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Programming paradigm
Probabilistic logic programming is a programming paradigm that combines logic programming with probabilities. Most approaches to probabilistic logic programming
Probabilistic logic programming
Probabilistic_logic_programming
Software system for statistical models
Probabilistic programming (PP) is a programming paradigm based on the declarative specification of probabilistic models, for which inference is performed
Probabilistic_programming
Applications of logic under uncertainty
Probabilistic logic (also probability logic and probabilistic reasoning) involves the use of probability and logic to deal with uncertain situations. Probabilistic
Probabilistic_logic
Learning logic programs from data
Inductive logic programming (ILP) is a subfield of symbolic artificial intelligence which uses logic programming as a uniform representation for examples
Inductive_logic_programming
Probabilistic logic programming language
probabilistic logic programming language that extends Prolog with probabilities. It minimally extends Prolog by adding the notion of a probabilistic fact
ProbLog
Programming paradigm based on formal logic
Logic programming is a programming, database, and knowledge representation paradigm based on formal logic. A logic program is a set of sentences in logical
Logic_programming
Data structure for Boolean functions
(2014). Compiling probabilistic logic programs into sentential decision diagrams. In Proceedings Workshop on Probabilistic Logic Programming (PLP) (pp. 1-10)
Sentential_decision_diagram
Probabilistic Soft Logic (PSL) is a statistical relational learning (SRL) framework for modeling probabilistic and relational domains. It is applicable
Probabilistic_soft_logic
2016 Award. The PRISM probabilistic model checker appears unrelated to the PRISM probabilistic logic programming system (PRogramming In Statistical Modelling
PRISM_model_checker
Area of automatic programming
inductive programming, such as functional logic programming, constraint programming, probabilistic programming, abductive logic programming, modal logic, action
Inductive_programming
Subfield of artificial intelligence
Demeester, Thomas; De Raedt, Luc (2018). "DeepProbLog: Neural Probabilistic Logic Programming". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 31 (NeurIPS
Neuro-symbolic_AI
Statistics concept
inference engine to automate probabilistic reasoning—a kind of Prolog for probability instead of logic. Bayesian programming is a formal and concrete implementation
Bayesian_programming
Subdiscipline of artificial intelligence
first-order logic to describe relational properties of a domain in a general manner (universal quantification) and draw upon probabilistic graphical models
Statistical relational learning
Statistical_relational_learning
Intelligence of machines
the logic programming language Prolog, is Turing complete. Moreover, its efficiency is competitive with computation in other symbolic programming languages
Artificial_intelligence
Project for an open source artificial intelligence framework
inference and chaining. An implementation of a probabilistic reasoning engine based on probabilistic logic networks. The current implementation uses the
OpenCog
to the use of constraints in constraint logic programming, but without the logic processing basis. Probabilistic value sets is a natural extension of value
Narrowing of algebraic value sets
Narrowing_of_algebraic_value_sets
Method of deriving conclusions
Some many-valued logics take the form of probability logics, which make it possible to reason from uncertain information to probabilistic conclusions. Various
Rule_of_inference
Study of correct reasoning
Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical
Logic
Methods in artificial intelligence research
(human-readable) representations of problems, logic, and search. Symbolic AI used tools such as logic programming, production rules, semantic nets and frames
Symbolic artificial intelligence
Symbolic_artificial_intelligence
Overview of and topical guide to computer programming
computer programming: Computer programming – process that leads from an original formulation of a computing problem to executable computer programs. Programming
Outline of computer programming
Outline_of_computer_programming
Language for reasoning and representing events
Paliouras, Georgios (March 2015). "A probabilistic logic programming event calculus". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming. 15 (2): 213–245. arXiv:1204.1851
Event_calculus
Inference seeking the simplest and most likely explanation
most likely hypothesis that should be adopted. Subjective logic generalises probabilistic logic by including degrees of epistemic uncertainty in the input
Abductive_reasoning
Reasoning of knowledge about knowledge
autoepistemic logic can express knowledge and lack of knowledge about facts. The stable model semantics, which is used to give a semantics to logic programming with
Autoepistemic_logic
Computer science field
finite-state concurrent systems using temporal logic specifications", ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 8 (2): 244, doi:10.1145/5397
Model_checking
Method of statistical inference
(2013). Bayesian Programming (1 edition) Chapman and Hall/CRC. Daniel Roy (2015). "Probabilistic Programming". probabilistic-programming.org. Archived from
Bayesian_inference
properties. PLTL: Probabilistic Linear Temporal Logic. PRCTL: Probabilistic Reward Computation Tree Logic; it extends PCTL with reward-bounded properties
List_of_model_checking_tools
Algebraic manipulation of "true" and "false"
logical truth values yields a multi-valued logic, which forms the basis for fuzzy logic and probabilistic logic. In these interpretations, a value is interpreted
Boolean_algebra
Study of the semantics, or interpretations, of formal and natural languages
logics of (finite) partially ordered quantification, which were originally investigated by Leon Henkin, who studied Henkin quantifiers. Probabilistic
Semantics_(logic)
Software able to infer logical consequences
There are also examples of probabilistic reasoners, including non-axiomatic reasoning systems, and probabilistic logic networks. Notable semantic reasoners
Semantic_reasoner
Programming paradigm focused on difficult search problems
set programming to the problem of product configuration. In 1999, the term "answer set programming" appeared for the first time in a book The Logic Programming
Answer_set_programming
Logic programming language
The LogicBlox system is a commercial, declarative, incremental logic programming language and deductive database inspired by Datalog. The LogiQL programming
LogicBlox
Reasoning for mathematical statements
frequently used as an assumption for further mathematical work. Proofs employ logic expressed in mathematical symbols, along with natural language that usually
Mathematical_proof
American academic (born 1963)
by his group. Logic and arithmetic being the building blocks of such architectures, PCMOS motivated a new Probabilistic Boolean Logic (PBL) and its arithmetic
Krishna_Palem
Type of software system
of certainty factors, probabilistic methods such as Bayesian inference or Dempster–Shafer theory, multi-valued ('fuzzy') logic and various connectionist
Reasoning_system
British professor
and probabilistic knowledge. She has been awarded the prize for the best application paper at the International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP)
Alessandra_Russo
List of concepts in artificial intelligence
to drive his model of situational logic. probabilistic programming (PP) A programming paradigm in which probabilistic models are specified and inference
Glossary of artificial intelligence
Glossary_of_artificial_intelligence
Genetic algorithm Genetic programming Particle swarm optimization Backward chaining DPLL algorithm Forward chaining Resolution (logic) Rete algorithm WalkSAT
List of artificial intelligence algorithms
List_of_artificial_intelligence_algorithms
Algorithm that employs a degree of randomness as part of its logic or procedure
either by signaling a failure or failing to terminate. In some cases, probabilistic algorithms are the only practical means of solving a problem. In common
Randomized_algorithm
Basic circuit in quantum computing
computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits. Quantum logic gates are the building
Quantum_logic_gate
articles include material on context-aware mobile applications, probabilistic logic programming, paleoecology, and gene mapping. Toivonen holds 10 patents
Hannu_Toivonen_(professor)
German computer scientist
(2008) Probabilistic Inductive Logic Programming. In: De Raedt L., Frasconi P., Kersting K., Muggleton S. (eds) Probabilistic Inductive Logic Programming. Lecture
Kristian_Kersting
Steps in reasoning
from a single statement Inferential programming Inquiry – Type of investigation Logic – Study of correct reasoning Logic of information Logical assertion –
Inference
Computer system simulating intelligence
is based on the model of the human brain with probabilistic thinking, fuzzy logic and multi-valued logic. Soft computing can process a wealth of data and
Computational_intelligence
Sequence of operations for a task
multiple iterations. Mathematics portal Computer programming portal Abstract machine ALGOL Algorithm = Logic + Control Algorithm aversion Algorithm engineering
Algorithm
Subset of artificial intelligence
representing hypotheses (and not only logic programming), such as functional programs. Inductive logic programming is particularly useful in bioinformatics
Machine_learning
Book by Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig
AI topics like searching algorithms and first-order logic, propositional logic and probabilistic reasoning to advanced topics such as multi-agent systems
Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach
Artificial_Intelligence:_A_Modern_Approach
Reformulation of Floyd-Hoare logic
Annabelle; Seidel, Karen (May 1996). "Probabilistic Predicate Transformers" (PDF). ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems. 18 (3): 325–353
Predicate transformer semantics
Predicate_transformer_semantics
Data having only values "true" or "false"
a more general logical data type—logic does not always need to be Boolean (see probabilistic logic). In programming languages with a built-in Boolean
Boolean_data_type
Logic programming using abductive reasoning
Abductive logic programming (ALP) is a high-level knowledge-representation framework that can be used to solve problems declaratively, based on abductive
Abductive_logic_programming
Combinational digital circuit
In computing, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a combinational digital circuit that performs arithmetic and bitwise operations on integer binary numbers
Arithmetic_logic_unit
Supervised machine learning techniques
prediction include inductive logic programming, case-based reasoning, structured SVMs, Markov logic networks, Probabilistic Soft Logic, and constrained conditional
Structured_prediction
machine learning and predictive analytics platform Infer.NET — probabilistic programming framework for Bayesian inference Jubatus — online machine learning
Lists of open-source artificial intelligence software
Lists_of_open-source_artificial_intelligence_software
Theory in computer science
order to take advantage of the QBF solvers. Probabilistic CTL Fair computational tree logic Linear temporal logic Vardi, Moshe Y. (2001). Branching vs. Linear
Computation_tree_logic
Study of database design and use
expressible in this language, more powerful languages based on logic programming and fixpoint logic such as Datalog were studied. The theory also explores foundations
Database_theory
Computer science and logic conference
of Weak Bisimulation for Probabilistic Processes" François Laroussinie, Nicolas Markey, Philippe Schnoebelen, "Temporal Logic with Forgettable Past" At
Symposium on Logic in Computer Science
Symposium_on_Logic_in_Computer_Science
Method of logical reasoning
Falsifiability Grammar induction Inductive logic programming Inductive probability Inductive programming Inductive reasoning aptitude Inductivism Inquiry
Inductive_reasoning
Logical problem studied in computer science
formalized approach to constraint programming. Formally speaking, an SMT instance is a formula in first-order logic, where some function and predicate
Satisfiability modulo theories
Satisfiability_modulo_theories
Task of finding records in a data set that refer to same entity across different sources
programmed ahead of time, probabilistic record linkage methods can be "trained" to perform well with much less human intervention. Many probabilistic
Record_linkage
Concept in computer science
variety of reversible device concepts, logic gates, electronic circuits, processor architectures, programming languages, and application algorithms have
Reversible_computing
Overview of and topical guide to machine learning
Prisma (app) Probabilistic Action Cores Probabilistic context-free grammar Probabilistic latent semantic analysis Probabilistic soft logic Probability
Outline_of_machine_learning
Boolean function
In Boolean logic, the majority function (also called the median operator) is the Boolean function that evaluates to false when half or more arguments
Majority_function
Reasoning that is rationally compelling, though not deductively valid
or not-p in classical logic, not necessarily in other logics) Defeasible (from authority): if p then (defeasibly) q Probabilistic (from combinatorics and
Defeasible_reasoning
Management Systems and Treewidth for Counting". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming. 22 (1): 128–157. arXiv:2001.04191. doi:10.1017/s147106842100003x
♯SAT
Finite-State Concurrent Systems using Temporal Logic Specifications, in: ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, April 1986, vol. 8, no
Construction and Analysis of Distributed Processes
Construction_and_Analysis_of_Distributed_Processes
Branch of artificial intelligence
are observed so that all constraints are guaranteed to be satisfied. Probabilistic planning can be solved with iterative methods such as value iteration
Automated planning and scheduling
Automated_planning_and_scheduling
Categorization of data using statistics
expression programming – Evolutionary algorithm Multi expression programming Linear genetic programming Kernel estimation – Concept in statisticsPages displaying
Statistical_classification
Table specifying actions based on conditions
alternatives (similar to switch-case), and some tables even use fuzzy logic or probabilistic representations for condition alternatives. In a similar way, action
Decision_table
Computation model defining an abstract machine
A programming language that is Turing complete is theoretically capable of expressing all tasks accomplishable by computers; nearly all programming languages
Turing_machine
Greek mathematician and logician (born 1947)
Conferences: STOC '87 (and programming committee of STOC '01), ICALP, CiE (Computability in Europe), PLS, ASL (Association for Symbolic Logic) European Summer Meeting
Stathis_Zachos
Software projects developed at universities
Oz – multiparadigm programming language (UCLouvain) Pascal – structured programming language (ETH Zurich) Prolog – logic programming language (Aix-Marseille)
List of software developed at universities
List_of_software_developed_at_universities
Overview of and topical guide to algorithms
integration Monte Carlo method Linear programming Simplex algorithm Interior-point method Integer programming Dynamic programming Gradient descent Stochastic gradient
Outline_of_algorithms
Project management tool
technique used in project management that allows for the probabilistic treatment of both network logic and estimation of activity duration. The technique was
Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique
Graphical_Evaluation_and_Review_Technique
Approach for designing software
contract (DbC), also known as contract programming, programming by contract and design-by-contract programming, is an approach for designing software
Design_by_contract
Varying application boundaries
features fuzzy logic programming that steers it through rough terrain. Similarly, to the North, the Chinese Mars rover Zhurong used fuzzy logic algorithms
Fuzzy_concept
Systems Analysis Programs for Hands-on Integrated Reliability Evaluations
SAPHIRE is a probabilistic risk and reliability assessment software tool. SAPHIRE stands for Systems Analysis Programs for Hands-on Integrated Reliability
SAPHIRE
Algebra describing information processing
Jaffar, J.; Maher, M. J. (1994), "Constraint logic programming: A survey", Journal of Logic Programming, 19/20: 503–581, doi:10.1016/0743-1066(94)90033-7
Information_algebra
Machine learning and inference framework
and inference framework that augments the learning of conditional (probabilistic or discriminative) models with declarative constraints. The constraint
Constrained_conditional_model
events. probability logic A logical system that incorporates probabilistic elements to deal with uncertainty, extending classical logic to handle degrees
Glossary_of_logic
craftsmen. The study of logic and formal reasoning from antiquity to the present led to the development of the programmable digital computer in the 1940s
History of artificial intelligence
History_of_artificial_intelligence
complexity of computations, probabilistic methods, mathematical logic, formal methods of program analysis, logical programming, mathematical cryptography
Institute for System Programming
Institute_for_System_Programming
Digital circuit design abstraction
level (logic families) or logic gate level. In HDLs the designer declares the registers (which roughly correspond to variables in computer programming languages)
Register-transfer_level
technique Logic and automated reasoning Programming using logic Logic programming – Programming paradigm based on formal logic See "Logic as search"
Outline of artificial intelligence
Outline_of_artificial_intelligence
American computer scientist
Abstraction, Refinement and Proof for Probabilistic Systems, in which the same themes were pursued for probabilistic programs. His more recent text (with five
Carroll Morgan (computer scientist)
Carroll_Morgan_(computer_scientist)
Concept in mathematical logic
logical truth values yields a multi-valued logic, which forms the basis for fuzzy logic and probabilistic logic. In these interpretations, a value is interpreted
Boolean_domain
Compiler optimization technique
"TOAST: Applying Answer Set Programming to Superoptimisation". In Etalle, Sandro; Truszczyński, Mirosław (eds.). Logic Programming. Lecture Notes in Computer
Superoptimization
non-constructive probabilistic existence proofs into efficient deterministic algorithms that explicitly construct the desired object. Often, the probabilistic method
Method of conditional probabilities
Method_of_conditional_probabilities
Type of Knowledge Graph Management System
Vadalog is a system for performing complex logic reasoning tasks over knowledge graphs. Its language is based on an extension of the rule-based language
Vadalog
American computer scientist and AI researcher
Artificial General Intelligence. Springer. Ben Goertzel (2006). Probabilistic Logic Networks: A Comprehensive Framework for Uncertain Inference. Plenum
Ben_Goertzel
on logic programming paradigm Answer Set Programming (ASP) and its extension, Reactive ASP. In another example, bottom-up inductive logic programming approach
Action_model_learning
Failure analysis system used in safety engineering and reliability engineering
safety assessments. After the Challenger accident, the importance of probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) and FTA in systems risk and reliability analysis
Fault_tree_analysis
Type of machine learning model
into other programming languages. They were originally used as a code completion tool, but advances have moved them towards automatic programming. Services
Large_language_model
Finite-state machine where edges carry weights
Probabilistic automaton Nondeterministic finite automaton Finite-state transducer Rational series Semiring Matrix ring Timed automaton Fuzzy logic Markov
Weighted_automaton
Method of solving computing problems
Computing technique comprises Fuzzy logic, neuro-computing, evolutionary-computing, machine learning and probabilistic-chaotic computing. Instead of solving
Lateral_computing
Computer program for the Boolean satisfiability problem
software and are built into some programming languages such as exposing SAT solvers as constraints in constraint logic programming. A Boolean formula is any
SAT_solver
American/Canadian computer scientist
For example, he introduced logic and a real-valued interpretation of the logic to capture equivalence of probabilistic processes quantitatively." In
Prakash_Panangaden
Relation between transition systems in computer science
semantics of a programming language, then the precise definition of bisimulation will be specific to the restrictions of the programming language. Therefore
Bisimulation
American engineer
Computing worked out many key ideas for fault equivalence, probabilistic modeling of logic networks, pseudo-exhaustive testing, and watchdog processors
Edward_J._McCluskey
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
The result of measuring a qubit is one of the two states given by a probabilistic rule. If a quantum computer manipulates the qubit in a particular way
Quantum_computing
Theoretical computer used for defining a model of computation
memory, arithmetic and logic circuits, buses, etc., to implement a physical machine whose machine language coincides with the programming language. Once constructed
Abstract_machine
Processing of natural language by a computer
systems, which are also more costly to produce. the larger such a (probabilistic) language model is, the more accurate it becomes, in contrast to rule-based
Natural_language_processing
PROBABILISTIC LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
PROBABILISTIC LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
Girl/Female
Tamil
Trick, Power, Strategy, Solution by logic, By reasoning
Boy/Male
Hindu
Full of feathers, Full of logic, Name of sage, Vatsyayan
Girl/Female
Tamil
Vinyasa | விநà¯à®¯à®¾à®¸
A yogic posture
Vinyasa | விநà¯à®¯à®¾à®¸
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Logic; Reason
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Tamil
Trick; Power; Strategy; Solution by Logic; By Reasoning
Girl/Female
Hindu
Trick, Power, Strategy, Solution by logic, By reasoning
Boy/Male
Tamil
Full of feathers, Full of logic, Name of sage, Vatsyayan
Girl/Female
British, English
15th Century
Girl/Female
Tamil
Trick, Power, Strategy, Solution by logic, By reasoning
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Lowthorpe in East Yorkshire, named with the Old Norse personal name Logi or Lági + þorp ‘outlying farmstead’In 1634 the name was brought to North America by the Rev. John Lathrop (b. 1584 in Etton, Yorkshire, England), a Puritan preacher fleeing religious persecution. He arrived at Plymouth Colony and lived in Scituate, MA until 1639, then moved to Barnstable MA, where his Bible can still be seen.
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
A Yogic Posture
PROBABILISTIC LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
PROBABILISTIC LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
Boy/Male
Tamil
Vadivel | வாதிவேல
Lord Murugan
Girl/Female
Slavic
Free.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Early Morning
Boy/Male
Indian
Living well
Boy/Male
Tamil
Rishidher | ரீஷீதேரÂ
Saint
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
A Respectable Person
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Douthit.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Lord Vishnu
Female
Egyptian
, the sister of Rekh-mara.
Boy/Male
Indian
Acclaim, Appreciation, Beautification
PROBABILISTIC LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
PROBABILISTIC LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
PROBABILISTIC LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
PROBABILISTIC LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
PROBABILISTIC LOGIC-PROGRAMMING
n.
A treatise on logic; as, Mill's Logic.
a.
According to the rules of logic; as, a logical argument or inference; the reasoning is logical.
n.
See Logic.
n.
The system of logic and philosophy set forth by Hegel, a German writer (1770-1831).
n.
One who bandies words or is very argumentative.
a.
Excessively logical; adhering too closely to the forms or rules of logic.
n.
One who maintains that a man may do that which has a probability of being right, or which is inculcated by teachers of authority, although other opinions may seem to him still more probable.
a.
Of or pertaining to logic; used in logic; as, logical subtilties.
n.
The three " liberal" arts, grammar, logic, and rhetoric; -- being a triple way, as it were, to eloquence.
n.
That which is refined, elaborated, or polished to excess; an affected subtilty; as, refinements of logic.
n.
Logic illustrated by physics.
a.
Beyond the scope or province of logic.
n.
The art of reasoning; logic.
n.
The art or process of reasoning; logic.
n.
The science or art of exact reasoning, or of pure and formal thought, or of the laws according to which the processes of pure thinking should be conducted; the science of the formation and application of general notions; the science of generalization, judgment, classification, reasoning, and systematic arrangement; correct reasoning.
n.
The doctrine of the probabilists.
a.
Ignorant or negligent of the rules of logic or correct reasoning; as, an illogical disputant; contrary of the rules of logic or sound reasoning; as, an illogical inference.
n.
One who maintains that certainty is impossible, and that probability alone is to govern our faith and actions.
n.
A person skilled in logic.
a.
Lying outside of the domain of logic.