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General theory of instructional design developed by Andrew S. Gibbons
Model-centered instruction is a general theory of instructional design developed by Andrew S. Gibbons. This theory can be used to design individual and
Model-centered_instruction
Process for design and development of learning resources
of Model Centered Instruction; a theory rooted in Cognitive Psychology. Heinich, Robert – Instructional Media and the new technologies of instruction 3rd
Instructional_design
Type of simulation
Gibbons (Model-Centered Instruction) suggest that simulations in and of themselves are not instructional. Rather, a simulation only becomes instructional when
Instructional_simulation
Instructional theory created by M. David Merrill
Principles of Instruction is similar to other task-centered instructional theories (e.g. Van Merriënboer's Four Component Instructional Design Model) in that
First Principles of Instruction
First_Principles_of_Instruction
Type of machine learning model
it was found that the base GPT-3 model can generate an instruction based on user input. The generated instruction along with user input is then used
Large_language_model
American instructional design and technology practitioner
not media resources. Model-centered instruction proposes that the most appropriate form of content is a dynamic interactive model and that experiencing
Andrew_S._Gibbons
Training methods used after LLM pretraining
included. In training-centered usage, a pretrained or base model is further optimized with structured data such as instruction-response pairs, comparisons
Post-training of large language models
Post-training_of_large_language_models
Instructional systems design framework
Forest: The ADDIE Model: Instructional Design, Educational Technology Molenda, Michael (May–June 2003). "In Search of the Elusive ADDIE Model" (PDF). Performance
ADDIE_model
Methods of teaching
Student-centered learning, also known as learner-centered education, broadly encompasses methods of teaching that shift the focus of instruction from the
Student-centered_learning
Large language model by Meta AI (2023–2026)
only a foundation model, starting with Llama 2, Meta AI released instruction fine-tuned versions alongside foundation models. Model weights for the first
Llama_(language_model)
Teaching by lecture or demonstration
direct instruction in resource rooms to assist with homework completion and academic remediation. DISTAR was a specific direct instruction model developed
Direct_instruction
Support given to a student by an instructor
specifically tailored to each student; this instructional approach allows students to experience student-centered learning, which tends to facilitate more
Instructional_scaffolding
Artificial intelligence model developed by TypeSafe AI
Jev is a proprietary artificial intelligence model developed by TypeSafe AI, a San Francisco–based company founded in 2024. It was released in limited
Jev_(AI_model)
Theory that offers explicit guidance on how to better help people learn and develop
Post-industrial Paradigm of Instruction: Learner centered vs. teacher centered instruction – with respect to the focus, instruction can be based on the capability
Instructional_theory
Framework or philosophy for effective teaching
Differentiated instruction and assessment, also known as differentiated learning or, in education, simply differentiation, is a framework or philosophy
Differentiated_instruction
American education researcher specializing in instructional design and technology
instructional designers develop instructional materials that can enhance the instructional and learning process. It is a task-centered instructional theory
M._David_Merrill
Framework of processes with focus on users, uses, and tasks
Extreme users Flexibility–usability tradeoff Human-centered computing Human-centered systems Human-centered design Information architecture Interaction design
User-centered_design
Principles and methods used by teachers to enable student learning
broadly classified into teacher-centered and student-centered, but in practice teachers will often adapt instruction by moving back and forth between
Teaching_method
Supplemental instruction (SI) is an academic support model that uses peer learning to improve university student retention and student success in high-attrition
Supplemental_instruction
Series of large language models developed by Google AI
XXL. The T5 model itself is an encoder-decoder model, allowing it to be used for instruction following. The encoder encodes the instruction, and the decoder
T5_(language_model)
+ 32 KB instruction) per core. L2 cache: 1 MB per core. Models with Zen 4c cores (codenamed Phoenix 2) support 14 PCIe 4.0 lanes, while models without
List_of_AMD_Ryzen_processors
Learning method
instruction and lecturing, with passive learning being the result or intended outcome of the instruction. This style of learning is teacher-centered and
Passive_learning
CPU optimization unit
Fetching the instruction opcodes from program memory well in advance is known as prefetching and it is served by using a prefetch input queue (PIQ). The
Prefetch_input_queue
High-end IBM computer model from 1960s
Execution of Computer Instructions". Archived from the original on 2023-12-21. Retrieved 2023-12-21. "IBM Archives: System/360 Model 91". IBM. 23 January
IBM_System/360_Model_91
Instructional strategy and a type of blended learning
problem sets. The flipped classroom intentionally shifts instruction to a learner-centered model, in which students are often initially introduced to new
Flipped_classroom
Technical communication document
A user guide, user manual, owner's manual or instruction manual is intended to assist users in using a particular product, service or application. It
User_guide
Instruction-following large language model developed at Stanford University
Stanford Alpaca is an instruction-following large language model developed by researchers at Stanford University. Released in March 2023, it was created
Stanford_Alpaca
Term in education
standardized and centered around the needs and efficiencies of classroom and teacher management. Active learning is a model of instruction that focuses the
Learning_environment
American private school network
proprietary instructional model called 2 Hour Learning, which replaces traditional teachers with "guides" and relies on software-based instruction. Tuition
Alpha_School
Educational position
management and charisma. During the 1990s, a strong instructional leadership model was still at the center of the educational leadership discussion, because
Instructional_leadership
Family of RISC-based computer architectures
as arm) is a family of RISC instruction set architectures for computer processors. Arm Holdings develops the instruction set architecture and licenses
ARM_architecture_family
36-bit computer by Digital (1966–1983)
changes to the instruction set. The two versions are effectively different CPUs. The first operating system that takes advantage of the Model B's capabilities
PDP-10
64-bit RISC instruction set architecture
microprocessors Alpha (originally Alpha AXP) is a 64-bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Digital Equipment
DEC_Alpha
Method for goal setting and problem solving
The GROW model (or process) is a simple method for goal setting and problem solving. It was developed in the United Kingdom and has been used extensively
GROW_model
Large language model designed for reasoning tasks
Reasoning language models (RLMs) or large reasoning models (LRMs) are large language models that are trained to solve tasks that require several steps
Reasoning_model
the abstract models to the common notion of computer. But unlike actual computers the RASP model usually has a very simple instruction set, greatly reduced
Random-access stored-program machine
Random-access_stored-program_machine
Family of large language models by Google
Gemma is a series of source-available large language models developed by Google DeepMind. It is based on similar technologies as Gemini. The first version
Gemma_(language_model)
Instructional model of a computer
an instructional model of a computer, created by professor Stuart Madnick in 1965. The LMC is generally used to teach students, because it models a simple
Little_Man_Computer
Abstract model of computation
computational-machine model identical to a multiple-register counter machine with the addition of indirect addressing. At the discretion of instruction from its finite-state
Random-access_machine
Instructional strategy and educational philosophy
emphasized individualized instruction and student-paced learning over rigid course completion. These attempts were centered around student proficiency
Mastery_learning
Computer architecture to aid parallelism
Very long instruction word (VLIW) is a type of instruction set architecture designed to exploit instruction-level parallelism (ILP) by explicitly specifying
Very_long_instruction_word
Learner centric pedagogy
can be a used as part of teacher-centered passive learning although in practice it is used more in student-centered active learning environments, including
Phenomenon-based_learning
2024 science fiction novel by Adrian Tchaikovsky
Service Model is a 2024 satirical science fiction novel by British author Adrian Tchaikovsky. The novel tells the story of a robotic valet who murders
Service_Model
Type of abstract computing machine
primitive and reduced theoretical model of computer hardware. This machine lacks indirect addressing, and instructions are in the finite state machine in
Register_machine
IBM computer family (1964–1977)
but the only partially compatible Model 44 and the most expensive systems use microcode to implement the instruction set, which used 8-bit byte addressing
IBM_System/360
Type of parallel processing
Single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) is a type of parallel computing (processing) in Flynn's taxonomy. SIMD describes computers with multiple processing
Single instruction, multiple data
Single_instruction,_multiple_data
Hypothetical computing devices
Davis, adding an explicit HALT instruction to one of the machines discussed by Wang, used a model with the instruction-set { SHIFT-LEFT, SHIFT-RIGHT,
Turing_machine_equivalents
Large language model developed by Google
Gemini is a family of multimodal large language models (LLMs) developed by Google DeepMind, and the successor to LaMDA and PaLM 2. Comprising Gemini Pro
Gemini_(language_model)
Processor with instructions capable of multi-step operations
A complex instruction set computer (CISC /ˈsɪsk/) is a computer architecture in which single instructions can execute several low-level operations (such
Complex instruction set computer
Complex_instruction_set_computer
Physical setting for a learning environment
direct instruction are teacher-centered pedagogies that are characterized as 'sage on the stage'. They are the most common form of instruction in historic
Learning_space
Computation model defining an abstract machine
random-access memory. Turing completeness is the ability for a model of computation or a system of instructions to simulate a Turing machine. A programming language
Turing_machine
Concept in psychology
According to the model of the five stages of grief, or the Kübler-Ross model, those experiencing sudden grief following an abrupt realization (shock)
Five_stages_of_grief
was a researcher in the field of Instructional Design. He was the main contributor to the Kemp Instructional Design Model. Kemp was born on 23 April 1921
Jerrold_Kemp
Steps of using content based instruction for second language learners
methodology. There is no single formula for this type of instruction but there are certain models of CBI which are used worldwide to achieve a holistic and
Content-based_instruction
Anchored Instruction is a technology centered learning approach, which falls under the social constructionism paradigm. It is a form of situated learning
Anchored_Instruction
Design philosophy with focus on goals and tasks
the users internal model (i.e., match user expectations). In contrast, the 'use-centered' approach is based on a triadic semiotic model that includes the
Use-centered_design
Instruction for x86 microprocessors
the x86 architecture, the CPUID instruction (identified by a CPUID opcode) is a processor supplementary instruction (its name derived from "CPU Identification")
CPUID
Highlighting a theme for teaching purposes
teaching (also known as thematic instruction) is the selecting and highlighting of a theme through an instructional unit or module, course, or multiple
Thematic_learning
installations, plus to draw attention to the instruction pedagogy as well as the space, the name has become "Student-Centered Active Learning Environment with Upside-down
SCALE-UP
1967 essay by Roland Barthes
a model of information literacy instruction for librarians extends Barthes' idea of deemphasizing author-centered ways of understanding texts by promoting
The_Death_of_the_Author
Use of technology in education to enhance learning and teaching
authoring tools and learning platforms. Education portal ADDIE Model – Instructional systems design frameworkPages displaying short descriptions of redirect
Educational_technology
and ideas. A model library instruction program utilizes complementary tools and resources to deliver memorable, interactive instruction. These resources
Library_instruction
2023). "Alpaca: A Strong, Replicable Instruction-Following Model". Stanford Center for Research on Foundation Models. Stanford University. Archived from
List_of_large_language_models
Revolver
Model 625-9 .45 Colt S&W Model 625-10 .45 ACP Scandium Frame Performance Center S&W Model 625-11 .45 Colt Scandium Frame Performance Center S&W Model
Smith_&_Wesson_Model_625
American car (1908–1927)
The Ford Model T is an automobile that was produced by the Ford Motor Company from October 1, 1908, to May 26, 1927. It is generally regarded as the first
Ford_Model_T
Abstract machine used in a formal logic and theoretical computer science
successor RAM model. Uses instruction set (2) by e.g. Schönhage as a base for his RAM0 and RAM1 models that lead to his pointer machine SMM model, also discussed
Counter_machine
Constructing product by means of computer
was intended to be located from the center of the part, the operator should locate it from the center of the model. The feature could be located using
Computer-aided_design
1st century Christian Gnostic thinker
James-centered transmission of secret teaching. The text thereby serves to legitimate a lineage in which James is portrayed as receiving direct instruction
Theudas (teacher of Valentinus)
Theudas_(teacher_of_Valentinus)
Sun-centered astronomical model
Heliocentrism (also known as the heliocentric model) is a superseded astronomical model that placed the Sun at the center of the universe, with the Earth and the
Heliocentrism
Approach to design that considers human needs at every step of development
and safety and human-centered methods can reduce these risks (e.g. musculoskeletal risks). Systems designed using human-centered methods improve quality
Human-centered_design
Statistical model of language
A language model is a computational model that predicts sequences in natural language. Language models are useful for a variety of tasks, including speech
Language_model
Private university in Benghazi, Libya
maintaining its legacy. LIMU implemented the problem-based learning (PBL)model of instruction. LIMU is the only medical school in Libya using this approach, and
Libyan International Medical University
Libyan_International_Medical_University
Educational curriculum development center
program, BSCS Biology: Understanding for Life, which includes a new instructional model called Anchored Inquiry Learning. During the Cold War, in 1957, the
BSCS_Science_Learning
Image-generation models developed by OpenAI
GPT Image is a series of image generation and editing models developed by OpenAI. A text-to-image variant of the GPT family, it uses deep learning methodologies
GPT_Image
Consortium on US state education
instruction for the next year. This test has been administered annually in WIDA member states beginning in the 2005–06 academic year. The WIDA MODEL assessment
WIDA_Consortium
American modeling and acting school
operates centers in over 200 cities across the United States. Most Barbizon locations serve students aged 8 to 19, with weekend instruction over six months
Barbizon Modeling and Acting School
Barbizon_Modeling_and_Acting_School
Societal failure to adapt to disabilities
The social model of disability proposes that people are disabled by systemic barriers, negative attitudes, and social exclusion, rather than by their
Social_model_of_disability
Standardized AI performance test
Luan, Yi; Zhou, Denny; Hou, Le (2023-11-14). "Instruction-Following Evaluation for Large Language Models". arXiv:2311.07911 [cs.CL]. Zheng, Lianmin; Chiang
Language_model_benchmark
Form of active learning
Foundation, methods, and models. In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models. A new paradigm of instructional theory Volume II (pp
Inquiry-based_learning
Study of reading and its acquisition
Research Center survey of more than 530 professors of reading instruction, only 22 percent said their philosophy of teaching early reading centered on explicit
Science_of_reading
Chinese artificial intelligence company
artificial intelligence (AI) company that develops open weights large language models (LLMs). Based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, DeepSeek is owned and funded by High-Flyer
DeepSeek
Approach to mathematical education
Cognitively Guided Instruction is "a professional development program based on an integrated program of research on (a) the development of students' mathematical
Cognitively Guided Instruction
Cognitively_Guided_Instruction
Pedagogical approach
Task-based language teaching (TBLT), also known as task-based instruction (TBI), focuses on the use of authentic language to complete meaningful tasks
Task-based_language_teaching
Approach to teaching children to read
love of books and engaging reading materials; meaning-centered whole– to part-to-whole instruction where phonics are taught contextually in embedded phonics
Whole_language
64-bit extension of x86 architecture
x86_64, x64 and, rarely, Intel 64) is a 64-bit extension of the x86 instruction set. It was announced in 1999 and first available in the AMD Opteron
X86-64
Machine learning technique
Leike, Jan; Lowe, Ryan (31 October 2022). Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback. Thirty-Sixth Conference on Neural Information
Reinforcement learning from human feedback
Reinforcement_learning_from_human_feedback
2023 book on higher education
issues. Smith argues that the current model of higher education, characterized by scarcity in enrollment, instruction, and credentialing, is unsustainable
The_Abundant_University
Research institute located in Sofia, Bulgaria
model merging techniques to enhance cultural and linguistic capabilities in Ukrainian while preserving English performance. The model is instruction-tuned
Institute for Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence and Technology
Institute_for_Computer_Science,_Artificial_Intelligence_and_Technology
French artificial intelligence company
Mistral Small 4, a hybrid multimodal model that combines instruction following, reasoning and coding capabilities. The model supports text and image unputs
Mistral_AI
Rule for substituting a set input with a set output
In computer programming, a macro (short for "macro instruction"; from Greek μακρο- 'long, large') is a rule or pattern that specifies how a certain input
Macro_(computer_science)
Minicomputer product line
which featured a much more complete instruction set and was not backward compatible. The earliest PDP-8 model, later informally known as a "Straight-8"
PDP-8
Methods and principles in adult education
learn, and 4) changing education perspectives from subject-centered one to performance centered perspectives. A new educational strategy has evolved in response
Andragogy
8/16-bit microprocessor
executing. Implied by this memory model is that branch and subroutine targets must be in the same bank as the instruction making the branch or call, unless
WDC_65C816
American educational psychologist (1916–2002)
Jerold Kemp's Instructional Design Model, and David Merrill (Merrill's First Principle of Instruction). Each of these models are based on a core set of learning
Robert_M._Gagné
United States automatic rifle family
Forces. U.S. War Department (1918). Provisional Instruction for the Browning Automatic Rifle, Model of 1918 (Document No. 864) (Technical report). Government
M1918 Browning automatic rifle
M1918_Browning_automatic_rifle
Measure of a computer's processing speed
Instructions per second (IPS) is a measure of a computer's processor speed. For complex instruction set computers (CISCs), different instructions take
Instructions_per_second
Plan for the construction of an object or system
User-centered design, which focuses on the needs, wants, and limitations of the end-user of the designed artefact. One aspect of user-centered design
Design
Graphic of a systems development lifecycle
management models. The V-model falls into three broad categories, the German V-Modell, a general testing model, and the US government standard. The V-model summarizes
V-model
Education practice
learning, also known as technology-mediated instruction, web-enhanced instruction, or mixed-mode instruction, is an approach to education that combines
Blended_learning
2024 AMD 4-nanometer processor microarchitecture
respectively. Models with "F" suffixes are without iGPUs. L1 cache: 80 KB (48 KB data + 32 KB instruction) per core. L2 cache: 1 MB per core. Models with an
Zen_5
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MODEL CENTERED-INSTRUCTION
MODEL CENTERED-INSTRUCTION
MODEL CENTERED-INSTRUCTION
MODEL CENTERED-INSTRUCTION
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