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See searches and references containing CHEMICAL MODIFICATION!CHEMICAL MODIFICATION
Chemical modification refers to a number of various processes involving the alteration of the chemical constitution or structure of molecules. Chemical
Chemical_modification
Topics referred to by the same term
Modified car Body modification Grammatical modifier Home modifications Chemical modification, processes involving the alteration of the chemical constitution
Modification
Conspiracy theory about contrails
theory speculate that the purpose of the chemical release may be solar radiation management, weather modification, psychological manipulation, human population
Chemtrail_conspiracy_theory
Chemical changes in proteins following their translation from mRNA
Post-translational modifications can occur on the amino acid side chains or at the protein's C- or N- termini. They can expand the chemical set of the 22 amino
Post-translational modification
Post-translational_modification
Accoya, a type of modified wood
Accoya, is a type of chemically-modified wood that is produced through a chemical modification process. It is produced from a chemical reaction (named as
Acetylated_wood
Concept in drug discovery
that requires modification to fit better to the target; lead drugs offer the prospect of being followed by "back-up" compounds. The chemical structure serves
Lead_compound
Species of facultative anaerobic bacterium
boosting the power that the microbe generated. The process was a chemical modification only, which did not alter the organism's genome and was divided
Shewanella_oneidensis
amongst which the chemical modifications of fibres are widely used. One important sector of application of the chemical modifications is the treatment
Fiber_modification
Family of large biological molecules
JL, Schroeder SJ, Zuker M, Turner DH (May 2004). "Incorporating chemical modification constraints into a dynamic programming algorithm for prediction
RNA
Linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein
Aside from cleavage, phosphorylation is perhaps the most important chemical modification of proteins. A phosphate group can be attached to the sidechain
Protein_primary_structure
Act of intentionally altering or manipulating the weather
undisclosed chemicals, intentional poisoning, or something that is being done for a nefarious purpose. Gelt, Joe. "Weather Modification: A Water Resource
Weather_modification
Act of modifying the surface of a material
Surface modification is the act of modifying the surface of a material by bringing physical, chemical or biological characteristics different from the
Surface_modification
Biomolecule
detailed database of all such chemical modifications is manually curated as siRNAmod in scientific literature. Chemical modification of siRNA can also inadvertently
Small_interfering_RNA
Method of DNA sequencing
1976–1977. This method is based on nucleobase-specific partial chemical modification of DNA and subsequent cleavage of the DNA backbone at sites adjacent
Maxam–Gilbert_sequencing
performance of surfactant properties of natural sophorolipids, chemical modification methods have been actively pursued. Recently, researchers demonstrated
Sophorolipid
Chemical properties of graphene
fragments of graphene can be prepared in the laboratory through chemical modification of graphite. First, microcrystalline graphite is treated with an
Graphene_chemistry
Molecule that carries genetic information
sequence. Chemical modifications of these basic amino acid residues include methylation, phosphorylation, and acetylation. These chemical changes alter
DNA
American RNA biochemist
architectures in which increased molecular valency, combined with optimized chemical modification, produces tissue retention and sustained gene silencing following
Anastasia_Khvorova
hydrogen-terminated surfaces are hydrophobic, luminescent, and amenable to chemical modification. Hydrogen-terminated silicon is an intermediate in the growth of
Hydrogen-terminated silicon surface
Hydrogen-terminated_silicon_surface
Chemical reaction that attaches an acetyl group to a compound
and can be cast into fibers and films. Acetylation of wood is a chemical modification process that enhances the properties of wood by making it highly
Acetylation
Structure in the basal ganglia of the brain
nigra was previously called striatonigral degeneration. Chemical manipulation and modification of the substantia nigra is important in the fields of neuropharmacology
Substantia_nigra
Gelatinization of starch
aging of bread. Retrograded starch is a type of resistant starch. Chemical modification of starches can reduce or enhance the retrogradation. Waxy, high
Retrogradation_(starch)
Permanent or temporary changes to human sex organs
Genital modifications are forms of body modifications applied to the human sexual organs, including invasive modifications performed through genital cutting
Genital modification and mutilation
Genital_modification_and_mutilation
Chemical process intended to reverse the polarity of a molecular functional group
inversion is the chemical modification of a functional group with the aim of the reversal of polarity of that group. This modification allows secondary
Umpolung
Physiological molecule and therapeutic drug
Chemical modifications to HA can improve certain properties such as biocompatibility, permeation, and sustained drug release. Common modification sites
Hyaluronic_acid
Study of chemical processes of living organisms
Biochemistry, or biological chemistry (distinct from chemical biology), is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A
Biochemistry
Chemical compound
Identifiers CAS Number 25104-18-1 Y ChemSpider none UNII 0A1V8JTU2M Y Properties Chemical formula (C6H12N2O)n Molar mass variable 4700 g/mol (degree of polymerization
Polylysine
Mixture with equal amounts of left- and right-handed chiral isomers
influence (for example a chiral catalyst, solvent or starting material), a chemical reaction that makes a chiral product will always yield a racemate. That
Racemic_mixture
Hexagonal lattice made of carbon atoms
fragments of graphene can be prepared in the laboratory through chemical modification of graphite. First, microcrystalline graphite is treated with an
Graphene
Chemical substance not composed of simpler ones
A chemical element is a species of atom defined by its number of protons. The number of protons is called the atomic number of that element. For example
Chemical_element
German professor and wood scientist (born 1960)
the understanding of wood’s physical and chemical properties and to the development of chemical modification technologies, such as acetylation, furfurylation
Holger_Militz
Type of engineered wood
process alters the chemical composition of the wood, resulting in changes to its physical and mechanical properties. Thermal modification generally improves
Thermally_modified_wood
Indian-American chemical engineer (born 1977)
University of Illinois Chicago. His research focuses on the synthesis, chemical modification, scalable manufacturing and applications of two-dimensional materials
Vikas_Berry
Type of modified wood that is treated with furfuryl alcohol
furfuryl alcohol. This chemical process is also called furfurylation. Furfurylation is a commercially used wood modification process to enhance the physical
Furfurylated_wood
Food additive
known to the FAO as a food additive. It has E number E423, and is a chemical modification of gum arabic. It is a free flowing powder at STP, and has off-white
Octenyl succinic acid modified gum arabic
Octenyl_succinic_acid_modified_gum_arabic
Class of short biopolymers
These modifications give new properties to the oligonucleotides and make them a key element in antisense therapy. Oligonucleotides are chemically synthesized
Oligonucleotide
Chemical drug alteration process
Molecular modification is chemical alteration of a known and previously characterized lead compound for the purpose of enhancing its usefulness as a drug
Molecular_modification
CaM-antagonist and CaM-blockers promote the opening of gap junctions. Chemical modification takes place on connexin proteins after their translation and typically
Gap_junction_modulation
Polysaccharide from crustacean shells
glycerolphosphate salts (possessing a single anionic head) without chemical modification or cross-linking, the pH-dependent gelation properties of chitosan
Chitosan
the physical and chemical properties of surfaces to improve the functionality of the original material. Protein surface modification of various types
Surface modification of biomaterials with proteins
Surface_modification_of_biomaterials_with_proteins
Biochemical changes to RNA
cancers. 5-methylcytosine, commonly abbreviated as "m5C", is a chemical modification first identified in tRNA. Since its initial identification, 5-methylcytosine
Epitranscriptome
the therapeutic oliogoneucleotides, chemical modification is usually required. The most common chemical modification on the oligonucleotides is adding a
Phosphorothioate_nucleic_acid
Chemical modification
photoremovable, photosensitive, or photocleavable protecting group) is a chemical modification to a molecule that can be removed with light. PPGs enable high degrees
Photolabile_protecting_group
Scientific study of matter's behavior and properties
used frequently for economic purposes in the chemical industry. The word chemistry comes from a modification during the Renaissance of the word alchemy
Chemistry
Technology for screening small molecule compounds
DNA-encoded chemical libraries (DECL) is a technology for the synthesis and screening on an unprecedented scale of collections of small molecule compounds
DNA-encoded_chemical_library
Medical condition
alcohol metabolism. One primary mechanism involves DNA methylation, a chemical modification where methyl groups are added to DNA, often at CpG sites (regions
Alcohol_intolerance
Surface coated by antimicrobials to inhibit microbial growth
different processes. A coating may be applied to a surface that has a chemical compound that is toxic to microorganisms. In the alternative, it is possible
Antimicrobial_surface
Chemical compound
where letters with superscripted numbers refer to the following chemical modifications: A¹ – 2-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib). L² – leucine modified with an
Retatrutide
Family of viruses
can act as a template for site-selective and spatially controlled chemical modification. Furthermore, the two strands of the DNA are covalently linked at
Rudiviridae
Artificial peptide attached to protein for marking purpose
Protein tags may allow specific enzymatic modification (such as biotinylation by biotin ligase) or chemical modification (such as coupling to other proteins
Protein_tag
RNA processing within a biological cell
common to most eukaryotic cells by which an RNA primary transcript is chemically altered following transcription from a gene to produce a mature, functional
Post-transcriptional modification
Post-transcriptional_modification
Highly ordered, branched polymeric molecule
dendron is also encountered frequently. A dendron usually contains a single chemically addressable group called the focal point or core. The difference between
Dendrimer
Molecular process
that this chemical modification heavily interferes with miRNA target sites. There is active research into the importance of A-to-I modifications and their
RNA_editing
Reduction of the moisture content of wood prior to its use
Rowell, R.M. (1983). Chemical modification of wood. Forest Product Abstract, 6(12):363-382. Rowell, R.M. (1991). Chemical Modification of Wood. In: Hon,
Wood_drying
Relationship between a compound's chemical structure and its biological activity
determination of the chemical group responsible for evoking a target biological effect in the organism. This allows modification of the effect or the
Structure–activity relationship
Structure–activity_relationship
secondary and tertiary hydroxyl groups of the cellulosic fiber. The chemical modification of the cellulosic fibers does not involve physical and visual alterations
Coex_(material)
Turin". Chickos, J.S., and Uang, J. (2001). Chemical Modification of Cellulose. The Possible Effects of Chemical Cleaning on Fatty Acids Incorporated in Old
Radiocarbon dating of the Shroud of Turin
Radiocarbon_dating_of_the_Shroud_of_Turin
Short chains of 2–50 amino acids
residue sequence, amide backbone flexibility, and susceptibility to chemical modifications, all of which dictate bioavailability and membrane permeability
Peptide
Heritable characteristics affecting learning
Epigenetic gene regulation often involves the physical marking (chemical modification) of DNA or associated proteins to cause or allow long-lasting changes
Epigenetics in learning and memory
Epigenetics_in_learning_and_memory
Plastic that softens with heat and hardens on cooling
installations such as water, waste, and sewer conveyance plumbing. Chemical modification often produces more drastic changes in properties. Chlorinated polyvinyl
Thermoplastic
Planned series of chemical reactions to produce desired product(s)
Chemical synthesis (chemical combination) is the artificial execution of chemical reactions to obtain one or more products. This occurs by physical and
Chemical_synthesis
American wood scientist
research contributions in the physical and chemical properties of wood as well as in the chemical modification of wood (acetylation, furfurylation, resin
Alfred_J._Stamm
Process of removing chemical changes
non-enzymatic pretreatment for immunostaining to reduce or eliminate the chemical modifications caused by formalin fixation, through high temperature heating or
Antigen_retrieval
Long carbohydrate polymers such as starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin
containing sulfate groups can be isolated from algae or obtained by chemical modification. Polysaccharides are major classes of biomolecules. They are long
Polysaccharide
colloidal dispersions, possibility of tailored surface and interlayer chemical modification and others, make the study of clay chemistry a very important and
Clay_chemistry
Experimental process
X-ray crystallography, NMR and cryo-EM. Biochemical methods exploit the chemical properties of nucleic acids using specific reagents and conditions to assay
Nucleic acid structure determination
Nucleic_acid_structure_determination
Proposed biochemical transcription of genetic information
by chemical modifications (known as histone marks) to histone proteins, primarily on their unstructured ends. Together with similar modifications such
Histone_code
Tabular arrangement of the chemical elements
as the periodic table of the elements, is an ordered arrangement of the chemical elements into rows ("periods") and columns ("groups"). An icon of chemistry
Periodic_table
Method that removes material, one 1-atom thick layer at a time
self-limiting chemical modification steps which affect only the top atomic layers of the wafer, and etching steps which remove only the chemically-modified
Atomic_layer_etching
Class of antibacterial drugs, subgroup of quinolones
classified into four generations based on their spectrum of activity and chemical modifications.[citation needed] The first-generation quinolones, such as nalidixic
Quinolone_antibiotic
Chemical compound, Novel psychoactive substance analog, LSD prodrug
group, which is not covered under current NpSG regulations. This chemical modification allows 1S-LSD to be legally sold in Germany as of September 2024
1S-LSD
Substance composed of macromolecules with repeating structural units
market. Many commercially important polymers are synthesized by chemical modification of naturally occurring polymers. Prominent examples include the
Polymer
Timber intended for processing into wood pulp
including but not limited to: chemical modification, heat treatment, ammonia treatment, electrodialysis, and more. Chemical modification, heat treatment, and impregnation
Pulpwood
Scientist
1993) was a former Exxon Chief Scientist noted for his work on chemical modifications of low functionality elastomers. Baldwin was born on November 23
Francis_P._Baldwin
U.S. military cloud-seeding project in Vietnam (1967–1972)
supplies by softening road surfaces and causing landslides. The chemical weather modification program was conducted from Thailand over Cambodia, Laos, and
Operation_Popeye
modification and applying coatings to the substrate. Surface modifications can be used to affect surface energy, adhesion, biocompatibility, chemical
Biomaterial surface modifications
Biomaterial_surface_modifications
2023. Chickos, J.S., and Uang, J. (2001). Chemical Modification of Cellulose. The Possible Effects of Chemical Cleaning on Fatty Acids Incorporated in Old
Fringe theories about the Shroud of Turin
Fringe_theories_about_the_Shroud_of_Turin
1895 essay by H.G. Wells
theoretically be achieved through surgical or chemical modification. Wells was fully aware that surgical modification is only a physical change, and would not
The Limits of Individual Plasticity
The_Limits_of_Individual_Plasticity
Class of small RNA molecules
non-coding small RNA molecules in the nucleolus that primarily guide chemical modifications of other RNAs, mainly ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs and small nuclear
Small_nucleolar_RNA
Peptide used as medication
attaching PEG can often lead to loss of biological activity. Another chemical modification is the attachment of glycosyl (carbohydrate) units to the peptide
Peptide_therapeutics
Method of microscopy which measures chemical bonding between the probe and surface
In materials science, chemical force microscopy (CFM) is a variation of atomic force microscopy (AFM) which has become a versatile tool for characterization
Chemical_force_microscopy
Science of applying microwave radiation to chemical reactions
following papers in 1986, although the use of microwave heating in chemical modification can be traced back to the 1950s. Although occasionally known by
Microwave_chemistry
Substance introduced to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact
Salih, Nadia; Yousif, Emad (2010). "Biolubricants: raw materials, chemical modifications and environmental benefits". European Journal of Lipid Science and
Lubricant
Folding of DNA to create two- and three-dimensional shapes at the nanoscale
nanostructures. Modifications to structures can be made through conjugation of molecules such as proteins, or through chemical modification of the DNA bases
DNA_origami
Area of research analysing the modification of carbon nanotubes
improve interfacial adhesion to a bulk polymer through chemical attachment. Covalent modification attaches a functional group onto the carbon nanotube.
Carbon_nanotube_chemistry
Class of statistical-mechanical model
states of the unit can be realized either by chemical modifications (e.g. DNA methylation or modifications of DNA-bound histones), or due to quantized
Lattice_model_(biophysics)
more crystallizable fragment by removing unstructured regions. Chemical modification can be used to improve crystallization. The most commonly used is
Protein_crystallization
Country in South Asia
power of generalisation, a feeling for form, and a capacity for rapid modification of his hypotheses, that were often really startling, and made him, in
India
Plant species grown for its oil-rich seed
Salih, Nadia; Yousif, Emad (2010). "Biolubricants: Raw materials, chemical modifications and environmental benefits". European Journal of Lipid Science and
Rapeseed
Process of acquiring new knowledge
expression involves, most notably, chemical modification of DNA or DNA-associated histone proteins. These chemical modifications can cause long-lasting changes
Learning
Iron-rich pyroxene mineral
, Scott E. R. D., and Zolensky M. E. (1995). Mineralogical and chemical modification of components in CV3 chondrites: Nebular or asteroidal processing
Hedenbergite
Biotechnology company
In The Game". Chemical & Engineering News. Kurreck, Jens (2003). "Antisense technologies: Improvement through novel chemical modifications". European Journal
Ionis_Pharmaceuticals
Norwegian wood producer
Europe's 25 most creative companies. Mantanis, George I. (2017). "Chemical modification of wood by acetylation or furfurylation: A review of the present
Kebony
Engineering discipline focused on the design and operation of chemical plants
Chemical engineering is an engineering field which deals with the study of the operation and design of chemical plants as well as methods of improving
Chemical_engineering
Experimental antisense oligonucleotide drug for lowering lipoprotein(a)
RNase H-mediated cleavage. The antisense oligonucleotide includes chemical modifications such as triantennary N-acetylgalactosamine conjugation, which improve
Pelacarsen
Enzyme attached to an inert material
random multipoint attachment. However, immobilization via random chemical modification results in a heterogeneous protein population where more than one
Immobilized_enzyme
Long-chain polymer of a N-acetylglucosamine
Shinsuke (2014). "Chitin and Chitosan Nanofibers: Preparation and Chemical Modifications". Molecules. 19 (11): 18367–80. doi:10.3390/molecules191118367.
Chitin
Treatment or process aimed at extending the service life of wood structures
variety of chemical preservatives and treatment processes — commonly known as timber treatment, lumber treatment, pressure treatment or modification treatment
Wood_preservation
Unreproducible object used in digital security
presented with an input (performing PCR with specific primers). Due to chemical modifications applied to the ends of the molecules, the DNA pool is neither clonable
Physical_unclonable_function
Chemical compound
Dialdehyde starch is a polysaccharide derived by chemical modification from starch. It is prepared by periodate oxidation of starch. As an aqueous dispersion
Dialdehyde_starch
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