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Magnetic analogue of the electric dipole
magnetic dipole for sufficiently large distances from the magnet. The strength of a magnetic dipole is determined by a single property: its magnetic dipole
Magnetic_dipole
Direct interaction between two magnetic dipoles
Magnetic dipole–dipole interaction, also called dipolar coupling or dipolar interaction, refers to the direct interaction between two magnetic dipoles
Magnetic dipole–dipole interaction
Magnetic_dipole–dipole_interaction
Concept in the physics of electromagnetism
In electromagnetism, the magnetic moment or magnetic dipole moment is a vector quantity which characterizes the strength and orientation of a magnet or
Magnetic_moment
Electromagnetic phenomenon
their electric dipole moment. The same is true of magnetic dipoles with magnetic fields. Further, the equations for the magnetic dipole are nearly identical
Dipole
Property of space that quantifies the magnetic influence at a given location
notation, the force, F of a magnetic dipole m1 on the magnetic dipole m2 is: The magnetic dipole–dipole interaction (vector form, SI units) F = 3 μ 0 4 π
Magnetic_field
Value in quantum electrodynamics
particle. The magnetic moment, also called magnetic dipole moment, is a measure of the strength of a magnetic source. The "Dirac" magnetic moment, corresponding
Anomalous magnetic dipole moment
Anomalous_magnetic_dipole_moment
Intrinsic quantum property of particles
spin can possess a magnetic dipole moment, just like a rotating electrically charged body in classical electrodynamics. These magnetic moments can be experimentally
Spin_(physics)
Force due to magnetic field
most elementary force between magnets is the magnetic dipole–dipole interaction. If all magnetic dipoles for each magnet are known then the net force
Force_between_magnets
Spin of an electron
atomic physics, the electron magnetic moment, or more specifically the electron magnetic dipole moment, is the magnetic moment of an electron resulting
Electron_magnetic_moment
Statement on equilibrium in electromagnetism
dipole moment – that is, it would hold for an electric dipole. But if the theorem holds for an electric dipole, then it will also hold for a magnetic
Earnshaw's_theorem
Radiation description framework
from a magnetic dipole behaves like the magnetic field from an electric dipole. Taking the transformations E Electric dipole → Z 0 H Magnetic dipole H Electric
Multipole_radiation
Class of physical phenomena
"mediated" by the magnetic field. An electric current or magnetic dipole creates a magnetic field, and that field, in turn, imparts magnetic forces on other
Magnetism
Type of structure in atomic physics
structure arises from the energy of the nuclear magnetic dipole moment interacting with the magnetic field generated by the electrons and the energy of
Hyperfine_structure
Satellite system
electromagnetic coils. The magnetorquer creates a magnetic dipole that interfaces with an ambient magnetic field, usually Earth's, so that the counter-forces
Magnetorquer
Simplest type of magnet
A dipole magnet is the simplest type of magnet. It has two poles, one north and one south. Its magnetic field lines form simple closed loops which emerge
Dipole_magnet
Electric and magnetic fields produced by moving charged objects
will have a dipole characteristic that is dominated by either a changing electric dipole, or a changing magnetic dipole. This type of dipole field near
Electromagnetic_field
Nuclear fusion reactor design concept
levitated dipole is a type of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion power reactor design usually using a superconducting torus that is magnetically levitated
Levitated_dipole
Magnetic moment of an atomic nucleus
nuclear magnetic moment is the magnetic moment of an atomic nucleus and arises from the spin of the protons and neutrons. It is mainly a magnetic dipole moment;
Nuclear_magnetic_moment
Object that has a magnetic field
SI units, the strength of the magnetic B field is given in teslas. A magnet's magnetic moment (also called magnetic dipole moment and usually denoted μ)
Magnet
Mechanism by which materials form into and are attracted to magnets
differences associated with the magnetic dipole–dipole interaction due to dipole orientation, which tends to align the dipoles antiparallel. In certain doped
Ferromagnetism
theory. Magnetic dipole transitions describe the dominant effect of the coupling of the magnetic dipole moment of the electron to the magnetic part of
Magnetic_dipole_transition
to 0.60 G). As an approximation, it is represented by a field of a magnetic dipole currently tilted at an angle of about 11° with respect to Earth's rotational
Earth's_magnetic_field
Subatomic particle
observed. The anomalous magnetic dipole moment is the difference between the experimentally observed value of the magnetic dipole moment and the theoretical
Muon
Region around an astronomical object
object's magnetic field. It is created by a celestial body with an active interior dynamo. In the space environment close to a planetary body with a dipole magnetic
Magnetosphere
Spectroscopic technique based on change of nuclear spin state
interact with the magnetic field in the spectrometer, the nucleus must have an intrinsic angular momentum and nuclear magnetic dipole moment. This occurs
Nuclear_magnetic_resonance
Topics referred to by the same term
Electron electric dipole moment, the measure of the charge distribution within an electron Magnetic dipole moment, the measure of the magnetic polarity of a
Dipole_moment
Region of a magnetic material in which the magnetization has uniform direction
study of magnetic domains is called micromagnetics. Magnetic domains form in materials which have magnetic ordering; that is, their dipoles spontaneously
Magnetic_domain
Quantum operator for the sum of energies of a system
\cdot \mathbf {E} =-q\mathbf {\hat {r}} \cdot \mathbf {E} } For a magnetic dipole moment μ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\mu }}} in a uniform, magnetostatic
Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
Hamiltonian_(quantum_mechanics)
Quantum mechanical effect
quantum mechanics, magnetic resonance is a resonant effect that can appear when a magnetic dipole is exposed to a static magnetic field and perturbed
Magnetic resonance (quantum mechanics)
Magnetic_resonance_(quantum_mechanics)
Verifying quantum electrodynamics by measuring the fine-structure constant
measurement of the anomalous magnetic dipole moment, and A precise theoretical calculation of the anomalous magnetic dipole moment in terms of α. As of
Precision_tests_of_QED
Number describing angular momentum along an axis
term magnetic in the name refers to the magnetic dipole moment associated with each type of angular momentum, so states having different magnetic quantum
Magnetic_quantum_number
Region where Earth's magnetic field is weakest relative to an idealised dipole
with its magnetic dipole. The SAA is the near-Earth region where Earth's magnetic field is weakest relative to an idealized Earth-centered dipole field.
South_Atlantic_Anomaly
Measure of positive and negative charges
in its dipole moment being zero. Anomalous magnetic dipole moment Bond dipole moment Neutron electric dipole moment Electron electric dipole moment Nuclear
Electric_dipole_moment
Simple approximation of Earth's magnetic field
The dipole model of Earth's magnetic field is a first order approximation of the rather complex true Earth's magnetic field. Due to effects of the interplanetary
Dipole model of Earth's magnetic field
Dipole_model_of_Earth's_magnetic_field
Energy from the work of a magnetic force
U_{\text{m}}} which will act to "realign" the magnetic dipole with the magnetic field. In an electronic circuit the magnetic energy, U m {\displaystyle U_{\text{m}}}
Magnetic_energy
Type of electromagnetic dipole
of the electric and magnetic multipole moments. While electric dipoles can be understood as separated charges and magnetic dipoles as circular currents
Toroidal_moment
Physical quantity, density of magnetic moment per volume
induced magnetic dipole moments in a magnetic material. Accordingly, physicists and engineers usually define magnetization as the quantity of magnetic moment
Magnetization
Term from classical mechanics
concept of magnetic dipoles in classical electrodynamics. Every electric current possesses a (pseudo)vectorial quantity called a magnetic dipole moment about
Areal_velocity
scattering), spin-dependent nuclear scattering (incoherent scattering), and magnetic dipole interactions between the neutron and dipolar field of unpaired electrons
Neutron_spectroscopy
Device that measures magnetism
measures magnetic field (B) or magnetic dipole moment. Different types of magnetometers measure the direction, strength, or relative change of the magnetic B-field
Magnetometer
Hypothetical particle with one magnetic pole
described by the magnetic dipole term of the multipole expansion. The term dipole means two poles, corresponding to the fact that a dipole magnet typically
Magnetic_monopole
Mercury's small magnetic field
Mercury's magnetic field (or the Hermean magnetic field) is approximately a magnetic dipole, apparently global, on the planet of Mercury. Data from Mariner 10
Mercury's_magnetic_field
Poles of a best fit to the Earth's field
a dipole at all. In contrast to the geomagnetic poles, the observed magnetic poles or dip poles of the Earth are places where the actual magnetic field
Geomagnetic_pole
Foundational law of classical magnetism
magnetic monopoles do not exist. Rather than "magnetic charges", the basic entity for magnetism is the magnetic dipole. (If monopoles were ever found, the law
Gauss's_law_for_magnetism
In physics, proton and neutron magnetism
The nucleon magnetic moments are the intrinsic magnetic dipole moments of the proton and neutron, symbols μp and μn . The nucleus of an atom comprises
Nucleon_magnetic_moment
Physical model of propagating energy
oscillating magnetic field moves nearby magnetic dipoles, inducing an oscillating magnetization, creating an induced oscillating magnetic field. These
Electromagnetic_radiation
Many kinds of magnetic interactions are measured by MFM, including magnetic dipole–dipole interaction. MFM scanning often uses non-contact atomic force microscopy
Magnetic_force_microscope
Instrument for detecting variations in the Earth's magnetic field
target-based methods, which generally model a ferromagnetic object as a magnetic dipole, and noise-based methods, which use statistical analysis to identify
Magnetic_anomaly_detector
Tendency of matter subjected to an electric field to acquire an electric dipole moment
local field. Magnetic polarizability likewise refers to the tendency for a magnetic dipole moment to appear in proportion to an external magnetic field. Electric
Polarizability
Surface integral of the magnetic field
specifically electromagnetism, the magnetic flux through a surface is the surface integral of the normal component of the magnetic field B over that surface.
Magnetic_flux
Production of voltage by a varying magnetic field
induction or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field. Michael
Electromagnetic_induction
Magnetic analog of electric potential valid outside materials
only within dipoles and in magnets with a total magnetic charge sum of zero. The energy of a localized magnetic charge qm in a magnetic scalar potential
Magnetic_scalar_potential
Amount of charge flowing through a unit cross-sectional area per unit time
{\partial \mathbf {P} }{\partial t}}} Similarly with magnetic materials, circulations of the magnetic dipole moments per unit volume, i.e. the magnetization
Current_density
Flow of magnetic monopole charge
diameter dipole antenna. The voltage source and feed line impedance are subsumed into the magnetic current density. In this case, the magnetic current
Magnetic_current
Fundamental interaction between charged particles
atoms to combine into molecules. Meanwhile, magnetic interactions between the spin and angular momentum magnetic moments of electrons also play a role in
Electromagnetism
Ability of magnetization
thus changing the magnetic dipole moment in the direction opposing the external field. Diamagnets are materials with a magnetic permeability less than
Permeability (electromagnetism)
Permeability_(electromagnetism)
Scattering of an electromagnetic plane wave by a sphere
the electric dipole to scattering predominates in the optical range, while for a silicon particle there are pronounced magnetic dipole and quadrupole
Mie_scattering
Medical imaging technique
Magnetization builds up along the z-axis in the presence of a magnetic field, B0, such that the magnetic dipoles in the sample will, on average, align with the z-axis
Magnetic_resonance_imaging
Change in temperature due to a magnetic field
material, except that magnetic dipoles overcome a decreasing external magnetic field while energy remains constant, instead of magnetic domains being disrupted
Magnetocaloric_effect
Ratio of magnetic moment and angular momentum
explained by quantum electrodynamics calculation of the anomalous magnetic dipole moment. The measured value, −2.00231930436092(36) is known to extraordinary
G-factor_(physics)
Type of radio antenna consisting of a loop or coil
produced by an electrically small loop are the same as an "infinitesimal magnetic dipole" whose axis is perpendicular to the plane of the loop. Because of their
Loop_antenna
Point on Earth's Southern Hemisphere
is the south pole of an ideal dipole model of Earth's magnetic field that most closely fits Earth's actual magnetic field. For historical reasons, the
South_magnetic_pole
Suspension of objects by magnetic force
the magnetic field and the area of the magnets. For example, the simplest example of lift would be a simple dipole magnet positioned in the magnetic fields
Magnetic_levitation
Type of lepton that orbits an atom on its own
has a magnetic dipole moment, while an electron pair has no dipole moment because the two electrons have opposite spins so their magnetic dipole fields
Unpaired_electron
Magnetic field within the Solar System
than originally anticipated. If space were a vacuum, then the Sun's magnetic dipole field — about 10−4 teslas at the surface of the Sun[citation needed]
Interplanetary_magnetic_field
have a macroscopic magnetic moment of about 0.1 J/T. Stanford Magnets (2024-06-03). "Magnetization Features: Magnetic Moment, Dipole, and Models". Retrieved
Orders of magnitude (magnetic moment)
Orders_of_magnitude_(magnetic_moment)
Degree to which a material becomes magnetized in an applied magnetic field
the material (the magnetic dipole moment per unit volume), with unit amperes per meter, and H is the strength of the auxiliary magnetic field, also with
Magnetic_susceptibility
Angle made with the horizontal by Earth's magnetic field lines
{\displaystyle \nabla ^{2}\phi _{c}=0} . Solving to leading order gives the magnetic dipole potential ϕ c = m ⋅ r 4 π r 3 {\displaystyle \phi _{c}={\frac {{\textbf
Magnetic_dip
Movement of an object's magnetic moment axis about a magnetic field
the magnetic dipole moment, J → {\displaystyle {\vec {J}}} is the angular momentum vector, B → {\displaystyle {\vec {B}}} is the external magnetic field
Larmor_precession
Spectral line of hydrogen state transition in UHF radio frequencies
it. The magnetic dipole moments are therefore best thought of as tiny current loops. As parallel currents attract, the parallel magnetic dipole moments
Hydrogen_line
Resistance to magnetic flux
Magnetic reluctance, or magnetic resistance, is a concept used in the analysis of magnetic circuits. It is defined as the ratio of magnetomotive force
Magnetic_reluctance
Relativistic interaction in quantum physics
levels, due to electromagnetic interaction between the electron's magnetic dipole, its orbital motion, and the electrostatic field of the positively
Spin–orbit_interaction
Recording of data on a magnetizable medium
a single true magnetic domain. Each magnetic region in total forms a magnetic dipole which generates a magnetic field. In older hard disk drive (HDD)
Magnetic_storage
Ratio of magnetic moment to angular momentum
symmetry. According to the laws of classical physics, it has both a magnetic dipole moment due to the movement of charge and an angular momentum due to
Gyromagnetic_ratio
Fusion power experiment
external field would interact with the dipole field, suspending the dipole. The magnetic field produce by the floating dipole magnet is used to confine the plasma
Levitated_Dipole_Experiment
Antenna consisting of two rod-shaped conductors
the far-field electric and magnetic fields generated by a short dipole we use the result shown below for the Hertzian dipole (an infinitesimal current
Dipole_antenna
Physical constant
not being Dirac particles, their magnetic moments differ from μN: μp = 2.793 μN μn = −1.913 μN The magnetic dipole moment of the electron, which is much
Nuclear_magneton
Mechanism by which a celestial body generates a magnetic field
of the magnetic orientation of minerals in rocks. In order to maintain the magnetic field against ohmic decay (which would occur for the dipole field in
Dynamo_theory
particle's magnetic dipole moment changes its direction, whereas the electric dipole moment is unchanged. Under parity, the electric dipole moment changes
CP_violating_moments
Law of electrical current and voltage
differs from the E-field in the lab frame: E′ = E + v × B. Electric and magnetic fields are relative, see Lorentz transformation. If the current J is alternating
Ohm's_law
Magnetic interaction between an electron and a nucleus
the energy of the interaction, μn is the nuclear magnetic moment, μe is the electron magnetic dipole moment, Ψ(0) is the value of the electron wavefunction
Fermi_contact_interaction
Statistical model in quantum mechanics of magnetic materials
represents a microscopic magnetic dipole to which the magnetic moment is either up or down. Except the coupling between magnetic dipole moments, there is also
Quantum_Heisenberg_model
Largest moon of Jupiter
intrinsic magnetic moment, Ganymede has an induced dipole magnetic field. Its existence is connected with the variation of the Jovian magnetic field near
Ganymede_(moon)
Type of coupling used in NMR spectroscopy
nuclear physics, J-couplings (also called spin-spin coupling or indirect dipole–dipole coupling) are mediated through chemical bonds connecting two spins.
J-coupling
Property of electrical conductors
flowing through it. The electric current produces a magnetic field around the conductor. The magnetic field strength depends on the magnitude of the electric
Inductance
Force acting on charged particles in electric and magnetic fields
Lorentz force is the force exerted on a charged particle by electric and magnetic fields. It determines how charged particles move in electromagnetic environments
Lorentz_force
Quasiparticles arising from EM wave coupling
strong coupling of electromagnetic waves (photon) with an electric or magnetic dipole-carrying excitation (state) of solid or liquid matter (such as a phonon
Polariton
Type of magnetic phenomenon
applied field aligns with the magnetic dipoles, it causes a net magnetic dipole moment and causes the magnetic dipoles to precess at a frequency controlled
Ferrimagnetism
Quantum number parameterizing spin and angular momentum
in-homogeneous magnetic field, the force moment in the magnetic field influences the electron's dipole until its position matches the direction of the stronger
Spin_quantum_number
Electrical conductivity with exactly zero resistance
superconductors: materials where electrical resistance is exactly zero and magnetic fields are expelled from the material. Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor
Superconductivity
Seventh planet from the Sun
magnetic field of Earth is roughly as strong at either pole, and its "magnetic equator" is roughly parallel with its geographical equator. The dipole
Uranus
Quantity in electromagnetism
electromagnetism, magnetic vector potential (often denoted A) is the vector quantity defined so that its curl is equal to the magnetic field, B: ∇ × A =
Magnetic_vector_potential
Weak, attractive magnetism possessed by most elements and some compounds
to their spin, unpaired electrons have a magnetic dipole moment and act like tiny magnets. An external magnetic field causes the electrons' spins to align
Paramagnetism
Measurand in NMR spectroscopy
leads to an incomplete averaging of anisotropic magnetic interactions such as the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction (also called dipolar coupling), the
Residual_dipolar_coupling
Mathematical model for a quantum system
rotors that interact through short-range dipole-dipole magnetic forces originating from their magnetic dipole moments (neglecting Coulomb forces). The
Quantum_rotor_model
Set of basis functions
projection of a magnetic dipole field in a given direction at points along an arbitrary line. They are useful in the study of magnetic anomaly detection
Anderson_function
English chemist and physicist (1791–1867)
most influential scientists in history. It was by his research on the magnetic field around a conductor carrying a direct current that Faraday established
Michael_Faraday
Basic law of electromagnetism
electromagnetism, Faraday's law of induction describes how a changing magnetic field can induce an electric current in a circuit. This phenomenon, known
Faraday's_law_of_induction
Arrangement that creates a quadrupole field of some sort
the dipole moment and gives a quadrupole moment, and its field will decrease at large distances faster than that of a dipole. An example of a magnetic quadrupole
Quadrupole
SI derived unit of power
the effective radiated power. This refers to the power that a half-wave dipole antenna would need to radiate to match the intensity of the transmitter's
Watt
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