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Archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic
The Solutrean /səˈljuːtriən/ industry is a relatively advanced flint tool-making style of the Upper Paleolithic of the Final Gravettian, from around 22
Solutrean
Hypothesis for ancient human migrations to the Americas
The Solutrean hypothesis on the peopling of the Americas is the claim that the earliest human migration to the Americas began from Europe during the Solutrean
Solutrean_hypothesis
2018 film by Albert Hughes
voice-over narration) The film was first announced in September 2015 as The Solutrean, with Albert Hughes as director, produced by Studio 8. The film uses the
Alpha_(2018_film)
New World prehistoric projectile
European (the Solutrean hypothesis). However, this hypothesis is not well-accepted as other archaeologists have pointed out that Solutrean and Clovis lithic
Clovis_point
Alternative theories on the peopling of the Americas
a primary critic of the Solutrean hypothesis, points to the theoretical difficulty of the ocean crossing, a lack of Solutrean-specific features in pre-Clovis
Alternatives to the Clovis First theory
Alternatives_to_the_Clovis_First_theory
Subdivision of the Paleolithic, or Old Stone Age
and areas around the Black Sea. This period saw cultures such as the Solutrean in France and Spain. Human life may have continued on top of the ice sheet
Upper_Paleolithic
Archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic
BP. In modern-day Portugal, Spain and France, it was succeeded by the Solutrean and by the Epigravettian in Italy, the Balkans, Ukraine and Russia. The
Gravettian
Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic cultures
thought to have emerged from the preceding Solutrean culture in the region, differentiated from the Solutrean by its increased usage of bone points. The
Magdalenian
Cave with prehistoric paintings in Spain
excavations in the cave floor found rich deposits of artifacts from the Upper Solutrean (c. 18,500 years ago) and Lower Magdalenian (between c. 16,590 and 14
Cave_of_Altamira
Upper Paleolithic culture of Europe
includes fossils of the Ahmarian, Bohunician, Aurignacian, Gravettian, Solutrean and Magdalenian cultures, extending throughout the Last Glacial Maximum
Aurignacian
Earliest anatomically modern humans in Europe and West Asia
years ago. The Gravettian split into the Epi-Gravettian in the east and Solutrean in the west, due to major climatic degradation during the Last Glacial
Cro-Magnon
Cave with prehistoric art
Europe between 35,000 and 11,000 years ago (Aurignacian, Gravettian, Solutrean, Magdalenian, Azilian). In 2008, they were collectively designated a World
Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain
Cave_of_Altamira_and_Paleolithic_Cave_Art_of_Northern_Spain
European Upper Paleolithic culture
simply the Gravettian after ~21,000 BP,[is this date calibrated?] when the Solutrean had replaced the Gravettian in most of France and Spain. Several Epigravettian
Epigravettian
Places of survival during glaciation
humans remained in certain regions. The Solutrean and Proto Solutrean cultures are found west of the Alps. The Solutrean people lived between a forest steppe
Last_Glacial_Maximum_refugia
"Gravettizing Solutrean." The archetypical sequence, that of Parpalló and Les Mallaetes caves, is: Initial Solutrean. Full or Middle Solutrean, dated in its
Paleolithic_Iberia
Natural Monument and archaeological site in Almería, Spain
stratigraphy, which documents layers from the Upper Paleolithic, including the Solutrean period, through the Epipaleolithic and Neolithic periods, up to recent
Ambrosio_Cave,_Spain
(Biscay): Gravettian, Solutrean and Magdalenian remains, mural art Bolinkoba (Biscay): Gravettian and Solutrean Ermitia (Gipuzkoa): Solutrean and Magdalenian
History_of_the_Basques
Australian actor (born 1996)
2017. White, James (12 November 2015). "Kodi Smit-McPhee starring in The Solutrean". Empire. Aguilar, Carlos (December 2021). "The Power of the Dog Film
Kodi_Smit-McPhee
American archaeologist (1943–2019)
Stanford was known for investigating the Solutrean hypothesis, which contends that stone tool technology of the Solutrean culture in prehistoric northern Spain
Dennis_Stanford
Ancient history of the Basque people
Country, Solutrean points were added onto an extant lithic technology usually characterizable as Gravettian with Noailles burins.″ The Basque Solutrean facies
Basque_prehistory
sub-continent. The Gravettian spans the Last Glacial Maximum, ca. 33–21 kya. The Solutrean (c. 22–17 kya) may or may not be included as the final phase of the Gravettian
List_of_Stone_Age_art
Archaeological site in southeastern Virginia, United States
advocated by Dennis Stanford. In what is known as the Solutrean hypothesis, he suggests that European Solutreans migrated to the Americas across the Atlantic Ocean
Cactus_Hill
2017 film by Wim Wenders
Lincoln, Ross A. (April 4, 2016). "Leonor Varela Dons Animal Skins For 'The Solutrean'; Celyn Jones Joins 'Submergence'". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business
Submergence_(film)
Speculative historical theories
geographical placenames in the United States have a Semitic origin. The Solutrean hypothesis argues that Europeans migrated to the New World during the
Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories
Pre-Columbian_transoceanic_contact_theories
Technique of manufacturing stone tools
Archaeological culturePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Solutrean – Archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic Tranchet axe –
Knapping
Fossilized tree resin
documentary The Amber Time Machine. Amber has been used since prehistory (Solutrean) in the manufacture of jewelry and ornaments, and also in folk medicine
Amber
Limestone escarpment by Mâcon, France
geological phenomenon of the region, as a prehistoric site of the eponymous Solutrean paleolithic culture, and for the natural environment at its summit, the
Rock_of_Solutré
2018 film by Yann Demange
Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved March 12, 2017. Lang, Brent (June 16, 2017). "'Solutrean' Retitled 'Alpha,' Gets New Release Date (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved
White_Boy_Rick
Archaeogenetic name for an ancestral genetic component
Magdalenian-associated Goyet-Q2 cluster itself primarily descends from earlier Solutrean and western Gravettian-producing groups in France and Spain. A 2023 study
Western_hunter-gatherer
Province of Spain
culture: Santimamiñe, Bolinkoba (Durangoaldea) and Atxurra (Markina) Solutrean culture: Santimamiñe and Bolinkoba Magdalenian culture: Santimamiñe and
Biscay
Stone tool
"quasi-bifaces" that sometimes appear in strata from the Gravettian, Solutrean and Magdalenian periods in France and Spain, the crude bifacial pieces
Hand_axe
Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup
one of the major factors used to support the Solutrean hypothesis during the early 2000s. The Solutrean hypothesis postulates that haplogroup X reached
Haplogroup_X_(mtDNA)
responsible for Venus figurines, cave paintings at the Cosquer Cave. Solutrean (c. 22,000 - 17,000 BP) Magdalenian (c. 17,000 - 10,000 BP) – thought
Prehistory_of_France
Continent
Last Glacial Maximum refugia, c. 20,000 years ago Solutrean culture Epigravettian culture
Europe
Tool to give more leverage when throwing a spear-like projectile
to 17,000 years ago. The earliest known example is a 17,500-year-old Solutrean atlatl made of reindeer antler, found at Combe Saunière (Dordogne), France
Spear-thrower
Peninsula on US East Coast
Last Glacial Maximum. In 1970 a stone tool (a biface) said to resemble Solutrean stone tools was dredged up by the trawler Cinmar off the east coast of
Delmarva_Peninsula
Long spear-like instrument used in marine hunting
with poles was widespread in palaeolithic times, especially during the Solutrean and Magdalenian periods. Cosquer Cave in southern France has cave art
Harpoon
Stone tool
and which characterize a particular phase of the Aurignacian period. Solutrean backed edge blades display pronounced and abrupt retouching, so that they
Microlith
Prehistoric period, second part of the Stone Age
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Mesolithic
Paleolithic artefact from South Africa
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Lebombo_bone
Prehistoric period before metal tools
to 30 kya Châtelperronian, 40–28 Aurignacian, 28–22 Gravettian, 22–17 Solutrean, and 18–10 Magdalenian. All of these industries except the Châtelperronian
Stone_Age
Period of Arabia before documented history
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Prehistoric_Arabia
Mesolithic culture in what is now Poland
Rimantienė (1996) considered the relationship between Swiderian and Solutrean "outstanding, though also indirect", in contrast with the Bromme-Ahrensburg
Swiderian_culture
Engraved fragment of a horse's head
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Robin_Hood_Cave_Horse
Oceanic division
theories, ranging from purely hypothetical to mostly disputed, including the Solutrean hypothesis and some of the Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories
Atlantic_Ocean
Prehistoric period in Europe
appears in the Crimean Mountains (southern Ukraine). Around 22,000 BCE, the Solutrean and Gravettian cultures reach the southwestern region of Europe. The Gravettian
Paleolithic_Europe
Peninsula in southwestern Europe
a series of different cultures, such as the Aurignacian, Gravettian, Solutrean and Magdalenian cultures, some of them characterized by the complex forms
Iberian_Peninsula
Archaeological site in Turkey
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Çatalhöyük
Prehistoric cave in Montbron, Charente, France
occupied from the Mousterian to Magdalenian, with possible brief Upper Solutrean use of the Paignon Shelter. In 1974, a Neanderthal jawbone (12–14½ years
Montgaudier_Cave
Autonomous community of Spain
cleavers of quartzite. In the Upper Palaeolithic appeared two new cultures: Solutrean and Magdalenian. The Epipaleolithic was centered in Lower Aragon, occupying
Aragon
lineage, dubbed west European hunter-gatherer (WHG) emerged from the Solutrean refugium during the European Mesolithic. These Mesolithic hunter-gatherer
Genetic_history_of_Europe
Archaeological period, last part of the Stone Age (New Stone Age)
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Neolithic
Paleolithic carved head
Nevertheless, Piette described layers attributed to the late and middle Solutrean period. He termed the bottom levels he reached as éburnéen (pale or white
Venus_of_Brassempouy
Archaeological culture of the Epipalaeolithic Levant
000) Périgordian (35–20 ka) Gravettian (33–24 ka) Pavlovian (29–25 ka) Solutrean (22–17 ka) Epigravettian (20–10 ka) Magdalenian (17–12 ka) Hamburg (15
Natufian_culture
Paleolithic artifact from Congo
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Ishango_bone
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Timeline_of_prehistory
Caves in France containing Paleolithic paintings
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Lascaux
Commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France
as well as later modern human finds associated with the Aurignacian, Solutrean and Magdalenian. They also include cave paintings and bone flutes. Communes
Isturits
Circa 24,000–16,000 BCE; most recent era when ice sheets were at their greatest extent
The Last Glacial Maximum refugia, around 20,000 years ago Solutrean culture Epigravettian culture
Last_Glacial_Maximum
Paleolithic animal remains
first hypotheses put forward by Professor Toussaint in 1874 was that Solutrean man domesticated these horses, so that they could be lassoed and eaten
Solutré_horse
Archaeological period, part of Stone Age
000) Périgordian (35–20 ka) Gravettian (33–24 ka) Pavlovian (29–25 ka) Solutrean (22–17 ka) Epigravettian (20–10 ka) Magdalenian (17–12 ka) Hamburg (15
Middle_Paleolithic
Cave with prehistoric paintings in Spain
Paleolithic decorations. The recorded remains belong mainly to the Upper Solutrean and the Lower Magdalenian ages, although older objects are also found
Cave_of_La_Pasiega
appeared in the Crimean Mountains (southern Ukraine). By 24,000 BC, the Solutrean and Gravettian cultures were present in Southwestern Europe. Gravettian
Prehistoric_Europe
Prehistoric period, first part of the Stone Age
000) Périgordian (35–20 ka) Gravettian (33–24 ka) Pavlovian (29–25 ka) Solutrean (22–17 ka) Epigravettian (20–10 ka) Magdalenian (17–12 ka) Hamburg (15
Paleolithic
Western contact Cro-Magnon Aurignacian Gravettian Magdalenian Hamburg Solutrean Neanderthals (during the Paleolithic) Sami (formerly, up until the fifteenth
List_of_nomadic_peoples
Period of human history before records
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Prehistory
Canadian television series
scientists and Native Americans for its uncritical presentation of the Solutrean hypothesis. In 2023, Suzuki announced his retirement and was succeeded
The_Nature_of_Things
Prehistoric carving found in France
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Bison_Licking_Insect_Bite
Prehistoric statuette depicting a woman
Aurignacian culture, the majority are now associated with the Gravettian and Solutrean cultures. In these periods, the more rotund figurines are predominant
Venus_figurine
Paleolithic archeological industry in the Levant
emerging prior to the Atlitian, which was also contemporary with the Solutrean and Magdalenian cultures of Western Europe. Ahmarian technology, which
Ahmarian
Third division (unofficial) of the Pleistocene Epoch
The Last Glacial Maximum refugia, c. 20,000 years ago Solutrean culture Epigravettian culture
Late_Pleistocene
Prehistoric stone tool
Bordes and Denise de Sonneville-Bordes exhumed one from the most recent Solutrean strata in the Laugerie-Haute cave (Dordogne). The piece was broken into
Hammerstone
Danish evolutionary geneticist
ancestral to many contemporary Native Americans, thereby rejecting the Solutrean theory for early peopling of the Americas. The boy's skeleton was later
Eske_Willerslev
Hill forest in Haryana, India
000) Périgordian (35–20 ka) Gravettian (33–24 ka) Pavlovian (29–25 ka) Solutrean (22–17 ka) Epigravettian (20–10 ka) Magdalenian (17–12 ka) Hamburg (15
Mangar_Bani
based on an ostensible similarity in stone-tool technology between the Solutrean culture of Pleistocene Europe and Clovis in North America, was undermined
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
Anthropomorphic stone stelae within the perimeter of a tumulus
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Kurgan_stelae
Caves in Gibraltar
drawn in charcoal on one of the cave walls. It has been dated to the solutrean period (15,000 to 20,000 years ago) based on the style used. However,
St._Michael's_Cave
First epoch of the Quaternary Period
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Pleistocene
Action of launching an object
spear-thrower is a development of the Upper Paleolithic, certainly in use by the Solutrean (c. 20,000 years ago). Human athletes can achieve throwing speeds close
Throwing
Prehistoric people in the Upper Nile Valley
000) Périgordian (35–20 ka) Gravettian (33–24 ka) Pavlovian (29–25 ka) Solutrean (22–17 ka) Epigravettian (20–10 ka) Magdalenian (17–12 ka) Hamburg (15
Halfan_culture
Culture in Upper Egypt approximately 15,000 years ago
000) Périgordian (35–20 ka) Gravettian (33–24 ka) Pavlovian (29–25 ka) Solutrean (22–17 ka) Epigravettian (20–10 ka) Magdalenian (17–12 ka) Hamburg (15
Qadan_culture
Distinctive type of stone knapping technique used by ancient humans
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Levallois_technique
Images carved on a rock surface as a form of rock art
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Petroglyph
eastern Asia, is published by Fan et al. (2026). Evidence indicating that Solutrean artifacts from the Peña Capón rock shelter (Muriel-Tamajón, Spain) were
2026_in_paleomammalogy
Hurled weapon with a sharp point
This technology was used worldwide from the Upper Palaeolithic (late Solutrean, c. 18,000–16,000 BC) until the development of archery made it obsolete
Dart_(missile)
Scottish journalist and folklorist (1873–1936)
race" who initiated the Solutrean culture around 20,000 years ago (p. 50). According to Mackenzie, the Aurignacian and Solutrean peoples of Britain traded
Donald_Alexander_Mackenzie
European LGM refuges, 20 kya. Solutrean and Proto-Solutrean cultures Epi-Gravettian culture
History_of_Europe
Comic book series by Stephen Graham Jones
transported to 20,000 BC, a time where Indigenous Paleo-Indians are at war with Solutreans. Earthdivers Vol. 3: 1776: This volume follows Emily (Seminole Nation)
Earthdivers
Prehistoric ivory sculpture discovered in the Hohlenstein-Stadel, a cave in Germany
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Lion-man of Hohlenstein-Stadel
Lion-man_of_Hohlenstein-Stadel
Neolithic humanoid sculpture (c. 5500 BC)
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Adam_of_Macedonia
Object that reflects an image
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Mirror
Neolithic sculpture found in Turkey
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Seated_Woman_of_Çatalhöyük
Paintings, often prehistoric, on cave walls and ceilings
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Cave_painting
Prehistoric subspecies of horse
of present-day France during the Gravettian and up to the end of the Solutrean. Its fossils, dated from 40,000 to around 15,000 years BC, are close to
Gallic_horse
Mesolithic industry of the Franco-Cantabrian region
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Azilian
are rock paintings that date back 30,000 years and correspond to the Solutrean, Magdalenian, and Aurignacian cultures of the Upper Paleolithic and typical
History_of_Asturias
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
List of oldest extant buildings
List_of_oldest_extant_buildings
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Levanna_projectile_point
Upper Paleolithic flint industry culture
000) Périgordian (35–20 ka) Gravettian (33–24 ka) Pavlovian (29–25 ka) Solutrean (22–17 ka) Epigravettian (20–10 ka) Magdalenian (17–12 ka) Hamburg (15
Baradostian_culture
Use of large stones as an artistic medium
culture Metallurgy Microblade technology Mining Prepared-core technique Solutrean industry Striking platform Tool stone Uniface Yubetsu technique Other
Megalithic_art
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