymptotically free quantum gravity and
Brosl_Hasslacher
American physicist and computer scientist (1934–2023)
Fredkin's primary contributions included work on reversible computing and cellular automata. While Konrad Zuse's book, Calculating Space (1969), mentioned
Edward_Fredkin
Hungarian-American mathematician and computer scientist
(Gacs–Kurdyumov–Levin rule) is the construction of a reliable one-dimensional cellular automaton presenting thus a counterexample to the positive rates conjecture
Peter_Gacs
Japanese computer scientist
the firing squad synchronization problem, a problem of designing a cellular automaton in which all cells simultaneously fire, starting from an initial configuration
Eiichi_Goto
Computation model defining an abstract machine
ratiocinator Chinese room Conway's Game of Life, a Turing-complete cellular automaton Digital infinity The Emperor's New Mind Enumerator (computer science)
Turing_machine
Field of mathematics and science based on non-linear systems and initial conditions
dimensional. A theory of linear chaos is being developed in functional analysis. Quantum mechanics is also often considered as a prime example of linear non chaotic
Chaos_theory
conditions for the (asymptotical) stability of motion? Is every reversible cellular automaton in three or more dimensions locally reversible? Sudoku: How many puzzles
List of unsolved problems in mathematics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_mathematics
degeneracy Quantum dimer models Quantum dissipation Quantum dot Quantum dot cellular automaton Quantum dot laser Quantum efficiency Quantum efficiency
Index_of_physics_articles_(Q)
Unconventional computer based on a semi-solid chemical "soup"
theoretically shown how a hypothetical "2+ medium" modelled as a cellular automaton can perform computation. Adamatzky was inspired by a theoretical article
Chemical_computer
Random process independent of past history
operator Markov random field Master equation Quantum Markov chain Semi-Markov process Stochastic cellular automaton Telescoping Markov chain Variable-order
Markov_chain
German philosopher (born 1947)
complex systems (e.g., cellular automatons and neural networks) that organize themselves in nature - from molecular and cellular systems to organisms and
Klaus_Mainzer
Branch of biology
equations. Logical deterministic cellular automata – discrete time, discrete state space. See also: Cellular automaton. A random mapping between an initial
Mathematical and theoretical biology
Mathematical_and_theoretical_biology
Type of Turing machine
Small weakly universal Turing machines that simulate the Rule 110 cellular automaton have been given for the (6, 2), (3, 3), and (2, 4) state–symbol pairs
Universal_Turing_machine
Boolean polynomials as sums of monomials
method of operation of the elementary cellular automaton called Rule 102. For example, start such a cellular automaton with eight cells set up with the outputs
Algebraic_normal_form
Process of forming order by local interactions
University Press, 1992 Dover Publications edition. J. Tkac, J Kroc (2017), Cellular Automaton Simulation of Dynamic Recrystallization: Introduction into Self-Organization
Self-organization
Programmable machine that processes data
1770s, Pierre Jaquet-Droz, a Swiss watchmaker, built a mechanical doll (automaton) that could write holding a quill pen. By switching the number and order
Computer
Unpredictable phenomenon in complex systems
Cellular Automaton Simulation of Dynamic Recrystallization: Introduction into Self-Organization and Emergence (Software) (PDF) Cellular Automaton Simulation
Emergence
Concept in physics
1987 paper, which clearly linked together those factors: a simple cellular automaton was shown to produce several characteristic features observed in natural
Self-organized_criticality
Japanese computer scientist
the Association for Computing Machinery for their work simulating the quantum states of a nanowire using the K computer. He is also known for his research
Daisuke Takahashi (mathematician)
Daisuke_Takahashi_(mathematician)
theory and coding theory. He is best known for the invention of the cellular automaton called Conway's Game of Life. Sir John Cornforth FRS, FAA (1917–2013):
List of atheists in science and technology
List_of_atheists_in_science_and_technology
Computing using molecular biology hardware
encodes an XOR operation; this allows the DNA array to implement a cellular automaton which generates a fractal called the Sierpinski gasket. This shows
DNA_computing
American mathematician and philosopher (1894–1964)
Engineering News. Systems science portal Autowave Box–Muller transform Cellular automaton Cybernetics in the Soviet Union Dualism (cybernetics) Functional integration
Norbert_Wiener
Collection of random variables
Gillespie algorithm Interacting particle system Markov chain Stochastic cellular automaton Random field Randomness Stationary process Statistical model Stochastic
Stochastic_process
Set of random variables
Markov chain Markov logic network Maximum entropy method Stochastic cellular automaton Sherrington, David; Kirkpatrick, Scott (1975), "Solvable Model of
Markov_random_field
Mathematical model of abstract computation
simulating any Turing machine Rule 110 — a Turing complete elementary cellular automaton Wolfram, Stephen (2002). A New Kind of Science. p. 709. Retrieved
Wolfram's 2-state 3-symbol Turing machine
Wolfram's_2-state_3-symbol_Turing_machine
1206, Al-Jazari invented programmable automata/robots. He described four automaton musicians, including two drummers operated by a programmable drum machine
History_of_technology
Overview of and topical guide to machine learning
Stefano Soatto Stephen Wolfram Stochastic block model Stochastic cellular automaton Stochastic diffusion search Stochastic grammar Stochastic matrix Stochastic
Outline_of_machine_learning
business process management, process mining, Petri nets Scott Aaronson – quantum computing and complexity theory Rediet Abebe – algorithms, artificial intelligence
List_of_computer_scientists
Self-Reproducing Automata" (PDF). Urbana: Univ. of Illinois Press. "Cellular Automaton". Metropolis, N.; Rosenbluth, A.W.; Rosenbluth, M.N.; Teller, A.H
Timeline of computational physics
Timeline_of_computational_physics
List of definitions of terms and concepts related to civil engineering
ISBN 978-0-87477-779-6. Automaton - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/automaton Williams, Jan
Glossary_of_civil_engineering
British chemist
Coveney, P. V.; Garboczi, E. J.; Kleyn, M. F.; Stutzman, P. E. (1994). "Cellular automaton simulations of cement hydration and microstructure development". Modelling
Peter_Coveney
for all thermonuclear weapons. Ulam discovered the concept of the cellular automaton, invented the Monte Carlo method of computation, and suggested nuclear
List of Polish inventors and discoverers
List_of_Polish_inventors_and_discoverers
adds properties such as strain to each particle Movable cellular automaton — combination of cellular automata with discrete elements Meshfree methods — does
List of numerical analysis topics
List_of_numerical_analysis_topics
2016. doi:10.17226/23394. ISBN 978-0-309-43729-5 – via www.nap.edu. Automaton (July 22, 2015). "AE Chair Vigor Yang elected to National Academy of Engineering"
List of California Institute of Technology people
List_of_California_Institute_of_Technology_people
Design and manufacture of artificial nucleic acid structures
operation has been demonstrated; this allows the DNA array to implement a cellular automaton that generates a fractal known as the Sierpinski gasket. The third
DNA_nanotechnology
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