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Assignment of an initial value for variable
In computer programming, initialization or initialisation is the assignment of an initial value for a data object or variable. The manner in which initialization
Initialization (computer programming)
Initialization_(computer_programming)
Programming language construct specifying an identifier's properties
In computer programming, a declaration in a syntactic language construct is the process of specifying identifier properties for its initialization: it
Declaration (computer programming)
Declaration_(computer_programming)
Approach to managing resources by tying them to object lifetime
Resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) is a programming idiom used in several object-oriented, statically typed programming languages to describe
Resource acquisition is initialization
Resource_acquisition_is_initialization
Topics referred to by the same term
initialization in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Initialization may refer to: Booting, a process that starts computer operating systems Initialism,
Initialization
Delay of a task until it is first needed
In computer programming, lazy initialization is the tactic of delaying the creation of an object, the calculation of a value, or some other expensive
Lazy_initialization
Process to create executable computer programs
Computer programming is the composition of sequences of instructions, called programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. It involves designing
Computer_programming
Instructions a computer can execute
A computer program is a sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute. It is one component of software, which also
Computer_program
Syntactic entity in a programming language with a determinable value
contexts, such as definition and initialization [needs independent confirmation]. 2 + 3 is both an arithmetic and programming expression, which evaluates to
Expression_(computer_science)
Process of starting a computer
after POR completes. IBM uses the term Initial Program Load (IPL) on some product lines. Restarting a computer is also called rebooting, which can be
Booting
fields, including terms relevant to software, data science, and computer programming. Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See
Glossary_of_computer_science
General-purpose programming language
programming languages, with C compilers available for practically all modern computer architectures and operating systems. The book The C Programming
C_(programming_language)
Part of a computer program where a given name binding is valid
In computer programming, the scope of a name binding (an association of a name to an entity, such as a variable) is the part of a program in which the
Scope_(computer_programming)
Programming paradigm in which many processes are executed simultaneously
brought parallel computing to desktop computers. Thus parallelization of serial programs has become a mainstream programming task. In 2012 quad-core processors
Parallel_computing
Function that is tied to a particular instance or class
initialize the object, a process called construction (or instantiation). Initialization may include an acquisition of resources. Constructors may have parameters
Method_(computer_programming)
Variable that represents an argument to a function
In computer programming, a parameter, or formal argument, is a variable that represents an argument to a function call. A function's signature defines
Parameter (computer programming)
Parameter_(computer_programming)
Inappropriate short-lived object
In computer programming, a poltergeist (or gypsy wagon) is a short-lived, typically stateless object used to perform initialization or to invoke methods
Poltergeist (computer programming)
Poltergeist_(computer_programming)
Design pattern in software development
Skeleton programming is a style of computer programming based on simple high-level program structures and so called dummy code. Program skeletons resemble
Skeleton (computer programming)
Skeleton_(computer_programming)
Type of computer
A stored-program computer is a computer that reads the program instructions it is executing directly from fast electronic storage. This approach removes
Stored-program_computer
Design pattern in computer programming
loading) is a technique used in computer programming, especially web design and web development, to defer initialization of an object until it is needed
Lazy_loading
Book by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie
The C Programming Language (sometimes termed K&R, after its authors' initials) is a computer programming book written by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie
The_C_Programming_Language
Reusable solution template to a commonly-needed software behavior
Repository Programming idiom Refactoring Software development methodology Alexandrescu, Andrei (2001). Modern C++ Design: Generic Programming and Design
Software_design_pattern
Computer hardware and software capable of playing chess
program could be developed using a depth-limited minimax search with an evaluation function. 1950 – Claude Shannon publishes "Programming a Computer for
Computer_chess
Function called at the end of an object's lifetime
Class Computer programming portal new and delete (C++) Finalizer Constructor (computer science) Object lifetime Resource Acquisition Is Initialization Rule
Destructor (computer programming)
Destructor_(computer_programming)
Object which stores memory addresses in a computer program
variables to be among computer science's "most valuable treasures." — Donald Knuth, Structured Programming, with go to Statements In computer science, a pointer
Pointer (computer programming)
Pointer_(computer_programming)
Function reference passed to and called by another function
In computer programming, a callback is a programming pattern in which a function reference is passed from one context (consumer) to another (provider)
Callback (computer programming)
Callback_(computer_programming)
Special function called to create an object
(C++) Resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) Allocation site Creational pattern Destructor (computer programming) Global constructor in C++, and
Constructor (object-oriented programming)
Constructor_(object-oriented_programming)
Mathematical study of the meaning of programming languages
In programming language theory, semantics is the rigorous mathematical logic study of the meaning of programming languages. Semantics assigns computational
Semantics (programming languages)
Semantics_(programming_languages)
High-level programming language first released in 1980
for example, inside a loop. Computer programming portal Ada compilers ALGOL 68 – Programming language APSE – Programming environment specificationPages
Ada_(programming_language)
Guidance and navigation computer used in Apollo spacecraft
The Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC) is a digital computer produced for the Apollo program that was installed on board each Apollo command module (CM) and
Apollo_Guidance_Computer
Approach to software development
Literate programming (LP) is a programming paradigm introduced in 1984 by Donald Knuth in which a computer program is given as an explanation of how it
Literate_programming
Value that is not changed during execution
In computer programming, a constant is a value that is not altered by the program during normal execution. When associated with an identifier, a constant
Constant (computer programming)
Constant_(computer_programming)
Notation for ranges or parent directory
In computer programming, ellipsis notation (.. or ...) is used to denote ranges, an unspecified number of arguments, or a parent directory. Most programming
Ellipsis (computer programming)
Ellipsis_(computer_programming)
Programmable machine that processes data
electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs, which enable computers to perform a wide range of tasks. The term computer system
Computer
First book on computer programming (1951)
Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer (sometimes called WWG, after its authors' initials) was the first book on computer programming. Published
The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer
The_Preparation_of_Programs_for_an_Electronic_Digital_Computer
Computer program that runs as a background process
Research Unix and BSD starts daemons from an initialization script. A daemon started as a command in an initialization script must either fork a child process
Daemon_(computing)
Notation for representing a fixed value in source code
In computer science, a literal is a textual representation (notation) of a value as it is written in source code. Almost all programming languages have
Literal (computer programming)
Literal_(computer_programming)
Procedural programming language
putchar(col%50?' ':'*n'); } putchar('*n*n'); } v[2000]; n 2000; "B - computer programming language". Encyclopedia Britannica. Thompson, Ken (7 January 1972)
B_(programming_language)
Software that executes source code directly
used as early as 1952 to ease programming within the limitations of computers at the time (e.g. a shortage of program storage space, or no native support
Interpreter_(computing)
General-purpose programming language
collection. Python supports multiple programming paradigms but with an emphasis on object-oriented programming and dynamic typing. Guido van Rossum began
Python_(programming_language)
Functional programming language for arrays
symbols instead of APL symbols. APL (named after the book A Programming Language) is a programming language developed in the 1960s by Kenneth E. Iverson. Its
APL_(programming_language)
Process of making a computer program ready for execution
Installation (or setup) of a computer program (including device drivers and plugins) is the act of making the program ready for execution. Installation
Installation (computer programs)
Installation_(computer_programs)
Branch of computer science
Programming language theory (PLT) is a branch of computer science that deals with the design, implementation, analysis, characterization, and classification
Programming_language_theory
Programming paradigm based on applying and composing functions
In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions. It is a declarative
Functional_programming
Programming language for experimentation or art
esoteric programming language (sometimes shortened to esolang) or weird language is a programming language designed to test the boundaries of computer programming
Esoteric_programming_language
Control flow construct for executing code repeatedly
has two additional parts: initialization (loop variant), and increment, both of which are blocks of code. The initialization is intended as code that prepares
Loop_(statement)
Evolving computer programs with techniques analogous to natural genetic processes
"Genetic Programming: On the Programming of Computers by Means of Natural Selection". www.cs.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 2018-05-19. "Genetic Programming:The Movie"
Genetic_programming
1982 Japanese initiative to develop advanced computers
(MITI) to develop computers based on massively parallel computing and logic programming. The project aimed to create an "epoch-making computer" with supercomputer-like
Fifth Generation Computer Systems
Fifth_Generation_Computer_Systems
History of computer programming using punch cards
the invention of computer programming languages up to the mid-1970s, most computer programmers created, edited and stored their programs line by line on
Computer programming in the punched card era
Computer_programming_in_the_punched_card_era
Type of programming paradigm in computer science
In computer science, imperative programming is a software programming paradigm that provides specific instructions for how computations should take place
Imperative_programming
Subset of game development
Game programming, a subset of game development, is the software development of video games. Game programming requires substantial skills in software engineering
Video_game_programming
Demarcated group of source code statements that run in sequence
In computer programming, a block of source code is a grouping of statements that execute in sequential order, top to bottom. The block structure is fundamental
Block_(programming)
simpler programming. These pushdown automatons were also implemented in minicomputers and microprocessors later, which influenced programming language
History_of_computing_hardware
C++ compiler optimization eliminating unnecessary copying of objects
result, copy-initialization is usually equivalent to direct-initialization in terms of performance, but not in semantics; copy-initialization still requires
Copy_elision
Computer programming structure used to create objects
In programming, a class is a syntactic entity structure used to create objects. The capabilities of a class differ between programming languages, but
Class_(programming)
Pointer that does not point to a valid object
Dangling pointers and wild pointers in computer programming are pointers that do not point to a valid object of the appropriate type. These are special
Dangling_pointer
Arrangement of computer hardware and software
configuration of peripherals BIOS settings – Firmware for hardware initialization and OS runtime servicesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect
Computer_configuration
Computer program that translates code from one programming language to another
A translator or programming language processor is a computer program that converts the programming instructions written in human convenient form into machine
Translator_(computing)
Object-oriented programming language
"once routines" perform a required initialization: multiple calls to a library can include a call to the initialization procedure, but only the first such
Eiffel_(programming_language)
American computer scientist known for Unix (born 1943)
of the greatest computer programmers of all time. Thompson was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. When asked how he learned to program, Thompson stated
Ken_Thompson
Setting or re-setting the value associated with a variable name
In computer programming, an assignment statement sets and/or re-sets the value stored in the storage location(s) denoted by a variable name; in other words
Assignment_(computer_science)
1951 computer animation
Bouncing Ball was an early interactive computer graphics program developed for the Whirlwind I computer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Bouncing Ball (computer program)
Bouncing_Ball_(computer_program)
19th century proposed mechanical computer
proposed digital mechanical general-purpose computer designed by the English mathematician and computer pioneer Charles Babbage. It was first described
Analytical_engine
logic powerful intuitive user-level programming language. The REDUCE language is a high-level structured programming language based on ALGOL 60 (but with
Reduce (computer algebra system)
Reduce_(computer_algebra_system)
Method in computer programming of forming higher-level object types
Composite type. Computer programming portal Composite type Composition over inheritance Decomposition (computer science) Delegation (programming) Function composition
Object_composition
Programming technique to restrict a class to a single instance
lazy thread-safe initialization, it can still be emulated in other languages. For example, in Java, one can use the initialization-on-demand holder idiom:
Singleton_pattern
Engineering approach to software development
software applications. It involves applying engineering principles and computer programming expertise to develop software systems that meet user needs. A software
Software_engineering
General-purpose programming language
procedures Default initialization of derived type components, including pointer initialization Expanded the ability to use initialization expressions for
Fortran
Low-level programming language family
many programmers. There are still certain computer programming domains in which the use of assembly programming is more common: Writing code for systems
Assembly_language
Model of concurrent computation
logic programming systems do not follow deductively from previous steps (see Indeterminacy in concurrent computation). Recently, logic programming has been
Actor_model
First working programmable, fully automatic digital computer
electromechanical computer designed by Konrad Zuse in 1938, and completed in 1941. It was the world's first working programmable, fully automatic digital computer. The
Z3_(computer)
list of researchers of programming language theory, design, implementation, and related areas. Martín Abadi, for the programming language Baby Modula-3
List of programming language researchers
List_of_programming_language_researchers
Rules of thumb in C++
five members as default. C++ classes Class (computer programming) Stroustrup, Bjarne (2000). The C++ Programming Language (3 ed.). Addison-Wesley. pp. 283–4
Rule of three (C++ programming)
Rule_of_three_(C++_programming)
Text-string-oriented programming language
quasi-initialism) 'StriNg Oriented symBOlic Language'. Icon (programming language) Snowball (programming language) Snostorm SPITBOL Unicon (programming language)
SNOBOL
Family of programming languages
and programming languages with advanced features (such as Pascal and C) became tenable on such computers. By then, most nontechnical personal computer users
BASIC
Informal guidelines used by software developers
programming best practices are a set of informal, sometimes personal, rules (best practices) that many software developers, in computer programming follow
Coding_best_practices
Style of computer programming
Generic programming is a style of computer programming in which algorithms are written in terms of data types to-be-specified-later that are then instantiated
Generic_programming
Object-oriented programming language
its release, and has been a popular programming language since then. Java was the third most popular programming language in 2022[update] according to
Java_(programming_language)
Debugging method used in software development
ENIAC, one of the earliest digital computers, by programmer Betty Holberton. In the initial design of ENIAC, program flow was set by plugging cables from
Breakpoint
Numerical computing environment and programming language
replacing mainframe computers at the time. John Little and programmer Steve Bangert re-programmed MATLAB in C, created the MATLAB programming language, and
MATLAB
Ability of a computing system to simulate Turing machines
data-manipulation rules (such as a model of computation, a computer's instruction set, a programming language, or a cellular automaton) is said to be Turing-complete
Turing_completeness
Programming language
and procedural programming language, designed by Niklaus Wirth as a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using
Pascal_(programming_language)
1984 video game
compete for control of a virtual computer. These programs are written in an abstract assembly language called Redcode. Initial standards for Redcode and the
Core_War
Software that translates code from one programming language to another
"compiler" is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to a low-level programming language (e.g., assembly
Compiler
General-purpose programming language
Ruby is a general-purpose programming language designed with an emphasis on programming productivity and simplicity. In Ruby, everything is an object
Ruby_(programming_language)
Software bug that seems to change when debugging
In computer programming jargon, a heisenbug is a software bug that seems to disappear or alter its behavior when one attempts to study it. The term is
Heisenbug
variety. Object-oriented programming: Contextualization consists, at object creation time, to provide adequate initialization parameters to a class constructor
Contextualization (computer science)
Contextualization_(computer_science)
General-purpose programming language
general-purpose programming language created by Danish computer scientist Bjarne Stroustrup. First released in 1985 as an extension of the C programming language
C++
Image shown by a computer program while loading or initializing
element that appears while a computer program, application or video game completes background process or system initialization. Its purpose is to inform
Loading_screen
Programming paradigm based on block-based control flow
Structured programming is a programming paradigm characterized by source code that uses block-based source code structure to encode control flow such as
Structured_programming
a record of notable programming languages, by decade. History of computing hardware History of programming languages Programming language Timeline of
Timeline of programming languages
Timeline_of_programming_languages
Performing the actions encoded in a computer program
the process by which a computer program is processed to perform the actions that it encodes. As the processor follows the program instructions, effects
Execution_(computing)
Programming language
Go Programming Language". The Go Programming Language. "The Go Programming Language Specification". The Go Programming Language. "The Go Programming Language
Go_(programming_language)
Restore a system to a previous stable state
In a computer or data transmission system, a reset clears any pending errors or events and brings a system to normal condition or an initial state, usually
Reset_(computing)
Remote Initial Program Load (RIPL or RPL) is a protocol for starting a computer and loading its operating system from a server via a network. Such a server
Remote_Initial_Program_Load
First electronic general-purpose digital computer
2013). "Programming the ENIAC". Programming the ENIAC. Columbia University. Retrieved May 16, 2016. Alt, Franz (July 1972). "Archaeology of computers: reminiscences
ENIAC
Software class or data structure whose instances are collections of other objects
object-oriented programming (2nd ed.). Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-82419-1. OCLC 34788238. Container Data Structure Declaration and Initialization
Container (abstract data type)
Container_(abstract_data_type)
Programming language
section is the instance initializer" | "slots declarations are always between bars" public x ::= i. " ::= denotes slot initialization of a mutable slot" public
Newspeak (programming language)
Newspeak_(programming_language)
Method to solve optimization problems
Linear programming is a special case of mathematical programming (also known as mathematical optimization). More formally, linear programming is a technique
Linear_programming
Sub-field of computer science
Programming languages are typically created by designing a form of representation of a computer program, and writing an implementation for the developed
Programming language design and implementation
Programming_language_design_and_implementation
Programming languages binary operator
Ramajaran, V. (1994), Computer Programming in C, New Delhi: Prentice Hall of India Dixit, J.B (2005), Fundamentals of computers and programming in C, New Delhi:
Comma_operator
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INITIALIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
INITIALIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
INITIALIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
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