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Concept in quantum mechanics
A quantum well is a potential well wherein the energy spectrum of charge carriers is discrete. As opposed to a bulk region, wherein the carriers are free
Quantum_well
Mathematical model in quantum mechanics
In quantum mechanics, the particle in a box model (also known as the infinite potential well or the infinite square well) describes the movement of a
Particle_in_a_box
Laser diode in which the active region is so narrow that quantum confinement occurs
A quantum-well laser is a laser diode in which the active region of the device is so narrow that quantum confinement occurs. Laser diodes are formed in
Quantum_well_laser
Concept in quantum mechanics
released from a potential well if sufficient energy is added to the system such that the local maximum is surmounted. In quantum physics, potential energy
Potential_well
Electronic device
A quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) is an infrared photodetector, which uses electronic intersubband transitions in quantum wells to absorb photons
Quantum well infrared photodetector
Quantum_well_infrared_photodetector
Light emission from substances after they absorb photons
exciton resonances of the first (e1h1) and the second quantum well subbands (e2, h2), as well as the absorption from the corresponding continuum states
Photoluminescence
Nano-scale semiconductor particles
Quantum dots (QDs) or semiconductor nanocrystals are semiconductor particles a few nanometres in size with optical and electronic properties that differ
Quantum_dot
Semiconductor laser
quantum well layer(s) to a layer(s) with quantum wires and especially quantum dots. In a quantum cascade laser, the difference between quantum well energy
Laser_diode
Optical instrument
intersubband transitions in a repeated stack of semiconductor multiple quantum well heterostructures, an idea first proposed in the article "Possibility
Quantum-cascade_laser
Quantum mechanical phenomenon
In physics, quantum tunnelling, barrier penetration, or simply tunnelling is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an object such as an electron or
Quantum_tunnelling
Quantum mechanics concept
potential well (also known as the finite square well) is a concept from quantum mechanics. It is an extension of the infinite potential well, in which
Finite_potential_well
A strained quantum well laser is a type of quantum-well laser, which was invented by Professor Alf Adams at the University of Surrey in 1986. The laser
Strained_quantum-well_laser
Device that emites acoustic radiation
series of structures known as quantum wells. Briefly, as an electron hops from one quantum well to another neighbouring well it produces a phonon. External
Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
Sound_amplification_by_stimulated_emission_of_radiation
Semiconductor light source
InGaN quantum wells sandwiched between thicker layers of GaN, called cladding layers. By varying the relative In/Ga fraction in the InGaN quantum wells, the
Light-emitting_diode
Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale
disciplines, including quantum chemistry, quantum biology, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science. Quantum mechanics can describe
Quantum_mechanics
Phenomenon in quantum systems
In quantum mechanics, quantum scarring is a phenomenon where the eigenstates of a classically chaotic quantum system have enhanced probability density
Quantum_scar
American alternative medicine advocate (born 1946)
in promoting general well-being. In discussing health care, Chopra has used the term "quantum healing", which he defined in Quantum Healing (1989) as the
Deepak_Chopra
Observation on the growth of integrated circuit capacity
In 2009, Intel announced the development of 80 nm InGaAs quantum well transistors. Quantum well devices contain a material sandwiched between two layers
Moore's_law
Type of MOSFET
A quantum field-effect transistor (QFET) or quantum-well field-effect transistor (QWFET) is a type of MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor)
QFET
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
A quantum computer is a real or theoretical computer that exploits quantum phenomena like superposition and entanglement in an essential way. It is widely
Quantum_computing
Photodetector sensitive to infrared radiation
is mediated by intersubband transitions in a semiconductor multiple-quantum-well structure. The term cascade refers to the characteristic path of the
Quantum_cascade_detector
Semiconductor laser that uses quantum dots as the active laser medium
fabricate quantum dot lasers operating at wavelengths beyond those achievable in quantum well lasers. In injection lasers based on self-assembled quantum dots
Quantum_dot_laser
Type of semiconductor laser diode
to the wafer surface with an active region consisting of one or more quantum wells for the laser light generation in between. The planar DBR-mirrors consist
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
Vertical-cavity_surface-emitting_laser
electro-optic modulators (EOMs), piezo-actuated deflectors, multiple quantum well (MQW) devices, and liquid crystal modulators, though any one of numerous
Modulating_retro-reflector
Effect in quantum electronics
emission spectrum of a quantum well (QW). In the absence of an external electric field, electrons and holes within the quantum well may only occupy states
Quantum-confined_Stark_effect
Type of display device
A quantum dot display is a display device that uses quantum dots (QDs), semiconductor nanocrystals which can produce pure monochromatic red, green, and
Quantum_dot_display
Device used for modulating a laser beam
high extinction ratio, one usually exploits the Quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) in a quantum well structure. Compared with an Electro-optic modulator
Electro-absorption_modulator
Type of magnetometer
A SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) is a very sensitive magnetometer used to measure extremely weak magnetic fields, based on superconducting
SQUID
American physicist
28 patents, including a 1976 patent covering what is now called the quantum well laser. Throughout his career, Henry worked at the forefront of semiconductor-based
Charles_H._Henry
Examples of quantum heterostructures confining the carriers in quasi-two, -one and -zero dimensions are: Quantum wells Quantum wires Quantum dots G Bastard;
Quantum_heterostructure
Type of field-effect transistor
because the heterojunction created by different band-gap materials forms a quantum well (a steep canyon) in the conduction band on the GaAs side where the electrons
High-electron-mobility transistor
High-electron-mobility_transistor
microparticle scattering, as well as quantum systems, where it arises electronic devices, such as field effect transistors and quantum cascade lasers. In the
Scattering from rough surfaces
Scattering_from_rough_surfaces
Tunneling diode
p–n junction in Esaki diodes, double barrier, triple barrier, quantum well, or quantum wire. The structure and fabrication process of Si/SiGe resonant
Resonant-tunneling_diode
Information held in the state of a quantum system
Quantum information is the information of the state of a quantum system. It is the basic entity of study in quantum information science, and can be manipulated
Quantum_information
Practical physics application
used to produce different colors of light. Another type of LED uses a quantum dot which can have its properties and wavelength adjusted by its size.
Light-emitting_diode_physics
Semiconductor diode
unload single electrons in semiconductor nanostructures such as quantum wells or quantum dots. Commonly encountered Schottky diodes include the 1N58xx series
Schottky_diode
Periodic recurrence of the quantum wave function
In quantum mechanics, quantum revival is a periodic recurrence of the quantum wave function during its time-evolution. This can be either many times in
Quantum_revival
Type of transistor
field-effect transistor) is a high-electron-mobility transistor using a quantum well structure formed by graded doping of the active region. The TFET (tunnel
Field-effect_transistor
Physical phenomenon
Quantum teleportation is a technique for transferring quantum information from a sender at one location to a receiver some distance away. While teleportation
Quantum_teleportation
Interface between two layers or regions of dissimilar semiconductors
band gap could be controlled by taking advantage of the quantum size effects in quantum well heterostructures. Furthermore, heterostructures can be used
Heterojunction
2016 video game
Quantum Break is a 2016 action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by Remedy Entertainment and published by Microsoft Studios. The game
Quantum_Break
Physicist
Laboratory. He works primarily in Quantum Well Infrared Photo Detecting. He is also a board member of Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector Technologies
Sarath_Gunapala
Technological development using the laws of quantum mechanics
Quantum engineering is the development of technology that capitalizes on the laws of quantum mechanics. This type of engineering uses quantum mechanics
Quantum_engineering
Quantum device which stores energy
A quantum battery is a type of electric battery that uses the principles of quantum mechanics to store energy. They have the potential to be more efficient
Quantum_battery
Crystal growth process
structures where the electrons can be confined in space, giving quantum wells or even quantum dots. Such layers are now a critical part of many modern semiconductor
Molecular-beam_epitaxy
Description of gravity using discrete values
gravitational nor quantum effects can be ignored, such as in the vicinity of black holes or similar compact astrophysical objects, as well as in the early
Quantum_gravity
Proposed state of matter in semiconductors
quantum spin Hall state does not break charge conservation symmetry and spin- S z {\displaystyle S_{z}} conservation symmetry (in order to have well defined
Quantum_spin_Hall_effect
Algorithm to be run on quantum computers
In quantum computing, a quantum algorithm is an algorithm that runs on a realistic model of quantum computation, the most commonly used model being the
Quantum_algorithm
Computer programming for quantum computers
Quantum programming refers to the process of designing and implementing algorithms that operate on quantum systems, typically using quantum circuits composed
Quantum_programming
Foundational object in quantum communication theory
In quantum information theory, a quantum channel is a communication channel that can transmit quantum information, as well as classical information. An
Quantum_channel
Networks connecting quantum processors
Quantum networks form an important element of quantum computing and quantum communication systems. Quantum networks facilitate the transmission of information
Quantum_network
2008 James Bond film by Marc Forster
Quantum of Solace is a 2008 action spy film and the twenty-second in the James Bond series produced by Eon Productions. Directed by Marc Forster and written
Quantum_of_Solace
Chinese-American physicist (1963–2018)
theorist known for his work on topological insulators, the quantum Hall effect, the quantum spin Hall effect, spintronics, and high-temperature superconductivity
Shoucheng_Zhang
Cryptography based on quantum mechanical phenomena
Quantum cryptography is the exploiting of quantum-mechanical properties such as quantum entanglement, measurement disturbance, no-cloning theorem, and
Quantum_cryptography
Interdisciplinary research area
Quantum machine learning (QML) is the study of quantum algorithms for machine learning. It often refers to quantum algorithms for machine learning tasks
Quantum_machine_learning
Notation for conserved quantities in physics and chemistry
In quantum physics and chemistry, quantum numbers are quantities that characterize the possible states of the system. To fully specify the state of the
Quantum_number
Computational benchmark
In quantum computing, quantum supremacy or quantum advantage is the goal of demonstrating that a programmable quantum computer can solve a problem that
Quantum_supremacy
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
Post-quantum cryptography (PQC), sometimes referred to as quantum-proof, quantum-safe, or quantum-resistant, is the development of cryptographic algorithms
Post-quantum_cryptography
Periodic structure of layers of two or more materials
refer to a lower-dimensional structure such as an array of quantum dots or quantum wells. Superlattices were discovered early in 1925 by Johansson and
Superlattice
Study of sudden qualitative behavior changes caused by small parameter changes
experimentally such as the kicked top and coupled quantum wells. The dominant reason for the link between quantum systems and bifurcations in the classical equations
Bifurcation_theory
Electromagnetic effect in physics
telluride two dimensional quantum wells with strong spin-orbit coupling, in zero magnetic field, at low temperature, the quantum spin Hall effect has been
Hall_effect
2008 first-person shooter video game
007: Quantum of Solace is a 2008 shooter video game published by Activision. Based on the James Bond films Casino Royale (2006) and Quantum of Solace (2008)
007:_Quantum_of_Solace
Experimental technique to determine the distribution of electrons in solids
investigate high-temperature superconductors, graphene, topological materials, quantum well states, and materials exhibiting charge density waves. ARPES systems
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Angle-resolved_photoemission_spectroscopy
Diode that allows current to flow in the reverse direction at a specific voltage
Zener voltage, in which case the reverse conduction occurs due to electron quantum tunnelling in the short distance between p and n regions. Diodes with a
Zener_diode
Type of electronic noise
interplay of electrostatic interaction and of the density of states in the quantum well leads to a strong enhancement of shot noise when the device is biased
Shot_noise
Central computer component that executes instructions
researchers to investigate new methods of computing such as the quantum computer, as well as to expand the use of parallelism and other methods that extend
Central_processing_unit
Theoretical framework in physics
theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics. QFT is used
Quantum_field_theory
Japanese physicist (born 1925)
solid tunneling effects in physics, and it was the birth of the first quantum electronic device, the tunnel diode. In 1969, Esaki predicted that semiconductor
Leo_Esaki
Device for producing coherent EM waves in the sub-visible spectrum
Singer, Masers, John Whiley and Sons Inc., 1959. J. Vanier, C. Audoin, The Quantum Physics of Atomic Frequency Standards, Adam Hilger, Bristol, 1989. Wikimedia
Maser
Interdisciplinary theory behind quantum computing
Quantum information science is an interdisciplinary field that combines the principles of quantum mechanics, information theory, and computer science
Quantum_information_science
Loss of quantum coherence
Quantum decoherence is the loss of quantum coherence. It involves generally a loss of information of a system to its environment. Quantum decoherence
Quantum_decoherence
Branch of physics seeking to explain chaotic dynamical systems in terms of quantum theory
Quantum chaos is a branch of physics focused on how chaotic classical dynamical systems can be described in terms of quantum theory. The primary question
Quantum_chaos
Alloy
980 nm, 1060 nm, and 1300 nm. InGaAs quantum dots on GaAs have also been studied as lasers. GaInAs/InAlAs quantum-well lasers can be tuned to operate at
Indium_gallium_arsenide
Quantum mechanics thought experiment
Quantum suicide is a thought experiment in quantum mechanics and the philosophy of physics. Purportedly, it can falsify any interpretation of quantum
Quantum suicide and immortality
Quantum_suicide_and_immortality
Italian applied physicist
known as band-structure engineering. He applied it to novel low noise quantum well avalanche photodiodes, heterojunction transistors, memory devices and
Federico_Capasso
Physics phenomenon
Quantum entanglement is the phenomenon in which the quantum state of each particle in a group cannot be described independently of the state of the others
Quantum_entanglement
Computing company founded in 2014
a quantum computing company formed by the merger of Cambridge Quantum and Honeywell Quantum Solutions. The company's H-Series trapped-ion quantum computers
Quantinuum
Diode that emits light from an organic compound
has been invested in developing blue OLEDs with high external quantum efficiency, as well as a deeper blue color. Since 2012, research focuses on organic
OLED
1970s British band
Quantum Jump were a 1970s British band, consisting of singer and keyboard player Rupert Hine, guitarist Mark Warner, bass player John G. Perry (then of
Quantum_Jump
Technology for constructing integrated circuits
p. 330. ISBN 978-3-540-34258-8. Gilder, George (1990). Microcosm: The Quantum Revolution In Economics And Technology. Simon and Schuster. pp. 144–5.
CMOS
epilayers of the LED quantum well have inherently mismatched lattice constants, creating strain between the layers. Due to the quantum confined Stark effect
Strain_engineering
Matter which can change its physical properties in a programmable fashion
concepts of discrete units interacting to give a desired overall behavior. Quantum wells can hold one or more electrons. Those electrons behave like artificial
Programmable_matter
semiconductor laser technologies. In a standard multiple quantum well laser, the active quantum wells used to generate photons are connected in parallel. Consequently
Interband_cascade_laser
of quantum mechanics is a fundamental part of the history of modern physics. The major chapters of this history begin with the emergence of quantum ideas
History_of_quantum_mechanics
Photoexciation and similar effects
superposition of excited quantum states in the material. Coherent denotes the fact that the material excitations have a well defined phase relation which
Coherent effects in semiconductor optics
Coherent_effects_in_semiconductor_optics
Device measuring quantum mechanical effects
Within quantum technology, a quantum sensor utilizes quantum mechanical phenomena, such as quantum superposition, quantum entanglement, and quantum squeezing
Quantum_sensor
Converts light into current
photoconductive mode. The wavelength-dependence may also be expressed as a quantum efficiency or the ratio of the number of photogenerated carriers to incident
Photodiode
Iranian-American Physicist
III-Nitride semiconductor devices, quantum cascade lasers, quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIP), and self assembled quantum dot devices. Razeghi received
Manijeh_Razeghi
Proposed superconducting material
heterojunction quantum well between the Pb(1) and oxygen within the phosphate ([PO4]3−). Kim Hyun-Tak proposed that this quantum well could be superconducting
LK-99
Semiconductor material
electrons to a gallium arsenide region. An example of such a device is a quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP). It is commonly used in GaAs-based red-
Aluminium_gallium_arsenide
Chemical semiconductor compound
(1995). "Stimulated Emission by Current Injection from an AlGaN/GaN/GaInN Quantum Well Device". Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. 34 (11B) L1517. Bibcode:1995JaJAP
Gallium_nitride
Mathematical entity to describe the probability of each possible measurement on a system
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution
Quantum_state
Microchip manipulating light instead of electricity
modes is a need for quantum computing, this technology may be helpful to miniaturize quantum computers (see linear optical quantum computing). Another
Photonic_integrated_circuit
Early form of computer memory
electrical resistance of the phosphor and the size of the well. The process of creating the charge well is used as the write operation in a computer memory
Williams_tube
Apparent lack of definite state before measurement of quantum systems
were well understood, and it was known that they could either be reduced by better equipment or accounted for by statistical error models. In quantum mechanics
Quantum_indeterminacy
Scientific model in solid-state physics
between two semiconducting materials to confine electrons to a triangular quantum well. Electrons confined to the heterojunction of HEMTs exhibit higher mobilities
Two-dimensional_electron_gas
Sensors of light or other electromagnetic energy
computing. Today, advancements continue with high-speed detectors and quantum technologies. Photodetectors can be classified based on their mechanism
Photodetector
Diode that works using quantum tunneling
semiconductor diode that has effectively "negative resistance" due to the quantum mechanical effect called tunneling. It was invented in August 1957 by Leo
Tunnel_diode
discovery of the quantum Hall effect. The MOSFET is used in quantum technology. A quantum field-effect transistor (QFET) or quantum well field-effect transistor
List_of_MOSFET_applications
Topics referred to by the same term
magazine project Enemy Territory: Quake Wars, a 2007 video game Quantum well, in quantum physics and materials science Quo warranto, a legal writ QW missile
QW
QUANTUM WELL
QUANTUM WELL
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the personal name Horace, Latin Horatius, a Roman family name of unknown origin, associated chiefly with the name of the poet Quintus Horatius Flaccus (65–8 bc).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Middle English cointe, quointe ‘known’ (via Old French, from Latin cognitus ‘known’). The Middle English word was used in various senses, any of which could have given rise to the surname: ‘cunning’, ‘crafty’, ‘knowledgeable’ (especially about dress, hence ‘elegant’), ‘attractive’. The sense development continued with ‘odd’ or ‘unusual’, the normal meaning of the modern English word ‘quaint’.German and Dutch : variant of Quandt.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of the three places named Wellington, in Herefordshire, Shropshire, and Somerset. All are most probably named with an unattested Old English personal name Wēola + -ing- (implying association with) + tūn ‘settlement’.Roger Wellington came to Massachusetts Bay Colony from England in 1636.
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Well-hill
Boy/Male
German
From the Well-farm
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Well.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Fourth.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of several places named with the plural of Old English well(a) ‘spring’, ‘stream’, or a topopgraphical name from this word (in its plural form), for example Wells in Somerset or Wells-next-the-Sea in Norfolk.Translation of French Dupuis or any of its variants.One of numerous early immigrants from England bearing this name was Thomas Welles, governor of colonial CT, who was in Hartford, CT, by 1636.
Male
English
English surname transferred to forename use, derived from the Norman baronial name Cuinchy, a derivative of Roman Quintus, QUINCY means "fifth."
Biblical
fourth
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived near a spring or stream, Middle English well(e) (Old English well(a)).German : from a short form of the personal names Wallo, Walilo.German : nickname from Middle High German wël ‘round’.
Boy/Male
Danish, Finnish, French, German, Latin, Shakespearean, Swedish
Born Fifth
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Well-ford
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Calm
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Wellman.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Wells.
Surname or Lastname
English (also well established in South Wales)
English (also well established in South Wales) : topographic name for someone who lived in a nook or hollow, from Old English and Middle English hale, dative of h(e)alh ‘nook’, ‘hollow’. In northern England the word often has a specialized meaning, denoting a piece of flat alluvial land by the side of a river, typically one deposited in a bend. In southeastern England it often referred to a patch of dry land in a fen. In some cases the surname may be a habitational name from any of the several places in England named with this fossilized inflected form, which would originally have been preceded by a preposition, e.g. in the hale or at the hale.English : from a Middle English personal name derived from either of two Old English bynames, Hæle ‘hero’ or Hægel, which is probably akin to Germanic Hagano ‘hawthorn’ (see Hain 2).Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Céile (see McHale).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant spelling of Halle.Robert Hale, who settled in Cambridge, MA, in 1632, was an ancestor of the revolutionary war patriot and spy Nathan Hale (1755–76) of CT. The common English surname was brought independently in the 17th century to VA and MD.
Boy/Male
Latin Biblical
Born fourth.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Well, with the addition of man ‘man’, i.e. ‘man who lived by a stream’.Variant spelling of German Wellmann.Swedish : ornamental name composed of an unexplained first element (found as a place-name element, of various possible origins) + man ‘man’.Thomas Welman came to Lynn, MA, from England before 1640.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from the Old English personal name Wella.topographic name for someone who lived near a spring or stream, from a derivative of Old English well(a) ‘spring’, ‘stream’.German : habitational name from any of various places in the Rhineland called Welling or Wellingen.
QUANTUM WELL
QUANTUM WELL
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English
Name of Several Kings; Universal
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Brave as the Lord
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Balika's Husband
Girl/Female
African
Most beautiful.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Affectionate
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
One who Serves a Merciful Man
Girl/Female
British, English, Italian, Latin
Golden Beautiful; Prayer
Surname or Lastname
English (Kent)
English (Kent) : variant of Akers.
Boy/Male
Greek
Friendly. Son of Poseidon in Greek mythology.
Boy/Male
Hindu
With beautiful smile
QUANTUM WELL
QUANTUM WELL
QUANTUM WELL
QUANTUM WELL
QUANTUM WELL
n.
A function involving the coefficients and the variables of a quantic, and such that when the quantic is lineally transformed the same function of the new variables and coefficients shall be equal to the old function multiplied by a factor. An invariant is a like function involving only the coefficients of the quantic.
n.
Quantity; amount.
n.
One who wishes well, or means kindly.
a.
Spoken with propriety; as, well-spoken words.
n.
A quantic of the sixth degree.
a.
Speaking well; speaking with fitness or grace; speaking kindly.
n.
A punting pole with a broad flange near the end to prevent it from sinking into the mud; a setting pole.
n.
A quantic of the second degree. See Quantic.
n.
One who wishes another well; one who is benevolently or friendlily inclined.
n.
A quantic of the seventh degree.
n.
A definite portion of a manifoldness, limited by a mark or by a boundary.
n.
One of the variables of a quantic as distinguished from a coefficient.
n.
A quantic of the fourth degree. See Quantic.
n.
A quantic of the fifth degree. See Quantic.
pl.
of Quantum
n.
A homogeneous algebraic function of two or more variables, in general containing only positive integral powers of the variables, and called quadric, cubic, quartic, etc., according as it is of the second, third, fourth, fifth, or a higher degree. These are further called binary, ternary, quaternary, etc., according as they contain two, three, four, or more variables; thus, the quantic / is a binary cubic.
n.
A fanciful, odd, or extravagant notion; a quant fancy; an unnatural or affected conception; a witty thought or turn of expression; a fanciful device; a whim; a quip.
n.
Part or proportion; quota.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or in the manner of, the Roman general, Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus; cautious; dilatory; avoiding a decisive contest.
n.
A quantic of the eighth degree.