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See searches and references containing SURFACE STRUCTURE!SURFACE STRUCTURE
Architecture of early generative grammar
Deep structure and surface structure (also D-structure and S-structure although those abbreviated forms are sometimes used with distinct meanings) are
Deep structure and surface structure
Deep_structure_and_surface_structure
Topics referred to by the same term
Surface structure may refer to: Surface finish of physical objects Surface roughness of physical objects Deep structure and surface structure in transformational
Surface_structure
One-dimensional complex manifold
Every Riemann surface is a surface: a two-dimensional real manifold, but it contains more structure (specifically a complex structure). Conversely, a
Riemann_surface
Measure of surface finish or texture
perception of the surface texture. From a mathematical perspective it is related to the spatial variability structure of surfaces, and inherently it
Surface_roughness
Geologic feature
Salt surface structures are extensions of salt tectonics that form at the Earth's surface when either diapirs or salt sheets pierce through the overlying
Salt_surface_structures
Real-valued number of spatial dimensions
interpret the structure of nominally flat surfaces, which often exhibit self-affine features across multiple length-scales. Mean surface roughness, usually
Fractal_dimension
Outermost layer of a physical object
internal structures, but the object is still recognized as an automobile because the surface identifies it as one. Conceptually, the "surface" of an object
Surface
Effect in surface physics
Surface reconstruction refers to the process by which atoms at the surface of a crystal assume a different structure than that of the bulk. Surface reconstructions
Surface_reconstruction
Earliest model of generative grammar
deep structure and a surface structure. The deep structure represents a sentence's core semantic relations and is mapped onto the surface structure, which
Transformational_grammar
Surface that locally minimizes its area
below). The term "minimal surface" is used because these surfaces originally arose as surfaces that minimized total surface area subject to some constraint
Minimal_surface
Arrangement of interrelated elements in an object/system, or the object/system itself
one-dimensional (bending) structures. Other types are Vector-active structures such as trusses, surface-active structures such as shells and folded plates
Structure
Two-dimensional manifold
holomorphic maps to and from the surface—in which case the surface is called a Riemann surface), or an algebraic structure (making it possible to detect
Surface_(topology)
Quantum interpretation of neuroscience
a surface structure of separated and localized neural circuits and a deep structure of the dendritic arborization that binds the surface structure together
Holonomic_brain_theory
Reproductive structure in flowering plants
produced by structural coloration, in which colour is produced by tiny surface structures interfering with waves of light. This includes iridescence (as in
Flower
ESA/JAXA mission to study Mercury in orbit (2018–present)
characterization of its magnetic field, magnetosphere, and both interior and surface structure. In 2017 the spacecraft's cost was estimated at €1.65 billion (US$1
BepiColombo
Manifold with Riemannian, complex and symplectic structure
manifold with three mutually compatible structures: a complex structure, a Riemannian structure, and a symplectic structure. The concept was first studied by
Kähler_manifold
External body part or natural prolongation
Altiarchaeum. Other various types of surface structure include pili, archaella (archaeal flagella), structures called bindisomes that bind sugars, and
Appendage
Lectures series on music and theory given by Leonard Bernstein
transformation from deep structure to surface structure. Deep structure comprises underlying phonemes and word parts, while surface structure is the spoken sentence
The Unanswered Question (lecture series)
The_Unanswered_Question_(lecture_series)
Interior of the earth
internal structure of Earth is based on observations of topography and bathymetry, observations of rock in outcrop, samples brought to the surface from greater
Internal_structure_of_Earth
Surface Sensitive equivalent
Surface-extended X-ray absorption fine structure (SEXAFS) is the surface-sensitive equivalent of the EXAFS technique. This technique involves the illumination
Surface-extended X-ray absorption fine structure
Surface-extended_X-ray_absorption_fine_structure
crystalline surfaces results in additional structure along so-called truncation rods (linear regions in momentum space normal to the surface). Crystal Truncation
X-ray_crystal_truncation_rod
1966 book by Noam Chomsky
needed] Deep structures vary less between languages than surface structures. For instance, the transformational operations yielding surface forms of Latin
Cartesian_Linguistics
Technique for determining surface structures
electron diffraction (LEED) is a technique for the determination of the surface structure of single-crystalline materials by bombardment with a collimated beam
Low-energy electron diffraction
Low-energy_electron_diffraction
20th-century dispute among American linguists
of deep structure. This refers to the distance between deep structures and the surface structure. Generative semantics views deep structure and transformations
Linguistics_wars
Topics referred to by the same term
algorithm Polyhedral surface Surface area Surface integral Surface (band), an American R&B and pop trio Surface (Surface album), 1986 Surfaces (band), American
Surface_(disambiguation)
Thin-walled structural element
ISBN 978-0-8493-1569-5. Bechthold, Martin (2008-03-20). Innovative Surface Structures: Technologies and Applications (1 ed.). Abingdon: Taylor & Francis
Shell_(structure)
Geologic structure formed from impact on a planetary surface
impact structure is a generally circular or craterlike geologic structure of deformed bedrock or sediment produced by impact on a planetary surface, whatever
Impact_structure
Agent which kills bacteria
antibiotics. However, material surfaces can also have bactericidal properties based solely on their physical surface structure, as for example biomaterials
Bactericide
Concrete breakwater element
erosion caused by weather and longshore drift, primarily to enforce coastal structures such as seawalls and breakwaters. Tetrapods are made of concrete, and
Tetrapod_(structure)
Electronic states at the surface of materials
band structure from the bulk material to the vacuum. In the weakened potential at the surface, new electronic states can be formed, so called surface states
Surface_states
Research tradition in linguistics
interpretation of a sentence was represented by its deep structure, while the surface structure provided its pronunciation. For example, an active clause
Generative_grammar
Imitation of biological systems for the solving of human problems
and surfaces result from a complex interplay between surface structure and morphology and physical and chemical properties. Many materials, surfaces, and
Biomimetics
Circular geological feature in the Sahara desert
the structure by Matton, et al. (2005, 2008) concluded it was not an impact structure. Further analysis of deep structure underneath the surface, including
Richat_Structure
Elementary constituent segment within a text
semiotics, "syntagmatic analysis" is analysis of syntax or surface structure (syntagmatic structure), rather than paradigms as in paradigmatic analysis. Analysis
Syntagma_(linguistics)
Electrical circuit component
electrical current with a certain contact resistance, dependent on surface structure, surface chemistry and contact time; when the pair is separated by an insulating
Electrical_contact
Theory that describes how students receive, process, and retain knowledge during learning
occur often involves surface structure and deep structure. The surface structure is the way a problem is framed. The deep structure is the steps for the
Learning_theory_(education)
Study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases
particles on a single crystal surface. Relationships between the composition, structure, and chemical behavior of these surfaces are studied using ultra-high
Surface_science
Change of surface energy with strain
Surface stress was first defined by Josiah Willard Gibbs (1839–1903) as the amount of the reversible work per unit area needed to elastically stretch
Surface_stress
Topics referred to by the same term
structuralism Deep structure and surface structure, concepts in linguistics, specifically the study of syntax in the Chomskyan tradition Social structure, a pattern
Structure_(disambiguation)
Geologic structures formed during sediment deposition
Sedimentary structures include all kinds of features in sediments and sedimentary rocks, formed at the time of deposition. Sediments and sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary_structures
Type of smooth complex surface of kodaira dimension 0
are essentially unclassifiable). K3 surfaces can be considered the simplest algebraic varieties whose structure does not reduce to curves or abelian
K3_surface
Swiss linguist and philosopher (1857–1913)
paired first with surface structures; and this relation was already not as simple as sign theories had at first implied. Surface structures were in turn paired
Ferdinand_de_Saussure
Variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) is a ~60kDa protein which densely packs the cell surface of protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma
Variant_surface_glycoprotein
Form of linguistic discontinuity
in the deep structure of a sentence but can move leftward from that position to the front of the sentence/clause in the surface structure. Although other
Wh-movement
Porous form of silicon dioxide
microscopic structure is ignored, as in silica gel packs or other products. However, material silica gel removes moisture by adsorption onto the surface of its
Silica_gel
Diffraction using small incidence angles
high energy diffract at small angles from a surface. RHEED is used to interrogate surface structure. Surface X-ray diffraction (SXRD), which is similar
Grazing_incidence_diffraction
Offset at ground-level after earthquakes
Earth's surface. Surface rupture is opposed by buried rupture, where there is no displacement at ground level. This is a major risk to any structure that
Surface_rupture
Study of the external features of the body of an animal
the surface landmarks which correspond to deeper structures hidden from view, both in static pose and in motion. In addition, the science of surface anatomy
Surface_anatomy
Major stage of a crystallization process
Dresden (1939) Burton, W. K.; Cabrera, N. (1949). "Crystal growth and surface structure. Part I". Discussions of the Faraday Society. 5: 33. doi:10.1039/DF9490500033
Crystal_growth
Tool used in surface science
plays an important role in the investigation of surface structure, catalysis, dispersion of surface phonons and the monitoring of epitaxial growth. In
High resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy
High_resolution_electron_energy_loss_spectroscopy
Third planet from the Sun
rides. Important changes in crystal structure within the mantle occur at 410 and 660 km (250 and 410 mi) below the surface, spanning a transition zone that
Earth
Mathematical foam of equal-volume bubbles
Phelan found that this structure was a better solution of the Kelvin problem of tiling space by equal volume cells of minimum surface area than the previous
Weaire–Phelan_structure
Class of materials
hierarchical groove structure. The regular roughness of the structure creates a hydrophilic structure, a thin layer of water trapped on the surface, that doesn't
Self-cleaning_surfaces
Type of electron microscope
characteristic three-dimensional appearance useful for understanding the surface structure of a sample. This is exemplified by the micrograph of pollen shown
Scanning_electron_microscope
Diffraction of He from surfaces
scattering (HAS) is a surface analysis technique used in materials science. It provides information about the surface structure and lattice dynamics of
Helium_atom_scattering
Family of insects
maxillae), wing venation, and body patterning; minute variations of surface structure cause subtle alterations of the overlying hairs, which alters the
Tabanidae
dioxide. Transition metal oxides have a wide variety of surface structures which affect the surface energy of these compounds and influence their chemical
Surface properties of transition metal oxides
Surface_properties_of_transition_metal_oxides
Mathematics of smooth surfaces
of surfaces deals with the differential geometry of smooth surfaces with various additional structures, most often, a Riemannian metric. Surfaces have
Differential geometry of surfaces
Differential_geometry_of_surfaces
Biological membrane that separates the interior of a cell from its outside environment
conductivity, and cell signaling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall and the carbohydrate cell coat
Cell_membrane
Type of lithium-ion cell
spinel-structured cathode may induce partial spinel-to-layered transformation on the surface region. The distortion of the surface structure can be extended
Lithium ion manganese oxide battery
Lithium_ion_manganese_oxide_battery
Suspension of gold nanoparticles in a liquid
ligands can be electrochemically etched off. The precise structure of the ligands on the surface of colloidal gold NPs impact the properties of the colloidal
Colloidal_gold
American academic (born 1954)
doi:10.1038/303316a0. S2CID 4333265. Marks, L. D. (July 1984). "Surface structure and energetics of multiply twinned particles". Philosophical Magazine
Laurence_D._Marks
Submanifold of Lorentzian manifold
(location 2) by (time 2) defines the notion of a causal structure. A Cauchy surface for this causal structure is a collection of pairs of locations and times
Cauchy_surface
Form of wear caused by adhesion between sliding surfaces
tearing of crystal structure beneath the surface. This will generally leave some material stuck or even friction welded to the adjacent surface, whereas the
Galling
Archaeological site in Zambia
The Kalambo structure is a Lower Palaeolithic wooden structure, of which two pieces have been uncovered along with other wooden tools. Discovered at the
Kalambo_structure
Process of forming and bonding material by heat or pressure
catalysts. It decreases the surface area of the catalyst and changes the surface structure. For a porous catalytic surface, the pores may collapse due
Sintering
Surface area of a biomolecule accessible to a solvent
The accessible surface area (ASA) or solvent-accessible surface area (SASA) is the surface area of a biomolecule that is accessible to a solvent. Measurement
Accessible_surface_area
Dianalytic manifold of complex dimension 1
inequivalent Klein surfaces structures defined on the Klein bottle. Similarly, there is a one-parameter family of inequivalent Klein surface structures (compact
Klein_surface
Catalyst surface active in redox reactions
the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) is the portion of a catalyst's surface that actively partakes in redox reactions.The surface area of a catalyst
Electrochemical_surface_area
Third stomach compartment in ruminants
Yamamoto, Y. & Kitamura, N. (1994). "Morphological study of the surface structure of the omasal laminae in cattle, sheep and goats". Anatomia, Histologia
Omasum
Electrical resistance attributed to contacting interfaces
variation at an interface relate primarily to surface structure and applied load (Contact mechanics). Surfaces of metallic contacts generally exhibit an external
Contact_resistance
Mathematical concept
In mathematics, an elliptic surface is a surface that has an elliptic fibration, in other words a proper morphism with connected fibers to an algebraic
Elliptic_surface
Standard terms for unambiguous description of relative placement of body parts
situated nearer to the body's surface, such as a peripheral nerve. These terms refer to the distance of a structure from the surface. Deep (from Old English)
Anatomical_terms_of_location
Distinction between phrases that have a primary word ("head") and that don't
sentences exhibit exceptionally flat surface structure. If a non-derivational approach is taken to syntactic structure, this can best be formalised with
Endocentric_and_exocentric
Way to visualize and design structures
commercial modernization. CAAD has two types of structures in its program. The first system is surface structure which provides a graphics medium to represent
Computer-aided architectural design
Computer-aided_architectural_design
Bending of electron beams due to electrostatic interactions with matter
crystal surfaces". Surface Science. 11 (3): 479–491. doi:10.1016/0039-6028(68)90058-7. Moritz, Wolfgang; Van Hove, Michel (2022). Surface structure determination
Electron_diffraction
Abstract boundary in condensed matter physics
Fermi surface. Materials with complex crystal structures can have quite intricate Fermi surfaces. Figure 2 illustrates the anisotropic Fermi surface of graphite
Fermi_surface
Σ {\displaystyle S\setminus \Sigma } the structure of a Riemann surface, which extends to the entire surface S {\displaystyle S} by Riemann's theorem
Translation_surface
Shifting sentence forms with two-object verbs
in the deep structure is raised in the surface structure (S-structure) (see Figure 1). The correct ordering of the oblique dative surfaces through head
Dative_shift
Type of ion-surface binding
a metal ion. Surface structures are able to reduce and oxidize ligands, whereas transport phenomena do not. Therefore, surface structure serves an important
Inner_sphere_complex
German physicist
x-ray absorption fine structure (SEXAFS) technique as a tool for exploring surface structures, especially atoms bonded to surfaces. He also developed the
Joachim_Stöhr
Type of unbounded quadratic surface-shaped building or work
Hyperbolic structures have a negative Gaussian curvature, meaning they curve inward rather than curving outward or being straight. As doubly ruled surfaces, they
Hyperboloid_structure
Experimental technique in cell biology
characterization of hydrophilic (or hydrophobic) surfaces in terms of surface structure and free energy. Similar, though less well known, techniques have
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
Fluorescence_recovery_after_photobleaching
Class of two-dimensional inorganic compounds
electronic band structure of Ti3C2Tx contains electron pockets, bulk band gaps, and a Dirac-like feature. Only MXenes without surface terminations are
MXenes
Parametrizes complex structures on a surface
(real) topological (or differential) surface S {\displaystyle S} is a space that parametrizes complex structures on S {\displaystyle S} up to the action
Teichmüller_space
Natural animal fiber
only the various silks and byssus have a smaller fiber diameter. The surface structure of the fiber has scales as in sheep wool. The scale spacing is between
Vicuña_wool
Phenomenon of surface adhesion
adsorbates are simply sitting on the surface, the adsorbates can change the surface, along with its structure. The structure can go through relaxation, where
Chemisorption
Study of material structure and properties
category of characterization techniques which probe and map the surface and sub-surface structure of a material. These techniques can use photons, electrons
Characterization (materials science)
Characterization_(materials_science)
Force resisting sliding motion
Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding or grinding against each other. Types
Friction
Ordered arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline material
crystallography, crystal structure is a description of the ordered arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline material. Ordered structures occur from
Crystal_structure
Structure whose members are only in tension
is a double ruled surface and is often used in both in lightweight shell structures (see hyperboloid structures). True ruled surfaces are rarely found
Tensile_structure
Road covered with durable surface material
A road surface (British English) or pavement (North American English) is the durable surface material laid down on an area intended to sustain vehicular
Road_surface
Process
layers on surfaces and the underlying mechanisms that control monolayer organization and structure. Although silanization of silicate surfaces was introduced
Silanization of silicon and mica
Silanization_of_silicon_and_mica
Pseudo-scientific intellectual framework
Metaphor presents a surface structure of meaning in the actual words of the story, which activates an associated deep structure of meaning that is indirectly
Covert_hypnosis
Measurement of small-scale features on surfaces
variation, structured light, electrical capacitance, electron microscopy, photogrammetry and non-contact profilometers. The earliest ways of surface measurement
Surface_metrology
Phenomenon in crystallization
doi:10.1080/01418618408233432. ISSN 0141-8610. Marks, L. D. (1984). "Surface structure and energetics of multiply twinned particles". Philosophical Magazine
Crystal_twinning
Football by Adidas
new surface structure allows players to control and direct it perfectly in all weather conditions." It also pointed out that the ball's new surface texture
Adidas_Europass
Molecular property
with small periodic post structures. The surface with the posts is placed face down on a smooth surface, such that the surface area in between each post
Adhesion
Philosophical method
pursues the connections that link the surface structures of an incomprehensible [symbolic] formation with surface structures, of other, familiar formations.
Rational_reconstruction
Optical component which splits light into several beams
material behaves as if it were birefringent. Surface-relief (SR) gratings are named due to its surface structure of depressions (low relief) and elevations
Diffraction_grating
SURFACE STRUCTURE
SURFACE STRUCTURE
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish Gaelic
Surname.
Surname or Lastname
Probably an Americanized spelling of the Swiss German surname Bunz (see Bunce).English
Probably an Americanized spelling of the Swiss German surname Bunz (see Bunce).English : possibly a variant of Bunt.
Boy/Male
Irish American Welsh Scandinavian Scottish English
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Indian
Part of Sun
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish American Welsh
Surname.
Surname or Lastname
English (Cumbria and Durham)
English (Cumbria and Durham) : variant spelling of Furness.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Surface of the Earth
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Scottish American English
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish American English
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish Gaelic
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish American Biblical Hebrew
Surname.
SURFACE STRUCTURE
SURFACE STRUCTURE
Girl/Female
Muslim
Night. Born at night. Sweetheart.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Sacred river, Good smell
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Agreed
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess of learning, Saraswati
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Auspicious; Beloved
Boy/Male
British, Christian, English
Dark Water; In the Seventeenth Century; Diminutive of Douglas
Boy/Male
Indian
One Musical Instrument
Boy/Male
British, English
Spear
Male
Hebrew
(גֵּרְש×ׄ×) Hebrew name GERESHOM means "exile, expulsion." In the bible, this is the name of several characters, including a son of Moses.
Boy/Male
Biblical
Hearing, obedient.
SURFACE STRUCTURE
SURFACE STRUCTURE
SURFACE STRUCTURE
SURFACE STRUCTURE
SURFACE STRUCTURE
v. t.
To name or call by an appellation added to the original name; to give a surname to.
n.
A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical surface.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Surface
n.
To throw out, or exhale, as from a furnace; also, to put into a furnace.
n.
That part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion.
n.
A form of machine for dressing the surface of wood, metal, stone, etc.
n.
An instrument for gauging or testing a plane surface. See Surface gauge, under Surface.
n.
Hence, outward or external appearance.
n.
The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body.
n.
Alt. of Serfdom
imp. & p. p.
of Surface
v. t.
To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain.
n.
Surface; body; substance.
n.
Surface; superficies; externality.
n.
An inclosed place in which heat is produced by the combustion of fuel, as for reducing ores or melting metals, for warming a house, for baking pottery, etc.; as, an iron furnace; a hot-air furnace; a glass furnace; a boiler furnace, etc.
a.
meeting a curve or surface at a point and having at that point the same direction as the curve or surface; -- said of a straight line, curve, or surface; as, a line tangent to a curve; a curve tangent to a surface; tangent surfaces.
a.
Having the surface smooth and polished; -- said of leaves, the surfaces of shells, etc.
v. t.
To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for gold.