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Class of functions in spatial ecology
Resource selection functions (RSFs) are a class of functions that are used in spatial ecology to assess which habitat characteristics are important to
Resource_selection_function
Predator at the top of a food chain
lake trout, the suppressed native apex predator, diversified its prey selection and increased its trophic level. As a terrestrial example, the badger
Apex_predator
Algorithmic technique in ecology
models, bioclimatic models, or resource selection function models, model the observed distribution of a species as a function of environmental conditions
Species distribution modelling
Species_distribution_modelling
Study of distribution of species
importantly in the Galapagos Islands. Darwin introduced the idea of natural selection, as he theorized against previously accepted ideas that species were static
Biogeography
Virus that infects bacteria
Management of Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents in Resource-Limited Regions. Appl Environ Microbiol 86:e00616-20. https://doi.org/10
Bacteriophage
Ecological theory concerning the selection of life history traits
The r/K selection theory is an evolutionary hypothesis examining the selection of traits in an organism that trade off between quantity and quality of
R/K_selection_theory
Growth is limited by the scarcest resource
growth is dictated not by total resources available, but by the scarcest resource (limiting factor). The law has also been applied to biological populations
Liebig's_law_of_the_minimum
Smallest size a biological population can exist without facing extinction
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Minimum_viable_population
Mathematical model of animal foraging behavior
located in discrete patches separated by areas with no resources. Due to the resource-free space, animals must spend time traveling between patches. The MVT
Marginal_value_theorem
Dead particulate organic material
and quality: unifying food web and ecosystem perspectives on the role of resource subsidies in freshwaters". Ecology. 92 (6): 1215–1225. Bibcode:2011Ecol
Detritus
Aspect of ecosystems
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Food_chain
Animal that can eat and survive on both plants and animals
question of context and emphasis, rather than of definition. Consumer-resource systems Evolution (biology) Food chain Food energy Ingestion List of diets
Omnivore
Animal that feeds on decomposing plant and animal parts as well as faeces
both detritivores and scavengers are the same type of cases of consumer-resource systems. The consumption of wood, whether alive or dead, is known as xylophagy
Detritivore
Transition area between two biological communities
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Ecotone
Beneficial symbiosis between species
reduction in the number of teeth, which has been attributed to the strong selection for reduced aggression. This process may have begun during the initial
Commensalism
Type of heterotrophic nutrition based on decayed organic matter
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Saprotroph
Non-living factors that affect organisms and ecosystems
physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems. Abiotic factors and the phenomena associated with them
Abiotic_component
General appearance of an animal
— Robert Hooke According to Charles Darwin's 1859 theory of natural selection, features such as coloration evolved by providing individual animals with
Animal_coloration
Organism that eats mostly or exclusively animal tissue
gobiconodontids and Jugulator, with a three-cusp anatomy which nevertheless functioned similarly to carnassials. Mesocarnivore Ullrey, Duane E. "Nutrient". Encyclopedia
Carnivore
Organism type
organisms, called heterotrophs, take in autotrophs as food to carry out functions necessary for their life. Thus, heterotrophs – all animals, almost all
Autotroph
Family of birds
patterns of pileated woodpeckers in a managed Acadian forest: a resource selection function". Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 35 (10): 2387–2393. Bibcode:2005CaJFR
Woodpecker
Organism that breaks down dead or decaying organisms
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Decomposer
Ecological metric
Naoyuki; Tomo, Tatsuya (2020-01-13). "Structural basis for the adaptation and function of chlorophyll f in photosystem I". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 238
Photosynthetic_efficiency
Behavior characterized by activity during the night and sleeping during the day
illumination (see metaturnal). Others, such as bushbabies and (some) bats, can function only at night. Many nocturnal creatures including tarsiers and some owls
Nocturnal_animal
Biological process
387–398. ISBN 0-7923-6020-6 Biotechnology for Environmental Management and Resource Recovery. Springer. 2013. p. 179. ISBN 978-81-322-0876-1. The Purple Phototrophic
Chemosynthesis
Equations modelling predator–prey cycles
equations for military forces Random generalized Lotka–Volterra model Consumer-resource model Cooke, D.; Hiorns, R. W.; et al. (1981). The Mathematical Theory
Lotka–Volterra_equations
Mutually beneficial interaction between species
bacteria has also been observed in a process known as cross-feeding. Service-resource relationships are common. Three important types are pollination, cleaning
Mutualism_(biology)
Rocky pool on a seashore, separated from the sea at low tide, filled with seawater
Pechenik, Jan A. (December 2018). "Temperature and Salinity Effects on Shell Selection by the Hermit Crab Pagurus longicarpus". The Biological Bulletin. 235
Tide_pool
Community of living organisms together with the nonliving components of their environment
"directional change in ecosystem structure and functioning resulting from biotically driven changes in resource supply." The frequency and severity of disturbance
Ecosystem
Species that is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Generalist and specialist species
Generalist_and_specialist_species
Group of sympatric species with similar ecological function
the resource were related or similar. The term guild is a broad term to describe the relationship between different species using the same resource. Since
Guild_(ecology)
Topics referred to by the same term
Function, a component of the National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF) Rentable Square Feet, a measure of floor area (building) Resource selection function
RSF
Gradual buildup of substances in an organism
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Bioaccumulation
Organisms that obtain energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Chemotroph
Position of an organism in a food chain
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Trophic_level
Graphical representation of biomass or biomass productivity
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Ecological_pyramid
Biological process to convert light into chemical energy
and their applications in environmental biotechnology for sustainable Resource recovery". Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 28 e00563. doi:10
Photosynthesis
Process of progressive accumulation in food chain
specific detoxification and excretion mechanisms, as there has been no selection pressure from them. These substances are consequently known as "persistent
Biomagnification
Species with a large effect on its environment
interactions, a non-abundant species has an outsized impact on ecosystem functions. For example, the herbivorous weevil Euhrychiopsis lecontei is thought
Keystone_species
Ecology proposition
is a proposition that two species which compete for the same limited resource cannot coexist at constant population sizes. When one species has even
Competitive exclusion principle
Competitive_exclusion_principle
Ratio of animal feed to desired product
affected by the units of measurement used to determine the FCR. FCR a function of the animal's genetics and age, the quality and ingredients of the feed
Feed_conversion_ratio
Superseded ecological theory
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Balance_of_nature
Variety of species in an ecological community, landscape or region
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Species_richness
Effect that organisms have on other organisms
match the adaptations on the other side, and have been shaped by natural selection on their effectiveness of pollination. Seed dispersal is the movement
Biological_interaction
Non-native organism causing damage to an established environment
impact of additional species on the ecosystem. Stable ecosystems have a resource equilibrium, which can be changed fundamentally by the arrival of invasive
Invasive_species
Exponential growth based on a constant rate
exponential growth based on the idea of the function being proportional to the speed to which the function grows. The model is named after Thomas Robert
Malthusian_growth_model
Organism that can live in an environment that offers very low levels of nutrients
struggle to regulate nutrient uptake. For example, oligotrophs' enzymes function well in low nutrient environments, but struggle in high nutrient environments
Oligotroph
Corporate task of optimizing the existing resources in a company
to use ERP systems. An "ERP system selection methodology" is a formal process for selecting an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. Existing methodologies
Enterprise_resource_planning
Emission of light by a living organism
luciferases was as mixed-function oxygenases. As the early ancestors of many species moved into deeper and darker waters natural selection favored the development
Bioluminescence
Measure of species' ecological influence
dominant species are predicted to have overwhelming effects on ecosystem function and ecological processes due to their relatively high biomass and ubiquity
Dominance_(ecology)
Fit of a species living under specific environmental conditions
Richard Levins using the 'resource-utilization' niche employing histograms to describe the 'frequency of occurrence' as a function of a Hutchinson coordinate
Ecological_niche
Biological principle about the differential reproductive success in males versus females
Bateman's principle has served as a cornerstone for the study of sexual selection for many decades, it has been controversial. One study refers to the paper
Bateman's_principle
Symbiotism between certain parasitic plants and fungi
Taylor DL, Bruns TD, Leake JR, Read DJ. 2002. Mycorrhizal specificity and function in myco-heterotrophic plants. In: Mycorrhizal Ecology (Sanders IR, van
Myco-heterotrophy
Organism that eats mostly or exclusively plant material
carnivory, and omnivory can be regarded as special cases of consumer–resource interactions. Two herbivore feeding strategies are grazing (e.g. cows)
Herbivore
Living creatures that eat organisms from a different population
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Consumer_(food_chain)
Species introduced by human activity
Lowe, Sarah (2000). "00 of the world's worst invasive alien species: a selection from the global invasive species database". Auckland: Invasive Species
Introduced_species
Measure of the ability of water to sustain biological productivity
require cold, well-oxygenated waters. The oxygen content of these lakes is a function of their seasonally mixed hypolimnetic volume. Hypolimnetic volumes that
Trophic_state_index
Part of Earth's aquatic ecosystems
ISBN 978-0-521-51940-3. Allan, J.D. 1995. Stream Ecology: structure and function of running waters. Chapman and Hall, London. Pp. 388. Odum, Eugene P. (1953)
Freshwater_ecosystem
cells. Bacterivore Effects of microbivore species composition and basal resource enrichment on trophic-level biomasses in an experimental microbial-based
Microbivory
Approximate power law relating animal metabolic rate to mass
natural selection can indeed select for minimal transport energy dissipation during rest, without abandoning the ability for less efficient function at other
Kleiber's_law
Three biological processes
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Recruitment_(biology)
Ecological niche
other organisms living in the same environment – especially in terms of resource availability. It's also vital to recognize that ecosystem engineers are
Ecosystem_engineer
Dietary interactions between species
Consumer–resource interactions are the core motif of ecological food chains or food webs, and are an umbrella term for a variety of more specialized types
Consumer–resource interactions
Consumer–resource_interactions
Species protected to aid further species
Dennis D. (2001). "Empirical Validation of a Method for Umbrella Species Selection". Ecological Applications. 11 (5): 1489–1501. doi:10
Umbrella_species
Study of organisms and their environment
applications in fields such as conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management, and human ecology. The term ecology (German: Ökologie) was
Ecology
Ecogeographical rule in evolutionary biology
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Foster's_rule
Biological interaction
Flaxman, Samuel M. (2012). "Can predators assess the quality of their prey's resource?". Animal Behaviour. 83 (4): 883–890. Bibcode:2012AnBeh..83..883W. doi:10
Predation
Relative representation of a species in an ecosystem
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Abundance_(ecology)
High plankton diversity despite scarce resources
exclusion principle, which holds that when two species compete for the same resource, one will be driven to extinction. The paradox of the plankton results
Paradox_of_the_plankton
Killing and sometimes eating of potential competitors
if the intermediate predator is a better competitor for the shared prey resource. The ecological effects of intraguild predation include direct effects
Intraguild_predation
Animal that feeds on carrion
often-limited availability of carrion, the ability of these beetles to share this resource with other beetles and defend it against flies and ants is also an advantage
Necrophage
Mature ecological community of organisms best adapted to an area
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Climax_community
Associated populations of species in a given area
Organisms in the same guild experience competition due to their shared resource. Closely related species are often in the same guild, due to traits inherited
Community_(ecology)
Ecological concept
ecosystems. The extent to which edge effects affect species interactions and resource distribution varies as a result. Ecologists have thus defined various types
Edge_effects
Geographical area in which a species can be found
the space between individuals generally arises from competition for a resource such as moisture or nutrients, or as a result of direct social interactions
Species_distribution
Approach to the effective management of people in a company
resource management" consequently became the dominant term for the function, with the ASPA even changing its name to the Society for Human Resource Management
Human_resource_management
Population phenomenon in biology
negative density dependence often offsets the component Allee effects through resource competition, thus erasing the demographic Allee effect. Allee effects might
Allee_effect
Organism using energy from light in metabolic processes
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Phototroph
Searching for wild food resources
foragers may adopt less risky and energy-efficient strategies. Conversely, in resource-scarce or high-risk environments, more complex and risky foraging behaviors
Foraging
Concealment in plain sight by any means, e.g. colour, pattern and shape
over a century. According to Charles Darwin's 1859 theory of natural selection, features such as camouflage evolved by providing individual animals with
Camouflage
Maximum population size of a species that an ecosystem can support
of carrying capacity on population dynamics is modelled with a logistic function. Carrying capacity is applied to the maximum population an environment
Carrying_capacity
Concept in population ecology
the per-capita contribution of each worm to transmission decreases as a function of infection intensity. Parasite-induced vector mortality is a form of
Density_dependence
Ecological concept
effective population sizes, because of the effects of selection at linked sites. In a population with selection at many loci and abundant linkage disequilibrium
Effective_population_size
Classification of distinct populations lesser than subspecies
interbreed). Polymorphism are maintained in populations of species by natural selection. In fact, Begon, Townsend, and Harper assert that There is not always
Ecotype
Fissure in a planet's surface from which heated water emits
the host to survive the otherwise toxic conditions). Work on microbiome function shows that host-associated microbiomes are also important in host development
Hydrothermal_vent
Study of environmental issues, nature and culture
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Environmental_humanities
Capacity of ecosystems to resist and recover from change
environmental resource management and ecosystem management, which aim to build ecological resilience through "resilience analysis, adaptive resource management
Ecological_resilience
Theory of evolutionary biology
(although space per se isn't necessarily a resource, it is often a useful surrogate variable for a limiting resource that is distributed over the landscape;
Unified neutral theory of biodiversity
Unified_neutral_theory_of_biodiversity
Type of animal group activity
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Feeding_frenzy
Field of ecology
principle: two consumers consuming the same resource. An important concept in population ecology is the r/K selection theory. For example, if an animal has
Population_ecology
Type of environment in which an organism lives
number of deep sea creatures are bioluminescent; this serves a variety of functions including predation, protection and social recognition. In general, the
Habitat
Event or force driving ecological change via mortality
and biodiversity in ecosystems, enhancing overall ecosystem health and functioning. Anthropogenic climate change is considered a major source of change
Disturbance_(ecology)
Class of ecological models
In theoretical ecology and nonlinear dynamics, consumer-resource models (CRMs) are a class of ecological models in which a community of consumer species
Consumer-resource_model
Group of separated yet interacting ecological populations
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Metapopulation
Ecological theory
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Mesopredator release hypothesis
Mesopredator_release_hypothesis
Process by which an organism shapes its environment
environmental conditions, 2) these modifications must influence one or more selection pressures on a recipient organism, and 3) there must be an evolutionary
Niche_construction
Ecological inflection points
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Ecological_threshold
Modeling language used in energy flow diagrams
Landscape limnology Metapopulation Patch dynamics r/K selection theory Resource selection function Source–sink dynamics Niche Ecological trap Ecosystem
Energy_systems_language
Efficiency of energy transfer from one trophic level to next
is determined by a combination of efficiencies relating to organismic resource acquisition and assimilation in an ecosystem. Primary production occurs
Ecological_efficiency
Study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures
comparative methods Selection Balancing selection Directional selection Disruptive selection Stabilizing selection r/K selection theory Somatic effort
Behavioral_ecology
RESOURCE SELECTION-FUNCTION
RESOURCE SELECTION-FUNCTION
Girl/Female
Japanese
Mirror reflection.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Choice; Preference; Selection
Boy/Male
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim
Election; Last Dream
Boy/Male
Hindu
Reflection
Girl/Female
Indian, Malayalam
Reflection
Girl/Female
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu
Reflection; Outlook; Reflection Reflection
Boy/Male
Indian
Reflection; Gnawing Reflection
Boy/Male
Tamil
Gunjik | கà¯à®¨à¯à®œà¯€à®•
Reflection
Gunjik | கà¯à®¨à¯à®œà¯€à®•
Girl/Female
American, Hindu, Indian
Selection
Boy/Male
Vietnamese
Section.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Reflection
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Adopting; Selecting
Boy/Male
Tamil
Reflection
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Selection choice
Boy/Male
Muslim
Choice, Preference, Selection
Boy/Male
Muslim
Selection, Choice
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Selecting; Adopting
Boy/Male
Hindu
Reflection
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Selection; Choice
Boy/Male
Assamese, Bengali, Indian, Tamil
To Choose; Selection
RESOURCE SELECTION-FUNCTION
RESOURCE SELECTION-FUNCTION
Girl/Female
Muslim
Noble
Boy/Male
Indian, Telugu
Lord Vishnu
Girl/Female
Indian
Voice; Tone
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Jump
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Chinese
Enthusiasm
Boy/Male
Tamil
Chiranjiv | சிரஂஜீவ
Long-lived, Immortal
Boy/Male
American, German, Jamaican
Ruler with Counsel
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Beautiful
Boy/Male
Tamil
Brave
Boy/Male
Afghan, Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Hope; Cleaver; Young; Friend
RESOURCE SELECTION-FUNCTION
RESOURCE SELECTION-FUNCTION
RESOURCE SELECTION-FUNCTION
RESOURCE SELECTION-FUNCTION
RESOURCE SELECTION-FUNCTION
v. i.
To have recourse; to resort.
n.
That which is produced by reflection.
n.
That to which one resorts orr on which one depends for supply or support; means of overcoming a difficulty; resort; expedient.
pl.
of Selectman
n.
A projecting molding round a panel. Same as Bilection.
n.
Pecuniary means; funds; money, or any property that can be converted into supplies; available means or capabilities of any kind.
a.
Selecting; tending to select.
n.
The act of cutting, or separation by cutting; as, the section of bodies.
a.
The act of choosing; choice; selection.
v. t.
To declare against; to reject or decline formally; to refuse to own or acknowledge as belonging to one; to disclaim; as, to renounce a title to land or to a throne.
n.
The act of detecting; the laying open what was concealed or hidden; discovery; as, the detection of a thief; the detection of fraud, forgery, or a plot.
n.
That portion of a group of moldings which projects beyond the general surface of a panel; a bolection.
n.
A lesson or selection, esp. of Scripture, read in divine service.
n.
Election a second time, or anew; as, the reelection of a former chief.
n.
The return of rays, beams, sound, or the like, from a surface. See Angle of reflection, below.
n.
That which is selected; a collection of things chosen; as, a choice selection of books.
n.
An election held by itself, not at the time of a general election.
a.
The act of choosing a person to fill an office, or to membership in a society, as by ballot, uplifted hands, or viva voce; as, the election of a president or a mayor.
n.
The act of selecting, or the state of being selected; choice, by preference.
n.
A part reflected, or turned back, at an angle; as, the reflection of a membrane.