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Succession of nucleotides in a nucleic acid
A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases within the nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule. This succession
Nucleic_acid_sequence
Class of large biomolecules essential to all known life
of a living thing, they contain and provide information via the nucleic acid sequence. This gives the RNA and DNA their unmistakable 'ladder-step' order
Nucleic_acid
Biomolecular structure of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA
Nucleic acid structure refers to the structure of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. Chemically speaking, DNA and RNA are very similar. Nucleic acid structure
Nucleic_acid_structure
Universal notation of DNA nucleotides
The nucleic acid notation currently in use was first formalized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in 1970. This universally
Nucleic_acid_notation
Study of how temperature affects the nucleic acid structure
Nucleic acid thermodynamics is the study of how temperature affects the nucleic acid structure of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The melting temperature
Nucleic_acid_thermodynamics
Group of techniques to detect a particular nucleic acid sequence
A nucleic acid test (NAT) is a technique used to directly detect a specific nucleic acid sequence, usually to detect and identify a particular species
Nucleic_acid_test
Shared ancestry between DNA, RNA or protein sequences
from their nucleotide or amino acid sequence similarity. Significant similarity is strong evidence that two sequences are related by evolutionary changes
Sequence_homology
Generative process for base sequences
Nucleic acid design is the process of generating a set of nucleic acid base sequences that will associate into a desired conformation. Nucleic acid design
Nucleic_acid_design
Biological molecule
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is an artificially synthesized polymer similar to DNA or RNA. Synthetic peptide nucleic acid oligomers have been used in recent
Peptide_nucleic_acid
Molecule that carries genetic information
and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids. Alongside proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), nucleic acids are one of the four
DNA
Basepairing interactions within a single nucleic acid polymer or between two polymers
Nucleic acid secondary structure is the basepairing interactions within a single nucleic acid polymer or between two polymers. It can be represented as
Nucleic acid secondary structure
Nucleic_acid_secondary_structure
File format for DNA or protein sequences
Following the header line, the actual sequence is represented. Sequences may be protein sequences or nucleic acid sequences, and they can contain gaps or alignment
FASTA_format
Synthetic nucleic acid analogues
Xenonucleic acids (XNAs) are synthetic nucleic acid analogues that are engineered with a structurally distinct sugar component, as opposed to the nucleobase
Xeno_nucleic_acid
A phosphorothioate nucleic acid is a nucleic acid analogue where the backbone phosphate groups each have one oxygen atom replaced with a sulfur atom, making
Phosphorothioate_nucleic_acid
DNA or RNA sequence that matches its complement when read backwards
A palindromic sequence is a nucleic acid sequence in a double-stranded DNA or RNA molecule whereby reading in a certain direction (e.g. 5' to 3') on one
Palindromic_sequence
Family of large biological molecules
proteins (messenger RNA). RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are nucleic acids. The nucleic acids constitute one of the four major macromolecules essential
RNA
3D conformation of a biological sequence, like DNA, RNA, proteins
is known as the nucleic acid sequence reported from the 5' end to the 3' end. The nucleic acid sequence refers to the exact sequence of nucleotides that
Biomolecular_structure
Biological molecule
A locked nucleic acid (LNA), often referred to as inaccessible RNA, is a modified RNA nucleotide in which the ribose moiety is modified with an extra bridge
Locked_nucleic_acid
Computational prediction of nucleic acid structure
Nucleic acid structure prediction is a computational method to determine secondary and tertiary nucleic acid structure from its sequence. Secondary structure
Nucleic acid structure prediction
Nucleic_acid_structure_prediction
Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, commonly referred to as NASBA, is a method in molecular biology which is used to produce multiple copies of
NASBA_(molecular_biology)
Similar DNA, RNA or protein sequences within genomes or among species
conserved sequences are identical or similar sequences in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) or proteins across species (orthologous sequences), or within
Conserved_sequence
Organic compounds containing amine and carboxylic groups
portal Amino acid dating Beta-peptide Degron Erepsin Homochirality Hyperaminoacidemia Leucines Miller–Urey experiment Nucleic acid sequence RNA codon table
Amino_acid
Nucleic acid motif in molecular biology
The Kozak consensus sequence (Kozak consensus or Kozak sequence) is a nucleic acid motif that functions as the protein translation initiation site in most
Kozak_consensus_sequence
Structure formed by double-stranded molecules
formed by double-stranded molecules of nucleic acids such as DNA. The double-helical structure of a nucleic acid complex arises as a consequence of its
Nucleic_acid_double_helix
Interactions between nucleic acid modules
Nucleic acid quaternary structure refers to the interactions between separate nucleic acid molecules, or between nucleic acid molecules and proteins.
Nucleic acid quaternary structure
Nucleic_acid_quaternary_structure
Process of determining the nucleic acid sequence
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. It includes any method or technology that is
DNA_sequencing
RNA molecule that specifies a target sequence
single guide RNA (sgRNA) is a short sequence of RNA that guides a CRISPR-associated protein to its nucleic acid sequence target by Watson-Crick base pairing
Guide_RNA
Section of nucleic acid sequence
terminator is a section of nucleic acid sequence that marks the end of a gene or operon in genomic DNA during transcription. This sequence mediates transcriptional
Terminator_(genetics)
Nucleotide or amino-acid sequence pattern
regulatory sequence motifs and motifs within the "junk", such as satellite DNA. Some of these are believed to affect the shape of nucleic acids (see for
Sequence_motif
All genetic material of an organism
epidemiology Molecular pathological epidemiology Molecular pathology Nucleic acid sequence Pan-genome Precision medicine Regulator gene Whole genome sequencing
Genome
Rules by which information encoded within genetic material is translated into proteins
which amino acid will be added next during protein biosynthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a
Genetic_code
Chemical compound
synthetic genetic polymer as a xeno nucleic acid (XNA) due to its ability to efficiently base pair with complementary sequences of DNA and RNA. The main difference
Threose_nucleic_acid
Medical condition
chain reaction (PCR) to detect mycobacterial nucleic acid. These test vary in which nucleic acid sequence they detect and vary in their accuracy. The two
Tuberculous_meningitis
Nitrogen-containing biological compounds that form nucleosides
constituting nucleic acids Nucleic acid notation – Universal notation of DNA nucleotides Nucleic acid sequence – Succession of nucleotides in a nucleic acid The
Nucleotide_base
Phenomenon in molecular biology
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules anneal to complementary DNA or RNA. Though a double-stranded DNA sequence is generally stable
Nucleic_acid_hybridization
1953 scientific paper on DNA
"Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid" was the first article published to describe the discovery of the double
Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
Molecular_Structure_of_Nucleic_Acids:_A_Structure_for_Deoxyribose_Nucleic_Acid
Polymer produced by a living organism
components, such as saccharide chains and lipids. The convention for a nucleic acid sequence is to list the nucleotides as they occur from the 5' end to the
Biopolymer
Genetic testing technique
fluorescent probes that bind to specific parts of a nucleic acid sequence with a high degree of sequence complementarity. It was developed by biomedical researchers
Fluorescence in situ hybridization
Fluorescence_in_situ_hybridization
Compound analogous to naturally occurring RNA and DNA
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are structurally analogous to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, through substitutions of any of its sugar, phosphate
Nucleic_acid_analogue
Lock-and-key pairing between two structures
repair damage to the information stored in the sequences. The degree of complementarity between two nucleic acid strands may vary, from complete complementarity
Complementarity (molecular biology)
Complementarity_(molecular_biology)
Collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface
targets to determine relative abundance of nucleic acid sequences in the target. The original nucleic acid arrays were macro arrays approximately 9 cm
DNA_microarray
Amount of virus found in host tissue
double-stranded DNA, using the enzyme reverse transcriptase (RT) for PCR. The nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) method is a transcription-based amplification
Viral_load
bioinformatics, a sequence database is a type of biological database that is composed of a large collection of computerized ("digital") nucleic acid sequences, protein
Sequence_database
Set of experimental criteria relating to microbial pathogenesis
causation: "A nucleic acid sequence belonging to a putative pathogen should be present in most cases of an infectious disease. Microbial nucleic acids should
Molecular_Koch's_postulates
Loss of structure in proteins and nucleic acids due to external stress
secondary, and/or tertiary, and/or quaternary structures of proteins or nucleic acids resulting in a loss of bioactivity. Note 1: Modified from the definition
Denaturation_(biochemistry)
The Nucleic Acid Package (NUPACK) is a growing software suite for the analysis and design of nucleic acid systems. Jobs can be run online on the NUPACK
NUPACK
Laboratory technique to multiply a DNA sample for study
process called nucleic acid denaturation. In the second step, the temperature is lowered and the primers bind to the complementary sequences of DNA. The
Polymerase_chain_reaction
Chemical compound
also known as a phosphorodiamidate Morpholino oligomer (PMO), is a nucleic acid analog whose backbone consists of methylenemorpholine rings linked through
Morpholino_nucleic_acid
A bridged nucleic acid (BNA) is a class of modified RNA nucleotides. They are sometimes also referred to as constrained or inaccessible RNA molecules.
Bridged_nucleic_acid
Alteration in the nucleotide sequence of a genome
In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Mutations result from
Mutation
Gene to check if nucleic acid sequence successfully inserted into an organism's DNA
molecular biology, a marker gene is a gene used to determine if a nucleic acid sequence has been successfully inserted into an organism's DNA. In particular
Marker_gene
Theoretical scheme in molecular biology
explain how information encoded in the nucleic acid sequences of messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the amino acids that make up proteins during the process
Adaptor_hypothesis
Examines sequence information from individual cells
Single-cell sequencing examines the nucleic acid sequence information from individual cells with optimized next-generation sequencing technologies, providing
Single-cell_sequencing
Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) are nanostructures that consist of a densely packed, highly oriented arrangement of linear nucleic acids in a three-dimensional
Spherical_nucleic_acid
they bind to a target nucleic acid sequence. This is a novel non-radioactive method for detecting specific sequences of nucleic acids. They are useful in
Molecular_beacon
(i) A nucleic acid sequence belonging to a putative pathogen should be present in most cases of an infectious disease. Microbial nucleic acids should
Microbial_pathogenesis
Term in biochemistry
double helix, which run in opposite directions alongside each other. Nucleic acid molecules have a phosphoryl (5') end and a hydroxyl (3') end. This notation
Antiparallel_(biochemistry)
Technique in molecular biology
(either insertions, deletions, or substitutions) within a specific nucleic acid sequence. Site-directed mutagenesis remains one of the most important laboratory
Site-directed_mutagenesis
Proposed link between nucleotide sequence and protein structure (1958)
(DNA or RNA) determines the sequence of amino acids for which that segment of nucleic acid codes, and this amino acid sequence determines the three-dimensional
Sequence_hypothesis
Scientific investigative technique
estimate the abundance of a particular nucleic acid sequence. The abundance of a particular nucleic acid sequence (such as a gene) can indicate expression
Fluorescence in the life sciences
Fluorescence_in_the_life_sciences
Laboratory technique to localize nucleic acids
complementary DNA, RNA or modified nucleic acid strand (i.e., a probe) to localize a specific DNA or RNA sequence in a portion or section of tissue (in
In_situ_hybridization
orientation of a linear strand or sequence of a nucleic acid polymer or a polypeptide. The nomenclature used to indicate nucleic acid directionality is based on
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (0–L)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(0–L)
Infectious disease
assays, and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification. Nucleic acid sequencing methods can identify infection by obtaining the nucleic acid sequence of viral
Influenza
Gene editing system
target a specific nucleic acid sequence. TasR or TasH proteins (functionally similar to Cas9) are guided to a specific DNA sequence by the tigRNA, where
TIGR-Tas
(TMA) is an isothermal (performed at constant temperature), single-tube nucleic acid amplification system utilizing two enzymes, RNA polymerase and reverse
Transcription-mediated amplification
Transcription-mediated_amplification
Cellular process of protein synthesis
molecules as templates. The generated protein is a sequence of amino acids determined by the sequence of nucleotides in the RNA. The nucleotides are considered
Translation_(biology)
Hypothetical stage in the early evolutionary history of life on Earth
for 'simple' pre-RNA nucleic acids have included peptide nucleic acid (PNA), threose nucleic acid (TNA) or glycol nucleic acid (GNA). Despite their structural
RNA_world
Biological molecules constituting nucleic acids
They serve as monomeric units of the nucleic acid polymers – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both of which are essential biomolecules
Nucleotide
Technique in statistical genetics
efficiently computing the likelihood of an evolutionary tree from nucleic acid sequence data. The algorithm is often used as a subroutine in a search for
Felsenstein's tree-pruning algorithm
Felsenstein's_tree-pruning_algorithm
Linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein
encoded amino acids, as well as mixtures or ambiguous amino acids (similar to nucleic acid notation). Peptides can be directly sequenced, or inferred from
Protein_primary_structure
Segment of nucleic acid that affects the expression of associated genes
A regulatory sequence is a segment of a nucleic acid molecule which is capable of increasing or decreasing the expression of specific genes within an
Regulatory_sequence
Explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system
Information here means the precise determination of sequence, either of bases in the nucleic acid or of amino acid residues in the protein. He re-stated it in
Central dogma of molecular biology
Central_dogma_of_molecular_biology
Patterns of nucleic acids that occur in multiple copies throughout the genome
(2005-06-02). "Covalent ligation studies on the human telomere quadruplex". Nucleic Acids Research. 33 (10): 3185–92. doi:10.1093/nar/gki632. PMC 1142406. PMID 15933211
Repeated_sequence_(DNA)
Digital nucleic acid sequence database
; Fitzgerald, S.; Fernandez-Banet, J. (2007-12-23). "Ensembl 2008". Nucleic Acids Research. 36 (Database): D707–D714. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm988. ISSN 0305-1048
Reference_genome
Sequencing all the DNA of an individual at once
Human Genome Project Lists of sequenced genomes Medical genetics Medical Research Council (MRC) Nucleic acid sequence Personal Genome Project Personalized
Whole_genome_sequencing
Technique used to study DNA and RNA
complex is known, the apparent affinity of the protein for the nucleic acid sequence may be determined. Unless the complex is very long lived under gel
Electrophoretic mobility shift assay
Electrophoretic_mobility_shift_assay
Alignment of more than two molecular sequences
progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice". Nucleic Acids Res. 22 (22): 4673–80
Multiple_sequence_alignment
Protein with an altered amino acid sequence
imagined as a protein that results from the translation of a mutated nucleic acid sequence. Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary. Farlex. 2012. Segen's Medical
Mutein
Computational analysis of large, complex sets of biological data
which aims to understand the organizational principles within nucleic acid and protein sequences. Image and signal processing allow the extraction of useful
Bioinformatics
Class of enzymes that unpack genetic material
motor proteins that move directionally along a nucleic double helix, separating the two hybridized nucleic acid strands (hence helic- + -ase), via the energy
Helicase
Virus affecting plants of the Solanaceae family
"Sequence: V01408.1". European Nucleotide Archive. EMBL- EBI. Retrieved 28 March 2020. International central site for archiving nucleic acid sequence.
Tobacco_mosaic_virus
Biochemistry detection method
scientist. The method was first described in 2002 in the scientific journal Nucleic Acid Research. The first applications included the detection of exon deletions
Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification
Multiplex_ligation-dependent_probe_amplification
Species of pangolin found in southeast Asia
researchers from Guangzhou had discovered a pangolin sample with a viral nucleic acid sequence "99% identical" to SARS-CoV-2. When released, the results clarified
Sunda_pangolin
Fragment of RNA or DNA able to be chemically labeled
salt in hybridization buffers, permits only hybridization between nucleic acid sequences that are highly similar, whereas low stringency, such as lower temperature
Hybridization_probe
Soft-bodied eight-limbed order of molluscs
other molluscs, are capable of greater RNA editing, changing the nucleic acid sequence of the primary transcript of RNA molecules, than any other organisms
Octopus
American biotechnology company
(IDT), headquartered in Coralville, Iowa, is a supplier of custom nucleic acids, serving the areas of academic research, biotechnology, clinical diagnostics
Integrated_DNA_Technologies
Genus of viruses
kobuvirus was characterised after isolation from a Korean black goat. Nucleic acid sequence analysis and RT-PCR are used prevalently as detection and genotyping
Kobuvirus
Genus of ascomycete fungi
translation of the CUG codon in these species is due to a novel nucleic acid sequence in the serine-tRNA (ser-tRNACAG), which has a guanosine located
Candida_(fungus)
monophyletic – polyphyly – paraphyly – heredity – phenotypic trait – nucleic acid sequence – synapomorphy – homology – molecular clock – outgroup (cladistics)
Outline_of_biology
Scientific study of animals
principle of common descent. Molecular phylogenetics, which uses nucleic acid sequence as data, has driven many recent revisions and is likely to continue
Zoology
Three-dimensional shape of a nucleic acid polymer
Nucleic acid tertiary structure is the three-dimensional shape of a nucleic acid polymer. RNA and DNA molecules are capable of diverse functions ranging
Nucleic acid tertiary structure
Nucleic_acid_tertiary_structure
Chemical compound
linkages (which are resistant to degradation by nucleases) and has the sequence: 5'-TTG CTT CCA TCT TCC TCG TC-3' Crooke, RM; Graham, MJ; Cooke, ME; Crooke
Afovirsen
Biological molecule
Twisted intercalating nucleic acid (TINA) is a nucleic acid molecule that, when added to triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs), stabilizes Hoogsteen
Twisted intercalating nucleic acid
Twisted_intercalating_nucleic_acid
Real-valued function that quantifies similarity between two objects
dissimilar characters. Nucleotide similarity matrices are used to align nucleic acid sequences. Because there are only four nucleotides commonly found in DNA (Adenine
Similarity_measure
American geneticist
Medicine. A mentor to Francis Collins, Weissman elucidated the nucleic acid sequence of the SV40 genome. Weissman was the son of a general practitioner
Sherman_Weissman
Microbiology test used in medicine
chips use the binding of complementary DNA to a target gene or nucleic acid sequence. The benefit of this is that multiple genes can be assessed simultaneously
Antibiotic sensitivity testing
Antibiotic_sensitivity_testing
amplifying nucleic acid sequences." U.S. patent 4,683,202. Mullis, KB et al. "Process for amplifying, detecting, and/or-cloning nucleic acid sequences." U.S
History of polymerase chain reaction
History_of_polymerase_chain_reaction
the genetic biopolymer. DNA is such a molecule. Regardless of its nucleic acid sequence, the negative charges on its backbone dominate the physical interactions
Polyelectrolyte theory of the gene
Polyelectrolyte_theory_of_the_gene
This is a list of notable computer programs that are used for nucleic acids simulations. Min – Optimization MD – Molecular dynamics MC – Monte Carlo REM
Comparison of nucleic acid simulation software
Comparison_of_nucleic_acid_simulation_software
Species of dinoflagellate
in marine environments has therefore been developed. A real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) assay has been developed for detection
Karenia_brevis
NUCLEIC ACID-SEQUENCE
NUCLEIC ACID-SEQUENCE
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Avid; eager.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Pungent, Acrid
Boy/Male
Indian
Worshipper of God
Boy/Male
Arabic
Certain; Strong; Firm
Boy/Male
Muslim Arabic
Worshipper. Adorer.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Restore
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Avid; eager.
Boy/Male
Greek Latin
Lover of Galatea.
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Avid; eager.
Girl/Female
Greek
Aid.
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Avid; eager.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Great
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Farsi, German, Indian, Kannada, Muslim, Pashtun, Punjabi, Sikh, Sindhi
Worshipper of Allah; Spark of Fire; Worshipper of God
Male
English
Pet form of English Ace, ACIE means "number one."
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Loving; Sweet; Cute
Boy/Male
Indian
Pungent, Acrid
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Worshipper
Girl/Female
British, Chilean, English, German, Indonesian
Horse Lover
Boy/Male
Thai
Sun.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Farsi, Hindu, Indian, Muslim
Support; Leader; Chief; A Great Man; Amin
NUCLEIC ACID-SEQUENCE
NUCLEIC ACID-SEQUENCE
Girl/Female
Tamil
Boy/Male
Indian, Sikh
Flowers
Girl/Female
Tamil
Girl/Female
Muslim
Heaven, Paradise
Girl/Female
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
The Greatest
Female
Japanese
(1-彩乃, 2-綾乃) Japanese name AYANO means 1) "my color" or "my design."Â
Girl/Female
Latin American
Mars (Roman god of war). Derived from the Roman clan 'Marcius'. Warring.
Boy/Male
British, English
Son in Law
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Forth Khalifa of Islam
Biblical
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NUCLEIC ACID-SEQUENCE
NUCLEIC ACID-SEQUENCE
NUCLEIC ACID-SEQUENCE
NUCLEIC ACID-SEQUENCE
NUCLEIC ACID-SEQUENCE
a.
Having a taste compounded of saltness and acidity; both salt and acid.
n.
A constituent of the nuclei of all cells. It is a colorless amorphous substance, readily soluble in alkaline fluids and especially characterized by its comparatively large content of phosphorus. It also contains nitrogen and sulphur.
n.
The hypothetical radical C5H9O, regarded as the essential nucleus of certain valeric acid derivatives.
a.
Sharp and harsh, or bitter and not, to the taste; pungent; as, acrid salts.
a.
Of or pertaining to an acid; as, acid reaction.
v. t.
An aid-de-camp, so called by abbreviation; as, a general's aid.
n.
A substance associated with nuclein in cell nuclei, and by some considered as the fundamental substance of the nucleus.
n.
A sour substance.
n.
An acid elevator, as a tube through which acid is forced to some height in a sulphuric acid manufactory.
a.
Causing heat and irritation; corrosive; as, acrid secretions.
pl.
of Nucleus
a.
Of or pertaining to a nucleus; as, the nuclear spindle (see Illust. of Karyokinesis) or the nuclear fibrils of a cell; the nuclear part of a comet, etc.
n.
One of a class of compounds, generally but not always distinguished by their sour taste, solubility in water, and reddening of vegetable blue or violet colors. They are also characterized by the power of destroying the distinctive properties of alkalies or bases, combining with them to form salts, at the same time losing their own peculiar properties. They all contain hydrogen, united with a more negative element or radical, either alone, or more generally with oxygen, and take their names from this negative element or radical. Those which contain no oxygen are sometimes called hydracids in distinction from the others which are called oxygen acids or oxacids.
a.
Containing many nuclei.
a.
Alt. of Nuclear
a.
Sour, sharp, or biting to the taste; tart; having the taste of vinegar: as, acid fruits or liquors. Also fig.: Sour-tempered.
a.
Caustic; bitter; bitterly irritating; as, acrid temper, mind, writing.
n.
A double star; -- applied to the nucleus of a cell, when, during cell division, the loops of the nuclear network separate into two groups, preparatory to the formation of two daughter nuclei. See Karyokinesis.