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Sixth and last age of the Miocene Epoch, about 7 to 5 million years ago
The Messinian is in the geologic timescale the last age or uppermost stage of the Miocene. It spans the time between 7.246 ± 0.005 Ma and 5.333 ± 0.005
Messinian
Drying-up of the Mediterranean Sea 5.96–5.33 million years ago
The Messinian salinity crisis (also referred to as the Messinian event, and in its latest stage as the Lago Mare event) was an event in which the Mediterranean
Messinian_salinity_crisis
Geologic formation in Sicily, Italy
The Messinian evaporite deposit is a geological deposit of evaporites which was found on Sicily and named after the city of Messina. It was later found
Messinian_evaporite
Theoretical refilling of the Mediterranean Sea between the Miocene and Pliocene Epochs
the Mediterranean Sea 5.33 million years ago. This flooding ended the Messinian salinity crisis and reconnected the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic
Zanclean_flood
Sea between Africa, Asia, and Europe
completely desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years during the Messinian salinity crisis before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3
Mediterranean_Sea
First epoch of the Neogene Period
Sea to almost completely evaporate. This event is referred to as the "Messinian salinity crisis". Then, at the Miocene–Pliocene boundary, the Strait of
Miocene
The Messinian Erosional Crisis is a phase in the Messinian evolution of the central Mediterranean basin resulting from major drawdown of the Mediterranean
Messinian_erosional_crisis
Second epoch of the Neogene Period
was marked by an increase in global temperatures relative to the cooler Messinian. This increase was related to the 1.2 million year obliquity amplitude
Pliocene
Region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that have a Mediterranean climate
several (debated) episodes of sea drawdown and re-flooding known as the Messinian Salinity Crisis, which ended when the Atlantic last re-flooded the basin
Mediterranean_basin
Earliest age on the geologic time scale of the Pliocene era
005 Ma (million years ago) and 3.6 ± 0.005 Ma. It is preceded by the Messinian Age of the Miocene Epoch, and followed by the Piacenzian Age. The Zanclean
Zanclean
Second geologic period in the Cenozoic Era
preceded by Zanclean Age The Miocene Epoch is subdivided into six ages: Messinian Age, preceded by Tortonian Age Serravallian Age Langhian Age Burdigalian
Neogene
Oldest age in the Miocene
Aquitanian Burdigalian Langhian Serravallian Tortonian Messinian Zanclean Piacenzian Gelasian ← Messinian salinity crisis ← North American prairie expands
Aquitanian_age
Sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch
sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch made up of two stages: the Tortonian and Messinian. It lasted from 11.63 Ma (million years ago) to 5.333 Ma. The gibbons
Late_Miocene
Geologic age of the late Miocene
(million years ago). It follows the Serravallian and is followed by the Messinian. The Tortonian roughly overlaps with the regional Pannonian Stage of the
Tortonian
The term Messenian Suburban Railway (or Kalamata Suburban Railway) may refer either to the seasonal local railway services that operated between Kalamata
Messinian_Suburban_Railway
Landmass consisting of Africa, Asia, and Europe
the Messinian, fusing northwest Africa and Iberia together. This led to the nearly complete desiccation of the Mediterranean Basin, the Messinian salinity
Afro-Eurasia
Age or a stage in the middle Miocene Epoch
Aquitanian Burdigalian Langhian Serravallian Tortonian Messinian Zanclean Piacenzian Gelasian ← Messinian salinity crisis ← North American prairie expands
Serravallian
Species of fish
the extant L. amia are known from the late Miocene (Messinian) of Italy, in the midst of the Messinian Salinity Crisis. This suggests that the extant L.
Leerfish
Structural dome formed of salt or halite
and conjugate Angola/Gabon margins forming many salt domes. During the Messinian salinity crisis (Late Miocene), thick salt layers were formed as the Mediterranean
Salt_dome
Popular uprising in 1834
του 1834" [The Messinian Uprising of 1834]. Trifiliaki Estia (in Greek). Bitsanis, Ilias. "Η Μεσσηνιακή Επανάσταση του 1834" [The Messinian Uprising of 1834]
Messinian_Uprising_of_1834
Geologic formation in Spain
The basin is filled with turbidites and evaporites of the Tortonian-Messinian ages of the Miocene Epoch. It is a matter of some debate whether the basin
Sorbas_Basin
dry bed of the Mediterranean Sea of the late Miocene period during the Messinian salinity crisis. Extreme points of Earth List of countries by lowest point
List of places on land with elevations below sea level
List_of_places_on_land_with_elevations_below_sea_level
Extinct genus of pliopithecid primate
monotypic genus of crouzeliine primate that lived in China during the Messinian stage of the Miocene epoch. The shearing crests on the molars of this
Laccopithecus
Age in the early Miocene
Aquitanian Burdigalian Langhian Serravallian Tortonian Messinian Zanclean Piacenzian Gelasian ← Messinian salinity crisis ← North American prairie expands
Burdigalian
Extinct species of killer whale
p. 771. Pilleri, G. (1988). "Pre-Messinian and Post-Messinian Cetacea in the Mediterranean Tethys and the Messinian Salinity Crisis". Contributions to
Orcinus_citoniensis
Third age of the Miocene epoch
Aquitanian Burdigalian Langhian Serravallian Tortonian Messinian Zanclean Piacenzian Gelasian ← Messinian salinity crisis ← North American prairie expands
Langhian
Species of fish
paleoenvironments: the case of the teleostean fish localities of the preevaporitic Messinian from Oran and the Chelif basin (Algeria)]. Geodiversitas (in French).
John_Dory
Latest age of the Pliocene
Aquitanian Burdigalian Langhian Serravallian Tortonian Messinian Zanclean Piacenzian Gelasian ← Messinian salinity crisis ← North American prairie expands
Piacenzian
Multisports club in Greece
Gymnastikos Syllogos (Greek: Μεσσηνιακός Γυμναστικός Σύλλογος, lit. 'Messinian Gymnastic Club') is the oldest football club in Greece with Panagiotis
Messiniakos
Common name for several species of the falcon genus, Falco
have diverged from other Falco around the Miocene–Pliocene boundary (Messinian to Zanclean, or about 7–3.5 mya). Three species from Africa and its surroundings
Kestrel
High-magnitude, low-frequency catastrophic flood involving the sudden release of water
million years ago, at the beginning of the Zanclean age that ended the Messinian salinity crisis. The flood occurred when Atlantic waters found their way
Outburst_flood
2012 studio album by Datsik
Mushroom and Z-Trip and co-written by Snak the Ripper, Jonathan Davis and Messinian. • (co.) designates co-producer "Vitamin D by Datsik on iTunes". iTunes
Vitamin_D_(album)
precedes the Ruscinian age and follows the Vallesian age. The Turolian overlaps the Tortonian and Messinian ages. References Paleo Database: Turolian v t e
Turolian
Extinct species of fish
similar to the modern-day lookdown, Selene vomer, that lived during the Messinian subepoch of what is now Sicily. Paleontology portal Fish portal Prehistoric
Pseudovomer
Genus of fishes
30 (1): 141–163. Gaudant, Jean; Cavallo, Oreste (2008). "The Tortonian-Messinian fish faunas of Piedmont (Italy) and the Adriatic trough: a synthesis dedicated
Microchirus
Geologic formation of Givetian age
Mediterranean Sea that occurred during late Miocene time. That event, called the Messinian salinity crisis, resulted in the deposition of sequences of evaporite
Prairie_Evaporite_Formation
Extinct genus of giant rabbit
bodymass. Nuralagus rex likely entered what is now Menorca during the Messinian Salinity Crisis around 5.96 to 5.3 million years ago. During this event
Nuralagus
Extinct genus of carnivores
Werdelinus Temporal range: Late Miocene to Pliocene (Messinian to Zanclean) Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia
Werdelinus
Period of geologic time (3.5–1.0 Ma)
Miocene Plio Aquitanian Burdigalian Langhian Serravallian Tortonian Messinian Zanclean Piacenzian Gelasian Pleistocene Agenian Orleanian Astaracian
Villafranchian
Geologic formation in Mexico
Almejas Formation Stratigraphic range: Messinian-Zanclean ~7.2–3.6 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Type Formation Lithology Primary Sandstone Other Conglomerate
Almejas_Formation
Eurasian sea northeast of the Mediterranean
southern Crimean Peninsula and Balkanides mountain ranges. During the Messinian salinity crisis in the neighboring Mediterranean Sea, water levels fell
Black_Sea
Fourth and current eon of the geological timescale
Mediterranean Sea dried up for hundreds of thousands of years in the Messinian salinity crisis. Along with these major geological events, Africa saw
Phanerozoic
Species of coral
Staghorn coral Temporal range: Messinian - recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Conservation status Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification
Staghorn_coral
Extinct genus of musteline mustelid
genus of mustelid carnivoran that lived in what is now Spain during the Messinian stage of the Miocene epoch. Its original generic name, Galanthis, refers
Galanthisictis
Extinct species of bird
Pelecanus paranensis Temporal range: Late Miocene (Tortonian-Messinian) Paleoart of Pelecanus paranensis Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum:
Pelecanus_paranensis
Regional unit in Greece
Off the south coast of the southwesternmost point of Messenia lie the Messinian Oinousses islands. The largest of these are Sapientza, Schiza and Venetiko
Messenia
Miocene Plio Aquitanian Burdigalian Langhian Serravallian Tortonian Messinian Zanclean Piacenzian Gelasian Pleistocene Agenian Orleanian Astaracian
Mammal_Neogene_zones
Extinct genus of mammals
European mainland after the evaporation of the Mediterranean Sea during the Messinian Salinity Crisis at the end of the Miocene epoch (around 5.96-5.33 million
Myotragus
Subdivision of the Pleistocene Epoch
age and global drying possibly colder and drier than the late Miocene (Messinian) through early Pliocene (Zanclean) cold period. Originally the Calabrian
Calabrian_stage
Ancient endorheic lake in Egypt
(el-Fayyūm) (and by extension the romanized Faiyum) is derived. During the Messinian Salinity Crisis of the late Miocene, the Nile flowed past the empty Faiyum
Lake_Moeris
American DJ and producer
MC's Dub2, Messinian, Armanni Reign, Sharpness, and Illy Emcee. The club night resumed in late 2009 with performers Mason, Sine, Messinian, and Sharpness
Dieselboy
Extinct genus of birds
Vinchinavis is an extinct genus of eagle that lived during the Messinian stage of the Miocene epoch. Vinchinavis paka fossils are known from the Toro
Vinchinavis
Narrow inlet on the Mediterranean coast
valleys, which were flooded to form calanques, might date back to the Messinian salinity crisis between 5.96 and 5.32 million years ago. During this period
Calanque
Topics referred to by the same term
(Pontian age), the uppermost Miocene Paratethys stage, coeval with the Messinian Ponciano (disambiguation) Pons (disambiguation) Pontian Selatan (federal
Pontian
Mediterranean undersea geological feature
some locations exceeding 3 km in thickness. This period, known as the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC), lasted around 640,000 years until a catastrophic
Malta_Escarpment
Extinct genus of saber-toothed cat from North America, Eurasia and Africa
Megantereon is an extinct genus of prehistoric machairodontine saber-toothed cat that lived in Eurasia, Africa and possibly North America from the late
Megantereon
Genus of fishes
lorenzoi Carnevale, Sorbini & Landini, 2003 from the latest Miocene (Messinian) of Italy, suggesting that this genus naturally ranged as far north as
Oreochromis
Species of bird
divergence is tentatively placed to around the Miocene-Pliocene boundary (Messinian to Zanclean, or about 7–3.5 mya). The morphological similarity with the
Lesser_kestrel
Sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch
younger Neogene Pliocene Piacenzian 2.58 3.600 Zanclean 3.600 5.333 Miocene Messinian 5.333 7.246 Tortonian 7.246 11.63 Serravallian 11.63 13.82 Langhian 13
Early_Miocene
Mountain range in Italy
Basin and Volturno Basin as graben. This landform began to appear in the Messinian stage of the Miocene, about 7.2 to 5.3 million years ago. It went on to
Aurunci_Mountains
Strait connecting the Atlantic to the Mediterranean
within the gypsum and salt deposition range, during what is known as the Messinian salinity crisis. In this water chemistry environment, dissolved mineral
Strait_of_Gibraltar
Genus of fishes
species are known: †Gonostoma albyi (Sauvage, 1873) - latest Miocene (Messinian) of Algeria. †Gonostoma dracula Grădianu et al., 2017 - Oligocene of Romania
Gonostoma
Pliocene Lagerstätte in Southern Florida
Tamiami Formation s.l. began deposition within the final years of the Messinian in Murdock Subsea of the Okeechobean Sea. This subsea was dominated by
Tamiami_Formation
Municipality in Greece
latter a butcher, helped make Oichalia the destination of choice for Messinians in need of footwear and quality meats. The municipality Oichalia was formed
Oichalia,_Messenia
Railway station in Greece
Athens from Kalamata. As of 2026, there are active attempts to create the Messinian Suburban Railway. The station was opened in 1892 as part of Piraeus, Athens
Kalamata_railway_station
Extinct genus of mammals
large mammals species found in the Almenara site, deposited during the Messinian salinity crisis, together with Macaca sp., Bovidae indet., cf. Nyctereutes
Pliohyrax
Genus of mammals (cats)
Felis is a genus of small and medium-sized cat species native to most of Africa and south of 60° latitude in Europe and Asia to Indochina. The genus includes
Felis
Genus of birds
originated as a distinct lineage during the Late Miocene. During the Messinian, the ancestral Crax split into two lineages separated by the Colombian
Crax
Extinct genus of even-toed ungulates
Synthetoceras is an extinct genus of large protoceratid that was endemic to North America during the Late Miocene (12.5-4.7 million years ago), existing
Synthetoceras
Record label
That (feat. Messinian): Bare, NumberNin6 & Messinian; Freeze Frame: Bare & Mark Instinct; Bad Habit (feat. Messinian): Bare, Symbl & Messinian SBHM009 04/11/11
SubHuman_:_Human_Imprint
Nancy Point Formation Messinian Valiente Formation Serravallian Isla Solarte Formation Piacenzian Chagres Formation Tortonian-Messinian Gatún Formation
List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Central America
List_of_fossiliferous_stratigraphic_units_in_Central_America
Americans of Greek birth or descent
of America, the Pan-Laconian Federation of the USA & Canada, the Pan-Messinian Federation of the USA & Canada, the Pan-Arcadian Federation of America
Greek_Americans
Hominin fossil
Ardipithecus kadabba Temporal range: Messinian, 5.77–5.54 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata
Ardipithecus_kadabba
River in Italy
Tethys Sea. In the last period of the Miocene Epoch, the Messinian (7–5 mya), the Messinian salinity crisis, a near drying of the Mediterranean, was caused
Po_(river)
Genus of ray-finned fishes
The moonfish of the genus Mene, the sole extant genus of the family Menidae, are disk-shaped fish which bear a vague resemblance to gourami, thanks to
Mene
sandstones deposited in a nearshore environment. Late Tortonian to Early Messinian calcareous ooze and claystone with benthic foram assemblages overlays
Tyrrhenian_Basin
Lime-rich mud or mudstone which contains variable amounts of clays and silt
Upper Cretaceous cyclic sequences in Germany and marl–opal-rich Tortonian-Messinian strata in the Sorbas Basin related to multiple sea drawdown have been
Marl
Genus of dragonflies
1993 – Late Miocene (Messinian), Gessoso Formation, Italy †Aeshna multicellulata Gentilini & Peters, 1993 – Late Miocene (Messinian), Gessoso Formation
Aeshna
Culinary traditions of Greece
"Messinian Food, Food, Recipes, Traditional Tools, Preparation Techniques". messiniandiet.gr (in Greek and English). Virtual Museum of the Messinian Diet
Greek_cuisine
Geologic event in which sea level falls relative to the land
to an advance in glaciation, a marine regression, and the start of the Messinian salinity crisis in the Mediterranean basin. Some major regressions of
Marine_regression
Largest Greek island
Crete. Their ancestors could have reached the island in the time of the Messinian salinity crisis. Mammals of Crete include the vulnerable kri-kri, Capra
Crete
Extinct subfamily of bears
Hemicyoninae is an extinct subfamily of Ursidae, often called dog bears (literally "half dog" (Greek: ἡμικυων hemi-kyōn)). They lived in Europe, North
Hemicyoninae
Extinct genus of mammals
elasmotheriine rhinocerotids that lived from the late Miocene (Tortonian - Messinian) to Early Pliocene. It was ancestral to Elasmotherium, demonstrating a
Sinotherium
Geological formation in Gansu, China
Liushu Formation Stratigraphic range: Late Miocene (Tortonian to Messinian) ~11.0–6.4 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Aqu. Burdig. Lan. Ser. Tortonian
Liushu_Formation
Seafloor barrier between the Atlantic and Mediterranean
formation is linked to the Zanclean flood and the termination of the Messinian salinity crisis, when the Mediterranean was abruptly refilled through
Camarinal_Sill
Major river in northeast Africa
Obweruka – existed where the modern Lake Albert and Lake Edward are. The Messinian salinity crisis happened in this period: the Mediterranean Sea became
Nile
Extinct species of grebe
The temporal range of the specimens shows P. solidus existed from the Messinian to the Zanclean of Mongolia. The holotype was found at the locality Hyargas-Nuur
Podiceps_solidus
Geologic formation in Kenya
geologic formation located in Kenya and it dates to the Late Miocene (Messinian). The Lukeino Formation is believed to have been formed through continued
Lukeino_Formation
Extinct genus of mammals
Amebelodon is a genus of extinct proboscidean belonging to Amebelodontidae (the so-called shovel-tuskers). The most striking attribute of this animal is
Amebelodon
Extinct genus of carnivores
Barbourofelis Temporal range: Middle to Late Miocene (Serravallian to Messinian), 12–7 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Aqu. Burdig. Lan. Ser. Tortonian
Barbourofelis
Monolithic limestone promontory located in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar
Mediterranean became a lake that, over the course of time, dried up during the Messinian salinity crisis. The Atlantic Ocean then broke through the Strait of Gibraltar
Rock_of_Gibraltar
Extinct species of tortoise
salt; and -chelon, meaning turtle. The 'salt' is in reference to the Messinian salinity crisis, during which it is hypothesized that the African spurred
Alatochelon
Geologic formation in Bolivia
Yecua Formation Stratigraphic range: Late Langhian-Early Messinian (Colloncuran-Huayquerian) ~14–7 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Underlies Tariquia Formation
Yecua_Formation
System that relates geologic strata to time
Paranthropus evolve. 5.333 * Miocene Messinian Connection between Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic is blocked, resulting in Messinian salinity crisis with evaporites
Geologic_time_scale
Genus of fishes
Arambourg, 1927 - latest Miocene (Messinian) of Algeria †Scorpaena jeanneli Arambourg, 1927 - latest Miocene (Messinian) of Algeria †Scorpaena prior Heckel
Scorpaena
Extinct genus of carnivores
Baccinello V3 faunal assemblage: palaeobiogeographic implications in the Messinian Italian carnivore record". Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana
Plesiogulo
American music group
is an American group of Drum&Bass artists: Dieselboy, DJ Dara, and MC Messinian along with AK1200. In the fall of 2009, Planet of the Drums embarked on
Planet_of_the_Drums
Family of land turtles
Murelaga (2020). "A large testudinid with African affinities in the post-Messinian (lower Pliocene) record of south-eastern Spain". Palaeontology. 63 (3):
Tortoise
Extinct genus of shrew native to the Balearic Islands
Nesiotites originally colonised Mallorca during the Messinian stage of the Late Miocene, when during the Messinian salinity crisis (5.96–5.33 million years ago)
Nesiotites
Extinct water bird
Hunucornis Temporal range: Tortonian–Messinian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order:
Hunucornis
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