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Carbohydrate
Lactose is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose and has the molecular formula C12H22O11. Lactose makes up around 2–8% of milk (by mass). The
Lactose
Inability to digest lactose
Lactose intolerance is a lessened ability or a complete inability to digest lactose, a sugar found in dairy products. Humans vary in the amount of lactose
Lactose_intolerance
Milk with lactose removed
Lactose-free milk is a form of milk with the lactose absent, usually replaced with galactose and glucose. Lactose-free milk is usually consumed by individuals
Lactose-free_milk
Nutrient-rich liquid produced by mammals
including calcium and protein, as well as lactose and saturated fat; the enzyme lactase is needed to break down lactose. Immune factors and immune-modulating
Milk
Second month in the Julian and Gregorian calendars
February is the second month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. The month has 28 days in common years and 29 in leap years, with the 29th
February
Ability to digest milk after infancy
Lactase persistence or lactose tolerance is the continued activity of the lactase enzyme in adulthood, allowing the digestion of lactose in milk. In most mammals
Lactase_persistence
Fermented milk drink made from kefir grains
lactose down into glucose and galactose. As a result of the fermentation, lactose levels are decreased by 20–30% with respect to the initial lactose levels
Kefir
Set genes encoding proteins and enzymes for lactose metabolism
The lactose operon (lac operon) is an operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in E. coli and many other enteric bacteria. Although
Lac_operon
Milk-sugar digesting enzyme
essential to the complete digestion of whole milk. It breaks down the sugar lactose into its component parts, galactose and glucose, simple sugars that can
Lactase
Short-chain carbohydrates poorly absorbed in the small intestine
(fructans) and galactooligosaccharides (stachyose, raffinose), disaccharides (lactose), monosaccharides (fructose), and sugar alcohols (polyols), such as sorbitol
FODMAP
Food produced by bacterial fermentation of milk
people with lactose malabsorption. Lactose intolerance is a condition in which people have symptoms due to the decreased ability to digest lactose, a sugar
Yogurt
Monosaccharide sugar
through a condensation reaction, gives the disaccharide called lactose. The hydrolysis of lactose to glucose and galactose is catalyzed by the enzymes lactase
Galactose
Differential media
intestinal tract) bacteria and differentiate them based on lactose fermentation. Lactose fermenters turn red or pink on MacConkey agar, and nonfermenters
MacConkey_agar
Food product made from milk
varying degrees. Some people avoid some or all dairy products because of lactose intolerance, veganism, environmental concerns, or other reasons or beliefs
Dairy_product
Sweet-tasting, water-soluble carbohydrates
bonded monosaccharides; common examples are sucrose (glucose + fructose), lactose (glucose + galactose) and maltose (two molecules of glucose). White sugar
Sugar
Complex sugar
are simple sugars soluble in water. Three common examples are sucrose, lactose, and maltose. Disaccharides are one of the four chemical groupings of carbohydrates
Disaccharide
Dairy product made of whey
whey still contains about 50% of the milk solids, including most of the lactose and lactalbumin. Whey cheese is made from those solids, which would otherwise
Whey_cheese
improving digestibility by the fermentation breakdown of the milk sugar, lactose. There is evidence that fermented milk products have been produced since
List of fermented milk products
List_of_fermented_milk_products
DNA-binding protein
coding for proteins involved in the metabolism of lactose in bacteria. These genes are repressed when lactose is not available to the cell, ensuring that the
Lac_repressor
Alternative substance that resembles milk
particularly important to consumers who suffer from cow's milk allergies, lactose intolerances or hypercholesterolemia. Individuals who adhere to dairy-free
Milk_substitute
Series of interconnected biochemical reactions
six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or lactose) are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate, which is
Lactic_acid_fermentation
American food company
American company with headquarters in Denver, Colorado that produces cheese, lactose, whey protein and sweet whey. It is the world's largest maker of mozzarella
Leprino_Foods
Device that delivers medication to the lungs in the form of a dry powder
suggested that this may be harmful to lactose intolerant people, and some doctors advise patients not to use lactose-containing DPIs to minimize the risk
Dry-powder_inhaler
Organic compound that consists only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
mainly as table sugar (sucrose, extracted from sugarcane or sugar beets), lactose (abundant in milk), glucose and fructose, both of which occur naturally
Carbohydrate
CLED agar (cystine–lactose–electrolyte-deficient agar or medium) is a valuable non-inhibitory growth medium used in the isolation and differentiation
Cystine–lactose–electrolyte-deficient agar
Cystine–lactose–electrolyte-deficient_agar
Coconut sweet from Ferrero
surrounded by a coconut layer. It does contain lactose, making Raffaello incompatible for consumers with lactose intolerance. Ferrero factories which manufacture
Raffaello_(confection)
Substitute for milk or cream in coffee
to coffee, tea, hot chocolate, or other beverages. Most do not contain lactose and therefore are commonly described as being non-dairy products, although
Non-dairy_creamer
unable to ferment lactose. Shigella sonnei can ferment lactose, but only after prolonged incubation, so it is referred to as a late-lactose fermenter. During
Sorbitol-MacConkey_agar
2024 film by Mark Dindal
her A male Lactose Farms phone operator Alicia Grace Turrell as: Ethel, a cow at Lactose Farms and Otto's love interest A female Lactose Farms phone
The_Garfield_Movie
American brand of nutritional supplements
canola oil, and soy protein isolate. Ensure is considered lactose-free for people with lactose intolerance. In 1903, Harry C. Moores and Stanley M. Ross
Ensure
Liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained
while sour whey contains about 0.1% fat. The carbohydrates are mainly lactose. The proteins are known as lactalbumin. Whey also contains some minerals
Whey
('hydrolysed lactose') and refers to the low lactose content of HYLA milk products. Milk products with the HYLA label contain less than 1% lactose, so they
HYLA
Membrane protein
Lactose permease is a membrane protein which is a member of the major facilitator superfamily. Lactose permease can be classified as a symporter, which
Lactose_permease
Culture medium in microbiology
bacteria that ferment lactose (e.g., E. coli) from those that do not (e.g., Salmonella, Shigella). Organisms that ferment lactose appear dark/black or
Eosin_methylene_blue
Polysaccharide gum used as a food additive and thickener
in the molar ratio 2:2:1. A strain of X. campestris that will grow on lactose has been developed, which allows it to be used to process whey, a waste
Xanthan_gum
Milk protein concentrate separated out from pressurized filtration
removes protein and fat molecules; nanofiltration, which also removes lactose and larger mineral ions such as calcium; and reverse osmosis, which lets
Membrane_filtration_of_dairy
Small domesticated carnivorous mammal
cream, as they tend to avoid sweet food and milk. Most adult cats are lactose intolerant; the sugar in milk is not easily digested and may cause soft
Cat
Group of bacterial species
based on lactose fermentation abilities. Strong lactose fermenters will appear as dark blue/purple/black, and E.coli (which also ferments lactose) colonies
Coliform_bacteria
Group of open reading frames under the same regulation
factors including the availability of glucose and lactose. It can be activated by allolactose. Lactose binds to the repressor protein and prevents it from
Operon
Class of prebiotics
include: enzyme source enzyme dosage feeding stock (lactose) concentration origins of the lactose process involved (e.g. free or immobilized enzyme) reaction
Galactooligosaccharide
Enzyme that generates lactose
Lactose synthase (EC 2.4.1.22) is an enzyme that generates lactose from glucose and UDP-galactose. D-glucose + UDP-galactose UDP lactose It
Lactose_synthase
Species of bacterium
milk, the bacterium uses enzymes to produce energy molecules (ATP), from lactose. The byproduct of ATP energy production is lactic acid. The lactic acid
Lactococcus_lactis
Family of glycoside hydrolase enzymes
lactose. It is sometimes loosely referred to as lactase but that name is generally reserved for mammalian digestive enzymes that break down lactose specifically
Β-Galactosidase
Biological cell regulation mechanisms
Monod, in which some enzymes involved in lactose metabolism are expressed by E. coli only in the presence of lactose and absence of glucose. In multicellular
Regulation_of_gene_expression
Sweetened probiotic milk beverage
that live bacteria in yogurt or fermented milk improve lactose digestion in individuals with lactose maldigestion. This claim is exclusive to yogurt and
Yakult
Milk-based food product
"sweet milk", because it contains the sugar lactose and lacks lactic acid. Fermentation converts the lactose to lactic acid, which has a sour flavor. Before
Soured_milk
Naturally produced monosaccharide
Glucose can be obtained by hydrolysis of carbohydrates such as milk sugar (lactose), cane sugar (sucrose), maltose, cellulose, glycogen, etc. Dextrose is
Glucose
Physical symptom
rare cases, bloating may occur in individuals who have milk intolerance (lactose intolerance), parasite infections such as giardia, food poisoning (bacteria)
Abdominal_distension
Chemical compound
biology reagent. This compound is a molecular mimic of allolactose, a lactose metabolite that triggers transcription of the lac operon, and it is therefore
Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside
Isopropyl_β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside
Chemical compound
lactose. It consists of the monosaccharides D-galactose and D-glucose linked through a β1-6 glycosidic linkage instead of the β1-4 linkage of lactose
Allolactose
Frozen dessert
cashew, coconut, almond milk, or tofu), are available for those who are lactose intolerant, allergic to dairy protein, or vegan. Banana "nice cream" is
Ice_cream
Milk stout made in Hythe, Kent, England
contains lactose, a sugar derived from milk. Milk stout (also called sweet stout, mellow stout or cream stout) is a stout containing lactose, a sugar
Mackeson_Stout
Sweet drink of Spanish origin
Practical Guide on Lactose Intolerance. Editorial AMAT. ISBN 978-84-9735-805-7. Horchata milk, in its natural form, should not contain lactose because it is
Horchata
Medical condition
anabolism of carbohydrates, sometimes causing minor problems such as in lactose intolerance, others cause life threatening diseases such as Von Gierke's
Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism
Inborn_errors_of_carbohydrate_metabolism
Type of cellular growth
which includes genes necessary for lactose metabolism. The presence of allolactose, a metabolic product of lactose, is sensed through the activity of
Diauxic_growth
origins. Regional studies of the ability to digest lactose are also supportive. The ability to digest lactose among African adults is widespread only among
Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa
Origins_of_Hutu,_Tutsi_and_Twa
Swiss soft drink derived from milk whey
is produced from milk whey, and therefore includes ingredients such as lactose, lactic acid and minerals. Other than Switzerland, it is sold in several
Rivella
Ultra-filtered milk brand
with her husband Mike McCloskey, the ultrafiltration process removes the lactose and much of the sugar and leaves behind more of the protein and calcium
Fairlife
American media personality (born 1994)
to be lactose intolerance, as Stodden explained in a Couples Therapy bonus clip. In 2014, it was further clarified that they were not lactose intolerant
Courtney_Stodden
Treatment for constipation and hepatic encephalopathy
used medically since the 1950s. Lactulose is made from the milk sugar lactose, which is composed of two simple sugars, galactose and glucose. It is on
Lactulose
Protein supplement
Coagulation can happen by adding acid or rennet. It is a 5% solution of lactose in water and contains the water-soluble proteins of milk as well as some
Whey_protein
Chemical compound
lactate itself is not chemically similar to lactose (milk sugar), so need not be restricted by those with lactose intolerance. Sodium lactate is sometimes
Sodium_lactate
Species of fungus
lactose and convert it into lactic acid. Kluyveromyces lactis (formerly Saccharomyces lactis) is a yeast which has the ability to assimilate lactose and
Kluyveromyces_lactis
process lactose. When placed in a lactose-rich medium, it has been found that 20% of the cells mutated from Lac- (could not process lactose) to Lac+
Adaptive_mutation
Non-dairy coffee creamer made by Nestlé
Coffee-mate is a lactose-free coffee creamer manufactured by Nestlé, available in powdered, liquid and concentrated liquid forms. It was introduced in
Coffee-Mate
Traditional Swedish fermented milk product
mesenteroides. The bacteria metabolize lactose, the sugar naturally found in milk, into lactic acid, which means people who are lactose intolerant can tolerate it
Filmjölk
Genus of flowering plants in the olive family Oleaceae
forsythia flowers produce lactose, but lactose occurs only very rarely in natural sources other than milk, and attempts to find lactose in forsythia have been
Forsythia
Selective and differential agar
Salmonella and Shigella from patient specimens. HEA contains indicators of lactose fermentation and hydrogen sulfide production; as well as inhibitors to
Hektoen_enteric_agar
Chemical compound
oligosaccharides (HMOs) and is enzymatically synthesized from the substrate lactose. It is biologically relevant in the early development of the infant gut
Lacto-N-tetraose
Liquid food produced by female goats
doe milk has lactose (sugar), and may cause gastrointestinal problems for individuals with lactose intolerance. In fact, the level of lactose is similar
Goat_milk
Medical condition
behavioral issues, ataxia, tremors, and hormone deficiencies. Lactose Glucose Galactose Lactose in food (such as dairy products) is broken down by the enzyme
Galactosemia
Adverse immune reaction to cow's milk
from lactose intolerance, which is a nonallergic food sensitivity caused by the lack of the enzyme lactase in the small intestines to break lactose down
Milk_allergy
Chemical compound
required for lactose utilization, so the intensity of the color produced can be used as a measure of the enzymatic rate. Though ONPG mimics lactose and is hydrolyzed
Ortho-Nitrophenyl-β-galactoside
Ortho-Nitrophenyl-β-galactoside
Medical condition
and galactose are called simple sugars, or monosaccharides. Sucrose and lactose are called disaccharides because they are made from two simple sugars,
Glucose-galactose malabsorption
Glucose-galactose_malabsorption
Plant milk manufactured from almonds
does not contain cholesterol or lactose and is low in saturated fat. Almond milk is often consumed by those who are lactose-intolerant and others, such as
Almond_milk
Loose or liquid bowel movements
undigested lactose can produce osmotic diarrhea and distention of the bowel. A person who has lactose intolerance can have difficulty absorbing lactose after
Diarrhea
Type of plant milk made from oats
or in cases of medical conditions where dairy is incompatible, such as lactose intolerance or an allergy to cow milk. Compared to milk and other plant-based
Oat_milk
Medical diagnostic test
intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), and carbohydrate malabsorption, such as lactose, fructose, and sorbitol malabsorption. The test is a simple, non-invasive
Hydrogen_breath_test
Chemical compound
Lactitol is a disaccharide sugar alcohol produced from lactose. It is used as a replacement bulk sweetener for low calorie foods with 30–40% of the sweetness
Lactitol
Confection from Latin America
; Fox, Patrick F. (20 April 2009). Advanced Dairy Chemistry: Volume 3: Lactose, Water, Salts and Minor Constituents. Springer Science & Business Media
Dulce_de_leche
Medical condition
are many causes of bloating, including: diet, irritable bowel syndrome, lactose intolerance, reflux, and constipation. Specific medical conditions like
Bloating
Nigerian fast-moving consumer goods company
Sub-Saharan Africa. The company launched Nigeria's first lactose-free milk, catering to the lactose-intolerant population. Capri-Sun, the globally recognized
Chi_Limited
Simple sugars such as glucose and fructose
Monosaccharides are the building blocks of disaccharides (such as sucrose, lactose and maltose) and polysaccharides (such as cellulose and starch). The table
Monosaccharide
it does not itself contain milk products, it is lactose-free and suitable for people who are lactose intolerant or avoiding dairy products for other reasons
Akta-Vite
Long carbohydrate polymers such as starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin
Neuraminic acid Multiple Disaccharides Cellobiose Isomaltose Isomaltulose Lactose Lactulose Maltose Sucrose Trehalose Turanose Trisaccharides Maltotriose
Polysaccharide
Rhamnose Sorbose Sedoheptulose Talose Tagatose Xylose Xylulose Disaccharides Lactose Trehalose Turanose Maltose Neohesperidose Robinose Rutinose Sucrose (also
List_of_sugars
Petri dish with agar used to culture microbes
MacConkey agar selective. Lactose and neutral red are added to differentiate the lactose fermenters, which form pink colonies, from lactose nonfermenters that
Agar_plate
Semi-solid oily spread often used as a butter substitute
contains 215 mg of cholesterol. The small traces of lactose in butter are unlikely to cause symptoms for lactose intolerant people, but people with milk allergies
Margarine
Adverse food reactions to specific carbohydrates
adverse food reactions to dietary carbohydrates. Common examples include lactose intolerance (lack of enzyme lactase), fructose malabsorption, and sorbitol
Carbohydrate_intolerance
The PTS Lactose-N,N’-Diacetylchitobiose (Lac) Family (TC# 4.A.3) includes several sequenced lactose porters of Gram-positive bacteria, as well as the
PTS Lactose-N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose Family
PTS_Lactose-N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose_Family
Species of fungus
raffinose, sucrose and lactose into ethanol. K. marxianus is widely used in industry because of its ability to use lactose. Two genes, LAC12 and LAC4
Kluyveromyces_marxianus
Type of cheese
lactis ssp. cremoris) is introduced. These bacteria ferment the milk's lactose into lactic acid, dropping the pH over 4 to 8 hours. Coagulation: A precise
Cottage_cheese
Polysaccharide of glucose
food, and sports supplement products. It is also used as a substitute for lactose. Maltodextrin is used to improve the texture and mouthfeel of food and
Maltodextrin
French ewe's milk cheese with whey
ewe's milk. It is notable as a substitute for lactose-rich Italian ricotta, as brocciu contains less lactose. Produced on the island of Corsica, brocciu
Brocciu
Class of proteins allowing diffusion of molecules in or out of a cell
of specific solutes in or out of the cell. Some permeases, such as the lactose permease LacY, use an existing electrochemical gradient to perform active
Permease
Concentrated milk product of 40-90% milk protein
fractionated using ultrafiltration to make a skim concentrate that is lactose-reduced. This process separates milk components according to their molecular
Milk_protein_concentrate
Confectionery product made by Mars
cocoa butter, glucose syrup, barley malt extract, cocoa mass, palm fat, lactose, demineralised whey powder, milk fat, wheat flour, emulsifiers (E442, soya
Maltesers
Yogurt thickened by draining whey
to unstrained yogurt. Since the straining process removes some of the lactose, strained yogurt is lower in sugar than unstrained yogurt. It was reported
Strained_yogurt
Italian cheese
make it a highly digestible product. In addition, Grana Padano is nearly lactose-free due to the characteristics of its production and ageing process, which
Grana_Padano
Species of bacterium
non-motile, encapsulated, lactose-fermenting, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. It appears as a mucoid lactose fermenter on MacConkey agar
Klebsiella_pneumoniae
LACTOSE
LACTOSE
LACTOSE
LACTOSE
Female
English
Pet form of English Kimberly, KIMMY means "King's City Meadow."
Boy/Male
Norse Swedish
Damor of weapons.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Shiv God
Male
English
English form of Latin Ambrosius, AMBROSE means "immortal."
Boy/Male
Indian, Marathi
Lord Ganesha
Boy/Male
African, Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Parsi
Great Congo; Belief; Custom; Religion; Day
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Full of Effulgence
Girl/Female
Ukrainian
Rebirth.
Boy/Male
Norse
Spear of the gods.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Doing; Accomplishing; Praising
LACTOSE
LACTOSE
LACTOSE
LACTOSE
LACTOSE
n.
A common variety of sugar found in the juices of many plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, sugar maple, beet root, etc. It is extracted as a sweet, white crystalline substance which is valuable as a food product, and, being antiputrescent, is largely used in the preservation of fruit. Called also saccharose, cane sugar, etc. By extension, any one of the class of isomeric substances (as lactose, maltose, etc.) of which sucrose proper is the type.
n.
Sugar of milk or milk sugar; a crystalline sugar present in milk, and separable from the whey by evaporation and crystallization. It has a slightly sweet taste, is dextrorotary, and is much less soluble in water than either cane sugar or glucose. Formerly called lactin.
n.
A white, sugarlike substance, C6H8.(OH)2, occurring naturally in a manna from Madagascar, and in certain plants, and produced artificially by the reduction of galactose and lactose or milk sugar.
n.
See Galactose.
n.
A white, crystalline sugar, C6H12O6, isomeric with dextrose, obtained by the decomposition of milk sugar, and also from certain gums. When oxidized it forms mucic acid. Called also lactose (though it is not lactose proper).
n.
See Lactose.
a.
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the oxidation of milk sugar (lactose).