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Topics referred to by the same term
M cells may refer to: Microfold cell Magnocellular cell Motilin secreting cells of the gastrointestinal tract This disambiguation page lists articles
M_cells
Cell in gut capable of antigen uptake
example of a cell surface receptor on M cells. M cells lack microvilli but, like other epithelial cells, they are characterized by strong cell junctions
Microfold_cell
Events leading to cell division
The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the sequence of events that take place in a cell and lead to its division into two daughter cells. These events
Cell_cycle
Type of neuron of the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus
Magnocellular cells, also called M-cells, are neurons located within the magnocellular layer of the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus. The cells are part
Magnocellular_cell
Accessory cell of the mammalian immune system
on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system. They act as messengers between the innate and adaptive immune systems. Dendritic cells are present
Dendritic_cell
Basic unit of life forms
highly-differentiated cell types (examples include red blood cells and gametes) most cells are capable of replication, and protein synthesis. Some types of cell are motile
Cell_(biology)
Type of neuron in fish and amphibians
C-start response). The cells are also notable for their unusual use of both chemical and electrical synapses. Mauthner cells first appear in lampreys
Mauthner_cell
Type of immune cell
The T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune
T_helper_cell
Cell that displays antigen bound by MHC proteins on its surface
antigen-presenting cells, including macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells, present foreign antigens to helper T cells, while virus-infected cells (or cancer cells) can
Antigen-presenting_cell
Cell that produces gastrointestinal hormones
Enteroendocrine cells are specialized cells of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas with endocrine function. They produce gastrointestinal hormones
Enteroendocrine_cell
Class of peripheral neurons
comparison to P cells, Magnocellular (M) cells do not display color opponency, and have much lower spatial resolution. Koniocellular (K) Cells : K-cells only account
Ganglion_cell
Type of white blood cell
of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on their cell surface. T cells are born from hematopoietic stem cells, found in the bone marrow. Developing T cells then migrate
T_cell
Type of cytotoxic lymphocyte
Natural killer cells, also known as NK cells, are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte critical to the innate immune system. They are a kind of large granular
Natural_killer_cell
Diffuse system of lymphoid tissue
MALT is populated by lymphocytes such as T cells and B cells, as well as plasma cells, dendritic cells and macrophages, each of which is well situated
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
Mucosa-associated_lymphoid_tissue
Stem cells that give rise to other blood cells
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells that give rise to other blood cells. This process is called haematopoiesis. In vertebrates, the first
Hematopoietic_stem_cell
Lymphatic tissue in the lower small intestine
specialized cells called microfold cells (M cells) which sample antigen directly from the lumen and deliver it to antigen-presenting cells (located in
Peyer's_patch
Unspecialized biological cell that can become specialized
multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can change into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely
Stem_cell
Type of cells of the immunological system
White blood cells (scientific name leukocytes), also called immune cells or immunocytes, are cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting
White_blood_cell
Device used to produce electricity from light
Almost all commercial PV cells consist of crystalline silicon, with a market share of 95%. Cadmium telluride thin-film solar cells account for the remainder
Solar_cell
Genetically engineered T cell
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T cells)—also known as chimeric immunoreceptors, chimeric T cell receptors or artificial T cell receptors—are receptor
CAR_T_cell
Pluripotent stem cell generated directly from a somatic cell
pluripotent stem cells (also known as iPS cells or iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell that can be generated directly from a somatic cell. The iPSC technology
Induced_pluripotent_stem_cell
Cell cycle checkpoint in eukaryotic organisms
The G2-M DNA damage checkpoint is an important cell cycle checkpoint in eukaryotic organisms that ensures that cells don't initiate mitosis until damaged
G2-M_DNA_damage_checkpoint
Protein family
is secreted by endocrine Mo cells (also referred to as M cells, which are not the same as the M cells, or microfold cells, found in Peyer's patches) that
Motilin
Macrophage cell of the skin
rare disease Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), an excess of cells similar to these cells are produced. However LCH cells stain positive to CD14 which
Langerhans_cell
Medical term
other molecules into or out of the cell. Specialized cells in the intestinal epithelium called microfold cells (M cells) will sample bacteria and their antigens
Intestinal_permeability
Oldest cultured human cell line (1951)
alive, and developed a cell line. Previously, cells cultured from other human cells would survive for only a few days, but cells from Lacks's tumor behaved
HeLa
Type of white blood cell
believed. B cells, unlike the other two classes of lymphocytes, T cells and natural killer cells, express B cell receptors (BCRs) on their cell membrane
B_cell
Type of cell within the eye
intermediate neuron types: bipolar cells and retina amacrine cells. Retina amacrine cells, particularly narrow field cells, are important for creating functional
Retinal_ganglion_cell
Single-cell layer lining the intestines
types are the secretory cells – goblet cells, Paneth cells, enteroendocrine cells, and Tuft cells. Paneth cells are absent in the colon. As part of its
Intestinal_epithelium
Tissue lining the surfaces of organs in animals
two or more cells deep as stratified (layered), or compound, either squamous, columnar or cuboidal. In some tissues, a layer of columnar cells may appear
Epithelium
cells and contain all proliferative stem and progenitor cells. Differentiating cells exit the cell cycle and migrate out of the crypts and onto the surface
List of intestinal stem cell marker genes
List_of_intestinal_stem_cell_marker_genes
Branch of biology that studies cells
cells, with subtopics including the study of cell metabolism, cell communication, cell cycle, biochemistry, and cell composition. The study of cells is
Cell_biology
Type of pluripotent blastocystic stem cell
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage pre-implantation embryo. Human
Embryonic_stem_cell
Type of intestinal cell
Enterocytes, or intestinal absorptive cells, are simple columnar epithelial cells which line the inner surface of the small and large intestines. A glycocalyx
Enterocyte
Medical condition
oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells. This leads to the red blood cells adopting an abnormal sickle-like shape under certain circumstances
Sickle_cell_disease
Multipotent adult stem cells present in multiple tissues
variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone-making cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), myocytes (muscle cells) and adipocytes (fat cells which give
Mesenchymal_stem_cell
Cell division into two identical cells
altogether define the mitotic phase (M phase) of a cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells genetically identical to each other
Mitosis
Photoreceptor cells responsible for color vision made to function in bright light
Cone cells or cones are photoreceptor cells in the retina of the vertebrate eye. Cones are active in daylight conditions and enable photopic vision, as
Cone_cell
Biological process
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells. Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle in which
Cell_division
Chronobiological model of entrainment
peaks. In 2007, Stoleru found that the M cells dominate the circadian rhythm on short days while the E cells dominate the rhythm on long days. This alternating
Dual circadian oscillator model
Dual_circadian_oscillator_model
White blood cells of the immune system
The regulatory T cells (Tregs /ˈtiːrɛɡ/ or Treg cells), formerly known as suppressor T cells, are a subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune
Regulatory_T_cell
Field of study
antigen-presenting cells present in Peyer's patches. In addition, dendritic cells in Peyer's patches can extend their dendrites through M cell-specific transcellular
Mucosal_immunology
Organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for respiration
damaged cells Endothelial cell donation to cancer cells can increase chemoresistance or tumorigenic potential. Following acute lung injury, stromal cells can
Mitochondria
Ability of a cell to differentiate into other cell types
extraembryonic tissue cell. In contrast, pluripotent cells can only differentiate into embryonic cells. A fully differentiated cell can return to a state
Cell_potency
Epithelial cell in the stomach
Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells) are epithelial cells in the stomach that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. These cells are
Parietal_cell
Use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition
Stem-cell therapy uses stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. As of 2024[update], the only FDA-approved therapy using stem cells is hematopoietic
Stem-cell_therapy
Biological process of growth and division
average size of cells remains constant in the population. Cell division can occur without cell growth, producing many progressively smaller cells (as in cleavage
Cell_proliferation
T cell that kills infected, damaged or cancerous cells
of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens such as viruses or bacteria, or cells that are damaged
Cytotoxic_T_cell
Device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity
in the battery. Fuel cells can produce electricity continuously for as long as fuel and oxygen are supplied. The first fuel cells were invented by Sir
Fuel_cell
Neuroendocrine cells in the thyroid
Parafollicular cells, also called C cells, are neuroendocrine cells in the thyroid. They are called C cells because the primary function of these cells is to secrete
Parafollicular_cell
Androgen-producing cell adjacent to the seminiferous tubules of the testicle
Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of the testes and interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle
Leydig_cell
Gamete-producing cell
somatic cells. Germ cells produce gametes and are the only cells that can undergo meiosis as well as mitosis. Somatic cells are all the other cells that
Germ_cell
Subset of T lymphocytes
Memory T cells are a subset of T lymphocytes that might have some of the same functions as memory B cells. Their lineage is unclear. Antigen-specific memory
Memory_T_cell
Cell line derived from human embryonic kidney cells
embryonic kidney 293 cells, also often referred to as HEK 293, HEK-293, 293 cells, are an immortalised cell line derived from HEK cells isolated from a female
HEK_293_cells
Receptors in the skin of vertebrates
Merkel cells, also known as Merkel–Ranvier cells or tactile epithelial cells, are oval-shaped mechanoreceptors essential for light touch sensation and
Merkel_cell
Immune cell found in connective tissue
myeloid progenitor cells, mast cells are granulocytes, a type of white blood cell, and part of the immune and neuroimmune systems. Mast cells were described
Mast_cell
Tissue
immune cells. There are lymphoid follicles with apparent germinal centres with most B-cells surrounded by T-cell area. In interfollicular T-cell area,
Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue
Bronchus-associated_lymphoid_tissue
Bone marrow cancer in which lymphocytes are overproduced
patient must have a white blood cell count greater than 5 billion cells per liter (L) (5 billion/L) of blood. If CLL-type cells are mainly found in the lymph
Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia
Oxygen-delivering blood cell and the most common type of blood cell
medical publishing, also known as red cells, erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means
Red_blood_cell
Component of the visual system in the brain's thalamus
ganglion cells. Retinal P ganglion cells send axons to a parvocellular layer, M ganglion cells send axons to a magnocellular layer, and K ganglion cells send
Lateral_geniculate_nucleus
Connective tissue cell of any organ
Stromal cells, or mesenchymal stromal cells, are differentiating cells found in abundance within bone marrow but can also be seen all around the body.
Stromal_cell
Type of immune cell
Marginal-zone B cells (MZ B cells) are noncirculating mature B cells that in humans segregate anatomically into the marginal zone (MZ) of the spleen and
Marginal-zone_B_cell
Human immortalised myelogenous leukemia cell line
K562 cells were the first human immortalised myelogenous leukemia cell line to be established. K562 cells are of the erythroleukemia type, and the cell line
K562_cells
T cell which has not yet encountered its cognate antigen
the naive forms of helper T cells (CD4+) and cytotoxic T cells (CD8+). Naive T cells, unlike activated or memory T cells, have not encountered its cognate
Naive_T_cell
Lymphoid organs in the mouth and throat
accumulate innate immune cells such as mast cells and monocytes expressing CD206 and CD163, indicating altered phagocytic profiles. T-cell activity also declines
Tonsil
Specialised kidney cells
corpuscle. The mesangial cell population accounts for approximately 30-40% of the total cells in the glomerulus. Mesangial cells can be categorized as either
Mesangial_cell
observed cells are really one or multiple types of cells. This lack of standards makes it difficult to estimate how many cell types and how many cells of each
List_of_human_cell_types
Spreading of a disease inside a body
the direct extension and penetration by cancer cells into neighboring tissues. Cancer occurs after cells are genetically altered to proliferate rapidly
Metastasis
Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) represent a unique stromal cell population of the thymus which plays an essential role in the establishment
Medullary thymic epithelial cells
Medullary_thymic_epithelial_cells
Tissue
epithelial cells and a small number of specialized epithelial cells called microfold cells (M cells) in between. Unlike enterocytes, these M cells present
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue
Gut-associated_lymphoid_tissue
White blood cell that secretes large volumes of antibodies
Plasma cells, also called plasma B cells or effector B cells, are white blood cells that originate in the lymphoid organs as B cells and secrete large
Plasma_cell
Type of cell found in muscle tissue
skeletal muscle cell is long and threadlike with many nuclei and is called a muscle fiber. Muscle cells develop from embryonic precursor cells called myoblasts
Muscle_cell
Process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions
cells is genetically determined, but some cell-culturing cells have been 'transformed' into immortal cells which will reproduce indefinitely if the optimal
Cell_culture
Medical condition
like lymph nodes. Covering Peyer's patches are a layer of cells called M cells. These cells function to sample the content of the lumen of the intestines
Paratuberculosis
Primary cell of the nervous system
of neurons were the peptidergic secretory cells. They eventually gained new gene modules which enabled cells to create post-synaptic scaffolds and ion
Neuron
Connective tissue cell which produces reticular fibers
reticular cells, including epithelial, mesenchymal, and fibroblastic reticular cells. Fibroblastic reticular cells are involved in directing B cells and T
Reticular_cell
Control mechanism in the eukaryotic cell cycle
the cell and its contents evenly between the two resulting cells. In eukaryotes, the cell cycle consists of four main stages: G1, during which a cell is
Cell_cycle_checkpoint
Cell line
Jurkat cells are an immortalized line of human T lymphocyte cells that are used to study acute T cell leukemia, T cell signaling, and the expression of
Jurkat_cells
Multipotent stem cell in the adult body
Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells, found throughout the body after development, that multiply by cell division to replenish dying cells and regenerate
Adult_stem_cell
B cell lymphocytes
mediate B cell-B cell interaction. What differentiates B1 cells from other B cells is the variable existence of CD5, CD86, IgM and IgD. B-1 B cells, in the
B1_cell
Type of cell found in pancreatic islets
Beta cells (β-cells) are specialized endocrine cells located within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans responsible for the production and release of
Beta_cell
This is a list of immune cells, also known as white blood cells, white cells, leukocytes, or leucocytes. They are cells involved in protecting the body
List_of_immune_cells
Protein family
retinal cells upon its initial discovery in the central nervous system of arthropods. The movement and aggregation of pigments in retina cells and extra-retinal
Pigment_dispersing_factor
Support-cells in the nervous system
Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Glia, also called glial cells or neuroglia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (the brain and the spinal
Glia
Theory that living organisms are made up of cells
all cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure in all living organisms and also the basic unit of reproduction. Cell theory
Cell_theory
Type of liver cell
Hepatic stellate cells (HSC), also known as perisinusoidal cells or Ito cells (earlier lipocytes or fat-storing cells), are pericytes found in the perisinusoidal
Hepatic_stellate_cell
Male reproductive cell
coating sperm cells are also utilized by some cancerous and bacterial cells, some parasitic worms, and HIV-infected white blood cells, thereby avoiding
Sperm
Domain of life whose cells have nuclei
that lack a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are often much larger and contain more genetic information than bacterial cells. This genetic information is divided
Eukaryote
Alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics
silicon-based tandem cells, to 34.85%, exceeding the maximum efficiency achieved in single-junction silicon solar cells. Perovskite solar cells have therefore
Perovskite_solar_cell
Cancer cells with features of normal cells
stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically
Cancer_stem_cell
Medical procedure to replace blood or immune stem cells
blood cells. HSCT may be autologous (the patient's own stem cells are used), syngeneic (stem cells from an identical twin), or allogeneic (stem cells from
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic_stem_cell_transplantation
Carcinoma that derives from squamous epithelial cells
Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), also known as epidermoid carcinoma, comprises a number of different types of cancer that begin in squamous cells. These cells form
Squamous-cell_carcinoma
Ratio of energy extracted from sunlight in solar cells
W/ft2). In 2026 using triple III-V germanium cells and shingled matrix technology to interconnect cells, Fraunhofer achieved efficiency of 34.4%. An important
Solar-cell_efficiency
Spectrum of blood disorders
clones of pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells (sometimes in association with lymphoplasmacytoid cells or B lymphocytes) over-produce and secrete into
Plasma_cell_dyscrasias
Unicellular organism lacking a membrane-bound nucleus
cytoplasmic bridges between cells that transfer DNA between cells, while Sulfolobus solfataricus transfers DNA between cells by direct contact. Exposure
Prokaryote
Body parts responsible for vision
P cells (color and edges) of the optic nerve. By contrast, layers two, three and five of the LGN connect to the M cells and P (parvocellular) cells of
Visual_system
Form of programmed cell death
billion cells each day to apoptosis. For the average human child between 8 and 14 years old, each day the approximate loss is 20 to 30 billion cells. In contrast
Apoptosis
Type of neuroepithelial cell
cones, and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. The two classic photoreceptor cells are rods and cones, each contributing information used
Photoreceptor_cell
Type of gastric gland cell
this type of cell. However, those terms can also be used to describe other cell types (for example, parathyroid chief cells). Chief cells are also known
Gastric_chief_cell
Human retrovirus, cause of AIDS
HIV infects vital cells in the human immune system, such as helper T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. HIV infection leads
HIV
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