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Problems in reconstructing a historical and philosophical image of Socrates
In historical scholarship, the Socratic problem (also called Socratic question) concerns attempts at reconstructing a historical and philosophical image
Socratic_problem
Ancient Greek philosopher (c. 470–399 BC)
reconstruction of his philosophy nearly impossible, a situation known as the Socratic problem. Socrates was a polarizing figure in Athenian society. In 399 BC, he
Socrates
Type of question to predict knowledge on topic
Socratic questioning (or Socratic maieutics) is an educational method named after Socrates that focuses on discovering answers by asking questions of
Socratic_questioning
Type of cooperative argumentative dialogue
The Socratic method is a form of argumentative dialogue in which an individual probes a conversation partner on a topic, using questions and clarifications
Socratic_method
Genre of literary prose
discussion of moral and philosophical problems between two or more individuals illustrating the application of the Socratic method. The dialogues may be either
Socratic_dialogue
Topics referred to by the same term
questions Socratic paradox (disambiguation) Socratic problem, a problem in reconstructing a historical and philosophical image of Socrates Socratic questioning
Socratic
View in meta-ethics
which a person accrues and improves with dedication to reason. So defined, Socratic intellectualism became a key philosophical doctrine of Stoicism. The Stoics
Moral_intellectualism
Greek philosophers active before and during the time of Socrates
Pre-Socratic philosophy, also known as early Greek philosophy, is ancient Greek philosophy before Socrates. Pre-Socratic philosophers were mostly interested
Pre-Socratic_philosophy
Saying by Greek philosopher Socrates
ISBN 978-0-19-510111-9. "Socrates: 'The unexamined life is not worth living.'". The Socratic Method. Retrieved 2024-10-30. Julian Baggini - Wisdom's folly The Guardian
The unexamined life is not worth living
The_unexamined_life_is_not_worth_living
Famous saying by Socrates
translated by Harold North Fowler, 1966). It is also sometimes called the Socratic paradox, although this name is often instead used to refer to other seemingly
I_know_that_I_know_nothing
399 B.C. legal proceedings by the city of Athens against Socrates
Socrates left no written works; however, his student and friend, Plato, wrote Socratic dialogues, featuring Socrates as the protagonist. As a teacher, competing
Trial_of_Socrates
Ancient Greek philosopher (c. 428-347 BC)
which aims to solve what is now known as the problem of universals. He was influenced by the pre-Socratic thinkers Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Parmenides
Plato
Topics referred to by the same term
Problem of Socrates may refer to: The Socratic problem, how to reconstruct the life of Socrates based on limited historical evidence The Problem of Socrates
Problem_of_Socrates
Name given in ancient literature to an inner voice
Practice, and Value in Socratic Philosophy, Kelowna 2005, pp. 43-62, here: 58-62. Mark Joyal: To Daimonion and the Socratic Problem. In: Pierre Destrée,
Daimonion
Student debating society at Oxford University
The Oxford Socratic Club was a student club that met from 1942 to 1972 dedicated to providing an open forum for the discussion of the intellectual difficulties
Socratic_Club
Literary and rhetorical device or attitude
contrasting Romantic irony with that of Socrates. On Hegel's reading, Socratic irony partially anticipates his own dialectical approach to philosophy
Irony
Person who interferes with the status quo of a society or community
Eponymous concepts Socratic dialogue Socratic intellectualism Socratic irony Socratic method Socratic paradox Socratic problem Socratic questioning Category
Gadfly (philosophy and social science)
Gadfly_(philosophy_and_social_science)
Concept in ancient Greek religion
of Socrates, and Crito; pp. 99–100, M. Joyal, "To Daimonion and the Socratic Problem", Apeiron vol. 38 no. 2, 2005. p. 16, Burnet, Plato's Euthyprho, Apology
Daimon
Pre-Socratic philosophy developed in ancient Greece during the 6th and 5th centuries BC. The pre-Socratic philosophers include those who preceded Socrates
List of pre-Socratic philosophers
List_of_pre-Socratic_philosophers
1985 novel by Eliyahu M. Goldratt
themselves to come up with a solution to their problem. When Alex is with his wife, he finds the Socratic method as a way to fix his marriage, which he
The_Goal_(novel)
Lovers Second Alcibiades Sisyphus Theages Life The Academy in Athens Socratic problem List of speakers in Plato's dialogues Legacy Unwritten doctrines List
Platonism_in_the_Renaissance
American television sitcom (1989–1998)
about Everything and Nothing. Some entries include "The Jerry Problem and the Socratic Problem", "George's Failed Quest for Happiness: An Aristotelian Analysis"
Seinfeld
Lack of self-control
empirical approach that contrasts sharply with Socratic intellectualism. He distanced himself from the Socratic position by distinguishing different mental
Akrasia
2025 book by Agnes Callard
Questions" (chapters 1–4), "The Socratic Method" (chapters 5–7), and "Socratic Answers" (chapters 8–11) Chapter 1: "The Tolstoy Problem" Chapter 2: "Load-Bearing
Open_Socrates
Greek parchment manuscript
Thessaloniki about the year 1270. The manuscript contains 35 letters, known as Socratic Letters, dated to the 2nd or 3rd century, and written by several authors
Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_64
Dialogue by Plato
Meno (/ˈmiːnoʊ/; Ancient Greek: Μένων, romanized: Ménōn) is a Socratic dialogue written by Plato around 385 BC, but set at an earlier date around 402 BC
Meno
Study of writing style
as those adopted for the early and middle dialogues addressing the Socratic problem. Textual features of interest for authorship attribution are on the
Stylometry
Iterative interrogative technique
Eight disciplines problem solving Five Ws (information-gathering) Four causes Issue map Issue tree Root cause analysis Socratic method Why–because analysis
Five_whys
Lovers Second Alcibiades Sisyphus Theages Life The Academy in Athens Socratic problem List of speakers in Plato's dialogues Legacy Unwritten doctrines List
List of manuscripts of Plato's dialogues
List_of_manuscripts_of_Plato's_dialogues
German theologian, philosopher, and biblical scholar (1768–1834)
reference to the principle that every man make his own the entire moral problem and act at the same time in an existing moral society. This condition gives
Friedrich_Schleiermacher
Code debugging method
ducking as a powerful method for solving problems. Computer programming portal Code review Pair programming Socratic method Desk checking Duck test Duck typing
Rubber_duck_debugging
notation to address the confusion in Plato scholarship to address the Socratic problem in these and other papers, to disambiguate Plato's Socrates from the
Victorino_Tejera
Ratio of usable energy from a resource
plants or production plants. The solar breeder overcomes some of these problems. A solar breeder is a photovoltaic panel manufacturing plant which can
Energy_return_on_investment
Standard numbering system for Pre-Socratic philosophers' works
the standard system for referencing the works of the ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosophers, based on the collection of quotations from and reports of
Diels–Kranz_numbering
Literary genre
Socrates, the Socratic dialogue became, in the hands of Plato, Xenophon and others, a freely creative form bound only by the Socratic method of dialogically
Carnivalesque
Philosophical view that consiousness is a ubiquitous feature of reality
process philosophy (see below). Panpsychist views are a staple in pre-Socratic Greek philosophy. According to Aristotle, Thales (c. 624 – 545 BCE), the
Panpsychism
Form of academic instruction
Seminar, a group of 50 biblical criticism scholars and 100 laymen Socratic Method-Problem Method Dichotomy: The Debate Over Teaching Method Continues, CG
Seminar
American philosopher (1942–2024)
"Christopher Bruell: Problem of Teaching Plato Today". The Great Thinkers. Fairbanks, Charles H. (2002). "Review of On the Socratic Education: An Introduction
Christopher_Bruell
Philosophical theory attributed to Plato
meanings. Plato used the terms eidos and idea interchangeably. The pre-Socratic philosophers, ancient Greek thinkers who predated Plato and his mentor
Theory_of_forms
Concept in ethics, religion, and philosophy
of the "good" and discussion preceding them can be found among the pre-Socratic philosophers. In Western civilisation, the basic meanings of κακός and
Good
1997 book by Robert Nozick
Socratic Puzzles is a 1997 collection of essays by the philosopher Robert Nozick. Nozick disclaims the title "political philosopher" and characterizes
Socratic_Puzzles
Socrates Socrates of Achaea Socrates the Younger Socratic dialogue Socratic method Socratic problem Socratic questioning Socus Sokles Sollium Solois Solon
Index of ancient Greece-related articles
Index_of_ancient_Greece-related_articles
Method of identifying the fundamental causes of faults or problems
affected organization, their answer is used to pose a follow-up Socratic questions. Socratic questions keep the investigation flowing down to the next deeper
Root-cause_analysis
Greek philosopher, historian, and soldier (c.430–355/354 BC)
of Socratic dialogues serving as a defence of Socrates outside of court. Apology: Xenophon's defence of Socrates in court. Oeconomicus: Socratic dialogue
Xenophon
or spoke Greek. Ancient Greek philosophy began in Miletus with the pre-Socratic philosopher Thales and lasted through Late Antiquity. Some of the most
List of ancient Greek philosophers
List_of_ancient_Greek_philosophers
Metaphysical question
necessary being bearing the reason for its existence within itself." The pre-Socratic philosopher Parmenides was one of the first Western thinkers to question
Why_is_there_anything_at_all?
American philosopher (1910–1989)
known for his works on philosophy of culture. Socratic ignorance,: An essay on Platonic self-knowledge, Socratic ignorance,: An essay on Platonic self-knowledge
Edward_Goodwin_Ballard
Socratic dialogue by Plato concerning the nature of knowledge
philosophical work as midwifery (Maieutics). This method, later also called Socratic method, consists in eliciting knowledge by a series of questions and answers
Theaetetus_(dialogue)
Hypothesis that reality could be a computer simulation
their ancestors, and so on, creating an infinite regress akin to the "problem of the First Cause". In 2019, philosopher Preston Greene suggested that
Simulation_hypothesis
Greek philosopher (c. late 5th century BC)
conversations to writing, as far as he could remember them. These were the first Socratic dialogues. Indeed, Simon’s excellence in the art of shoemaking would have
Simon_the_Shoemaker
Philosophical study of being
for instance, that the entities in the collection touch one another. The problem of material constitution asks whether or in what sense a whole should be
Ontology
American philosopher and pedagogist (born 1966)
include atheism, critical thinking, pedagogy, scientific skepticism, and the Socratic method. He is the author of A Manual for Creating Atheists, and (with James
Peter_Boghossian
Method of reasoning and philosophical argument
Ancient Greek dialegesthai ('to converse'), was popularized by Plato's Socratic dialogues, which presented dialectic as a discourse between two or more
Dialectic
Concern for the well-being of others
such as the teletransportation paradox to illustrate the philosophical problems with personal identity. Effective altruism is a philosophy and social movement
Altruism
American record label
Say No More * Secret Secret Dino Club Self Against City * † Senses Fail Socratic Something Corporate * The Starting Line Steel Train * The Stellar Life
Drive-Thru_Records
Branch of philosophy
mind–body problem is a paradigmatic issue in philosophy of mind, although a number of other issues are addressed; these include the hard problem of consciousness
Philosophy_of_mind
Pre-Socratic school of philosophy
The Eleatics were a group of pre-Socratic philosophers and school of thought in the 5th century BC centered around the ancient Greek colony of Elea (Ancient
Eleatics
Philosophical view that everything in reality is ultimately one kind of thing
of absolute nondualism. Material monism can be traced back to the pre-Socratic philosophers who sought to understand the arche or basic principle of the
Monism
Ethical problem on the origin of morality posed by Socrates
Ever since Plato's original discussion, this question has presented a problem for some theists, though others have thought it a false dilemma, and it
Euthyphro_dilemma
Ancient Greek philosopher (fl. c. 500 BC)
Ancient Greek: Ἡράκλειτος, romanized: Hērákleitos; fl. c. 500 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from the city of Ephesus, which was then part of the
Heraclitus
Archaic conception of Earth's shape
early Greek cosmological view of a flat Earth persisted among most pre-Socratics (6th–5th century BC). In the early 4th century BC, Plato wrote about a
Flat_Earth
Ancient Socratic school
seen as a fusion of Eleatic and Socratic thought. Thus, the Eleatic idea of "The One" was identified with the Socratic "Form of the Good," and the opposite
Megarian_school
Question that a research project sets out to answer
Erin A.; Mathieson, Olivia L.; Toprani, Dhvani (18 August 2026). "The Socratic Challenger: a structured GenAI-assisted workflow for undergraduate research
Research_question
Post-structuralism – Practical reason – Pragmatism – Praxis School – Presentism – Pre-Socratic philosophy – Probabilism – Process philosophy – Progressivism – Property
List_of_philosophies
1976 book by Imre Lakatos
view of the progress of mathematics. The book is written as a series of Socratic dialogues involving a group of students who discuss proposed proofs of
Proofs_and_Refutations
Conscious event, perception or practical knowledge
theories. In metaphysics, experience is involved in the mind–body problem and the hard problem of consciousness, both of which try to explain the relation between
Experience
Season of television series
and she fully recovers. Final diagnosis: Allergy to Copper IUD 6 6 "The Socratic Method" Peter Medak John Mankiewicz December 21, 2004 (2004-12-21) 6.73
House_season_1
Philosophical study of knowledge
Evans, C. Stephen (2018). A History of Western Philosophy: From the Pre-Socratics to Postmodernism. InterVarsity Press. ISBN 978-0-8308-7369-2. Fei, Duoyi
Epistemology
Type of psychotherapy
pleasure technique Problem solving Socratic questioning: involves the creation of a series of questions to a) clarify and define problems, b) assist in the
Cognitive_therapy
Principles and methods used by teachers to enable student learning
or problems). This is the central teaching method of these universities in both arts and science subjects, and has been compared to the Socratic method
Teaching_method
worse problems" or "not as bad as") – dismissing an argument or complaint due to what are perceived to be more important problems. First World problems are
List_of_fallacies
1986 book on ancient Greek mathematics by Wilbur Knorr
square-doubling from Eratosthenes to Ptolemy III Euergetes, a distinction between Socratic-era sophist Hippias and the Hippias who invented the quadratrix, and a
The Ancient Tradition of Geometric Problems
The_Ancient_Tradition_of_Geometric_Problems
Device to resolve the plot of a dramatic work
delight in life". The deus ex machina as Nietzsche saw it was symptomatic of Socratic culture, which valued knowledge over Dionysiac music and ultimately caused
Deus_ex_machina
Latin for "Who will watch the watchmen?"
putatively perfect society is described by Socrates, the main character in this Socratic dialogue. Socrates proposed a guardian class to protect that society, and
Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?
Quis_custodiet_ipsos_custodes?
American political philosopher (1938–2002)
rather than being carried out to maximize expected utility in the future. Socratic Puzzles (1997) is a collection of Nozick's previous papers alongside some
Robert_Nozick
Philosophy of the Western world
some of his dialogues. These Socratic dialogues display the Socratic method being applied to examine philosophical problems. Socrates's questioning earned
Western_philosophy
Theory and practice of education
facilitate their ability to think about problems and issues. It was first described by Plato in the Socratic Dialogues. Plato (428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347
Pedagogy
Type of psychological therapy
with many mental health disorders. CR employs many strategies, such as Socratic questioning, thought recording, and guided imagery, and is used in many
Cognitive_restructuring
American philosopher and classicist (1928–2023)
that already stands in relation to a form. Kahn's work on Plato and the Socratic Dialogue presents the Platonic dialogues as collectively constituting a
Charles_H._Kahn
Slavery by type
the Socratic dialogue, Meno, which was written by Plato. At the beginning of the dialogue, the slave's master, Meno, fails to benefit from Socratic teaching
House_slave
1963 book by Mikhail Bakhtin
literary realm, beginning with the ancient seriocomic genres, such as Socratic Dialogue and Menippean Satire, and reaching its highest point in the novels
Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics
Problems_of_Dostoevsky's_Poetics
Conversation between two or more people
philosophical or didactic device, it is chiefly associated in the West with the Socratic dialogue as developed by Plato, but antecedents are also found in other
Dialogue
Study of general and fundamental questions
(sophía, 'wisdom'). Some sources say that the term was coined by the pre-Socratic philosopher Pythagoras, but this is not certain. The word entered the English
Philosophy
Theory that life is meaningless
other human being, in as much as all immediate recognizability is pre-Socratic paganism and from the Jewish point of view is idolatry. — Kierkegaard,
Absurdism
Greek philosopher, founder of Cynicism (c.446–c.366 BCE)
foreign mothers, near the temple of Heracles. Filled with enthusiasm for the Socratic idea of virtue, he founded a school of his own in the Cynosarges, where
Antisthenes
General dislike of humanity
philosophers throughout history. One of the earliest cases was the pre-Socratic philosopher Heraclitus. He is often characterized as a solitary person
Misanthropy
Study of fundamental reality
found in the Upanishads in ancient India, Taoism in ancient China, and pre-Socratic philosophy in ancient Greece. During the subsequent medieval period in
Metaphysics
Contemporary movement in practical philosophy
on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 2012-08-23. Duane, Daniel (2004-03-21). "The Socratic Shrink". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-09-09. Contestabile Bruno &
Philosophical_counseling
Theory of life arising from non-living matter
Biological Experiment, Clinical Observation, and Comparative Anatomy to the Problems of Generation". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
Spontaneous_generation
Concept in classical philosophy
also influenced by Eleatic, Pythagorean and other pre-Socratic ideas, as well as the Socratics themselves. Xenophon, the less famous of the two students
Nous
Philosophical discourse surrounding "The One"
Henology (from Ancient Greek ἕν (hen) 'one') stems from the pre-Socratic philosophical search for an arche or First principle, or the reduction of the
Henology
Ancient Greek philosopher (c. 570 – c. 478 BC)
Κολοφώνιος [ksenopʰánɛːs ho kolopʰɔ̌ːnios]; c. 570 – c. 478 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, poet, and critic of Homer. He was born in Ionia and
Xenophanes
Epistemological view centered on reason
pre-modern understanding of reason, rationalism is identical to philosophy, the Socratic life of inquiry, or the zetetic (skeptical) clear interpretation of authority
Rationalism
Philosophical question
the logical problem of evil as formulated by the philosopher J. L. Mackie beginning in 1955. Mackie's formulation of the logical problem of evil argued
Existence_of_God
Philosophical work by Plato around 375 BC
(Ancient Greek: Πολιτεία, romanized: Politeia; Latin: De Republica) is a Socratic dialogue authored by Plato around 375 BC, concerning justice (dikaiosúnē)
Republic_(Plato)
Set of ancient Greek and Hellenistic religious beliefs
Dionysus and a re-ordering of Hesiod's Theogony, based in part on pre-Socratic philosophy. The suffering and death of the god Dionysus at the hands of
Orphism
Basic distinction in philosophy
subjectivity and objectivity with a gray area in-between, or that the problem of other minds is best viewed through the concept of intersubjectivity
Subjectivity and objectivity (philosophy)
Subjectivity_and_objectivity_(philosophy)
Greek philosopher (c. 460–c. 370 BC)
dih-MOK-rih-təs; Greek: Δημόκριτος, Dēmókritos; c. 460 – c. 370 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Abdera, primarily remembered today for his formulation
Democritus
Ancient Greek philosopher (c. 626 – c. 545 BC)
THAY-leez; Ancient Greek: Θαλῆς; c. 626/623 – c. 548/545 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Miletus in Ionia, Asia Minor. Thales was one of
Thales_of_Miletus
Educational style
asking more questions. In this way it is similar in some respects to the Socratic method. The method was advocated by Neil Postman and Charles Weingartner
Inquiry_education
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