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Biological method of DNA extraction and purification
A plasmid preparation is a method of DNA extraction and purification for plasmid DNA. It is an important step in many molecular biology experiments and
Plasmid_preparation
Small DNA molecule within a cell
A plasmid is a small, extrachromosomal DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They
Plasmid
Antibiotic
growing E. coli cultures intended for plasmid preparation. Chloramphenicol halts protein synthesis, but allows plasmids with a relaxed origin of replication
Chloramphenicol
Set of methods in molecular biology
into a plasmid and that these foreign sequences would be carried into bacteria and replicated as part of the plasmid. That is, these plasmids could serve
Molecular_cloning
American synthetic biology company
Reagents Bioinformatics Tools Services Cell engineering DNA sequencing Plasmid preparation Custom Synthesis Board of directors J. Craig Venter, Ph.D. Oliver
Viridos_(company)
Small, circular replicating units of DNA
delivery into cells. Their preparation usually follows a two-step procedure: production of a 'parental plasmid' (bacterial plasmid with eukaryotic inserts)
Minicircle
Method for separation and analysis of biomolecules using agarose gel
more compact. In a normal plasmid DNA preparation, multiple forms of DNA may be present. Gel electrophoresis of the plasmids would normally show the negatively
Agarose_gel_electrophoresis
Method of purifying nucleic acids
extraction Ethanol precipitation SCODA DNA purification Plasmid preparation Matson, Robert S. (2008). Microarray Methods and Protocols. Boca
Spin column-based nucleic acid purification
Spin_column-based_nucleic_acid_purification
Process of isolating DNA from cells
fingerprinting DNA sequencing DNA structure Ethanol precipitation Plasmid preparation Polymerase chain reaction SCODA DNA purification "Fluorescence In
DNA_extraction
Technique to separate DNA or RNA fragments
compact. In a normal plasmid DNA preparation, multiple forms of DNA may be present, and gel from the electrophoresis of the plasmids would normally show
Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
Gel_electrophoresis_of_nucleic_acids
Ability of a cell to take up DNA
the ability of a cell to take up and incorporate exogenous DNA, such as plasmids, during a process called transformation. The efficiency of transformation
Transformation_efficiency
Gene editing method
recover transduced cells. There are two plasmid systems in CRISPR/Cas9 libraries. First, is all in one plasmid, where sgRNA and Cas9 are produced simultaneously
CRISPR_gene_editing
Bioengineered strain of E. coli
coli host strains significantly affect the quality of small scale plasmid DNA preparations used for sequencing". Nucleic Acids Research. 21 (7): 1677–1678
DH5-Alpha_Cell
Genetic alteration of a cell by uptake of genetic material from the environment
circular plasmid DNA. Non-commercial preparations should normally give 106 to 107 transformants per microgram of plasmid; a poor preparation will be about
Genetic_transformation
Vaccine containing DNA
immune response. DNA vaccines work by injecting genetically engineered plasmid containing the DNA sequence encoding the antigen(s) against which an immune
DNA_vaccine
Hoffman; F. Winston (1987). "A ten-minute DNA preparation from yeast efficiently releases autonomous plasmids for transformation of Escherichia coli". Gene
Smash_and_Grab_(biology)
be used to add sticky ends to cDNA allowing it to be ligated into the plasmid much more efficiently. Two adapters could base pair to each other to form
Adapter_(genetics)
Species of bacteria
been known to carry a plasmid (called pBUN24) of around 9 kbp which is the vector for its toxin, BcpT. A version of this plasmid is also found in B. uniformis
Phocaeicola_vulgatus
Chemical compound
increasingly antibiotic resistant bacteria because it can cure (remove) plasmids containing antimicrobial resistance genes from Gram positive bacteria.
Acriflavine
DNA region replicating from a single origin
five chromids, and one plasmid. Plasmids and bacteriophages are usually replicated as single replicons, but large plasmids in Gram-negative bacteria
Replicon_(genetics)
Laboratory technique in bacterial cell biology
addition of calcium chloride to a cell suspension promotes the binding of plasmid DNA to lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Positively charged calcium ions attract
Calcium chloride transformation
Calcium_chloride_transformation
Culture medium used in microbiology
been widely used in molecular microbiology applications for the preparation of plasmid DNA and recombinant proteins. It continues to be one of the most
Lysogeny_broth
Buffer solution commonly used in biological research
of RNA viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, as well as for long-term storage of plasmid DNA. There are many different ways to prepare PBS solutions, common ones
Phosphate-buffered_saline
Molecular biology method for cloning DNA fragments
different types of plasmids (e.g., for bacterial, insect, and mammalian protein expression). The first step in Gateway cloning is the preparation of a Gateway
Gateway_Technology
DNA molecule containing genetic material of a cell
from plasmid DNA by centrifugation of lysed bacteria and pelleting of the membranes (and the attached DNA). Prokaryotic chromosomes and plasmids are,
Chromosome
Pathogen resistance to medications
resistance against invading genetic elements such as bacteriophages and plasmids. CRISPR-mediated immunity can indirectly influence antimicrobial resistance
Drug_resistance
Subspecies of bacterium
biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Bti strains possess the pBtoxis plasmid which encodes numerous Cry (a δ-endotoxin) and Cyt toxins, including Cry4
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis
Bacillus_thuringiensis_israelensis
Species of bacterium
perfringens can spread antibiotic resistant genes via plasmids. The pCW3 plasmid is the primary conjugation plasmid responsible for creating antibiotic resistance
Clostridium_perfringens
Chemical compound
Canadian MRSA isolate "MUP87" and is probably located on a nonconjugative plasmid. Pseudomonic acid (mupirocin) inhibits isoleucine—tRNA ligase in bacteria
Mupirocin
Genome manipulation method
pCas9cr4 plasmid due to a Cas9-mediated double strand break in the plasmid. Additional plasmid mini-preps demonstrated that neither plasmid was retained
No-SCAR_genome_editing
Novel drug delivery system
bilayer shell, an earlier form with some limitations Lipoplex, a complex of plasmid or linear DNA and lipids Targeted drug delivery mRNA-1273, from Moderna
Lipid-based_nanoparticle
Family of DNA sequences found in prokaryotic organisms
segregating replicated DNA into daughter cells during cell division, because plasmids and chromosomes with identical repeat arrays could not coexist in Haloferax
CRISPR
Method in molecular biology to make pores in cell membranes
utilized for the transformation of bacteria or yeast cells, often with plasmid DNA. It is also used in the transfection of plant protoplasts and mammalian
Electroporation
Technique for joining nucleic acid fragments
DNA molecules (such as when a foreign DNA fragment is inserted into a plasmid). The discovery of DNA ligase dates back to 1967 and was an important event
Ligation_(molecular_biology)
Application of engineering principles to biological molecules
of this technique involve the preparation of a primer that will be a complementary strand to a wild type bacterial plasmid. This primer will have a base
Biomolecular_engineering
Human disease
lactose The most significant virulence marker of Y. enterocolitica is its plasmid pYV. This enables the bacteria to invade mucosal tissues as well as nearby
Yersiniosis
Species of bacterium
transfer. This includes insertion sequences, bacteriophages, integrons, plasmids, genomic islands, and transposons. In lactobacilli, they are responsible
Lacticaseibacillus_casei
Collection of the total genomic DNA from a single organism
be used to titer genomic libraries made with non-viral vectors, such as plasmids and BACs. A test ligation of the library can be used to transform E. coli
Genomic_library
Pathogenic type of misfolded protein
crystalline arrays have also been reported at lower resolution in ex vivo preparations of prions. In the prion amyloids, the glycolipid anchors and asparagine-linked
Prion
Collection of genetic material fragments
enzymes. The nucleotide sequences of interest are preserved as inserts to a plasmid or the genome of a bacteriophage that has been used to infect bacterial
Library_(biology)
Ability of cells to take up extracellular DNA
provided by the researcher, often as a genetically engineered fragment or plasmid. During uptake, DNA is transported across the cell membrane(s), and the
Natural_competence
Antibiotic
with 1,543 mcr-carrying plasmids sampled from 60 countries and regions between 1984 and 2024. The analysis resolved 14 major plasmid lineages associated with
Colistin
Biological process of breaking down food
Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which uses this system to introduce the Ti plasmid and proteins into the host, which develops the crown gall (tumor). The
Digestion
Topics referred to by the same term
R1, R.I., R01 or R-1 may refer to: R1 plasmid, a plasmid found in E Coli ATC code R01 Nasal preparations, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical
R1
Chemical compound
constants of biochemical reactions. PEG is commonly used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystallization. X-ray diffraction of protein
Polyethylene_glycol
Chemical compound
Lemuth K, Steuer, K, Albermann, C (April 26, 2011). "Engineering of a plasmid-free Escherichia coli strain for improved in vivo biosynthesis of astaxanthin"
Astaxanthin
Deliberate fragmentation of DNA in preparation for analysis
electrophoresis, and chromatography. It is used in genetic fingerprinting, plasmid subcloning, and RFLP analysis. A given restriction enzyme cuts DNA segments
Restriction_digest
Endonuclease that cuts a single DNA strand
PMID 1309614. Wang H, Hays JB (October 2001). "Simple and rapid preparation of gapped plasmid DNA for incorporation of oligomers containing specific DNA lesions"
Nicking_enzyme
Topics referred to by the same term
titles containing RKK The dictionary definition of РКК at Wiktionary RK2 plasmid R2K RRK (disambiguation) RK (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists
RKK
Culture medium used in microbiology
in SOB or SOC medium results in higher transformation efficiencies of plasmids. SOC medium can also be used to regenerate Klebsiella oxytoca strains for
Super_optimal_broth
Biological process
recognized:[citation needed] All cellular life forms and many DNA viruses, phages and plasmids use a primase to synthesize a short RNA primer with a free 3′ OH group
DNA_replication
Antibiotic
clindamycin. This is because of the activity of the macrolide-inducible plasmid-encoded erm gene. To perform a D-test, an agar plate is inoculated with
Clindamycin
Informal group of fungi
2015 Mycosis (fungal infection in animals) Start point (yeast) WHI3 Yeast plasmids Zymology Piškur, Jure; Compagno, Concetta (2014). Molecular Mechanisms
Yeast
Peptides that facilitate cellular intake
sites on plasmids, and recombinant plasmids can be introduced into living cells. A method using macro-branched TAT has been proposed for plasmid DNA delivery
Cell-penetrating_peptide
DNA molecules formed by human agency at a molecular level generating novel DNA sequences
that replicates within a living cell. Vectors are generally derived from plasmids or viruses, and represent relatively small segments of DNA that contain
Recombinant_DNA
Topical Antibiotic
mechanism is mediated by fusB, fusC, and fusD genes found primarily on plasmids, but have also been found in chromosomal DNA. The product of fusB-type
Fusidic_acid
Matter with biological processes
may then be transported and processed through the Golgi apparatus in preparation for dispatch to their destination. Cells reproduce through a process
Life
Inorganic compound
PMC 389612. PMID 4943557. Forsberg, Susan. "Hydroxylamine Mutagenesis of plasmid DNA". PombeNet. University of Southern California. Retrieved 9 December
Hydroxylamine
Synthetic, biodegradable polyester
biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles-in-microsphere formulation for local plasmid DNA delivery in the gastrointestinal tract". AAPS PharmSciTech. 9 (1):
Polycaprolactone
Species of bacteria used as an insecticide
A. Zakharyan reported the presence of a plasmid in a strain of B. thuringiensis and suggested the plasmid's involvement in endospore and crystal formation
Bacillus_thuringiensis
Scientific research area
technique in the study of biology and genetics, such as the use of DNA plasmid transfection to investigate protein function in living cells. A wide range
Intracellular_delivery
Process of isolation and amplification of DNA segments
with the foreign DNA. There are many types of cloning vectors such as plasmids and phages. In order to carry out recombination between vector and the
In_vitro_recombination
Type of DNA library
incorporated site) with the appropriate endonuclease. A cloning vector (plasmid) is then also cleaved with the appropriate endonuclease. Following "sticky
CDNA_library
Soft and porous white magnesium phyllosilicate clay
Haidong; Fu, Li; Seno, Masaharu (2010-12-03). "Optimization of Bacterial Plasmid Transformation Using Nanomaterials Based on the Yoshida Effect". International
Sepiolite
Indian academic
centered on the Acinetobacter group of microorganisms in the field of Plasmid DNA transfer, agriculture, medicine and nanotechnology. He is known for
Balu_Ananda_Chopade
Protein family
protein encoded on plasmid pMER327/419 is an 81 residue polypeptide with two putative TMSs. It catalyzes uptake of Hg2+ in preparation for reduction by
Mercury_transporter
Sequence in a genome
introduced into host cells. It further rationalizes plasmid incompatibilities in E. coli, where certain plasmids destabilize each other's inheritance due to competition
Origin_of_replication
Biological testing method
"Detection of carcinogens as mutagens: bacterial tester strains with R factor plasmids". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
Ames_test
Device using centrifugal force to separate fluids
Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 11 March 2012. "Plasmid DNA Separation: Fixed-Angle and Vertical Rotors in the Thermo Scientific
Centrifuge
Organosulfur chemical compound used as a solvent
minimizing interfering reactions. DMSO in a PCR is applicable for supercoiled plasmids (to relax before amplification) or DNA templates with high GC-content (to
Dimethyl_sulfoxide
Oldest cultured human cell line (1951)
microtubules and the Ki-67 antibody is expressed in cells about to divide. Preparation, antibodies and image courtesy of EnCor Biotechnology. A volumetric surface
HeLa
Chemical compound
2-Mercaptopyridine has also been investigated as a reagent to purify plasmid DNA of impurities such as RNA and proteins at relatively quick timescales
2-Mercaptopyridine
Species of Gram-positive bacterium
are common in S. aureus include bacteriophages, pathogenicity islands, plasmids, transposons, and staphylococcal cassette chromosomes. These elements have
Staphylococcus_aureus
Type of microbiology test
2569 15915 794 produces β-lactamases (weak) - 12493 - - 67181 MRSA (mecA plasmid-positive) methicillin and other antibiotics affected by MRSA strains Enterococcus
Disk_diffusion_test
Measure of microorganism drug resistance
be acquired by plasmid acquisition. Yeasts such as Candida species can become resistant under long-term treatment with azole preparations, requiring treatment
Multiple_drug_resistance
Raspor, Peter; Štrancar, Aleš; Peterka, Matjaž (2010). "Preparation of pharmaceutical-grade plasmid DNA using methacrylate monolithic columns". Vaccine.
BIA_Separations
Chemical compound commonly used in antiseptics
January 2013. Retrieved 2 February 2013. de Solis NM (1993). Effect of plasmids that confer preservative-resistance on the performance of bacteria in preservative
Chloroxylenol
Veterinary medical products classification subgroup
disease virus (SPD) QI10AA02 Salmon pancreas disease (SPD), protein coding plasmid QI10AB01 Aeromonas QI10AB02 Aeromonas + vibrio QI10AB03 Aeromonas + moritella
ATCvet_code_QI10
Production of protein in a cell-free system
nucleases, etc. Two types of DNA can be used in CFPS: plasmids and linear expression templates (LETs). Plasmids are circular, and only made inside cells. LETs
Cell-free_protein_synthesis
Animal flesh produced by culturing cells
protein of interest are synthesized into a plasmid—a closed loop of double helical genetic information. This plasmid, called recombinant DNA, is then inserted
Cultured_meat
Virus that infects bacteria
modification to improve phage resistance. This has especially focused on plasmid and recombinant chromosomal modifications. Some research has focused on
Bacteriophage
in sterile Milli-Q water to form a 0.2% gelatin solution. Purified DNA plasmid is then mixed with the gelatin solution, and the final gelatin concentration
Reverse_transfection
cDNA are then treated with restriction endonucleases and ligated to a plasmid or chromosomal vectors. In the case of assays that screen for the protein
Functional_cloning
Type of antibiotic
exist. Specific versions of the neo gene are commonly included in DNA plasmids used to establish stable mammalian cell lines expressing cloned proteins
Neomycin
Solid, liquid or gel used to grow microorganisms or cells
neomycin to select cells that have been successfully transfected with a plasmid carrying the neomycin resistance gene as a marker. Gancyclovir is an exception
Growth_medium
Preparation for acquired immunity to disease
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious or malignant disease. The safety and effectiveness
Vaccine
Filamentous fungus
A; tennelin, pyripyropene, aphidicolin, terretonin, and andrastin A by plasmid insertion; paxilline and aflatrem by co-transformation; and aspyridone
Aspergillus_oryzae
Chemical compound
HClO inhibition of DNA replication of plasmids with different replication origins and found that certain plasmids exhibited a delay in the inhibition of
Hypochlorous_acid
Bioengineering process
common techniques for performing this are whole plasmid single PCR, and overlap extension PCR. Whole plasmid single PCR is also referred to as site directed
Protein_engineering
Species of bacterium
that carries between 5,500 and 6,000 open reading frames, and sometimes plasmids of various sizes depending on the strain. Comparison of 389 genomes from
Pseudomonas_aeruginosa
Enzyme that catalyzes movement of transposable elements
discovered as a DNA sequence in bacterial chromosomes and naturally occurring plasmids that encoded resistance to the antibiotics trimethoprim and streptomycin
Transposase
Antimicrobial substance or compound
PMID 16176460. S2CID 1028923. de Solis, Nilka M. G. (1993). Effect of plasmids that confer preservative-resistance on the performance of bacteria in preservative
Antiseptic
Genus of bacteria
attributed to differences in the plasmids among species, as data presented in Schutt (1990) imply, habitat-specific plasmid DNA was induced by adaptation
Nitrobacter
Thickening agent used in microbiology and food
added in cloning experiments whereby bacteria with antibiotic-resistant plasmid are selected. In addition to antibiotic treated agar, other selective and
Agar
Food produced by bacterial fermentation of milk
"Comparison of yoghurt, heat treated yoghurt, milk and lactose effects on plasmid dissemination in gnotobiotic mice". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 79 (2): 199–207
Yogurt
Unique single-celled organism of uncertain taxonomy
have been artificially caused by the centrifugation steps used for the preparation of specimens for electron microscopy." In this paper, all five mentions
Parakaryon
Illness from eating spoiled or contaminated food
multiple outbreaks and extensive involvement of enterotoxin-encoding (CPE) plasmids". Microbial Genomics. 5 (10) e000297. doi:10.1099/mgen.0.000297. PMC 6861862
Foodborne_illness
Domain of microorganisms
Kado CI (October 2014). "Historical events that spawned the field of plasmid biology". Microbiology Spectrum. 2 (5) 2.5.30: 3–11. doi:10.1128/microbiolspec
Bacteria
Process of determining the nucleic acid sequence
library preparation is required before processing. Assessing the quality and quantity of nucleic acids both after extraction and after library preparation identifies
DNA_sequencing
Field of science that uses cells for the creation of products
"Microorganisms having multiple compatible degradative energy-generating plasmids and preparation thereof. 1980". Biotechnology. 24: 535–545. PMID 1422067. US2802760A
Biotechnology
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PLASMID PREPARATION
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