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page compiles a list of databases, web portals and servers containing information on nucleic acid modification. RNA modification occurs in all living organisms
Nucleic acid modification databases
Nucleic_acid_modification_databases
Nitrogen-containing biological compounds that form nucleosides
modified bases and their symbols can be found in the many nucleic acid modification databases and as part of tRNAdb. A vast number of nucleobase analogues
Nucleotide_base
Chemical changes in proteins following their translation from mRNA
information repository of protein post-translational modification". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Database issue): D622-7. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj083. PMC 1347446
Post-translational modification
Post-translational_modification
Molecule that carries genetic information
and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids. Alongside proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), nucleic acids are one of the four
DNA
Class of large biomolecules essential to all known life
Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that are crucial in all cells and viruses. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomer components: a
Nucleic_acid
Organic compounds containing amine and carboxylic groups
D-amino acid residues are found in proteins, and are converted from the L-amino acid as a post-translational modification. Five amino acids possess a
Amino_acid
Laboratory technique to multiply a DNA sample for study
helix are physically separated at a high temperature in a process called nucleic acid denaturation. In the second step, the temperature is lowered and the
Polymerase_chain_reaction
Class of short biopolymers
laboratory by solid-phase chemical synthesis, these small fragments of nucleic acids can be manufactured as single-stranded molecules with any user-specified
Oligonucleotide
Post-transcriptional RNA modification database
of modifications to messenger RNA, non-coding RNA and microRNA, and also includes information on disease-related SNPs. Nucleic acid modification databases
RNA_Modification_Base
Family of large biological molecules
proteins (messenger RNA). RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are nucleic acids. The nucleic acids constitute one of the four major macromolecules essential
RNA
Amino acid that is incorporated biosynthetically into proteins during translation
latter often results from post-translational modification of proteins. Some non-proteinogenic amino acids are incorporated into nonribosomal peptides which
Proteinogenic_amino_acid
Tingting (2019-10-04). "PhaSepDB: a database of liquid–liquid phase separation related proteins". Nucleic Acids Research. 48 (D1): D354–D359. doi:10
List of liquid–liquid phase separation databases
List_of_liquid–liquid_phase_separation_databases
Basepairing interactions within a single nucleic acid polymer or between two polymers
Nucleic acid secondary structure is the basepairing interactions within a single nucleic acid polymer or between two polymers. It can be represented as
Nucleic acid secondary structure
Nucleic_acid_secondary_structure
Oligonucleotide or peptide molecules that bind specific targets
nucleic acids in DNA or RNA. Chemical modifications of nucleic acid bases or backbones increase the chemical diversity of standard nucleic acid bases.
Aptamer
Linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein
represent the 22 naturally encoded amino acids, as well as mixtures or ambiguous amino acids (similar to nucleic acid notation). Peptides can be directly sequenced
Protein_primary_structure
Set of chemical reactions in organisms
building blocks of macromolecules (biopolymers) such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and some carbohydrates; and the excretion of metabolic wastes. These
Metabolism
Computational prediction of nucleic acid structure
Nucleic acid structure prediction is a computational method to determine secondary and tertiary nucleic acid structure from its sequence. Secondary structure
Nucleic acid structure prediction
Nucleic_acid_structure_prediction
Amino acid
Kozlowski LP (January 2017). "Proteome-pI: proteome isoelectric point database". Nucleic Acids Research. 45 (D1): D1112–D1116. doi:10.1093/nar/gkw978. PMC 5210655
Aspartic_acid
RNA base pair that does not follow Watson–Crick base pair rules
and hypoxanthine–cytosine (I–C). In order to maintain consistency of nucleic acid nomenclature, "I" is used for hypoxanthine because hypoxanthine is the
Wobble_base_pair
American life sciences company
contamination and allow high-yield purification of large DNA fragments. NEB's nucleic acid purification products have been used in various studies, including: Purification
New_England_Biolabs
Biochemical process in which fatty acids are derived from acetyl-CoA and NADPH
In biochemistry, fatty acid synthesis is the process by which fatty acids, the fundamental building blocks of fats, are derived from metabolic intermediates
Fatty_acid_synthesis
Class of chemical compounds
involved in all life processes along with nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids. "Environmental ᴅ-amino acids are thought to be derived from organic diagenesis
D-Amino_acid
Rules by which information encoded within genetic material is translated into proteins
specify which amino acid will be added next during protein biosynthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies
Genetic_code
Study of DNA modifications that do not change its sequence
therapeutic implications of non-coding RNA modifications in human cancers". Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids. 25: 67–82. doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2021.04.021
Epigenetics
Sequence of DNA that determines traits in an organism
Francis (April 1953). "Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid". Nature. 171 (4356): 737–8. Bibcode:1953Natur
Gene
Database of protein sequences and functional information
about the protein to be retrieved from the source databases. When sequences in the source databases change, these changes are tracked by UniParc and history
UniProt
Biomolecule consisting of chains of amino acid residues
damaged. Like other biological macromolecules such as polysaccharides and nucleic acids, proteins are essential parts of organisms and participate in virtually
Protein
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(January 2010). "SMPDB: The Small Molecule Pathway Database". Nucleic Acids Research. 38 (Database issue): D480–D487. doi:10.1093/nar/gkp1002. PMC 2808928
Ibuprofen
Database of protein domains, families and functional sites
Langendijk-Genevaux PS, Sigrist CJA (2007). "The 20 years of PROSITE". Nucleic Acids Res. 36 (Database issue): D245–9. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm977. PMC 2238851. PMID 18003654
PROSITE
RNA processing within a biological cell
(January 2013). "MODOMICS: a database of RNA modification pathways--2013 update". Nucleic Acids Research. 41 (Database issue): D262-7. doi:10.1093/nar/gks1007
Post-transcriptional modification
Post-transcriptional_modification
Group of simple sugar and carbohydrate compounds
enantiomer of Fischer and Piloty's product, and an essential component of nucleic acids. Fischer chose the name "ribose" as it is a partial rearrangement of
Ribose
Class of enzymes which synthesize nucleic acid chains or polymers
(EC 2.7.7.6/7/19/48/49) that synthesizes long chains of polymers or nucleic acids. DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase are used to assemble DNA and RNA
Polymerase
2011). "PolyQ: a database describing the sequence and domain context of polyglutamine repeats in proteins". Nucleic Acids Res. 39 (Database issue). England:
PolyQ_(database)
Basic structural unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes
Approach: Structural Engineering of Nucleic Acids by Disulfide Cross-Linking". In Eckstein F, Lilley DM (eds.). Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology. Vol. 8
Nucleosome
Set of biological processes
used in synthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids, or it can be catabolized to pyruvate. In humans, fatty acids are formed from carbohydrates predominantly
Fatty_acid_metabolism
Systematized collection of data in bioinformatics
gene-disease mechanisms. Gene Disease Databases integrate human gene-disease associations from various expert curated databases and text mining derived associations
Gene_Disease_Database
Artificial intelligence program by DeepMind
2024). "ChannelsDB 2.0: a comprehensive database of protein tunnels and pores in AlphaFold era". Nucleic Acids Research. 52 (D1): D413–D418. doi:10.1093/nar/gkad1012
AlphaFold
Type of genetic engineering
earliest methods of efficiently editing nucleic acids employs nucleobase modifying enzymes directed by nucleic acid guide sequences. It was first described
Genome_editing
Database for DNA restriction enzymes
(Jan 2010). "REBASE--a database for DNA restriction and modification: enzymes, genes and genomes". Nucleic Acids Res. 38 (Database issue). England: D234-6
REBASE_(database)
Virus that infects bacteria
"PhageScope: a well-annotated bacteriophage database with automatic analyses and visualizations". Nucleic Acids Research. 52 (D1): D756–D761. doi:10.1093/nar/gkad979
Bacteriophage
Class of dyes
energy transfer (FRET) and fluorescent immunoassays. Cy3 conjugated to a nucleic acid is uniquely capable of protein-induced fluorescence enhancement (PIFE)
Cyanine
Three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in an amino acid-chain molecule
sequence databases focus on sequence information, and contain no structural information for the majority of entries. Protein structure databases are critical
Protein_structure
Molecular process
called NAIL-MS (nucleic acid isotope labelling coupled mass spectrometry), enables a variety of approaches to investigate RNA modification dynamics. Recently
RNA_editing
Biological database
of biological databases Liu, B.; Pop, M. (2009-01-01). "ARDB--Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database". Nucleic Acids Research. 37 (Database): D443–D447.
ARDB
Various uses and techniques of polymerase chain reaction in the laboratory
generating unique genetic fingerprints, without requiring prior knowledge of nucleic acid sequence. The low stringency conditions of the PCR and the short primers
Variants_of_PCR
Chemical compound
HB, Isaacs ST, Hearst JE (1985). "Psoralens as Photoactive Probes of Nucleic Acid Structure and Function: Organic Chemistry, Photochemistry, and Biochemistry"
Psoralen
Chemical compound which is reduced and oxidized
reducing agent in anabolic reactions like the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses. NADP exists in two forms: NADP+, the oxidized form, and NADPH
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide
Proteins that bind with DNA
and the leucine zipper (among many others) that facilitate binding to nucleic acid. There are also more unusual examples such as transcription activator
DNA-binding_protein
Interdisciplinary branch of biology and engineering
new types of nucleic acids or a new genetic code. The creation of new types of nucleotides that can be built into unique nucleic acids could be accomplished
Synthetic_biology
(2007). "BeetleBase: the model organism database for Tribolium castaneum". Nucleic Acids Res. 35 (Database issue): D476–9. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl776. PMC 1669707
Generic Model Organism Database
Generic_Model_Organism_Database
RNA that facilitates the addition of amino acids to a new protein
complete landscape of post-transcriptional modifications in mammalian mitochondrial tRNAs". Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (11): 7346–7357. doi:10.1093/nar/gku390
Transfer_RNA
Base pairs in molecular genetics
(September 1992). "The nucleic acid database. A comprehensive relational database of three-dimensional structures of nucleic acids". Biophysical Journal
Non-canonical_base_pairing
Class of enzymes that divide DNA
"REBASE--enzymes and genes for DNA restriction and modification". Nucleic Acids Research. 35 (Database issue): D269-70. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl891. PMC 1899104
Restriction_enzyme
"ChIPBase: a database for decoding the transcriptional regulation of long non-coding RNA and microRNA genes from ChIP-Seq data". Nucleic Acids Research.
Transcription factor binding site databases
Transcription_factor_binding_site_databases
Protein Data Bank: redesigned web site and web services". Nucleic Acids Res. 39 (Database issue): D392–401. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq1021. PMC 3013649. PMID 21036868
BioJava
American RNA biochemist
(RTI), she established the Nucleic Acid Chemistry Center. A theme of Khvorova's work is the study of chemical modifications to small interfering RNAs (siRNAs)
Anastasia_Khvorova
DNA region at which restriction enzymes cleave
Dana (2009-10-21). "REBASE—a database for DNA restriction and modification: enzymes, genes and genomes". Nucleic Acids Research. 38 (suppl_1): D234–D236
Restriction_site
(Jan 2011). "PHOSIDA 2011: the posttranslational modification database". Nucleic Acids Res. 39 (Database issue): D253-60. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq1159. PMC 3013726
PHOSIDA
American biotechnology company
(IDT), headquartered in Coralville, Iowa, is a supplier of custom nucleic acids, serving the areas of academic research, biotechnology, clinical diagnostics
Integrated_DNA_Technologies
Database of protein localization
"PSORTdb: a protein subcellular localization database for bacteria". Nucleic Acids Res. 33 (Database issue): D164–8. doi:10.1093/nar/gki027. PMC 539981
PSORTdb
Addition of one or more ADP-ribose moieties to a protein
Many different amino acid side chains have been described as ADP-ribose acceptors. From a chemical perspective, this modification represents protein glycosylation:
ADP-ribosylation
Class of ribonucleic acid that is not translated into proteins
expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered. Nucleic acids were first discovered in 1868 by Friedrich Miescher, and by 1939, RNA
Non-coding_RNA
Gene editing method
recognizes and a "spacer" region that is complementary to a piece of foreign nucleic acid (e.g., a portion of a phage genome) that previously infected the cell
CRISPR_gene_editing
Metabolism of xenobiotics
from normal cellular metabolism and can damage proteins, lipids and nucleic acids if not controlled. Their detoxification involves both broad-spectrum
Xenobiotic_metabolism
software is a compilation of software tools and web portals used for nucleic acid structure prediction. The single sequence methods mentioned above have
List of RNA structure prediction software
List_of_RNA_structure_prediction_software
Knowledgebase of protein termini
termini with proteolytic processing and modifications altering protein function". Nucleic Acids Research. 40 (Database issue): D351–D361. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr1025
TopFIND
"Phospho3D 2.0: an enhanced database of three-dimensional structures of phosphorylation sites". Nucleic Acids Research. 39 (Database issue): D268-71. doi:10
Phospho3D
Family of DNA sequences found in prokaryotic organisms
recognizes and a "spacer" region that is complementary to a piece of foreign nucleic acid (e.g., a portion of a phage genome) that previously infected the cell
CRISPR
S. (2016). "Carbohydrate structure database merged from bacterial, archaeal, plant and fungal parts". Nucleic Acids Research. 44 (D1): D1229–D1236. doi:10
Carbohydrate Structure Database
Carbohydrate_Structure_Database
Process of determining the nucleic acid sequence
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. It includes any method or technology that is
DNA_sequencing
Post-transcriptional modification RNA-binding protein Cook, Kate B.; Kazan, Hilal (2010). "RBPDB: a database of RNA-binding specificities". Nucleic Acids Research
RNA-binding_protein_database
Protein family around which DNA winds to form nucleosomes
tale beyond the tail: histone core domain modifications and the regulation of chromatin structure". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (9): 2653–62. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl338
Histone
RNA component of the ribosome, essential for protein synthesis in all living organisms
SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools". Nucleic Acids Research. 41 (Database issue): D590-6. doi:10.1093/nar/gks1219
Ribosomal_RNA
Biological database
BioGRID data are freely distributed through partner model organism databases and meta-databases and are directly downloadable in a variety of formats. BioGRID
BioGRID
Technologies to genetically improve human bodies
enhancement, human genetic modification or human genetic engineering refers to human enhancement by means of a genetic modification. This could be done in
Human_genetic_enhancement
DNA under electron microscope NMR databases NMR Atlas--database mmcif downloadable coordinate files of nucleic acids in solution from 2D-FT NMR data NMR
Molecular_models_of_DNA
Directory of allosteric proteins' structure
(Jan 2011). "ASD: a comprehensive database of allosteric proteins and modulators". Nucleic Acids Res. 39 (Database issue). England: D663-9. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq1022
ASD_(database)
Database of protein families, domains and functional sites
proteins contained in the UniParc and UniMES databases. The signatures from InterPro come from 13 "member databases", which are listed below. CATH-Gene3D Describes
InterPro
Francesca (Jan 2011). "Phospho.ELM: a database of phosphorylation sites--update 2011". Nucleic Acids Res. 39 (Database issue): D261-7. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq1104
Phospho.ELM
Yu (Jan 2011). "CPLA 1.0: an integrated database of protein lysine acetylation". Nucleic Acids Res. 39 (Database issue). England: D1029-34. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq939
Compendium of protein lysine acetylation
Compendium_of_protein_lysine_acetylation
Russian bioorganic chemist
principles of bioorganic chemistry, especially in the area of chemistry of nucleic acids, their properties and synthesis. Zoya (maiden surname is Rumyantseva)
Zoya_Shabarova
Amino acid
"Precision neutron diffraction structure determination of protein and nucleic acid components. X. A comparison between the crystal and molecular structures
Tyrosine
Enzyme that cleaves other proteins into smaller peptides
Bateman A (January 2010). "MEROPS: the peptidase database". Nucleic Acids Research. 38 (Database issue): D227–D233. doi:10.1093/nar/gkp971. PMC 2808883
Protease
Agents that emit light after excitation by light
reporters) for affine or bioactive reagents (antibodies, peptides, nucleic acids). Fluorophores are notably used to stain tissues, cells, or materials
Fluorophore
2009). "Minimotif miner 2nd release: a database and web system for motif search". Nucleic Acids Research. 37 (Database issue): D185-90. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn865
Short_linear_motif
Infectious agent that replicates in cells
Proteins associated with nucleic acid are known as nucleoproteins, and the association of viral capsid proteins with viral nucleic acid is called a nucleocapsid
Virus
Class of enzymes
DNA-methyltransferase (adenine-specific), EC 2.1.1.72; modification methylase, restriction-modification system) is an enzyme that adds a methyl group to the
DNA_adenine_methylase
Biochemical changes to RNA
Bujnicki JM (January 2018). "MODOMICS: a database of RNA modification pathways. 2017 update". Nucleic Acids Research. 46 (D1): D303–D307. doi:10.1093/nar/gkx1030
Epitranscriptome
Genetically modified human embryo
engineered nuclease system CRISPR/Cas9. Gene therapy is the delivery of a nucleic acid (usually DNA or RNA) into a cell as a pharmaceutical agent to treat disease
Designer_baby
Modular approach to chemical synthesis
worldwide exclusive license for the research and diagnostic market for the nucleic acid field. Fluorescent azides and alkynes are also produced by companies
Click_chemistry
Biological molecule
resource for decoding the landscape of RNA modifications from high-throughput sequencing data". Nucleic Acids Research. 44 (D1): D259–D265. doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1036
2'-O-methylation
Physical interactions and constructions between multiple proteins
Presence of other proteins, nucleic acids, and ions; Electric fields around proteins. Occurrence of covalent modifications; There are a multitude of methods
Protein–protein_interaction
Large-scale study of proteins
a toolkit for MD simulations of protein post-translational modifications". Nucleic Acids Research. 41 (Web Server issue): W422–W426. doi:10.1093/nar/gkt416
Proteomics
Linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell
require an energy input to construct macromolecules such as polypeptides, nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids. The isolated reaction of anabolism
Metabolic_pathway
Complex of DNA and protein in eukaryotic cells
number of A and T bases that will lie in the inner minor groove (see nucleic acid structure). Under certain experimental conditions, nucleosome arrays
Chromatin
"DAnCER: disease-annotated chromatin epigenetics resource". Nucleic Acids Res. 39 (Database issue): D889–94. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq857. PMC 3013761. PMID 20876685
DAnCER_(database)
Change in the heritable traits of populations
H. C. (25 April 1953). "Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid" (PDF). Nature. 171 (4356): 737–738. Bibcode:1953Natur
Evolution
DNA oligonucleotides that can perform a specific chemical reaction
of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built
Deoxyribozyme
Chemical process in which a methyl (CH3) group is covalently attached to a molecule
melting curves quantify the conformation and stability of RNA and DNA". Nucleic Acids Research. 39 (8): e52. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr035. PMC 3082908. PMID 21297115
Methylation
Discipline in genetics
in 1953 and Fred Sanger's publication of the Amino acid sequence of insulin in 1955, nucleic acid sequencing became a major target of early molecular
Genomics
NUCLEIC ACID-MODIFICATION-DATABASES
NUCLEIC ACID-MODIFICATION-DATABASES
Boy/Male
Arabic, Farsi, Hindu, Indian, Muslim
Support; Leader; Chief; A Great Man; Amin
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Supportive; Modification of the Name Saranya
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Restore
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Loving; Sweet; Cute
Boy/Male
Arabic
Certain; Strong; Firm
Boy/Male
Muslim
Pungent, Acrid
Male
English
Pet form of English Ace, ACIE means "number one."
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Worshipper
Boy/Male
Thai
Sun.
Boy/Male
Greek Latin
Lover of Galatea.
Boy/Male
Muslim Arabic
Worshipper. Adorer.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Great
Boy/Male
Indian
Worshipper of God
Girl/Female
British, Chilean, English, German, Indonesian
Horse Lover
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Avid; eager.
Boy/Male
Indian
Pungent, Acrid
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Avid; eager.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Farsi, German, Indian, Kannada, Muslim, Pashtun, Punjabi, Sikh, Sindhi
Worshipper of Allah; Spark of Fire; Worshipper of God
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Avid; eager.
Boy/Male
Hawaiian
Avid; eager.
NUCLEIC ACID-MODIFICATION-DATABASES
NUCLEIC ACID-MODIFICATION-DATABASES
Boy/Male
Italian Spanish
Enduring. The poet Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy with its graphic description of...
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
God Name
Male
French
French form of Teutonic Ermingild, ERMENEGILDE means "all-giving."Â
Girl/Female
Tamil
Aryana | à®…à®°à¯à®¯à®¾à®¨à®¾
Noble
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Possessive; Beauty
Boy/Male
Indian
Refined
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Beautiful; Honest
Boy/Male
Muslim
Radiance
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Goddess Lakshmi; Born from Lotus
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu
Wife of Pandu
NUCLEIC ACID-MODIFICATION-DATABASES
NUCLEIC ACID-MODIFICATION-DATABASES
NUCLEIC ACID-MODIFICATION-DATABASES
NUCLEIC ACID-MODIFICATION-DATABASES
NUCLEIC ACID-MODIFICATION-DATABASES
a.
Having a taste compounded of saltness and acidity; both salt and acid.
n.
A gelatinous modification of pectin.
a.
Causing heat and irritation; corrosive; as, acrid secretions.
n.
A white amorphous substance, regarded as a polymeric modification of isocyanic acid.
n.
An acid elevator, as a tube through which acid is forced to some height in a sulphuric acid manufactory.
a.
Alt. of Nuclear
n.
A constituent of the nuclei of all cells. It is a colorless amorphous substance, readily soluble in alkaline fluids and especially characterized by its comparatively large content of phosphorus. It also contains nitrogen and sulphur.
n.
The act of modifying, or the state of being modified; a modified form or condition; state as modified; a change; as, the modification of an opinion, or of a machine; the various modifications of light.
a.
Caustic; bitter; bitterly irritating; as, acrid temper, mind, writing.
a.
Sour, sharp, or biting to the taste; tart; having the taste of vinegar: as, acid fruits or liquors. Also fig.: Sour-tempered.
n.
One of a class of compounds, generally but not always distinguished by their sour taste, solubility in water, and reddening of vegetable blue or violet colors. They are also characterized by the power of destroying the distinctive properties of alkalies or bases, combining with them to form salts, at the same time losing their own peculiar properties. They all contain hydrogen, united with a more negative element or radical, either alone, or more generally with oxygen, and take their names from this negative element or radical. Those which contain no oxygen are sometimes called hydracids in distinction from the others which are called oxygen acids or oxacids.
n.
A substance associated with nuclein in cell nuclei, and by some considered as the fundamental substance of the nucleus.
a.
Of or pertaining to a nucleus; as, the nuclear spindle (see Illust. of Karyokinesis) or the nuclear fibrils of a cell; the nuclear part of a comet, etc.
pl.
of Nucleus
a.
Pertaining to, or designating, an isomeric modification of ricinoleic acid obtained as a white crystalline solid.
a.
Sharp and harsh, or bitter and not, to the taste; pungent; as, acrid salts.
v. t.
An aid-de-camp, so called by abbreviation; as, a general's aid.
a.
Of or pertaining to an acid; as, acid reaction.